CN101827677A

CN101827677A - Process for producing a ball cage of a joint

Info

Publication number: CN101827677A
Application number: CN200880105481A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马库斯·斯塔尼克; 维尔纳·哈尔舍; 莫瑟·伊斯拉埃尔·梅达尔
Original assignee: MAG Powertrain GmbH
Current assignee: MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Priority date: 2007-09-04
Filing date: 2008-08-06
Publication date: 2010-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-06
Also published as: KR20100068371A; BRPI0816203A2; WO2009030575A1; US20100088874A1; DE102007043746A1; CN101827677B; EP2185305A1; BRPI0816203B1; DE102007043746B4

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing a ball cage (66: figure 9) of a joint (56: figure 9), said ball cage having an inner side (70: figure 9), an outer side (68: figure 9) and windows (74: figure 9) between the inner side and the outer side, in which process a blank (76) is clamped on a workpiece clamp (78) of a machine tool (10: figure 1), wherein a clamping region (80) of the blank is located outside a machining region, and the same machine tool machines the inner side, the outer side and the windows without the workpiece (76) being reset.

Description

The processing method of the ball retainer of coupling

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of ball retainer of coupling, this ball retainer has the window between inboard, the outside and inboard and the outside.

Background technology

The ball retainer is coupling, the even parts of power coupling for example, is used for spheroid is remained between starlike of ball seat and the inside.

WO 2004/012888A1 discloses a kind of gang tool, the second main shaft slide that it comprises the lathe frame, has the first main shaft slide of first work spindle and have second work spindle, wherein, the first main shaft slide and the second main shaft slide linearity guide on the lathe frame movably.This is outside equipped with the cutter storing apparatus.First guide part and second guide part apart are set on the lathe frame, had both guided the first main shaft slide on the guide part, also guide the second main shaft slide.First work spindle and second work spindle are arranged between two guide parts.

The lathe of being introduced in the document is applicable to implementation basis method of the present invention in principle.

WO 2005/089992A1 discloses a kind of method that is used to make the moulding rail of coupler component, and wherein cutting tool acts on workpiece.The workpiece processing that utilizes cutting tool is relative between workpiece and cutter advances when mobile and carries out when utilizing the workpiece processing of identical cutting tool returning after being right after the moving process that advances mobile.

DE 102005059696A1 discloses a kind of method that is used to make constant velocity cardan joint ball retainer, and this constant speed universal joint comprises the universal joint exterior part with inner cylinder spigot surface and has the universal joint inner part of spherical outside surface spigot surface and remain on the spheroid that is used for transmitting torque in the ball retainer.This method provides a kind of preformed annular preprocessing part of outer surface, inner surface, first end face and second end face that has, and wherein, outer surface comprises spherical and coned face.Carry out the soft processing of trochoidal surface for producing the conical scope of freedom, wherein, spherical surface at first keeps not processing.Subsequently the parts after the soft processing are hardened.Carry out the hard processing of spherical surface for producing chain of command, wherein, conical Free Surface keeps not processing.

DE 102005015649A1 discloses a kind of method that is used for turning and finishing workpiece, wherein, work mounting s portion obtains workpiece from conveying device, for turning processing clamps, wherein, the geometry of workpiece is carried out turning by size and dimension and workpiece is re-applied on the conveying device after finishing processing.Being provided with precise machining device carries out in identical clamping process with turning and fine finishining.

DE 10056132C2 discloses a kind of method that is used to process even power coupling hub body, no matter is exterior contour or the steel ball rolling channel that uses as the retainer track wherein, all carries out turning processing.The processing of exterior contour and the processing of steel ball rolling channel are carried out in the clamping that workpiece remains unchanged and the processing of steel ball rolling channel is undertaken by disk cutter, and disk cutter has the rotating shaft perpendicular to steel ball rolling channel, and tool diameter is the several times of steel ball rolling channel width.

EP 0952364B2 discloses a kind of method that is used for the ball retainer of work hardening, and this ball retainer is used for constant velocity cardan joint and is provided with outer bearing surface and ball-and-socket in the ball that is used to hold transmitting torque spherical.The ball retainer carries out hard turning, is used to constitute ball shape inner bearing face, distolateral contact-making surface and the circular cylinder clamping areas of two restriction inner bearing faces.The ball retainer clamps by cylindrical clamping area and distolateral contact-making surface transposition, and the ball retainer is carried out hard turning, is used to and axially goes up the contact-making surface that spheroid separately respect to one another constitutes ball shape outer bearing surface and constitutes in ball-and-socket.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to, a kind of processing method that starts described type is provided, utilize this method can make the ball retainer of high workpiece quality according to mode efficiently.

This purpose is achieved thus according to the present invention in the processing method of the described type of beginning, being about to blank is clamped on the work piece holder of lathe, wherein, the pinch zones of blank is in outside the processing district, and by same lathe processing inboard, the outside and window under the situation that need not workpiece transposition clamping.

In foundation solution of the present invention, the comprehensive process of ball retainer is carried out on identical lathe.For the clamping that do not replace of each procedure of processing workpiece.The transposition clamping process causes workpiece to be out of shape in various degree in principle and different clamped conditions therefore occurs.This causes the reduction of workpiece quality.According in the solution of the present invention, process and on a clamping device, carry out, thereby workpiece quality can be provided.

Preferably on unique lathe, carry out comprehensive process in addition.Can process expeditiously thus.For example no longer need to process contact-making surface as the benchmark use of different processing methods.Do not clamp ground on unique work piece holder by there being transposition, determined lathe benchmark (" software benchmark ") to a certain extent.

By can the time according to method of the present invention and the ball retainer of the high workpiece quality of cost minimization ground processing.

Particularly pinch zones is the zone outside ball retainer and other coupler component contact-making surfaces.No longer need to process this pinch zones thus.

The ball retainer has the annulus or the cylinder tagma of the pinch zones of being suitable as usually.

Particularly workpiece clamps by work piece holder and remains on the pinch zones.Also can obtain the axial stop position that is used for determining axial benchmark thus.

What have advantage especially is that the clamping force that the workpiece utilization is adjusted remains on the work piece holder.Produce best processing possibility thus and can realize high workpiece quality.

Clamping force is adjusted so in this regard, makes workpiece anti-maintenance occur under the situation of power with reversing, Workpiece vibration and workpiece do not occur and can not be out of shape and particularly not crushed owing to clamping.In this regard, this is a kind of optimizing process that must consider bucking effect; The workpiece card must be tight more, and Workpiece vibration is more little and more can not keep with reversing.But excessive clamping force can cause distortion and therefore cause the workpiece quality variation.Adjust clamping force by control and can be optimized process here.

Useful is to be used for the static friction manufacturing of clamping area to improve of clamping work pieces.That can realize the workpiece deformation minimum thus anti-ly reverses maintenance.

Improve adhesive force and for example can realize thus that promptly the clamping area of work piece holder and/or workpiece utilizes the material coating of high static friction.

As selection or additional, (workpiece and/or work piece holder) clamping area is for example by the sandblast hacking.

Be set in one embodiment, blank is the blank of sclerosis.Can be used to make the comprehensive process (final processing) of ball retainer then by sclerosis fine finishining.This ball retainer thus can the time effectively and cost process effectively.When workpiece left lathe, the whole completion of processing of this workpiece also can be used.

So fine finishining of hardening with particularly on this lathe, need not the transposition clamping.Comprehensive process does not have the transposition clamping process and carries out.

Useful is that inboard processing is undertaken by grinding and/or turning and particularly hard turning.Can realize great surface quality on the ball retainer inboard according to efficient way thus.

Useful for the same reason is that outside processing is undertaken by grinding and/or turning and particularly hard turning.

Possible in this regard is that the inboard processing and the outside process simultaneously or carry out successively.The order of inboard processing and outside processing is arbitrarily in this regard in principle.

In one embodiment, the inboard processing cutter identical with outside processing and utilization carries out.Obtain time-optimized processing thus, because need not cutter transposition clamping process.

Particularly cutter has first cutting edge that is used for inboard processing and is used for second cutting edge that the outside processes.Can utilize identical cutter both to carry out inboard processing thus, also carry out outside processing.

Particularly first cutting edge and second cutting edge are offset setting and also are offset setting each other transverse to vertical direction on the height each other.Add man-hour second cutting edge thus in the inboard and do not produce interference.

Cutter constitutes like this, and first cutting edge can be sunk in the inner chamber of ball retainer sink to the degree of depth up to maximum, and other zones of cutter not contact workpiece or workpiece maintaining part.By corresponding form fit, identical like this cutter both can be used for inboard processing, also can be used for outside processing.

Inboard in principle processing also can utilize different cutters to carry out with outside processing.

In one embodiment, the inboard processing and the outside add the antitorque maintenance of cutter in man-hour and the workpiece rotation.Therefore carry out the rotation processing of workpiece.

Can be set to, work piece holder is arranged on can be on the work spindle that moves at least one direction.Form best processing possibility thus.

Useful is, work spindle is a vertical major, and it has the longitudinal axis with gravity direction associated vertical orientation.Form best smear metal discharge thus and for example can do processing.

Useful then is that work spindle can move in vertical direction.Can carry out moving movement between cutter and the workpiece thus, so that cutter is sunk in the inner chamber of workpiece.

Can be set to, workpiece can relatively move at least one horizontal direction relevant with gravity direction with cutter.For example, workpiece is moving perpendicular to vertical Z direction on the directions X and one or more cutter moves perpendicular to directions X and Z direction on the Y direction by corresponding work spindle.Form thus and process possibility widely.By on directions X and Z direction, moving, for example can carry out the rotation processing of workpiece.By on the Y direction, moving, can carry out window processing efficiently.

Useful is that the workpiece processing and implementation are for doing processing.Thus at the efficient workpiece quality of implementing to produce under this method situation the best.

Whether window processing is arbitrarily after inboard processing or outside processing in principle.For occur on the parts that prevent to have made burr useful be that window processing is carried out in inboard processing and outside first being processed.

Useful is that window processing is undertaken by milling and/or grinding.Can in the zone of ball contact site, obtain best surface quality thus.

Can be set to, window add man-hour cutter and workpiece can rotate.Particularly cutter rotation.Workpiece can rotate (so this process is particularly rotated milling process) or rotation or revolution in limited angular range equally.

In one embodiment, the rotation of the rotation of cutter and workpiece is parallel to each other.Particularly workpiece rotation and cutter rotation in this regard.

So be set to, have at workpiece under the situation of n window, cutter speed ratio workpiece rotates fast n doubly.Obtain thus cutter and workpiece relevant with window to be processed synchronously.

The rotation of cutter and the rotation of workpiece also can be perpendicular to one another.So particularly carry out following processing, wherein only rotation or revolution in limited angular range of cutter rotation and workpiece.

Window adds the man-hour workpiece also can be with respect to cutter linear moving on the direction of the rotation that is parallel to cutter.Especially, then workpiece do not rotate.

Can be set to, by pipe manufacturer, this pipe is rolled and goes out window by turning and from described pipe on the inboard according to the blank of processing method of the present invention.The particularly soft in this regard process of alleged process.

Can be set to, blank was hardened before being clamped on the lathe.On this lathe, carry out hard process then.

Description of drawings

The following explanation of preferred implementation is used for that the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates thereon the schematic diagram of the embodiment of lathe that can implementation basis the inventive method;

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of the step that is used for implementation basis the inventive method;

Fig. 3 (a) and (b) illustrate the schematic diagram that window is processed first embodiment; Fig. 3 (a) schematically illustrates the side of workpiece processing

View and Fig. 3 (b) illustrate along the profile of Fig. 3 (a) middle conductor b-b;

Fig. 4 (a) and (b) illustrate the schematic diagram that window is processed second embodiment; Fig. 4 (a) schematically illustrates workpiece processing

Side view and Fig. 4 (b) illustrate along the profile of Fig. 4 (a) middle conductor b-b;

Fig. 5 (a) and (b) illustrate the schematic diagram that window is processed the 3rd embodiment; Side view and Fig. 5 (b) that Fig. 5 (a) schematically illustrates workpiece processing illustrate along the profile of Fig. 5 (a) middle conductor b-b;

Fig. 6 illustrates the schematic diagram of the cutter that is used for inboard processing and outside processing;

Fig. 7 (a) illustrates the schematic diagram of the different intermediate steps of inboard processing to 7 (e);

The difference of processing step by step outside Fig. 8 (a) illustrated to 8 (c); And

Fig. 9 illustrates the perspective view of the even power coupling embodiment with ball retainer.

The specific embodiment

By its can implementation basis the inventive method embodiment whole 10 marks that adopt in Fig. 1 of gang tool; This lathe comprises lathe frame 12, by its gang tool 10 (illustrating as the twin shaft lathe here) ground location relatively.On lathe frame 12, the first main shaft slide 14 linear moving on direction X guides on the secondary frame 13.This direction X is horizontal direction particularly.This direction is perpendicular to the plan orientation in Fig. 1.The first main shaft slide 14 carries first work spindle 16, and workpiece to be processed is rotatable to be fixed on this work spindle.First work spindle 16 is guiding movably on the horizontal Z at relative direction X on the first main shaft slide 14, thereby the workpiece that remains on first work spindle 16 can be adjusted with respect to the distance of lathe frame 12.The workpiece that is kept can be parallel with the Z direction around the rotation of first work spindle 16 of its rotation.

This is outside equipped with the second main shaft slide 18, and it is equally in the guiding on lathe frame 12 movably of linearity on the directions X.This second main shaft slide 18 keeps second work spindle, 20, the second work spindles to remain on movably on the second main shaft slide 18 in linearity on the Z direction.

Two

work spindles

16 and 20 particularly substantially parallel each other orientations.

Be provided with first transmission device 22 for driving first work spindle 16 along Z axle moving movement.Can for example be hydraulic transmission, ball screw or linear motor in this regard.The gear unit of first transmission device 22 be on the first main shaft slide 14 and with first main shaft slide associated movement on directions X.

For guiding first work spindle, 16, the first main shaft slides 14 to have the whole guider that adopts 24 marks, first work spindle 16 can move on the Z direction by first transmission device, 22 transmissions ground on this guider 24.The Z direction is vertical orientation particularly in this regard, just is parallel to the gravity direction orientation.So first work spindle 16 and second work spindle 20 are vertical major.

For making second work spindle 20 be provided with second transmission device 26 with respect to 18 motions of the second main shaft slide, it makes second work spindle 20 linear mobile with respect to the second main shaft slide 18 on the Z direction on the guider 28.

Work spindle

16 and 20 is provided with

workpiece maintaining part

30,32 separately on its lower end, workpiece separately can be around

longitudinal axis

34,36 rotatable being fixed on the workpiece maintaining part of

work spindle

16,20 separately.

Can cutter storing apparatus 38 be set pivotally around axis B on the lathe frame 12, wherein, this gyroaxis 40 is transverse to Z direction and directions X orientation and particularly horizontal orientation.Cutter storing apparatus 38 comprises each other the first cutter accommodation section 42 and the second cutter accommodation section 44 apart on the twin shaft lathe.

Cutter accommodation section

42,44 is on the

cutter spindle

43,45 of rotatable transmission.Thereby the cutter of corresponding maintenance such as milling cutter or drill bit can rotate around main-shaft axis.Can process two workpiece by cutter separately simultaneously then, wherein, first workpiece remains on first work spindle 16 and second workpiece remains on second work spindle 20.

Two cutters hold that

place

42 and 44 is in can be around on the rotating cross beam type pivoted lever 46 of gyroaxis 40 (B axis).Be provided with drive unit 47 for carrying out gyration.In this regard, each rotary position of cutter storing apparatus 38 can be adjusted in the revolution range of determining, thereby determining on the rotary position of adjusting that the workpiece that remains on separately on

work spindle

16 and 20 can be processed by the cutter that is fixed on the cutter storing apparatus 38 and particularly exist in cutter holds

place

42,44.

Cutter holds

place

42,44 and can move on the Y direction in addition; Pivoted lever 46 remains on the mobile slide 49 for this reason, and this slide moves guiding on guide device 51.The Y direction is perpendicular to directions X and Z direction.

So for example can be manufactured on the constant velocity cardan joint (consulting WO 2005/089992A1) that has steel ball rolling channel in axle journal and the hub body like this.

Particularly can carry out soft Milling Process, grinding or hard Milling Process by corresponding cutter.Also can carry out hard turning processing.

Be provided with corresponding attachment device, for example as one or more turntable with corresponding lathe tool or additional main shaft, it is arranged on the interior (not shown) of scope of workpiece processing district for this reason.

Also can carry out the continuous processing of workpiece, method is that this workpiece for example at first remains on first work spindle 16, utilizes first cutter processing and transfers on the work spindle 20 subsequently and utilize the processing of second cutter then.

Form spin chamber 48 on the lathe frame 12, so that can make cutter storing apparatus 38 revolution on lathe frame 12 in the clear in the revolution range of determining.Can also discharge smear metal etc. by this spin chamber 48.

Main shaft slide

14 and 18 and the Z directional correlation on cutter storing apparatus 38, on directions X, move guiding.Be provided with first guide part 50 that particularly comprises guide rail, itself and cutter storing apparatus 38 are arranged on the top of this cutter storing apparatus apart for this reason.This is outside equipped with second guide part 52, and it is parallel at a distance of particularly being arranged on the Z direction height identical with first guide part 50 above the cutter storing apparatus 38 with first guide part 50.Second guide part 52 particularly also comprises guide rail.Two

guide parts

50 and 52 particularly are horizontally disposed

with.Guide part

50,52 is on the secondary frame 13.

Also can be set to, guide

part

50,52 skew is arranged on the Z direction, so that the main shaft slide is reinforced for example can adding like this under the situation of needs on its short transverse.

The first main shaft slide 14 constitutes near L shaped like this in the zone of

guide part

50,52 or triangle at it, makes the main shaft slide comprise the first arm, and this arm is along the 50 directed and guiding in the above of first guide part.For example be provided with two guiding slides apart, so that linear moving guides the first arm on first guide part 50.Second arm is connected with the first arm, and second arm for example connects by the guiding slide transverse to the first arm orientation and with second guide part 52, so that linearity guides second arm movably on second guide part 52.

Be between two

guide parts

50 and 52 between two arms and at first work spindle 16 on two arms.

The first main shaft slide 14 and first guide part 50 be used for the linear contact-making surface that is connected of moving of first guide part greater than the contact-making surface that is used for being connected with second guide part 52.For example, first contact-making surface forms by two guiding slides, and the contact-making surface of second guide part 52 only forms by a guiding slide.

The second main shaft slide 18 comprises the first arm equally, and it also for example connects by two guiding slides with second guide part 52 along second guide part, 52 orientations.Have second arm transverse to this first arm, this second arm connects by the guiding slide with first guide part 50.Therefore, the second main shaft slide 18 also has L shaped or leg-of-mutton profile, wherein, with the contact-making surface of second guide part 52 greater than with the contact-making surface of first guide part 50.Second work spindle 20 is being between two

guide parts

50 and 52 on the first arm and second arm between the first arm and second arm, and with close another work spindle 16 of the free zone line between two

work spindles

16,20.

In this regard, L shaped or leg-of-mutton moulding relates to the cross section of the projection on the plane of launching by two

guide parts

50,52 in the zone that

main shaft slide

14 or 18 connects with these

guide parts

50 and 52 at least.

This gang tool is introduced in WO 2004/012888A1 to some extent.This application is consulted in the statement aspect.

Lathe 10 has control device 54, can control the motion and the position of machine tool component by it.Can implementation basis method of the present invention by control device 54.

Among Fig. 9 with shown in (part) exploded view and adopt the couplings of 56 marks and particularly evenly the embodiment of power coupling comprise star steel ball 58 and steel ball rolling channel 60.Star steel ball 58 is connected with power transmission shaft is antitorque in use.

Coupling 56 has bell ball seat 62 in addition.The same steel ball rolling channel 64 that forms in this ball seat.Ball seat 62 is antitorque during use is connected with wheel.

Between ball seat 62 and the star steel ball 58 ball retainer 66 is set.The effect of this ball retainer is to keep steel ball (not shown among Fig. 9).Steel ball can make coupling 56 play evenly the effect that (evenly power) transmits under the deflection angle of extreme angles.

Steel ball moves and contacts ball retainer 66 parts on steel ball rolling channel 60 and 64.Corresponding surperficial high-quality constitutes.

Ball retainer 66 has the outside 68, inboard 70, inboard star steel ball 58 inner chamber 72 of location therein that limits, ball retainer 66 also have inboard 70 and the outside 68 between window 74.

The ball retainer relates to the fine finishining of ball retainer and meanwhile relates to final processing according to processing method of the present invention.

Starting point according to processing method of the present invention is the ball retainer blank of making by soft processing.For example, the blank of this ball retainer is by the pipe fitting manufacturing of cutting off, and this pipe fitting rollably and turning on the inboard.Window on this blank by the stamping-out manufacturing.Harden subsequently.Implementation basis processing method of the present invention on the blank of sclerosis like this.(implemented before sclerosis according to processing method of the present invention as selecting.)

The following operation of foundation processing method of the present invention:

The blank 76 (Fig. 2) of sclerosis is clamped on the work piece holder 78 of workpiece maintaining part 30 or 32.The pinch zones 80 of blank 76 is also to be the annulus 82 in cylinder tagma in this regard, and it locatees and have the inner chamber 84 of hollow cylinder on an end of blank 76.Pinch zones 80 is provided with so in this regard and constitutes, and promptly it does not contact other coupler component (just not contacting ball seat 62, star steel ball 58 and steel ball) on the coupling of having made 56.Pinch zones 80 also need not other processing.

Work piece holder 78 has the chuck 86 that is pressed on annulus 82 inboards.Blank 76 tightens thus and remains on the work piece holder 78.Corresponding clamping force (or clamping force) is determined to adjust, and is such adjustment, makes workpiece prevent reversing maintenance during processing.Clamping force is adjusted in addition like this, makes workpiece indeformable and particularly not broken.Clamping force is adjusted in addition like this, make processing during workpiece vibration can not appear.

Work piece holder 78 has contact zone 88, and for example annular constitutes and the outside of blank 76 is that axial location can cling to this above contact zone for it.

Can take to improve the measure of static friction between work piece holder 78 and the blank 76.For example, blank 76 Hes. perhaps particularly the clamping area of work piece holder 78 adopts the material coating that improves static friction.Also can be set to, corresponding clamping area is for example by the sandblast hacking, to improve static friction.

The final processing of workpiece is carried out on same lathe, need not workpiece and work piece holder 68 are unclamped.Carry out a kind of comprehensive process that need not to replace and clamp.The center line that guarantees for example internal diameter, external diameter and window 74 thus is best fit each other.By carrying out calmness running and the service life that comprehensive process can improve the ball retainer of making by foundation method of the present invention in a clamping process.

In foundation processing method of the present invention, a machine tool is only used in the comprehensive process of workpiece.Error when eliminating the transposition clamping; At every turn again during clamping work pieces, this workpiece differently different stress states occurs on distortion and the workpiece in principle.Can cause reducing workpiece quality like this.Improved workpiece quality by adopting according to method processing work of the present invention.

In addition, according to the contact-making surface that does not also need in the method for the present invention to process as transposition clamping process datum level, because processing is carried out in the clamping process that clamps that need not to replace.

Blank 76 fine finishining of hardening on lathe 10 comprises window processing (by 90 expressions of the reference numeral among Fig. 2), outside processing (by 92 expressions of the reference numeral among Fig. 2) and inboard processing (representing by the reference numeral among Fig. 2 94).By window processing, outside processing and inboard processing, blank 76 comprehensive processes are become the ball retainer 66 of net shape, wherein, on the contact site of steel ball and other coupler component, form necessary surface quality.

The order of window processing in principle, outside processing and inboard processing is any.Preferably at first carry out window processing and carry out outside processing subsequently and/or inboard processing, to prevent burr.

Particularly grinding or utilize the Milling Process of one or more rotary milling tools of the sclerosis fine finishining of window.In first embodiment that Fig. 3 (a) schematically illustrates, blank is around rotation 96 rotations.Rotation 96 overlaps with the

longitudinal axis

34 or 36 of associated workpiece maintaining part 30 or 32.At corresponding work spindle is among this embodiment of vertical major, and rotation 96 is vertical axis.

Milling cutter 98 with one or more corresponding cutting edge 100 is around rotation 102 rotations that are parallel to rotation 96.In this case, corresponding cutters holds the B axis angle B at

place

42 or 44 _αBe zero degree.Cutting edge 100 particularly constitutes fly cutter.

Associated workpiece

main shaft

16 or 20 and the rotation of corresponding cutters

main shaft

43 or 45 synchronous;

Rotation

96 and 102 is in this regard transverse to axial dipole field.If blank has n window, blank around the slow n of rotation 96 speed ratio milling cutters, 98 rotations doubly carries out window processing, just f so that can be used as sclerosis fine finishining so _Tool=nf _w, wherein, f _ToolSpeed and f for milling cutter 98 _wSpeed for workpiece 76.

Fig. 3 (b) illustrates the window of having processed 104, and wherein, the milling profile adopts reference numeral 106 expressions.The track 108 of corresponding cutting edge is shown in addition.Profile 106 bendings.Same profile on the opposing sidewalls is rotated by advancing accordingly and is returned rotation and realize.

This process is the rotation milling process.

In second embodiment shown in Figure 4, the rotation 110 of corresponding cutters 112 is perpendicular to the rotation 114 of workpiece 76.This point realizes thus, i.e. pivoted lever 46 and original position B _αBe correlated with for=0 ° and rotate to B with 90 ° _α=90 °.

Cutter 112 is around rotation 110 rotations.For carrying out window processing, workpiece 76 does not rotate around rotation 114, but only with limited anglec of rotation revolution.

Can make milling profile 107 (Fig. 4 (b)) by this method, its degree of crook slightly is weaker than milling profile 106.

In the 3rd embodiment that Fig. 5 schematically illustrates, cutter 112 is also with 90 ° of revolution, just angle B on axis of rotation 40 _αIt is 90 °.

Workpiece 76 does not rotate.Workpiece moves on the Y direction at mobile on the Y direction and cutter 112.Can produce the milling profile 116 that is parallel to Y direction orientation thus.

Can be on the workpiece with combined by the method that Fig. 3 to 5 introduced.

One or more that passes through to be introduced carries out the comprehensive process of window step by step.

Inboard and the outside processes by one or more cutter while or carries out successively.

In one embodiment, inboard processing and outside processing are undertaken by a shared cutter 118 (Fig. 6).This cutter is clamped in corresponding cutter to be held in the place 42 or 44.This cutter has first cutting edge 120 that is used for inboard processing and second cutting edge 122 that is used for outside processing.First cutting edge 120 and second cutting edge 122 and vertical axis 124 are relevant each other apart, and wherein, first cutting edge is in the front in addition.They this external transverse on the direction of vertical axis 124 each other apart.

The outline 126 of cutter 118 constitutes like this, makes it carry out the inboard by first cutting edge 120 and adds cutter other zones of 118 in man-hour contact workpiece not.The corresponding zone 130 that on the front 128 of cutter 118, forms indentation, its be in the following of first cutting edge 120 and second cutting edge 122 above.As following also to introduce in detail, this makes becomes possibility in the inner chamber 72 sink to the ball retainer that will make.

Cutter 118 has and is used to be clamped in corresponding cutters and holds knife bar 132 in the place.Knife bar 132 high rigidity constitute.

Fig. 7 (a) illustrates the inboard to 7 (e) and processes step by step.This is a kind of hard turning processing in this

regard.Cutting edge

120 and 122 constitutes lathe tool.

Also can use grinding knife tool.

Cutter 118 antitorque maintenances.Workpiece 76 is around rotation 114 rotations.First cutting edge 120 is because the Z motility of workpiece 76 by the associated workpiece main shaft descends sinks to.By the synchronous X motion of associated workpiece main shaft, can on the inboard of workpiece 76, carry out the processing of grinding or hard turning.

As appreciable from Fig. 7 (d) and 7 (e), the indentation zone 130 on cutter 118 outlines 126 can make first cutting edge 120 sink in the pinch zones 80 always, and outline 126 contact workpiece not.

After the sclerosis fine finishining by inboard hard turning, the outside processes by hard turning equally.This point at Fig. 8 (a) to shown in 8 (c).

Workpiece 76 descends by corresponding work spindle.By the corresponding X-Z motion carrying out of work spindle outside processing.Workpiece 76 is in this regard around rotation 114 rotation and cutter 118 antitorque maintenances.

Indentation zone 130 also can make cutter 118 not contact corresponding workpiece maintaining part (for example 30).

The outline 126 of cutter 118 matches with the shape of workpiece and the shape of cutter maintaining part thus.

This degree of workpiece descends, and makes to make until the whole outside of pinch zones by the cutter 118 with second cutting edge 122 to process by hard turning.

Inboard processing also can be carried out after the processing of the outside.Under the situation of using corresponding cutters, inboard in principle processing and outside processing also can be carried out simultaneously.

According to the result of processing method of the present invention is the ball retainer, its comprehensive process and need not reprocessing (as grinding etc.) for it.Sclerosis fine finishining need not to replace to be clamped on the blank after the sclerosis and carries out.

In a kind of embodiment of foundation the inventive method, inboard processing, outside processing and window processing are undertaken by sclerosis fine finishining on the blank after the sclerosis.The particularly inboard processing and the outside are processed as hard turning or grinding.Window is processed as milling process or grinding process.

Processing is up in a clamping process.The parts of ball retainer can best fit in its margin of tolerance thus.Clamping area need not reprocessing.Under effective time saving processing situation, obtain high workpiece quality.

The lathe XG of lathe of introducing among the WO 2004/012888A1 and Ex-Cell-O joint-stock company has very high lathe rigidity and therefore is specially adapted to implementation basis processing method of the present invention.

The processing of window is carried out with discrete step.Can on cutter and workpiece, produce high vibratory stimulation thus.Its measure by damped oscillation on lathe, cutter and the work piece holder is subjected to adverse effect.

Working angles preferably carries out like this, makes particularly to avoid forming smear metal accumulation place on the window of workpiece.

Workpiece can be done processing, again bearing-surface is carried out grinding because need not.

Claims

1. the processing method of the ball retainer of coupling, described ball retainer has inboard, the outside and the window between the described inboard and the described outside, wherein, blank is clamped on the work piece holder of lathe, wherein, the pinch zones of described blank is in outside the processing district and by same lathe and processes described inboard, the described outside and described window under the situation that need not described workpiece transposition clamping.

2. by the described processing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pinch zones is the zone outside described ball retainer and other coupler component contact-making surfaces.

3. by claim 1 or 2 described processing methods, it is characterized in that described pinch zones is an annulus.

4. by one of aforementioned claim described processing method, it is characterized in that described workpiece is clamped on the described pinch zones by described work piece holder.

5. by one of aforementioned claim described processing method, it is characterized in that, utilize adjusted clamping force that described workpiece is remained on the described work piece holder.

6. by the described processing method of claim 5, it is characterized in that, adjust described clamping force, make described workpiece anti-maintenance under the situation of power occur with reversing, Workpiece vibration and described workpiece not occurring can be owing to clamping is out of shape.

7. by the described processing method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that the clamping area that is used to clamp described workpiece is made with the static friction that improves.

8. by the described processing method of claim 7, it is characterized in that clamping area is coated or coated, thereby improve described static friction.

9. by claim 7 or 8 described processing methods, it is characterized in that clamping area is by hacking.

10. by one of aforementioned claim described processing method, it is characterized in that described blank is the blank after hardening.

11., it is characterized in that the processing of described blank is undertaken by sclerosis fine finishining by the described processing method of claim 10.

12., it is characterized in that inboard processing is undertaken by grinding and/or turning by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

13., it is characterized in that outside processing is undertaken by grinding and/or turning by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

14., it is characterized in that described inboard processing and/or outside processing are undertaken by hard turning by claim 12 or 13 described processing methods.

15., it is characterized in that the described inboard processing and the described outside process simultaneously or carry out successively by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

16., it is characterized in that the described inboard processing cutter identical with described outside processing and utilization carries out by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

17., it is characterized in that described cutter has first cutting edge that is used for described inboard processing and is used for second cutting edge of described outside processing by the described processing method of claim 16.

18., it is characterized in that described first cutting edge and described second cutting edge be skew ground setting in height each other by the described processing method of claim 17.

19. by claim 17 or 18 described processing methods, it is characterized in that described cutter constitutes in the following manner, promptly, described first cutting edge can sink in the inner chamber of described workpiece and sink to the degree of depth until maximum, and other zones of described cutter not contact workpiece or workpiece maintaining part.

20., it is characterized in that the described inboard processing cutter different with described outside processing and utilization carries out by one of claim 1 to 15 described processing method.

21. by the described processing method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, add man-hour described cutter in described inboard processing and the described outside and kept antitorquely.

22., it is characterized in that described work piece holder is arranged on can be on the work spindle that moves at least one direction by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

23., it is characterized in that described work spindle is a vertical major by the described processing method of claim 22.

24., it is characterized in that described work spindle can move in vertical direction by the described processing method of claim 23.

25., it is characterized in that described workpiece can relatively move with cutter at least one horizontal direction relevant with gravity direction by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

26., it is characterized in that described workpiece processing and implementation are for doing processing by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

27., it is characterized in that described inboard processing and outside processing are carried out by one of aforementioned claim described processing method after described window processing.

28., it is characterized in that window processing is undertaken by milling and/or grinding by one of aforementioned claim described processing method.

29. by the described processing method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, add cutter and described workpiece rotation in man-hour at described window.

30., it is characterized in that the rotation of described cutter and the rotation of described workpiece are parallel to each other by the described processing method of claim 29.

31. by claim 29 or 30 described processing methods, it is characterized in that having at described workpiece under the situation of n window, the described workpiece of described cutter speed ratio rotates fast n doubly.

32., it is characterized in that the rotation of described cutter and the rotation of described workpiece are perpendicular to one another by the described processing method of claim 29.

33. by the described processing method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, add man-hour described workpiece at described window and be parallel to linear moving on the direction of rotation of described cutter with respect to described cutter.

34., it is characterized in that described workpiece is kept antitorquely by the described processing method of claim 33.

35. by one of aforementioned claim described processing method, it is characterized in that described blank is by pipe manufacturer, described pipe is rolled and goes out window by turning and from described pipe on the inboard.

36., it is characterized in that described blank was hardened before being clamped on the described lathe by the described processing method of claim 35.