CN115229408B - Clamp for laser welding, laser welding workstation and method - Google Patents
Clamp for laser welding, laser welding workstation and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115229408B CN115229408B CN202210777327.4A CN202210777327A CN115229408B CN 115229408 B CN115229408 B CN 115229408B CN 202210777327 A CN202210777327 A CN 202210777327A CN 115229408 B CN115229408 B CN 115229408B
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- outer plate
- positioning tool
- laser welding
- inner plate
- positioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of white car body welding, and discloses a clamp for laser welding, a laser welding workstation and a method, wherein the clamp comprises: the outer plate positioning tool comprises a bottom plate and one or more positioning blocks, wherein each positioning block extends along the length direction of a weld joint to be welded, an air groove is formed in each positioning block, and an air inlet for introducing protective gas is formed in each air groove; the inner plate positioning tool comprises a base, a clamping assembly and a pressing block assembly, wherein the clamping assembly is arranged on the base, the pressing block assembly is arranged on the base, and the pressing block assembly corresponds to the positioning block and is used for compressing and positioning the inner plate; the compressing mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer plate positioning tool and used for compressing or unlocking the inner plate positioning tool. The invention can realize the compaction and positioning of the workpiece and the direct protection of the appearance surface during welding, and improves the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of white car body welding, in particular to a clamp for laser welding, a laser welding workstation and a method.
Background
Laser welding is a welding laser welding in which a high-intensity laser beam is irradiated to the surface of a metal, and the metal is melted by the interaction of the laser and the metal. Because laser welding has the advantages of high speed, large depth and small deformation, and the range of the types of the weldable materials of the laser welding is large, and various heterogeneous materials can be mutually jointed, the laser welding is widely applied to the welding of the automobile body at present.
When the appearance surface of the automobile body is welded by using laser, such as a side wall outer plate, an automobile door outer plate and the like, particularly when continuous long welding lines are used, the outer plate surface is easy to oxidize when being welded due to long heated length, the existing laser welding fixture does not particularly protect the appearance surface, and when continuous long welding lines are needed to be welded, the compression positioning of workpieces and the direct protection of the welding appearance surface cannot be considered, so that welding quality defects of the welded appearance surface are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention aims to provide a clamp, a laser welding workstation and a method for laser welding, so as to solve the problem that welding protection and compaction cannot be realized on an appearance surface under various laser welding working conditions such as continuous long welding lines, and therefore, the welding quality of the appearance surface is low. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an aspect of the present invention is to provide a jig for laser welding for clamping an outer panel and an inner panel to be welded, comprising:
the outer plate positioning tool comprises a bottom plate and one or more positioning blocks, each positioning block extends along the length direction of a weld joint to be welded, an air groove is formed in each positioning block, and an air inlet for introducing protective gas is formed in each air groove;
the inner plate positioning tool comprises a base, a clamping assembly and a pressing block assembly, wherein the clamping assembly is arranged on the base and used for clamping the inner plate, and the pressing block assembly is arranged on the base and corresponds to the positioning block and is used for compressing and positioning the inner plate;
the compressing mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer plate positioning tool and used for compressing or unlocking the inner plate positioning tool.
Preferably, the briquette assembly comprises a plurality of compacts, the position of any one of the compacts being adjustable.
Preferably, the upper surface of the positioning block is attached to the lower surface of the outer plate, and the lower surface of the outer plate covers the notch of the air groove and forms an air storage space with the air groove.
Preferably, each air groove is provided with a plurality of air inlets, and the air inlets are arranged at the end parts or the side surfaces of the air grooves.
Preferably, the air tank is further provided with an air outlet.
Preferably, the pressing block comprises a connecting block and a pressing block, one end of the connecting block is connected with the base, the other end of the connecting block is connected with the pressing block, one or a plurality of first adjusting gaskets arranged in a stacked mode are arranged between the connecting block and the base, one or a plurality of second adjusting gaskets arranged in a stacked mode are arranged between the pressing block and the pressing block, and the stacking direction of the first adjusting gaskets is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the second adjusting gaskets.
Preferably, the compaction block comprises a compaction part, a bending part and a fixing part, wherein the fixing part is connected with the connecting block, the bending part is obliquely arranged in a direction away from a welding line to be welded, and the bottom surface of the compaction part is propped against the inner plate.
Preferably, the outer plate positioning tool further comprises a plurality of adsorption devices fixed on the bottom plate, and adsorption surfaces of the adsorption devices are respectively attached to the lower surface of the outer plate so as to adsorb and fix the outer plate.
Preferably, the outer plate positioning tool further comprises a positioning guide device, wherein the positioning guide device is installed on the bottom plate and is provided with an abutting surface abutting against the outer edge of the outer plate.
Preferably, the clip assembly includes a plurality of clips for clip-fixing the inner panel.
Preferably, the pressing mechanism comprises a plurality of pressing cylinders, one of a positioning hole and a positioning pin which are matched with each other is arranged on the pressing mechanism, and the other one of the positioning hole and the positioning pin is arranged on the base.
Preferably, the pressing mechanism further comprises a locker for locking the inner plate positioning tool on the outer plate positioning tool.
Another aspect of the invention is to provide a laser welding station comprising a laser welding mechanism and a fixture for laser welding as described above.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding method comprising the steps of:
placing the outer plate on an outer plate positioning tool, and adsorbing and fixing the outer plate through an adsorption device of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate is clamped by the clamping assembly of the inner plate positioning tool, and the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are transported to the upper part of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are placed on the outer plate positioning tool, so that the inner plate is combined with the outer plate;
compressing the inner plate positioning tool and the outer plate positioning tool through a compressing mechanism;
pressing the inner plate through a pressing block assembly;
introducing protective gas into a gas storage space formed by the outer plate and a gas groove of the outer plate positioning tool;
and welding the welding seams of the inner plate and the outer plate through a laser welding mechanism.
Preferably, the press block assembly includes a plurality of press blocks, and pressing the inner plate through the press block assembly specifically includes: and adjusting the positions of the pressing blocks so that any pressing block is attached to the inner plate.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a clamp for laser welding, a laser welding workstation and a method. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the method are as follows:
through set up the locating piece that corresponds with treating the welding seam on planking location frock, set up the air tank in the locating piece, and when placing the planking on the locating piece, make the notch of air tank cover treating the welding seam, through letting in shielding gas to the air tank in, can make when welding the welding seam, shielding gas through the contact of the oxygen in the lower surface of the planking that isolated welding seam is located and the air, avoid the exterior surface of planking to be oxidized to realize the direct protection to planking exterior surface. And through setting up the briquetting of multiunit position adjustable at inner panel location frock, can realize effectively compressing tightly all welded position of the long welding seam of inner and outer board, improve the welding quality of outward appearance face.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between a door inner panel and a door outer panel in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fixture for laser welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the division of laser welding areas of an inner panel and an outer panel of a vehicle door according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a press block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer plate positioning tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner plate positioning tool in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a clamping state of an inner plate positioning tool to an inner plate in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1, an outer plate positioning tool; 10. a positioning block; 101. an air tank; 102. an air inlet; 103. an air outlet; 11. a bottom plate; 12. an adsorption device; 13. positioning and guiding device;
2. an inner plate positioning tool; 21. a base; 211. a positioning pin; 22. a holder; 23. briquetting; 231. a connecting block; 232. a compaction block; 2321. a pressing part; 2322. a bending part; 2323. a fixing part; 233. a first adjustment shim; 234. a second adjustment shim;
3. a compressing mechanism; 31. a compacting cylinder; 311. positioning holes; 32. a locker;
4. a door inner panel; 41. and a door outer panel.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the term "laser welding" is used herein to denote a high-efficiency and precise welding method using a laser beam with a high energy density as a heat source, and is mainly used for welding thin-wall materials and low-speed welding, and the welding process belongs to heat conduction type, i.e., laser radiation heats the surface of a workpiece, and the surface heat is diffused to the inside through heat conduction, so that the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool by controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, repetition frequency, and the like of laser pulses.
The clamp for laser welding is used for clamping an outer plate and an inner plate to be welded, and can be particularly used for positioning and clamping all areas of a vehicle body such as a front door, a rear door, a front cover, a rear cover and a fender of the vehicle body. The following description will take laser welding of the door inner and outer panels as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the fixture for laser welding according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an outer plate positioning tool 1, an inner plate positioning tool 2 and a pressing mechanism 3, where the outer plate positioning tool 1 is used to position an outer plate 41 of a vehicle door, the outer plate positioning tool 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and one or more positioning blocks 10, each positioning block 10 extends along a length direction of a weld to be welded, an arrangement mode of the positioning blocks 10 is determined according to distribution of the weld to be welded, and a positioning block 10 is correspondingly disposed on a lower side of each weld to be welded. The positioning block 10 is provided with an air groove 101, the air groove 101 is provided with an air inlet 102 for introducing protective gas, preferably, the center line of a notch of the air groove 101 is overlapped with the center line of a welding line to be welded, and the protective gas introduced into the air groove 101 can cover the welding line area to be welded; the inner plate positioning tool 2 comprises a base 21, a clamping assembly and a pressing block assembly, wherein the clamping assembly is arranged on the base 21 and used for clamping the vehicle door inner plate 4, and the pressing block assembly is arranged on the base 21 and corresponds to the positioning block 10 and is used for compressing and positioning the vehicle door inner plate 4 so as to compress the position of a welding line to be welded on the positioning block 10; the pressing mechanism 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 11 of the outer plate positioning tool 1 and is used for pressing the inner plate positioning tool 2 so as to press the inner plate 4 and the outer plate 41 of the vehicle door; or unlocking the inner panel positioning tool 2 so that the inner panel positioning tool 2 and the welded assembly of the door inner panel 4 and the door outer panel 41 can be taken out.
According to the invention, the positioning block 10 corresponding to the weld joint to be welded is arranged on the outer plate positioning tool 1, the air groove 101 is formed in the positioning block 10, and when the vehicle door outer plate 41 is arranged on the positioning block 10, the notch of the air groove 101 covers the weld joint to be welded, and the protective gas is introduced into the air groove 101, so that the protective gas can prevent the appearance surface of the vehicle door outer plate 41 from being oxidized by isolating the lower surface of the vehicle door outer plate 41 where the weld joint is positioned from being contacted with oxygen in the air when the weld joint is welded, thereby realizing the direct protection of the appearance surface of the vehicle door outer plate 41. And, through setting up multiunit position adjustable briquetting 23 in interior board location frock 2, can realize effectively compressing tightly all welded position of the long welding seam of interior board, improve the welding quality of outward appearance face.
As shown in fig. 3, the laser welding areas of the door inner panel 4 and the door outer panel 41 are three areas of a, B, and C, which are continuous laser welds, and the total length is long.
Because the welding seam is a continuous laser welding seam during laser welding, the welding seam is longer, the temperature of the welding seam position is higher during laser welding, if the welding seam is in direct contact with air, oxidation can be formed on the welded plate, the oxidation layer can directly influence the appearance of the vehicle door on the external plate surface, and serious appearance quality problems can occur. Therefore, when the door is laser welded, the door outer panel 41 at that position must be weld-protected. In this embodiment, in the area a, the area B, and the area C, the positioning block 10 and the pressing block assembly are respectively and correspondingly disposed in the area a, where the positioning block 10 extends along the length direction of each area, the length direction of the air groove 101 formed in the positioning block 10 is consistent with the length direction of the positioning block 10, the shape of the upper surface of the positioning block 10 is consistent with the lower surface of the door outer plate 41 at the corresponding position of the weld to be welded, and the two are disposed in parallel, so that the upper surface of the positioning block 10 is attached to the lower surface of the door outer plate 41, when the lower surface of the door outer plate 41 is disposed on the positioning block 10, the door outer plate 41 covers the notch of the air groove 101, forms an air storage space with the air groove 101, and introduces protective gas into the air storage space to perform welding protection on the door outer plate 41. In this embodiment, the positioning block 10 is made of copper. The pressing block assemblies are correspondingly arranged above each positioning block 10, and the door inner plate 4 is pressed and positioned through the pressing block assemblies, so that all positions of welding seams can be effectively pressed in the range of a welding area.
As shown in fig. 4, each air tank 101 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 102, and the air inlets 102 are disposed at the end or side of the air tank, so as to facilitate introducing a protective gas into the air tank 101. The protective gas is inert gas, and oxygen at the welding line position of the outer plate is isolated by the inert gas, so that the outer plate 41 of the vehicle door cannot contact with the oxygen to form an oxide layer during laser welding, and the welding quality requirement of the outer plate 41 of the vehicle door is met. The inert gas may be argon.
The air tank 101 is further provided with an air outlet 103, the air outlet 103 is arranged in the length direction of the air tank 101 or in any proper direction corresponding to the air inlet, and a plug head is plugged on the air outlet 103. When the protective gas is introduced into the gas tank 101, the blocking head blocks the gas outlet 103.
The briquette assembly includes a plurality of compacts 23, any of which are adjustable in position. In order to ensure that each pressing block 23 can be completely attached to the inner door panel 4, and the position of any pressing block 23 can be adjusted according to the welding and debugging conditions of the vehicle parts, as shown in fig. 5, the pressing block 23 comprises a connecting block 231 and a pressing block 232, one end of the connecting block 231 is connected with the base 21, the other end of the connecting block 231 is connected with the pressing block 232, one or a plurality of first adjusting gaskets 233 arranged in a stacked manner are arranged between the connecting block 231 and the base 21, one or a plurality of second adjusting gaskets 234 arranged in a stacked manner are arranged between the connecting block 231 and the pressing block 232, and the stacking direction of the first adjusting gaskets 233 is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the second adjusting gaskets 234. The distance between the connecting block 231 and the base 21 can be adjusted by setting the number of the first adjusting gaskets 233, and the distance between the compressing block 232 and the connecting block 231 can be adjusted by setting the number of the second adjusting gaskets 234, so that the position of the compressing block 232 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be adjusted, the compressing force of the inner plate and the outer plate is ensured, and meanwhile, the overall processing difficulty and the debugging difficulty are reduced. In this embodiment, the connection block 231 is vertically arranged, the top of the connection block 231 is connected with the bottom surface of the base 21, and the first adjustment shims 233 are stacked in the vertical direction to adjust the vertical position of the connection block 231, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the compression block 232; the pressing blocks 232 are vertically arranged, the pressing blocks 232 are connected to the side surfaces of the connecting blocks 231, and the second adjusting gaskets 234 are stacked in the horizontal direction to adjust the horizontal positions of the pressing blocks 232.
In order to ensure the welding space of the laser head, the pressing block 23 needs to be bent to the direction far away from the welding seam to be welded as far as possible, so that the welding operation space of the laser head is reserved as far as possible, and the laser head is ensured to have a sufficient welding angle. Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the pressing block 232 includes a pressing portion 2321, a bending portion 2322 and a fixing portion 2323, the fixing portion 2323 is connected with the connecting block 231, the bending portion 2322 is connected between the fixing portion 2323 and the pressing portion 2321, the bending portion 2322 is obliquely arranged in a direction away from a weld seam to be welded, and a bottom surface of the pressing portion 2321 abuts against the door inner panel 4. It should be noted that the inclination of the bent portion 2322 of each pressing block 232 may be different. Further, according to the surface shape of the outer plate at the weld position, the pressing block 232 may not be provided with the bending portion 2322, and the pressing block 232 may be plate-shaped as a whole. The material of the pressing block 232 is different from that of the connecting block 231, and the specific form of each pressing block 23 is set according to the surface shape of the door outer plate 41 at the position of the welding seam, so that the pressing requirement of the welding seam can be met, the height difference of each pressing block 232 can be reduced as much as possible, and the overall cost of the pressing blocks 23 can be saved.
Considering that the requirements of laser welding on the positions and gaps among welded parts are high, when the continuous longer welding line is welded, the conventional inner plate single-pressing structure cannot meet the requirements of laser welding on the gaps among the parts. In order to meet the requirements of laser welding, the invention adopts a mode of compacting a plurality of pressing blocks 23 with small size.
As shown in fig. 6, the outer panel positioning tool 1 further includes a plurality of adsorption devices 12 fixed on the bottom plate 11, and adsorption surfaces of the adsorption devices 12 are respectively attached to the lower surface of the door outer panel 41, so as to adsorb and fix the door outer panel 41. The plurality of suction devices 12 are distributed on the bottom surface of the door outer panel 41 to provide an even suction force to the door outer panel 41. Note that, when the lower surface of the door outer panel 41 is inclined, the suction surface of the suction device 12 is inclined correspondingly, ensuring that the suction surface is fully adhered to the lower surface of the door outer panel 41.
The outer plate positioning tool 1 further comprises a positioning guide device 13 for accurately positioning the peripheral edge of the outer plate 41 of the vehicle door, the positioning guide device 13 is mounted on the bottom plate 11, and the positioning guide device 13 is provided with an abutting surface abutting against the outer edge of the outer plate 41 of the vehicle door. In the present embodiment, the contact surface is in the shape of an arc, and the positioning guide 13 is in line contact with the outer edge of the door outer panel 41, thereby improving the positioning accuracy. In this embodiment, the positioning guide devices 13 are correspondingly distributed on the four edges of the door outer panel 41, and the four edges of the door outer panel 41 are respectively positioned, so that the door outer panel 41 is accurately positioned in the outer panel positioning tool 1. It is to be noted that, in other embodiments, the door outer panel 41 may also be positioned by means of a positioning pin.
As shown in fig. 7, the clip assembly includes a plurality of clips 22, the clips 22 being fixed to the base 21, the clips 22 being for clipping the door inner panel 4, positioning and fixing the door inner panel 4 to the base 21. In this embodiment, the plurality of holders 22 are clamped at the inner edge of the door inner panel 4, the inner edge is an edge close to the center of the door inner panel 4, four holders 22 are respectively distributed at four vertex angle positions of the inner edge of the door inner panel 4, so as to form stable clamping to the door inner panel 4, and when the inner panel positioning fixture 2 is ensured to be transported, the position of the door inner panel 4 relative to the inner panel positioning fixture 2 is stable, and when the door inner panel 4 is further ensured to be combined on the door outer panel 41, the relative position of the door inner panel 4 and the door outer panel 41 is accurate.
As shown in fig. 6, the pressing mechanism 3 includes a plurality of pressing cylinders 31, one of a positioning hole and a positioning pin which are adapted to each other is provided on the pressing mechanism 3, and the other of the positioning hole and the positioning pin is provided on the base 21. Preferably, the central axes of the positioning holes 311 and the positioning pins 211 are perpendicular to the bottom plate 11. The positioning pins 211 on the base 21 are inserted into the positioning holes 311 of the pressing mechanism 3, or the positioning pins on the pressing mechanism 3 are inserted into the positioning holes on the base 21, so that the inner plate positioning tool 2 is accurately positioned on the outer plate positioning tool 1; by clamping the four pressing cylinders 31 at the four apex angle positions of the base 21, stable clamping of the base 21 can be achieved, and gaps are avoided between the positions to be welded of the door outer panel 41 and the door inner panel 4.
Note that, when the pressing cylinder 31 is clamped on the base 21, the pressing cylinder 31 applies pressure to the base 21, the base 21 applies pressure to the pressing blocks 23, and the door inner panel 4 and the door outer panel 41 are pressed by the respective pressing blocks 23.
As shown in fig. 6, the pressing mechanism 3 further includes a locker 32, where the locker 32 is configured to lock the inner plate positioning tool 2 on the outer plate positioning tool 1. The inner plate positioning tool 2 can be locked in an auxiliary manner through the locker 32, so that the phenomenon that the welding quality of the inner plate and the outer plate is affected because the inner plate 4 and the outer plate 41 cannot be completely pressed and attached when the air-break or the failure of the pressing air cylinder 31 occurs is avoided.
As shown in fig. 7, the base 21 has a frame structure. When the inner plate positioning tool 2 is used for mounting an inner plate, the inner plate positioning tool 2 and the inner plate clamped by the inner plate positioning tool can be placed on the outer plate positioning tool in a plurality of modes such as lifting, robot grabbing and the like. For example, a plurality of lifting lugs matched with the lifting appliance can be arranged on the base 21, and the inner plate positioning tool 2 is integrally lifted to the upper part of the outer plate positioning tool 1 through the lifting appliance. Or set up the flange of being connected with the robot on base 21, the robot snatchs base 21 through flange, realizes getting of inner panel location frock 2 and puts.
The inner plate positioning tool 2 not only has the function of positioning and clamping the inner plate 4 of the vehicle door, but also has the function of taking and placing a piece. Specifically, at the time of fitting the door inner panel 4, the door inner panel 4 is held in place by the holder 22, and the door inner panel 4 is placed on the door outer panel 41. After the welding of the door inner plate 4 and the door outer plate 41 is completed, the inner plate positioning tool 2 is unlocked through the pressing mechanism 3, the adsorption device 12 is unlocked to adsorb and fix the door outer plate 41, at the moment, a welding assembly of the door inner plate 4 and the door outer plate 41 is clamped by the clamp 22 as a whole, and the welding assembly can be transported out of the outer plate positioning tool 1 through the inner plate positioning tool 2, so that the welding assembly is taken out.
The clamp for laser welding can be used for clamping and fixing the inner plate and the outer plate of the vehicle door and can also be used for clamping and fixing other vehicle body areas such as the inner plate and the outer plate of the fender. When the clamp for laser welding is used for clamping the vehicle body parts in the areas for welding, the positions of the positioning blocks and the pressing blocks are respectively determined according to the positions of the welding lines to be welded, for example, according to the specific shapes of the inner plate and the outer plate of the fender, the clamping assembly can be provided with two clamps, and the two clamps can be respectively arranged at the two edge positions of the inner plate of the fender, so that detailed description is omitted.
The invention also provides a laser welding workstation comprising a laser welding mechanism and a clamp for laser welding as described above. The laser welding mechanism is used for carrying out laser welding on welding seams of the inner plate and the outer plate, the specific structure of the laser welding mechanism is the prior art, and the invention is not repeated in detail.
It should be noted that other embodiments of the laser welding station of the present invention are substantially the same as the embodiments of the fixture for laser welding described above, and will not be described herein.
The invention also provides a laser welding method, which comprises the following steps:
placing the outer plate on an outer plate positioning tool, and adsorbing and fixing the outer plate through an adsorption device of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate is clamped by the clamping assembly of the inner plate positioning tool, and the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are transported to the upper part of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are placed on the outer plate positioning tool, so that the inner plate is combined with the outer plate;
compressing the inner plate positioning tool and the outer plate positioning tool through a compressing mechanism;
pressing the inner plate through a pressing block assembly;
introducing protective gas into a gas storage space formed by the outer plate and a gas groove of the outer plate positioning tool;
and welding the welding seams of the inner plate and the outer plate through a laser welding mechanism.
Further, the briquetting assembly includes a plurality of briquettes, compress tightly the inner panel through the briquetting assembly specifically includes: and adjusting the positions of the pressing blocks so that any pressing block is attached to the inner plate.
Through adjusting the position of a plurality of briquetting, can make every briquetting closely laminate with the inner panel, guarantee the clearance requirement of interior planking, guarantee that all welding positions of long laser welding seam all can effectively compress tightly, improve welding quality.
Further, the laser welding method further comprises a picking step. And after the inner plate positioning tool and the welding assembly piece are integrally transported out of the outer plate positioning tool, the welding assembly piece is taken out of the inner plate positioning tool. Or firstly taking out the inner plate positioning tool, and then taking out the welding assembly from the outer plate positioning tool.
The inner plate positioning tool 2 is used for clamping and fixing the inner plate, the outer plate positioning tool 1 is used for clamping and fixing the outer plate, and the pressing mechanism 3 is used for pressing the inner plate positioning tool 2 and the outer plate positioning tool 1, so that the welding seam positions of the inner plate and the outer plate are pressed and fixed through a plurality of pressing blocks 23 on the inner plate positioning tool 2. After the welding is finished, the welding assembly piece is extracted through the inner plate positioning tool 2, so that the tool can be saved, and the piece feeding and taking efficiency during welding can be improved.
It should be noted that, other embodiments of the laser welding method of the present invention are substantially the same as the embodiments of the fixture and the laser welding workstation for laser welding, and are not described herein.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A jig for laser welding for clamping an outer panel and an inner panel to be welded, comprising:
the outer plate positioning tool comprises a bottom plate and one or more positioning blocks, each positioning block is arranged in an extending mode along the length direction of a weld joint to be welded, an air groove is formed in each positioning block, an air inlet for introducing protective gas is formed in each air groove, the upper surface of each positioning block is attached to the lower surface of the outer plate, the lower surface of the outer plate covers the notch of each air groove, and an air storage space is formed between each air groove and each air groove;
the inner plate positioning tool comprises a base, a clamping assembly and a pressing block assembly, wherein the clamping assembly is arranged on the base and used for clamping the inner plate, and the pressing block assembly is arranged on the base and corresponds to the positioning block and is used for compressing and positioning the inner plate; the pressing block assembly comprises a plurality of pressing blocks, the pressing blocks are sequentially arranged along the length direction of a welding line to be welded, and the position of any pressing block can be adjusted;
the pressing block comprises a connecting block and a pressing block, one end of the connecting block is connected with the base, the other end of the connecting block is connected with the pressing block, the pressing block comprises a pressing part, a bending part and a fixing part, the fixing part is connected with the connecting block, the bending part is obliquely arranged in a direction away from a welding line to be welded, and the bottom surface of the pressing part is propped against the inner plate;
the compressing mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer plate positioning tool and used for compressing or unlocking the inner plate positioning tool.
2. The jig for laser welding according to claim 1, wherein each of the air grooves is provided with a plurality of the air inlets provided at an end or side of the air groove, respectively.
3. The fixture for laser welding according to claim 2, wherein the air groove is further provided with an air outlet.
4. The jig for laser welding according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of first shims arranged in a stacked manner are provided between the connection block and the base, and one or a plurality of second shims arranged in a stacked manner are provided between the compression block, and a stacking direction of the plurality of first shims is perpendicular to a stacking direction of the plurality of second shims.
5. The jig for laser welding according to claim 1, wherein the outer plate positioning tool further comprises a plurality of suction devices fixed on the bottom plate, suction surfaces of the plurality of suction devices respectively adhering to a lower surface of the outer plate to suction-fix the outer plate.
6. The fixture for laser welding according to claim 5, wherein the outer plate positioning fixture further comprises a positioning guide mounted on the bottom plate, the positioning guide having an abutment surface that abuts an outer edge of the outer plate.
7. The jig for laser welding according to claim 1, wherein the clamping assembly comprises a plurality of clamps for clamping the inner plate.
8. The fixture for laser welding according to claim 1, wherein the hold-down mechanism comprises a plurality of hold-down cylinders, one of the locating holes and the locating pins is provided on the hold-down mechanism, and the other of the locating holes and the locating pins is provided on the base.
9. The fixture for laser welding according to claim 8, wherein the hold-down mechanism further comprises a locker for locking the inner plate positioning tool to the outer plate positioning tool.
10. A laser welding station comprising a laser welding mechanism and a fixture for laser welding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A laser welding method employing the jig for laser welding according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
placing the outer plate on an outer plate positioning tool, and adsorbing and fixing the outer plate through an adsorption device of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate is clamped by the clamping assembly of the inner plate positioning tool, and the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are transported to the upper part of the outer plate positioning tool;
the inner plate positioning tool and the clamped inner plate are placed on the outer plate positioning tool, so that the inner plate is combined with the outer plate;
compressing the inner plate positioning tool and the outer plate positioning tool through a compressing mechanism;
pressing the inner plate through a pressing block assembly;
introducing protective gas into a gas storage space formed by the outer plate and a gas groove of the outer plate positioning tool;
welding the welding seams of the inner plate and the outer plate through a laser welding mechanism;
the briquetting subassembly includes a plurality of briquetting, compress tightly the inner panel through the briquetting subassembly specifically includes: and adjusting the positions of the pressing blocks so that any pressing block is attached to the inner plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210777327.4A CN115229408B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Clamp for laser welding, laser welding workstation and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210777327.4A CN115229408B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Clamp for laser welding, laser welding workstation and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115229408A CN115229408A (en) | 2022-10-25 |
| CN115229408B true CN115229408B (en) | 2023-06-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210777327.4A Active CN115229408B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Clamp for laser welding, laser welding workstation and method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115229408B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000043767A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-15 | Himu Kenkyusho:Kk | Manufacture of full-open gate type vehicle body, and its device |
| CN203265922U (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-11-06 | 常熟理工学院 | Clamp structure for laser welding magnesium alloy sheet |
| CN105397325A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-16 | 长春大正博凯汽车设备有限公司 | Vehicle body assembly as well as connection technology and connection device thereof |
| CN105522266A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-04-27 | 云南昆船第一机械有限公司 | Butt joint circular seam reverse side gas shielding device for barrel fusion welding |
| CN108465958B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-11-10 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Tool for laser welding of titanium semi-welded plate |
| CN211219274U (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-08-11 | 新台崎自动化设备(昆山)有限公司 | Leveling device on automobile door outer plate processing line |
| CN112975172B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2023-03-31 | 华工法利莱切焊系统工程有限公司 | Laser welding tool |
| CN113696118B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-03-31 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Vehicle door assembling tool |
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2022
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