CN115218862A - Shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and monitoring method based on total station - Google Patents
Shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and monitoring method based on total station Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and a monitoring method based on a total station, which comprises the following steps: the total station is arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame and is in control connection with an industrial personal computer of the shield; install first prism and second prism at the top of the interior anchor ring on the section of jurisdiction ring at total powerstation rear, first prism and second prism are located two ring canal section rings respectively and stagger the setting, in the shield tunnelling process, survey first prism and second prism respectively through the total powerstation in order to obtain the current position coordinate of total powerstation, the total powerstation surveys the current check point of assembling ring and a plurality of section of jurisdiction ring behind the current ring of assembling respectively at the current position, in order to obtain the current actual coordinate of assembling ring and a plurality of check point behind the current ring of assembling, along with the shield tunnelling and obtain a plurality of groups actual coordinate with the settlement information of the section of jurisdiction ring that the calculation corresponds to obtaining the check point, need not the manpower and detect the section of jurisdiction ring from ring to ring, manpower and time have been saved, monitoring efficiency has been improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and a shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring method based on a total station.
Background
With the development and construction of cities, shield construction becomes a common construction method in municipal engineering construction, the monitoring of the tube piece settlement of a shield machine in the construction period is used as one of key technologies of shield construction, referring to fig. 1, the common tube piece settlement monitoring method is manual precise leveling, two operators are needed, one operator is needed for a leveling instrument 11, and one operator is needed for a leveling rod 12. During operation, two persons guide and measure the height of a leveling point of a stable area in a tunnel to a temporary leveling point 13 near an operation surface along a fixed leveling route, so that the elevation of a sight line of a leveling instrument 11 is temporarily connected into an engineering elevation system, an operator of the leveling rod 12 places the leveling rod 12 at the front edge center of the bottom of a pipe piece in a ring-by-ring mode to observe and record the height of the sight line for the operator of the leveling instrument 11, the operator of the leveling instrument 11 arranges and calculates observation records after observation is finished, and the settlement of the pipe piece is obtained by comparing the observation records with the previous observation records. However, this method is labor and time consuming and inefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and a monitoring method based on a total station, so as to solve the problems that the existing manual precise leveling mode consumes manpower and time, and the monitoring efficiency is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on a total station, the monitoring system is arranged on a frame of a shield tail of a shield, and the monitoring system comprises:
the total station is arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame and is in control connection with the industrial personal computer of the shield; and
the total station is used for observing the first prism and the second prism respectively to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station, the total station respectively observes the current assembly ring and a plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and a plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring, and obtains a plurality of groups of actual coordinates along with the shield tunneling to calculate and obtain the settlement information of the pipe sheet ring corresponding to the detection points.
The total station is arranged on the frame at the tail of the shield, the first prism and the second prism are arranged on the segment rings for observation of the total station, so that the current position coordinates of the total station can be obtained in the tunneling process of the shield, the shield stops tunneling, the total station stays at the current position and respectively observes the detection points of a plurality of segment rings to be aligned, the actual coordinates of the detection points can be obtained, the actual coordinates of the detection points on the segment rings at a plurality of time points can be obtained along with the tunneling of the shield, the settlement information of the segment rings corresponding to the detection points can be calculated and obtained, the settlement condition of the segment rings can be automatically obtained in the tunneling process of the shield, the segment rings are not required to be detected by manpower, the manpower and the time are greatly saved, and the monitoring efficiency is improved.
The shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system further comprises an automatic leveling base arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame, and the total station is arranged on the automatic leveling base.
The invention also provides a monitoring method using the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station, which comprises the following steps:
in the tunneling process of the shield, the total station respectively observes the first prism and the second prism to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station, the shield stops tunneling forwards, the total station respectively observes the current assembly ring and detection points of a plurality of segment rings behind the current assembly ring at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and the detection points behind the current assembly ring, the shield continues tunneling forwards, the steps are repeated until the assembly construction of all the segment rings is completed and a plurality of groups of actual coordinates are obtained, and the settlement information of the segment rings corresponding to the detection points is obtained through calculation;
and before the total station can not observe the first prism and the second prism, stopping forward tunneling of the shield, and installing a new first prism and a new second prism on a pipe sheet ring in the observation range of the total station.
The monitoring method of the automatic shield construction segment settlement monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that when the current position coordinate of the total station is obtained, whether the current shield position moves relative to the position of the shield position observed by the total station at the last time is judged;
if the shield moves, the total station observes the first prism to measure the detection distance from the total station to the first prism, and calculates the current position coordinate of the total station by combining the position coordinate of the total station when the shield is static last time, the last static distance from the total station to the first prism, and the difference value of the elongation of the jack when the shield is static this time and last time;
and if the shield does not move, the total station respectively observes the first prism and the second prism to measure the current position coordinate of the total station.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that a three-dimensional coordinate system of the shield tunnel is established by taking a design axis of a construction propulsion direction of the shield tunnel as an x axis, a line which is perpendicular to the x axis and is positioned in a horizontal plane as a y axis and a line which is perpendicular to the y axis and is positioned in a vertical plane as a z axis;
coordinate A (X) A ，Y A ，Z A ) As the position coordinates of the first prism, coordinate B (X) B ，Y B ，Z B ) As the position coordinate of the second prism, coordinate C (X) C ，Y C ，Z C ) Position coordinates of the total station at the last shield standstill, coordinate E (X) E ，Y E ，Z E ) Connecting AB, AC, BC, AE and CE for the position coordinate of the total station during the detection, and calculating the current position coordinate E (X) of the total station according to the following formula E ，Y E ，Z E )：
AC＝D 1 ，AE＝D 2 ，CE＝△L；
D 1 2 +△L 2 －D 2 2 ＝2D 1 △L*∠ACE；
α AC ＝arctan[(Y C －Y A )/(X C －X A )]；
α CE ＝α AC +∠ACE－180°；
X E ＝X C +△X CE ＝X C +△L*cos(α CE )；
Y E ＝Y C +△Y CE ＝Y C +△L*sin(α CE )；
Wherein D is 1 The last static distance from the total station to the first prism when the shield is static last time, D 2 The distance between the total station and the first prism is detected, delta L is the difference value of the elongation of the jack between the detection and the last shield rest, and alpha AC Is the azimuth angle of AC, α CE Is the azimuth angle, Δ X, of CE CE Is the amount of horizontal displacement in the horizontal direction from coordinate C to coordinate E, deltaY CE Is the vertical displacement amount of the coordinates C to E in the vertical direction.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that a new first prism and a new second prism are installed in a shield static state, and the total station is controlled to respectively observe the new first prism and the new second prism so as to measure the position coordinate of the total station in the current static state and the first static distance from the total station to the new first prism.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that when actual coordinates of detection points on the assembling ring and the segment ring are obtained, an azimuth angle and a zenith distance from the total station to the corresponding reference point are calculated according to design coordinates of the reference points on the assembling ring and the segment ring and current position coordinates of the total station, and the total station sequentially observes the corresponding assembling ring and the segment ring according to the azimuth angle and the zenith distance so as to measure the actual coordinates of the detection points.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that the collimation point is the middle point on the inner annular surface of the segment ring close to one side edge of the shield.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that detection time is set, and actual coordinates of a plurality of detection points are obtained at intervals of the detection time.
The monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station is further improved in that an automatic leveling base is provided, the automatic leveling base is arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame, and the total station is arranged on the automatic leveling base;
in the tunneling process of the shield, when the total station is not in a horizontal state, the automatic leveling base can automatically adjust the total station to be in a horizontal state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional manual precision leveling measurement.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic monitoring system for duct piece settlement in shield construction based on a total station.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship among the first prism, the second prism, the current total station and the total station at the last standstill in the monitoring method of the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station.
Description of the symbols: level 11, levelling rod 12, interim levelling point 13, frame 20, first prism 30, second prism 40, section of jurisdiction ring 50, total powerstation 60, automatic ann's flat base 70, industrial computer 80.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a total station-based shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system and a monitoring method, which are used for automatically monitoring settlement conditions of segment rings in a shield construction process. According to the invention, the actual coordinates of the detection points on the segment rings at a plurality of time points can be obtained along with the shield tunneling, so that the settlement information of the segment rings corresponding to the detection points can be calculated and obtained, the settlement condition of the segment rings can be automatically obtained in the shield tunneling process, the segment rings are not required to be detected from ring to ring by manpower, the manpower and the time are greatly saved, and the monitoring efficiency is improved.
The automatic monitoring system and the monitoring method for the duct piece settlement in the shield construction based on the total station are explained by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, a shield constructs construction section of jurisdiction settlement automatic monitoring system based on total powerstation, monitoring system installs on the frame 20 of shield tail, and monitoring system includes: the total station 60 is arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame 20, and the total station 60 is in control connection with an industrial computer 80 of the shield; the total station 60 is used for observing the first prism 30 and the second prism 40 respectively to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station 60, the total station 60 is used for observing the current assembly ring and the detection points of the plurality of tube sheet rings 50 behind the current assembly ring respectively at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and the plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring, and the settlement information of the tube sheet rings 50 corresponding to the detection points is obtained by calculating and obtaining a plurality of groups of actual coordinates along with the shield tunneling.
In the present embodiment, the monitoring system is capable of acquiring real-time three-dimensional positioning and orientation information of total station 60 by observing first prism 30 and second prism 40 with total station 60. The total station 60 observes the detection points of the plurality of pipe sheet rings 50 to be aligned at the current position according to the real-time three-dimensional positioning and orientation information respectively to obtain the actual coordinates of the plurality of detection points to be aligned, so that the settlement information of the pipe sheet rings 50 is automatically obtained in the shield construction process.
Further, the monitoring system further includes an automatic leveling base 70 installed on the top surface of the head of the carriage 20, and the total station 60 is installed on the automatic leveling base 70. A real-time, substantially horizontal working environment is provided for total station 60 by automatic leveling base 70 so that the amount of tilt of total station 60 is always within the compensation range of the airborne dual-axis compensator.
In a preferred embodiment, the hardware of the invention comprises a total station 60, an automatic leveling base 70, a circular prism, an industrial personal computer 80, a display device, a connecting line between the total station 60 and the industrial personal computer 80, a connecting line between the industrial personal computer 80 and the display device, power supply equipment and the like, the software comprises integrated software for acquiring, processing, analyzing and displaying the segment settlement data carried on the industrial personal computer 80, and the total station 60 does not contain airborne software. The hardware connection condition is as follows, first circular prism 30 and second circular prism 40 settle behind frame 20 that the shield is tunneled reverse and do not connect with any other hardware, power supply unit passes through the cable and supplies power for total powerstation 60, automatic anping base 70, industrial computer 80 and display device, total powerstation 60 settles on fixing the automatic anping base 70 at frame 20 top, total powerstation 60 is connected through the connecting wire and is realized instruction and data interaction with industrial computer 80, industrial computer 80 is connected through the connecting wire and is realized the visual of section of jurisdiction settlement observation result with display device.
The monitoring process of the automatic monitoring system for shield construction segment settlement based on the total station 60 is described below.
And establishing connection between the segment settlement data acquisition, processing, analysis and display integrated software and a current shield machine real-time database, and realizing real-time acquisition of data such as the ring number, the cut mileage, the jack stroke, the shield machine mechanical dimension and the like of the segment ring 50.
In the integrated software for acquiring, processing, analyzing and displaying the segment settlement data, a tunnel design axis and a segment inner diameter are recorded, and the initial operation time and the monitoring time interval of the system are manually set. The three-dimensional coordinates of the first circular prism 30 and the second circular prism 40 in the engineering coordinate system are manually measured. And observing the first circular prism 30 and the second circular prism 40 in a static state of the measuring station, and calculating to obtain initial three-dimensional positioning and orientation information of the total station 60.
A first circular prism 30 and a second circular prism 40 are disposed behind the shield tunneling reversed carriage 20, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the prism centers in the engineering coordinate system are known. And triggering an observation period when the system primary operation time or the monitoring time interval is reached.
Judging the motion state of the shield before preparing the first observation, observing the first circular prism 30 if the shield machine is in the motion state, recording the stroke of a jack at the current observation moment, calculating the current position coordinate of the total station 60 by using a dynamic back intersection algorithm, and observing the first circular prism 30 if the shield machine is in the static state, and recording the stroke of the jack at the current observation moment.
And judging the motion state of the shield before the second observation, observing the first circular prism 30 if the shield machine is in the motion state, recording the stroke of a jack at the current observation moment, and calculating the current position coordinate of the total station 60 by using a dynamic back intersection algorithm. And if the shield machine is in a static state, observing the second circular prism 40, and calculating the current position coordinate of the total station 60 by using a static back intersection algorithm.
Thus, the real-time acquisition of the three-dimensional positioning and orientation information of the total station 60 under various conditions is realized.
Information such as tunnel design axis and segment inner diameter is stored in the industrial personal computer 80 in advance, connection between integrated software and a current shield machine real-time database is processed, analyzed and displayed through segment settlement data, design coordinates of an aiming point of the segment ring 50 are calculated and stored according to cut mileage, the segment ring number 50, a jack stroke and shield machine size, and the aiming point is a middle point on the inner annular surface of the segment ring 50, close to one side edge of a shield machine.
After the total station 60 acquires the real-time three-dimensional positioning and orientation information, according to the current time coordinate of the total station 60, the current assembly ring and the design coordinates of the collimation points of the plurality of segment rings 50 behind the current assembly ring, the azimuth angle and the zenith distance between the total station 60 and the corresponding collimation points of the segment rings 50 are calculated.
According to the azimuth angle and the zenith distance, the industrial personal computer 80 controls the total station 60 to observe the assembly ring and the tube piece ring 50 in the range of the 15 rings behind the assembly ring, records and stores the ring number of the tube piece ring 50, the observation period and the actual coordinates of the detection points observed by the total station 60, the position point of the laser irradiation of the total station 60 on the tube piece ring 50 is the detection point, the measured three-dimensional coordinates of the detection point are stored in the industrial personal computer 80 for subsequent data analysis, and the first observation period is ended.
And starting the next observation period after the time interval meets the preset condition of the built-in software of the industrial personal computer 80. The software drives the total station 60 again to observe the first circular prism 30 and the second circular prism 40 according to actual conditions, and the total station 60 real-time three-dimensional positioning and orientation information is calculated through a static or dynamic back intersection algorithm. And calculating the azimuth angle and zenith distance between the total station 60 and the corresponding sighting point of the segment ring 50, then driving the total station 60 to observe the assembly ring and the segment ring 50 in the 15-ring range behind the assembly ring, and storing the measured three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points on each ring 50 into the industrial personal computer 80 for subsequent data analysis and use until the next observation period is finished.
And (3) acquiring, processing, analyzing and displaying integrated software by the segment settlement data, reading data in an observation data table of the industrial personal computer 80, and analyzing and displaying the settlement condition of each ring pipe segment ring according to the ring number and the observation period of the segment ring 50. The single settlement variation and the accumulated settlement variation of each ring can be analyzed and displayed when two or more observation periods are completed.
The invention also provides a monitoring method using the shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system based on the total station 60, which comprises the following steps:
s101: in the tunneling process of the shield, the total station 60 respectively observes the first prism 30 and the second prism 40 to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station 60, the shield stops tunneling forwards, the total station 60 respectively observes the current assembly ring and detection points of the plurality of segment rings 50 behind the current assembly ring at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and the plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring, the shield continues tunneling forwards, the steps are repeated until the assembly construction of all the segment rings 50 is completed and a plurality of groups of actual coordinates are obtained, so that the settlement information of the segment rings 50 corresponding to the detection points is obtained through calculation;
s102: before the total station 60 can not observe the first prism 30 and the second prism 40, the shield stops advancing, and a new first prism 30 and a new second prism 40 are installed on the pipe sheet ring 50 in the observation range of the total station 60.
In a specific embodiment, when acquiring the current position coordinate of total station 60, determining whether the current shield position moves relative to the position at the last observation of total station 60;
if the shield moves, the total station 60 observes the first prism 30 to measure the detection distance from the total station 60 to the first prism 30, and calculates the current position coordinate of the total station 60 by combining the position coordinate of the total station 60 when the shield is at rest, the last rest distance from the total station 60 to the first prism 30 and the difference value of the elongation of the jack when the shield is at rest and the last shield is at rest;
if the shield does not move, total station 60 observes first prism 30 and second prism 40, respectively, to measure the current position coordinates of total station 60.
Further, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system of the shield tunnel by taking a design axis of the construction propulsion direction of the shield tunnel as an x axis, a line which is perpendicular to the x axis and is positioned in a horizontal plane as a y axis, and a line which is perpendicular to the y axis and is positioned in a vertical plane as a z axis;
coordinate A (X) A ，Y A ，Z A ) Is the position coordinate of the first prism 30, coordinate B (X) B ，Y B ，Z B ) Is the position coordinate of the second prism 40, coordinate C (X) C ，Y C ，Z C ) Is the position coordinate of total station 60 at the last shield rest, coordinate E (X) E ，Y E ，Z E ) For the position coordinates of total station 60 at this time of detection, connecting lines AB, AC, BC, AE, CE are made, and the current position coordinates E (X) of total station 60 are calculated according to the following formula E ，Y E ，Z E )：
AC＝D 1 ，AE＝D 2 ，CE＝△L；
D 1 2 +△L 2 －D 2 2 ＝2D 1 △L*∠ACE；
α AC ＝arctan[(Y C －Y A )/(X C －X A )]；
α CE ＝α AC +∠ACE－180°；
X E ＝X C +△X CE ＝X C +△L*cos(α CE )；
Y E ＝Y C +△Y CE ＝Y C +△L*sin(α CE )；
Wherein D is 1 The last rest distance, D, from total station 60 to first prism 30 when the shield was last stationary 2 The distance between the total station 60 and the first prism 30 is detected, deltaL is the difference value of the elongation of the jack between the detection and the last shield rest, and alpha AC Is the azimuth angle of AC, α CE Is the azimuth angle, Δ X, of CE CE Is the amount of horizontal displacement in the horizontal direction, Δ Y, from coordinate C to coordinate E CE Is the vertical displacement amount of the coordinates C to E in the vertical direction.
Further, new first prism 30 and second prism 40 are installed in the shield stationary state, and total station 60 is controlled to observe new first prism 30 and second prism 40, respectively, to measure the position coordinates of total station 60 at the current stationary time, and the first stationary distance from total station 60 to new first prism 30.
In a specific embodiment, when actual coordinates of detection points on the assembly ring and the segment ring 50 are obtained, an azimuth angle and a zenith distance from the total station 60 to the corresponding alignment point are calculated according to design coordinates of the alignment points on the assembly ring and the segment ring 50 and current position coordinates of the total station 60, and the total station 60 sequentially observes the corresponding assembly ring and the segment ring 50 according to the azimuth angle and the zenith distance to measure the actual coordinates of the detection points.
Further, the collimation point is the midpoint of the inner annular surface of the segment ring 50 close to one side of the shield.
In the shield tunneling process, the industrial personal computer 80 can calculate and obtain the design coordinate of the center of the segment ring 50, the design coordinate of the center of the segment ring 50 is the position coordinate of the center of the segment ring 50 when the segment ring 50 does not subside, the design coordinate of the collimation point on the segment ring 50 is further calculated, and the design coordinate of the collimation point is the position coordinate of the collimation point when the segment ring 50 does not subside. According to the position coordinates of the sighting points and the current position coordinates of the total station 60, the azimuth angle and the zenith distance from the total station 60 to the corresponding sighting points are calculated, the total station 60 observes the tube sheet ring 50 according to the azimuth angle and the zenith distance, the position, irradiated on the top surface of the inner annular surface of the tube sheet ring 50, of laser emitted by the total station 60 is a detection point on the tube sheet ring 50, if the tube sheet ring 50 is settled, the detection point on the tube sheet ring 50 can be shifted in two times of observation of the same tube sheet ring 50. However, because two adjacent ring segments are installed and connected through a connecting piece, the normal settlement of the segment ring 50 is small, the position offset of the detection points irradiated twice is small, and the segment ring 50 is large, and the top area approaches to the level, which means that the total station 60 irradiates the same segment ring 50 at the same position point at each time, i.e. the total station 60 observes the same detection point of the same segment ring 50 at each time, and the settlement information of the segment ring 50 corresponding to the detection point can be obtained according to the elevation values of the same detection point at different times.
Furthermore, the distance of the cut of the shield tunneling machine at the current observation time is L, the mechanical dimension from the cut to the root of the jack is S1, the current ring number of the shield tunneling machine is N, and the average elongation of a plurality of groups of jacks is L 1 If L is 1 More than zero and less than the average elongation value of the assembly space, the central mileage L of the N-1 th ring pipe piece N-1 ＝L-S 1 -L 1 If L is 1 The average elongation value of the assembly space is larger than the average elongation value, and the segment center mileage L of the Nth ring N ＝L-S 1 -L 1 。
Furthermore, according to the cut distance, the ring number of the tube sheet ring 50, the jack stroke and the shield machine size, the design coordinate of the collimation point of the tube sheet ring 50 is calculated and stored, wherein the collimation point is the middle point on the inner ring surface of the tube sheet ring 50 close to one side edge of the shield machine. The cut mileage is the mileage of the shield tip in the design line, and the segment center mileage is the mileage of the segment ring 50 in the tunnel design line near the midpoint on one side of the shield.
A design coordinate calculation method of an aiming point on a tube sheet ring 50 is characterized in that a DTA (delay tolerant amplifier) meter is used for interpolating according to mileage to obtain a central three-dimensional coordinate of the tube sheet ring 50, and then a correction constant is added according to a tube sheet design inner diameter and a Z value of the central three-dimensional coordinate of the tube sheet ring 50 to obtain a design coordinate of the aiming point on the tube sheet ring 50.
According to the calculation principle of the position relation between the center of the front edge of the top of the duct piece and the total station 60, the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the front edge of the top of the duct piece and the center of the total station 60 are known, the azimuth angle and the plane distance from the total station 60 to the center of the front edge of the top of the duct piece can be obtained through inverse calculation of the plane coordinates, and the zenith distance from the total station 60 to each measuring point can be obtained through inverse calculation of the plane distance and the mileage difference.
Furthermore, the detection time is set, and the actual coordinates of a plurality of detection points are obtained at every detection time.
Preferably, when the distance of the 2 or 3 grommet rings in front of the first prism 30 and the second prism 40 is not observed from the total station 60, a new installation work of the first prism 30 and the second prism 40 is performed. Because only when the total station is required to be incapable of observing the first prism 30 and the second prism 40, new first prisms and second prisms are installed, and the installation construction amount is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, an automatic leveling base 70 is provided, automatic leveling base 70 is mounted on the top surface of the head of carriage 20, and total station 60 is mounted above automatic leveling base 70;
during the tunneling process of the shield, when total station 60 is not in a horizontal state, automatic leveling base 70 can automatically adjust total station 60 to be in a horizontal state.
Preferably, the total station 60 observes the current assembly ring and the detection points of the 15 pipe sheet rings 50 behind the current assembly ring at the current position respectively to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and the 15 detection points behind the current assembly ring.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a technology combining a prism, an industrial personal computer 80, a total station 60 and the like, and mainly aims at solving the problem of settlement monitoring in the range from an assembly ring to the rear 15 rings of the assembly ring in the shield construction process. The monitoring system is flexible in design structure, can monitor the settlement of the ring-by-ring pipe pieces within the range from the assembly ring to the assembly ring rear 15 rings in real time, and the total station 60 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the frame 20, can automatically position and orient along with the propelling of the shield, automatically performs settlement observation according to set time, and ensures that the shield construction is smoothly performed.
It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, and other elements shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the practical limitations of the present invention, so they have no technical significance, and any structural modification, changes in proportion, or adjustments of sizes, without affecting the efficacy and achievable object of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a shield constructs construction section of jurisdiction settlement automatic monitoring system based on total powerstation, its characterized in that, monitoring system installs on the frame of shield tail, monitoring system includes:
the total station is arranged on the top surface of the head of the frame and is in control connection with the industrial personal computer of the shield; and
the total station is used for observing the first prism and the second prism respectively to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station, the total station is used for observing the current assembly ring and detection points of a plurality of tube sheet rings behind the current assembly ring respectively at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and a plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring, and the settlement information of the tube sheet rings corresponding to the detection points is obtained by obtaining a plurality of groups of actual coordinates along with the shield tunneling and calculating.
2. The total station-based shield construction segment sedimentation automatic monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising an automatic leveling base mounted on a top surface of the frame head, the total station being mounted on the automatic leveling base.
3. A monitoring method using the total station-based shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
in the tunneling process of a shield, the total station respectively observes the first prism and the second prism to obtain the current position coordinates of the total station, the shield stops tunneling forwards, the total station respectively observes the current assembly ring and detection points of a plurality of segment rings behind the current assembly ring at the current position to obtain the actual coordinates of the current assembly ring and a plurality of detection points behind the current assembly ring, the shield continues tunneling forwards, and the steps are repeated until the assembly construction of all the segment rings is completed and a plurality of groups of actual coordinates are obtained to calculate and obtain the settlement information of the segment rings corresponding to the detection points;
and before the total station can not observe the first prism and the second prism, stopping forward tunneling of the shield, and installing a new first prism and a new second prism on a pipe sheet ring in the observation range of the total station.
4. The monitoring method of a total station-based shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system of claim 3, wherein when acquiring the current position coordinates of said total station, it is determined whether the current shield position has moved relative to the position at the last observation by said total station;
if the shield moves, the total station observes the first prism to measure the detection distance from the total station to the first prism, and calculates the current position coordinate of the total station by combining the position coordinate of the total station when the shield is static last time, the last static distance from the total station to the first prism, and the difference value of the elongation of the jack when the shield is static this time and last time;
and if the shield does not move, the total station respectively observes the first prism and the second prism to measure the current position coordinate of the total station.
5. The monitoring method of the total station-based shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein a three-dimensional coordinate system of the shield tunnel is established with a design axis of a construction advancing direction of the shield tunnel as an x-axis, a line perpendicular to the x-axis and located in a horizontal plane as a y-axis, and a line perpendicular to the y-axis and located in a vertical plane as a z-axis;
coordinate A (X) A ，Y A ，Z A ) As the position coordinates of the first prism, coordinate B (X) B ，Y B ，Z B ) As the position coordinate of the second prism, coordinate C (X) C ，Y C ，Z C ) Position coordinates of the total station at the last shield standstill, coordinate E (X) E ，Y E ，Z E ) Connecting AB, AC, BC, AE and CE for the position coordinate of the total station during the detection, and calculating the current position coordinate E (X) of the total station according to the following formula E ，Y E ，Z E )：
AC＝D 1 ，AE＝D 2 ，CE＝△L；
D 1 2 +△L 2 －D 2 2 ＝2D 1 △L*∠ACE；
α AC ＝arctan[(Y C －Y A )/(X C －X A )]；
α CE ＝α AC +∠ACE－180°；
X E ＝X C +△X CE ＝X C +△L*cos(α CE )；
Y E ＝Y C +△Y CE ＝Y C +△L*sin(α CE )；
Wherein D is 1 The last static distance from the total station to the first prism when the shield is static last time, D 2 The distance between the total station and the first prism is detected, delta L is the difference value of the elongation of the jack between the current detection and the last static shield, and alpha AC Is the azimuth angle of AC, α CE Is the azimuth angle, Δ X, of CE CE As a coordinateAmount of horizontal shift in the horizontal direction of C to coordinate E,. DELTA.Y CE Is the vertical displacement amount of the coordinates C to E in the vertical direction.
6. The monitoring method of total station-based shield construction segment sedimentation automatic monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein a new first prism and a new second prism are installed in a shield static state, and the total station is controlled to observe the new first prism and the new second prism respectively to measure the position coordinates of the total station at the current static state and the first static spacing of the total station to the new first prism.
7. The monitoring method of the total station-based shield construction segment settlement automatic monitoring system of claim 3, wherein when acquiring actual coordinates of detection points on the assembly ring and the segment ring, an azimuth angle and a zenith distance from the total station to a corresponding sighting point are calculated according to design coordinates of a sighting point on the assembly ring and the segment ring and a current position coordinate of the total station, and the total station sequentially observes the corresponding assembly ring and the segment ring according to the azimuth angle and the zenith distance to measure the actual coordinates of the detection points.
8. The monitoring method of automatic total station-based shield construction segment settlement monitoring system of claim 7, wherein said aiming point is a midpoint on an inner annular surface of said segment ring near a side edge of said shield.
9. The monitoring method of automatic shield construction segment settlement monitoring system based on total station instrument as claimed in claim 3, wherein detection time is set, and actual coordinates of several of said detection points are obtained every detection time.
10. The monitoring method of a total station-based shield construction segment sedimentation automatic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein an automatic leveling base is provided, the automatic leveling base is mounted on a top surface of the frame head, the total station is mounted on the automatic leveling base;
in the tunneling process of the shield, when the total station is not in a horizontal state, the automatic leveling base can automatically adjust the total station to be in a horizontal state.
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