CN115219917A - Lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and device - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115219917A CN115219917A CN202210727555.0A CN202210727555A CN115219917A CN 115219917 A CN115219917 A CN 115219917A CN 202210727555 A CN202210727555 A CN 202210727555A CN 115219917 A CN115219917 A CN 115219917A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and a device for a lithium ion battery, comprising a measurement cabin body; the sample battery is placed in the measuring cabin body, and the pressure sensor is tightly attached to the surface of the sample battery; the measuring cabin is internally provided with a battery anode and cathode interface and a smoke detector; the head part and the bottom part of the measuring cabin body are provided with a head part ejection device and a bottom part ejection device, and the head part ejection device and the bottom part ejection device are connected with the control unit; the heating plate is arranged in the measuring cabin body, and the temperature patch is arranged in the measuring cabin body and is connected with the control unit through a signal transmission lead. The device is used for testing multiple thermal safety characteristic parameters of the lithium ion battery, and further evaluates the safety state of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery detection, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and device for a lithium ion battery.
Background
With the deepening of the commercialization process of the lithium ion battery and the increasing of the consumer demand, the energy density of the lithium ion battery is gradually improved, the endurance mileage of the lithium ion battery is improved, and the charging time of the lithium ion battery is shortened in the field of electric vehicles. In recent years, because of the occurrence of many safety accidents of lithium ion batteries, property loss of consumers and even life safety are threatened, and the safety problem of the lithium ion batteries is widely concerned.
After the lithium ion battery is used for a period of time, because of the use environment, the use times and other reasons, the severity of the battery loss is often difficult to predict, so that a safety evaluation device is required to evaluate the safety state of the battery, and batteries of different types are subjected to safety state evaluation corresponding to different standards. In the application process of the lithium ion battery, the use and the health state of the lithium ion battery are mainly monitored by a battery management system, and no equipment can perform real-time safety evaluation on the battery. At present, after a lithium ion battery is used for a period of time, whether the lithium ion battery meets the standard of continuous use or not is judged mainly by monitoring the available capacity of the battery, and a device and a method for evaluating the safety state of the battery by sampling characteristic parameters of single batteries in a battery module are not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for simultaneously detecting and evaluating the safety status of a battery with various characteristic parameters of the battery. The invention detects the battery aiming at a plurality of safety characteristic parameters of the battery, analyzes the detected parameter data according to different standards, performs safety evaluation, performs a multi-aspect safety evaluation on the service battery, and has important value for the safety research of the service lithium ion battery.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation device comprises: surface pressure detection, charge-discharge cycle detection, battery temperature detection and smoke detection. And the device internal control unit is connected with each sensor. When the smoke detector monitors smoke, the control unit sends an ejection instruction and a test stopping instruction, the battery is ejected out of the cabin body, and all parameters stop testing.
The sample cell is placed in the measuring cabin, and the pressure sensor is tightly attached to the surface of the sample cell and connected with the control unit for measuring the surface pressure of the sample cell.
The measuring cabin is internally provided with a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface which are respectively connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the sample battery for charging and discharging and are connected with the control unit.
A smoke detector is further arranged in the measuring cabin body and connected with the control unit, smoke generated in the cabin body is monitored, a smoke signal is transmitted to the control unit, and then an ejection instruction is transmitted to the measuring cabin body, the bottom ejection device and the head ejection device through the control unit.
The bottom of the measuring cabin body is provided with a bottom ejection device and a head ejection device which are arranged under the sample battery and at the head, the bottom ejection device and the head ejection device are connected with the control unit, and when the control unit transmits an ejection instruction to the bottom ejection device and the head ejection device, the bottom ejection device can be started to eject the sample battery out, so that the sample is prevented from thermal runaway in the equipment, and the equipment is protected.
The device is internally provided with a control unit which is connected with each sensor transmission lead and used for receiving signals of the pressure sensor, the temperature patch, the battery charge-discharge cycle and the smoke detector. And when the smoke signal is received, transmitting an ejection instruction and a test stopping instruction, starting the emergency ejection device, and simultaneously stopping testing the battery.
The heating plate is arranged in the measuring cabin body and used for controlling the temperature of the measuring cabin body and simulating and researching the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures.
The measuring cabin body also comprises a head ejection device and an elastic heat-insulating material, the head ejection device is arranged at the head of the sample battery, and the elastic heat-insulating material is arranged on the head ejection device; the head ejection device is in signal connection with the smoke detector; when the smoke detector detects smoke, the smoke signal is transmitted to the control unit, the control unit transmits an ejection instruction, the emergency ejection device is started, and meanwhile, the battery is stopped from being tested. And starting the head ejection device, enabling the elastic heat-insulating material to contact the head of the sample battery, and ejecting the sample battery out of the measurement cabin.
The measuring cabin is internally provided with a temperature patch which is connected with the control unit through a signal transmission lead.
The observation window is positioned above the measurement cabin body, and the state of the sample battery arranged in the measurement cabin body is observed from the outside.
The device is externally provided with a temperature control key for controlling the heating plate and adjusting the temperature in the measuring cabin body so as to adjust the environmental temperature of the sample.
The device also comprises a display key, a pulley, a power key and a human-computer interaction interface, and the voltage, the pressure, the temperature and the smoke signal of the sample in the cabin body are displayed.
The device is used for multi-parameter testing of the lithium ion battery and further evaluating the safety state of the battery. Firstly, a sample battery is arranged on a test cabin body, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are connected, a temperature patch is connected, a pressure sensor is tightly attached to the upper surface of the sample battery, and a smoke detector is started. The heating temperature is controlled, the constant temperature of the measuring cabin is kept, the battery charging and discharging circulation is carried out at the temperature, various elements in the device respectively correspond to corresponding parameter tests, the battery surface expansion phenomenon is detected by a pressure sensor which is in contact with the upper surface of the sample battery, the battery self-heating phenomenon is detected by a temperature patch, and the battery generated gas is detected by a smoke detector. This patent passes through thermal stimulation and electro photoluminescence, tests lithium ion battery, reachs corresponding multinomial parameter, with data transmission to the control unit again, and the control unit is with signal transmission to human-computer interaction interface. And analyzing the safety state of the lithium ion battery, thereby evaluating the safety state of the battery.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries out safety evaluation on the lithium ion battery, and the equipment carries out a series of tests on the used battery and evaluates the safety of the battery according to the tested data.
2. The invention simulates and researches the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures and measures the surface temperature, charge-discharge cycle and surface pressure of the lithium ion battery. The surface temperature and the surface pressure of different parts of the battery at the temperature are detected by heating the battery, and a plurality of thermal safety characteristic parameters such as the temperature, the voltage, the surface pressure, smoke and the like of the battery at different temperatures are analyzed.
3. The invention can detect the surface temperature and the surface pressure of the battery during the charge-discharge cycle of the battery, and the battery is arranged on the test cabin body and is connected with the pressure sensor, the positive electrode interface, the negative electrode interface, the charge-discharge positive electrode, the charge-discharge negative electrode and the temperature paster. And carrying out charge-discharge circulation on the battery, and displaying a charge-discharge curve, a sample temperature and surface pressure on a human-computer interaction interface. The device can give consideration to a plurality of thermal safety characteristic parameters such as temperature, pressure, charge and discharge parameters, flue gas and the like at the same time, so that the safety state of the battery is analyzed and evaluated.
4. In the battery detection process, when the smoke detector detects smoke, the signal transmission wire transmits a smoke signal to the control unit, and the control unit transmits an ejection instruction to the actuator measurement cabin, the head ejection device and the bottom ejection device. The measuring cabin body is automatically popped out, then the bottom ejection device and the head ejection device are popped out together to eject the battery into the explosion-proof device, so that the battery is prevented from generating thermal runaway inside the device, and the device is effectively protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery testing chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the battery testing compartment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery testing cabin of the present invention.
The system comprises a measuring cabin body 1, an observation window 2, a temperature control key 3, a display key 4, a human-computer interaction interface 5, a control unit 6, a power supply key 7, a sample battery 8, a pressure sensor 9, a smoke detector 10, a positive electrode interface 11, a negative electrode interface 12, a bottom ejection device 13, a heating plate 14, a sliding rail 15, a head ejection device 16, an elastic heat-insulating material 17, a temperature patch 18 and a signal transmission lead 19.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is explained by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation device includes a measurement chamber 1,
the sample battery is placed in the measuring cabin 1, and the pressure sensor 9 is tightly attached to the surface of the sample battery and connected with the control unit 6 to measure the surface pressure of the sample battery.
The measurement cabin body 1 is internally provided with a charge and discharge anode 11 and a charge and discharge cathode 12 which are respectively connected with the charge and discharge anode and cathode of the sample battery and connected with the control unit 6.
A smoke detector 10 is also arranged in the measuring cabin body 1, and is used for monitoring smoke generated in the cabin body and transmitting the smoke to the control unit 6 for smoke alarm.
The bottom of the measuring cabin body 1 is provided with a bottom ejection device 13 which is arranged under the sample battery, the bottom ejection device 13 is in signal connection with the control unit 6, when the control unit 6 receives a smoke signal, an ejection instruction is transmitted to the bottom ejection device 13, the bottom ejection device 13 is started to eject the sample battery 8, the thermal runaway of the sample in the cabin body is prevented, and the equipment is protected.
The heating plate 14 is arranged in the measuring chamber 1 and is connected with the control unit 6. The device is used for controlling and measuring the temperature of the cabin body 1 and simulating and researching the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures.
The measuring cabin 1 further comprises a head ejection device 16 and an elastic heat-insulating material 17, the head ejection device 16 is installed at the head of the sample battery, and the elastic heat-insulating material 17 is arranged on the head ejection device 16; the head ejection device 16 is in signal connection with the control unit 6; when the control unit 6 transmits an ejection command, the head ejection device 16 is started, the elastic heat-insulating material 17 contacts the head of the sample battery, and the sample battery 8 is ejected out of the measuring cabin 1.
The measuring cabin 1 is internally provided with a temperature patch 18 which is connected with the control unit 6 through a signal transmission lead 19.
The device also comprises an observation window 2, wherein the observation window 2 is positioned above the measurement cabin body 1, and the state of the sample battery 8 in the measurement cabin body 1 can be observed from the outside.
The temperature control device also comprises a temperature control key 3 for controlling the heating plate 14 to adjust and measure the temperature in the cabin body 1, thereby simulating and researching the physicochemical characteristics of the battery at different temperatures.
The device also comprises a display key 4, a pulley 15, a power key 7 and a human-computer interaction interface 5, and the voltage, the pressure, the cabin temperature, the sample temperature and the smoke signal of the sample in the cabin are displayed.
The functions of the various components are:
measuring the cabin body 1, the first step of testing the battery, needing to draw out the measuring cabin body 1, putting the measured battery on the cabin body for fixing, connecting various patches and sensors, propelling the cabin body into equipment, and adjusting equipment parameters.
The observation window 2 is double explosion-proof glass, and the battery state in the cabin can be observed from the outside of the cabin through the glass.
The temperature control keys 3, two keys in total, are temperature raising and maintaining keys respectively, and the temperature of the test cabin body is adjusted through the keys, so that the physicochemical characteristics of the battery at different temperatures are simulated and researched.
The display keys 4 are respectively keys for voltage, pressure, temperature and smoke, and are used for switching images of the display screen, displaying the voltage, the pressure, the surface temperature and the gas generated by the battery of the sample in real time.
And the human-computer interaction interface 5 is used for displaying the voltage and the pressure of the sample in the cabin body, the temperature of the sample and a smoke alarm signal.
And the control unit 6 is connected with the measuring cabin 1, the pressure sensor 9, the smoke detector 10, the positive electrode interface 11, the negative electrode interface 12, the bottom ejection device 13, the heating plate 14, the head ejection device 16 and the signal transmission lead 19. For receiving signals from the pressure sensor 9, the smoke detector 10, the positive interface 11, the negative interface 12 and the signal transmission lead 19. And receiving the smoke signal of the smoke detector 10, and transmitting an ejection instruction to the measuring cabin 1, the bottom ejection device 13 and the head ejection device 16. Transmitting a stop command to the pressure sensor 9, the smoke detector 10, the positive interface 11, the negative interface 12 and the heating plate 14.
And a power key 7 for starting the power supply of the equipment.
And the pressure sensor 9 is tightly attached to the surface of the battery when the battery is placed on the cabin body, and is connected with the control unit 6 through a lead to measure the surface pressure of the battery at the temperature and the voltage.
The smoke detector 10 is used for measuring smoke generated in the cabin body and giving an alarm, when smoke is generated in the battery in the cabin body, the smoke detector transmits a smoke signal to the control unit 6, the control unit transmits an ejection instruction, the ejection device is started, and the battery is ejected, so that the purposes of protecting equipment from being damaged and protecting the integrity of the equipment are achieved.
And the positive electrode interface 11 is connected with the positive electrode of the sample battery.
And a negative electrode interface 12 connected to the negative electrode of the sample cell.
And the bottom ejection device 13 is arranged right below the sample battery, transmits a smoke signal to the control unit 6 when the smoke detector detects that characteristic gas is generated in the cabin, starts up the ejection device, and ejects the sample battery and the pressure sensor 7 tightly attached to the top of the ejection device together to protect equipment.
And the heating plate 14 is used for controlling and measuring the temperature of the cabin body 1 and simulating and researching the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures.
And the sliding rails 15 are used for helping to measure the movement of the cabin body 1.
A head ejection device 16 and an elastic heat-insulating material 17, when the control unit 6 transmits an ejection command, the head ejection device is started, the elastic heat-insulating material contacts the head of the battery, and the sample battery is ejected out of the measuring cabin 1.
And a temperature patch 18 for measuring the surface temperature of the sample cell.
And a signal transmission lead 19 for transmitting a temperature signal of the surface of the sample cell.
Claims (3)
1. A lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation device is characterized by comprising a measurement cabin body (1);
the sample battery (8) is arranged in the measuring cabin body (1), the pressure sensor (9) is tightly attached to the surface of the sample battery, and pressure signals are transmitted through a lead to measure the surface pressure of the sample battery;
a positive electrode interface (11) and a negative electrode interface (12) are arranged in the measuring cabin body (1), are respectively connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the sample battery for charging and discharging, and are connected with the control unit (6);
a smoke detector (10) is also arranged in the measuring cabin body (1), smoke generated in the cabin body is monitored, a smoke signal is transmitted to the control unit (6), and then an emergency ejection and test stopping instruction is transmitted by the control unit (6) to realize an alarm function;
the bottom of the measuring cabin body (1) is provided with a bottom ejection device (13) which is arranged right below the sample battery, and the bottom ejection device (13) is connected with the control unit (6); when the smoke detector (10) detects smoke, a smoke signal is transmitted to the control unit (6), and the control unit (6) transmits an ejection instruction;
a heating plate (14) is arranged in the measuring cabin body (1), is connected with the control unit (6) and is used for controlling the temperature of the measuring cabin body (1) and simulating and researching the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures;
a temperature patch (18) arranged in the measuring cabin body (1) is connected with the control unit (6) through a signal transmission lead (19);
the control unit (6) is connected with the human-computer interaction interface (5), after receiving smoke signals, an emergency ejection and test stopping instruction is transmitted, all parameters are stopped to be tested, the measurement cabin body (1) is ejected, the bottom ejection device (13) is started, the head ejection device (16) is started, and the sample battery (8) is ejected out of the device.
2. The lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement cabin (1) further comprises a head ejection device (16) and an elastic heat-insulating material (17), the head ejection device (16) is mounted at the head of the sample battery, and the elastic heat-insulating material (17) is arranged on the head ejection device (16); the head ejection device (16) is in signal connection with the control unit (6); the smoke detector (10) monitors smoke and sends a smoke signal to the control unit (6), the control unit (6) sends an ejection instruction to the ejection device, the head ejection device (16) is started, the elastic heat-insulating material (17) contacts the head of the sample battery, and the sample battery is ejected out of the measurement cabin body (1).
3. The lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation device according to claim 1, further comprising an observation window (2), wherein the observation window (2) is located above the measurement chamber body (1) to observe the state of the sample battery (8) in the measurement chamber body (1) from the outside;
the temperature control button (3) is used for controlling the heating plate (14), adjusting and measuring the temperature in the cabin body (1) and simulating and researching the physical and chemical properties of the battery at different temperatures;
the device also comprises a display key (4), a pulley (15), a power key (7) and a human-computer interaction interface (5), and the voltage, the pressure, the cabin body temperature, the sample battery temperature and the smoke signal of the sample in the cabin body are displayed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210727555.0A CN115219917A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | Lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and device |
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| CN202210727555.0A CN115219917A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | Lithium ion battery multi-parameter detection and safety state evaluation method and device |
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