CN115218735B - Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter - Google Patents
Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115218735B CN115218735B CN202210903350.3A CN202210903350A CN115218735B CN 115218735 B CN115218735 B CN 115218735B CN 202210903350 A CN202210903350 A CN 202210903350A CN 115218735 B CN115218735 B CN 115218735B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blasting
- area
- holes
- hole
- blasting area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 228
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for solving the problem of getting rid of the stuck shield caused by eccentric wear of a cutter, which comprises the following steps: determining the number and positions of the empty face and the blasting areas; two openings are respectively formed on the left side and the right side of the side wall of the shield machine; determining a single cycle size, and carrying out hole distribution and drilling on the side wall position of the shield machine corresponding to the blasting area; blasting the side wall of the opening position, and cleaning slag stones to establish a temporary surface; determining hole distribution modes and blasting parameters of three blasting areas; blasting the first blasting area and the second blasting area, and cleaning slag stones; the third blasting area is blasted loose and is not cleaned; and (3) the shield machine is pushed in a trial mode, if the shield machine is unsuccessful, the drilling hole is deepened and blasting is performed again, and if the shield machine is successful, the shield machine is repaired after the hole is formed. The invention establishes a temporary face and provides a convenient transportation channel for subsequent blasting; the first blasting area and the second blasting area adopt a blasting mode of controlling blasting by small-step slitting, so that the operation is simple, the drilling is relatively quick, and the efficiency is improved; and the third blasting area is loose, so that the workload is reduced, and the manpower is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction of shield machines, and particularly relates to a method for solving the problem of escape of a blocked shield caused by eccentric wear of a cutter.
Background
The shield method is a fully mechanized construction method for modern tunnel construction, and the mechanical equipment mainly used is a shield machine. The shield tunneling machine is a tunnel tunneling machine using a shield tunneling method. The construction method of the shield is that the tunneling machine constructs (lays) a "shield" (which refers to a supporting segment) of a tunnel while tunneling, and is different from the open construction method. The basic working principle of the shield tunneling machine is that a cylindrical steel component excavates soil while pushing forward along the axis of a tunnel. The shell of the cylinder assembly, i.e. the shield, serves as a temporary support for the excavated, as yet unlined tunnel section, withstanding the pressure of the surrounding earth layer and sometimes also the groundwater pressure and keeping the groundwater out. The operations of digging, discharging soil, lining and the like are carried out under the shield of the shield.
The tunnel construction by using the shield method has the characteristics of high automation degree, labor saving, high construction speed, one-time hole forming, no influence of climate, controllable ground subsidence during excavation, reduced influence on ground buildings, no influence on ground traffic during underwater excavation and the like, and the construction by using the shield machine is more economical and reasonable under the conditions of longer tunnel line and larger buried depth. However, due to complicated geological conditions, excessive cutter abrasion, improper operation, no timing inspection of the shield machine and the like during tunneling, the shield machine is easy to be trapped during tunneling. When solving the trapped shield machine, a great deal of manpower is generally consumed, and the construction time is long; but also has a great influence on the surrounding environment.
The present invention has been made in view of this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a method for solving the problem of getting rid of the blocking shield caused by eccentric wear of a cutter. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the basic conception of the technical scheme that:
a method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter comprises the following steps:
determining the number and positions of a temporary face and a blasting area, wherein the temporary face comprises a first temporary face and a second temporary face, the blasting area comprises a first blasting area, a second blasting area and a third blasting area, the third blasting area is positioned under a shield tunneling machine, the arc length is 2.5m, the left side of the third blasting area is sequentially adjacent to the first temporary face and the first blasting area along the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine, the right side of the third blasting area is sequentially adjacent to the second blasting area and the second temporary face, the arc length of the first temporary face is 1.0m, and the arc lengths of the first blasting area, the second blasting area and the second temporary face are all 1.8m;
step two, performing blasting preparation on the first free surface and the second free surface, and cutting on the side wall of a front shield soil bin corresponding to the positions of the first free surface and the second free surface in the shield machine to form a first opening and a second opening; determining the single cycle size, distributing holes on the rock walls exposed by the first opening and the second opening, and drilling holes;
step three, determining hole distribution modes and blasting parameters of a blasting area, perforating on the side wall of the shield machine corresponding to the blasting area, and drilling on the rock wall at the perforating position, wherein the drilled holes are used as blasting charge holes;
fourthly, blasting the first and second empty faces, determining blasting parameters and blasting sequences of the rock wall, blasting and cleaning slag stones to form the first and second empty faces;
fifthly, blasting the first blasting area, and carrying out outward transport of blasted rock slag from a first empty face after the lower blasting; blasting loosening is carried out on the second blasting area, and the blasted rock slag is transported out of the second temporary surface at the upper part;
step six, after the slag stones on the two sides are cleaned, carrying out weak loosening blasting on a third blasting zone at the bottom of the shield machine;
step seven, performing trial pushing on the shield tunneling machine, and if the trial pushing is unsuccessful, performing step eight; if the trial pushing is successful, performing a step nine;
step eight, deepening the holes in the first blasting area, the second blasting area and the third blasting area, and blasting again;
and step nine, after the shield machine is out of order, the soil bin wall is not restored, and the shield machine is restored after the shield machine is out of the tunnel.
Further, the first opening is 1.8m in cutting arc length and 0.8m in width, the second opening is 1.0m in cutting arc length and 0.8m in width, the drilling tool adopts a YT-28 air gun and a TN52RE magnetic drilling machine, and the drill rod adopts 0.5m and 1.0m.
Further, the number of the second free surface, the first blasting area and the second blasting area is 17, the number of the holes is 1, the number of the holes is 4, the holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential distance of the holes by 0.2m, the number of the peripheral holes is 10, and the hole pitch is 0.45m.
Further, the number of the drilled holes of the first free surface is 13, the number of the holes is 1, the number of the undercut holes is 4, the circumferential distance of the holes is 0.2m, the number of the peripheral holes is 8, and the hole pitch is 0.4m or 0.5m.
Further, the third blasting area is provided with 22 drill holes, 6 undercut eyes, 2 auxiliary eyes and 14 peripheral holes.
Further, the blasting in the fourth step adopts a magnetic drill for perforating, and the diameter of the perforating is 40mm.
Further, the single-cycle footage excavation amount is 0.5m-1m, the hole arrangement adopts a mode of combining a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole, and the blasting sequence is the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole in sequence.
Furthermore, in the blasting, the energy-saving and environment-friendly hydraulic blasting technology is adopted for tunneling, and reverse uncoupled continuous charging is adopted.
Further, the blasting adopts a digital electronic detonator and an emulsified explosive with phi 32mm, and the middle part of the explosive is connected with the explosive package by a detonating cord.
Further, the first empty face, the second empty face, the first blasting area and the second blasting area all adopt blasting modes of small-step cut hole combined with smooth blasting, and the step height is 0.5m.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The side walls at the positions of the first opening and the second opening are subjected to preliminary blasting to form a temporary surface, so that a convenient transportation channel is provided for subsequent blasting; the first blasting area and the second blasting area adopt a blasting mode of controlling blasting by small-step slitting, so that the operation is simple, the drilling is relatively quick, and the efficiency is improved; and the third blasting area is loose, so that the workload is reduced, and the manpower is saved.
The invention adopts a mode of combining the slitting hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole on the hole distribution, flexibly adjusts according to different conditions, adopts a construction method of increasing the number of holes and reducing the single-hole dosage according to the principles of multi-hole drilling, less charge, short footage and weak blasting during blasting, so as to reduce blasting vibration, weaken the influence on peripheral buildings and further ensure the safety of construction sites.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples, from which other drawings can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without the inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front shield soil bin cut-out construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second blank face, first blast zone, second blast zone blast hole arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first temporary face blast hole arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a third burst zone blast hole arrangement of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first opening; 2. a second opening; 3. a first free surface; 4. a second free surface; 5. a first blast zone; 6. a second blast zone; 7. and a third burst area.
It should be noted that these drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept to those skilled in the art by referring to the specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step one, determining the number and positions of empty sides and blasted areas, wherein the empty sides comprise a first empty side 3 and a second empty side 4, the blasted areas comprise a first blasted area 5, a second blasted area 6 and a third blasted area 7, the third blasted area 7 is positioned right below a shield tunneling machine, the arc length is 2.5m, the left side of the third blasted area 7 is sequentially adjacent to the first empty side 3 and the first blasted area 5 along the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine, the right side of the third blasted area 7 is sequentially adjacent to the second blasted area 6 and the second empty side 4, the arc length of the first empty side 3 is 1.0m, and the arc lengths of the first blasted area 5, the second blasted area 6 and the second empty side 4 are all 1.8m;
step two, performing blasting preparation on the first empty face 3 and the second empty face 4, and cutting on the side wall of a front shield soil bin corresponding to the positions of the first empty face 3 and the second empty face 4 in the shield machine to form a first opening 1 and a second opening 2; determining the single cycle size, distributing holes on the rock walls exposed by the first opening 1 and the second opening 2, and drilling holes;
step three, the first and second free surfaces 3 and 4 are blasted, the blasting parameters and the blasting sequence of the rock wall are determined, and the blasting and the slag stone cleaning are carried out to form the first and second free surfaces 3 and 4;
step four, determining hole distribution modes and blasting parameters of a blasting area, perforating on the side wall of the shield machine corresponding to the blasting area, and drilling on the rock wall at the perforating position, wherein the drilled holes are used as blasting charge holes;
fifthly, blasting the first blasting area 5, and transporting the blasted rock slag from the first empty face 3 after the lower blasting; blasting loosening is carried out on the second blasting area 6, and rock slag is transported outwards from the second empty face 4 at the upper part after blasting;
step six, after the slag stones on the two sides are cleaned, carrying out weak loosening blasting on a third blasting zone 7 at the bottom of the shield machine;
step seven, performing trial pushing on the shield tunneling machine, and if the trial pushing is unsuccessful, performing step eight; if the trial pushing is successful, performing a step nine;
step eight, the first blasting area 5, the second blasting area 6 and the third blasting area 7 are drilled and deepened, and blasting is performed again;
and step nine, after the shield machine is out of order, the soil bin wall is not restored, and the shield machine is restored after the shield machine is out of the tunnel.
The second opening 2 is positioned on the center line of the soil bin on the right side of the front shield, the height is 1.8m, the tunneling direction is 0.8m, and the steel plate is widely cut, namely the size of the second opening 2 is 1.8x0.8m. The first opening 1 is positioned at the left lower side of the front shield, and is cut for 1.0m arc length and 0.8m width, namely the size of the first opening 1 is 1.0 multiplied by 0.8m; the first opening 1 and the second opening 2 cut the steel plate in order to provide a working surface for the drill blasting of the first free surface 3 and the second free surface 4. Drilling holes at the exposed rock positions after the first opening 1 and the second opening 2 are cut, determining blasting parameters, blasting, and transporting blasted slag stones out to form a first empty face 3 and a second empty face 4. The first empty face 3 and the second empty face 4 serve as a conveying passage of slag stones and simultaneously play a role of blasting empty faces.
Because the aperture area of the shield machine is smaller, safety of surrounding rocks is considered, the shield machine is protected, the shield machine adopts cut control blasting layering excavation, and cut blasting excavation is adopted on the first empty face 3, the second empty face 4, the first blasting area 5 and the second blasting area 6. The third blasting zone 7 adopts cut blasting to perform weak loosening control blasting excavation. During blasting construction, the blasting method is carried out according to the principles of 'multiple perforation, less charge, short length and weak blasting', a YT-28 rock drill is selected for perforation, the diameter of a blasthole is 40mm and the diameter of the blasthole is 32mm, emulsion explosive is measured in a monitoring mode, and meanwhile dynamic information of surrounding rock, a shield machine and peripheral pipelines is fed back in time so as to correct design and ensure construction safety. According to the well tunneling principle and the blasting vibration control requirement, hole distribution adopts a hole distribution mode of combining a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole, and blasting vibration is controlled by using detonators of different sections. And determining the single-cycle footage excavation quantity according to the stability degree of surrounding rock and the blasting vibration requirement, wherein smooth blasting is adopted by peripheral eyes of the temporary surface so as to control the excavation contour line, and determining blasting parameters of the smooth blasting and selection of initiating explosive devices. According to the difference of the firmness coefficients of the rock to be exploded, namely the hardness degree of the rock, the number of blastholes is determined, and the following formula is generally adopted to calculate the number of blastholes:
the formula:
wherein: n is the number of blast holes; k-parameter, at one free face, k=3.3; f, taking 10 as a rock firmness coefficient; s-well drift tunneling section area.
And calculating the number of the holes of the first free surface 3 and the second free surface 4 according to a formula. The construction process of increasing the number of holes and reducing the dosage of single holes is adopted to reduce the blasting vibration and weaken the influence on surrounding structures.
The first blasting area 5, the second blasting area 6 and the third blasting area 7 adopt magnetic drills to drill holes, the blasting adopts cut blasting, and the diameter of the holes is 40mm. Wherein, the drilling tool adopts YT-28 type air gun and TN52RE type magnetic force drilling machine, and the drilling rod adopts 0.5m, 1.0m. After hole distribution and drilling are carried out, acceptance of the blast holes is required, and charging and blocking of the blast holes are carried out after acceptance is completed; and then connecting a blasting network, and setting a warning line according to the blasting degree so as to ensure personal and property safety. And the detonation work can be performed after the priming is ready, and the digital electronic detonator priming and the electronic detonator priming modes are adopted for the detonation.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the selected parameters, the explosion test is carried out at the initial stage of the explosion, the implementation is carried out according to the site conditions, the hole distribution, the drilling, the design and the drug loading quantity and the like of the related parameters, and the related parameters are verified, optimized and adjusted according to the explosion test effect (stone block degree, flying stone and the like). Meanwhile, after the explosion, the site is required to be inspected, ventilation and smoke discharge are carried out after the explosion, waiting for no less than 15 minutes is carried out, after the safety condition of the working face is confirmed, inspection personnel can enter the working face to carry out post-explosion inspection work, and after the safety of the site is confirmed, no blind gun exists, and the alarm can be released.
The first empty face 3 and the second empty face 4 are both digital electronic detonators, and phi 32 emulsion explosive is selected in combination with the diameter of a blast hole and the waterproof requirement. The tunneling adopts an energy-saving and environment-friendly hydraulic blasting technology, and adopts reverse uncoupled continuous charging and charging flow steps in holes: firstly, a water bag is arranged at the bottom of a hole, then the calculated medicine amount is arranged, then the water bag is arranged (the length of the water bag is 1/2 of the length of the residual blockage, the length of the water bag is calculated by rounding), and finally the stemming is adopted to completely block the hole. The peripheral eye smooth blasting selects phi 32mm explosive roll emulsion explosive, uncoupled explosive is adopted, small explosive rolls are bound by bamboo chips to ensure the distance between explosive packages, uncoupled coefficients are improved, so that the optimal light blasting effect is achieved, and explosive packages are connected in series by detonating cords.
The first blasting area 5 and the second blasting area 6 are controlled to blast by adopting small-step slitting, namely, the step blasting design with smaller hole depth is adopted, so that the safety of construction operation is further ensured. The method selects an electronic detonator and phi 32mm emulsion explosive, adopts a reverse uncoupling continuous charging mode, and comprises the following charging processes: firstly, a water bag is arranged at the bottom of a hole, then the calculated medicine amount is arranged, then the water bag is arranged (the length of the water bag is 1/2 of the length of the residual blockage, the length of the water bag is calculated by rounding), and finally the stemming is adopted to completely block the hole. The first blasting area 5 automatically falls down to the first free surface 3 due to gravity after blasting, so that slag stones can be transported out from the first free surface 3. After the second blasting area 6 is blasted, the second free surface 4 is manually entered to clean the second blasting area 6 from slag stones because the second free surface 4 is blasted. The third blasting area 7 is loosened by blasting, and slag discharge is not needed.
When the digital electronic detonator is used for detonating, the maximum single-sound explosive quantity is strictly controlled, so that the blasting effect is ensured, and the influence of blasting vibration can be reduced. When the network connection is carried out on the digital electronic detonators, the number of detonators is not more than 20 per detonator, the detonators in the same section are used for detonating, and the detonators are used for initiating the detonations. And the electronic detonators are all used for the small-step slitting control blasting in view of the vibration reduction effect and the construction safety of the construction environment, and the delay time in the holes is Kong Jian, the delay interval is 20ms, and the single hole is single-sound. When connecting the network, the wire clamp needs to be compacted, so that good contact is ensured, and water inflow is prevented. The reasonable detonation sequence and detonation mode can control the flying stone throwing direction, reduce the flying stone harm effect and reduce the blasting vibration effect. The digital electronic detonator blasting network can be continuously optimized according to the test blasting result, and finally the optimal vibration reduction effect is achieved. After blasting, ventilation and smoke discharging are carried out, waiting is not less than 15 minutes, after the working face is confirmed to be provided with safety conditions, inspection personnel can enter the working face to carry out post-blasting inspection work, and after the site safety is confirmed, no blind gun is arranged, and the warning can be released. After the first blasting is completed, the shield machine is subjected to trial pushing, if the trial pushing is successful, the shield machine is stranded out, at the moment, the soil bin wall is not restored temporarily, and the shield machine is restored after the shield machine is discharged; if the trial pushing is unsuccessful, deepening the holes of the first blasting area 5, the second blasting area 6 and the third blasting area 7, sequentially blasting again, and performing trial pushing again after blasting cleaning until the shield tunneling machine is out of order.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to the present embodiment is further described with respect to other blasting parameters when the single-cycle feeding amount is 0.5m in the first embodiment. The hole distribution mode adopts a hole distribution mode combining a cut hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole, and the blasting vibration is controlled by using digital electronic detonators with different delays. Wherein, 4 undercut eyes are arranged along the periphery of the phi 40mm hollow hole at the distances of 200mm, 200mm and 200 mm.
The open areas of the second free surface 4, the first blasting area 5 and the second blasting area 6 are 1.8mx0.8m1.44 m 2 Obtaining 9 blast holes according to the number formula of the blast holes in the first embodiment; the open area of the first free surface 3 is 1m x 0.8m to 0.8m 2 The number of blastholes is 3 according to the number formula of blastholes in the first embodiment.
In order to reduce the single hole loading and reduce the explosion vibration hazard, the total number of blastholes of the first empty face 3, the first blasting zone 5 and the second blasting zone 6 is increased to 17. The blasting parameters of the first free surface 3, the first blasting area 5 and the second blasting area 6 are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 explosion parameters table of second free surface 4, first explosion zone 5, second explosion zone 6 footage 0.5m
The explosion hole is filled with a digital electronic detonator for detonation, and the maximum single-sound dose is controlled to be 0.3kg. As shown in fig. 2, hole patterns of the hole, the undercut hole, and the peripheral hole, and the sequential time of blasting are marked. The hole does not carry out the blasting, and the hole plays the effect that provides the direction for the blasting, provides the extrusion space for the rock blasting, can make the undercut hole blast depth deeper, ensures whole blasting footage. The hollow hole is positioned in the middle of the undercut eye and is positioned at the most middle position. The blast of the undercut eye is performed first and then the blast of the peripheral eye is performed according to the notation of fig. 2.
In order to reduce the single hole loading, reduce the blasting vibration harm, the total number of blastholes of the first free surface 3 is increased to 13. The blasting parameters of the first free surface 3 are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 first free face 3 footage 0.5m blasting parameter table
The explosion hole is filled with a digital electronic detonator for detonation, and the maximum single-sound dose is controlled to be 0.3kg. As shown in fig. 3, the specific hole arrangement pattern of the first free surface 3 and the time and sequence of blasting are marked. The hole is not blasted and is positioned in the middle of the undercut eye and is positioned at the most middle position. The blast of the undercut eye is performed first and then the blast of the peripheral eye is performed according to the notation of fig. 3.
The third blasting area 7 adopts small-step slitting control blasting, and the aperture D=40 mm and the step height H=0.5 m are taken. The holes are distributed as shown in fig. 4, and the wedge-shaped cutting is adopted, the cutting holes are arranged along the middle line, the inclination angle of the blasting holes of the cutting holes is 67 degrees, the pitch of the holes is 0.4m, the row spacing is 0.2m, the hole depth is 0.7m, and the hole bottom spacing is 0.2m; the peripheral holes are arranged along the periphery, and the depth of the peripheral holes is 0.6m; the auxiliary holes are arranged in the middle area of the peripheral hole and the undercut hole, and the hole depth is 0.7m. The blast parameters of the third blast zone 7 are shown in the following table:
table 3 blast parameter table of third blast zone 7
The small-step slitting control blasting uses an electronic detonator, the millisecond micro-delay is carried out in holes, the time difference is 25ms, the single hole is single-sound, and the maximum single-sound dosage is 0.3kg.
When blasting, the first blasting areas 5 are blasted from inside to outside in sequence, and automatically fall to the first empty face 3 under the action of gravity after blasting, so that slag stones can be transported out from the first empty face 3. Because the second empty face 4 is cleaned by the slag stones, the second blasting area 6 is blasted, and after the blasting is completed, the second empty face 4 is manually entered to clean the slag stones in the second blasting area 6.
The third blasting area 7 only needs to be blasted loose.
Example III
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter in the present embodiment, when the single-cycle feeding amount is 1m in the first embodiment, the blasting parameters of the first and second empty surfaces 3 and 4 are further described, the hole depth, the single Kong Yaoliang, and the total dosage are different from those in the second embodiment, and the other settings are the same. The first free surface 3, the first blasting area 5 and the second blasting area 6 are provided with blasting parameters as shown in the following table:
TABLE 4 second free surface 4, first shot zone 5, second shot zone 6 footage 1.0m blast parameter table
The blasting parameters of the second free surface 4 are shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 first free face 3 footage 1.0m blasting parameter table
The blasting parameters of the third blasted zone 7 are shown in the following table:
table 6 a third burst area 7 into a burst parameter table of 1.0
And when blasting, blasting is sequentially performed from inside to outside, and the excavation quantity of the single circulating rule is flexibly adjusted on the premise of ensuring construction safety according to different surrounding rock stability and vibration requirements during blasting. Better adapts to different field environments and completes blasting work efficiently.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but is to be construed as limiting the invention to any and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and adaptations of the embodiments described above, which are within the scope of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for solving the problem of getting rid of the trapping of a blocking shield caused by eccentric wear of a cutter is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
determining the number and positions of a temporary face and a blasting area, wherein the temporary face comprises a first temporary face and a second temporary face, the blasting area comprises a first blasting area, a second blasting area and a third blasting area, the third blasting area is positioned under a shield tunneling machine, the arc length is 2.5m, the left side of the third blasting area is sequentially adjacent to the first temporary face and the first blasting area along the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine, the right side of the third blasting area is sequentially adjacent to the second blasting area and the second temporary face, the arc length of the first temporary face is 1.0m, and the arc lengths of the first blasting area, the second blasting area and the second temporary face are all 1.8m;
step two, performing blasting preparation on the first free surface and the second free surface, and cutting on the side wall of a front shield soil bin corresponding to the positions of the first free surface and the second free surface in the shield machine to form a first opening and a second opening; determining the single cycle size, distributing holes on the rock walls exposed by the first opening and the second opening, and drilling holes;
step three, determining hole distribution modes and blasting parameters of a blasting area, perforating on the side wall of the shield machine corresponding to the blasting area, and drilling on the rock wall at the perforating position, wherein the drilled holes are used as blasting charge holes;
fourthly, blasting the first and second empty faces, determining blasting parameters and blasting sequences of the rock wall, blasting and cleaning slag stones to form the first and second empty faces;
fifthly, blasting the first blasting area, and carrying out outward transport of blasted rock slag from a first empty face after the lower blasting; blasting loosening is carried out on the second blasting area, and the blasted rock slag is transported out of the second temporary surface at the upper part;
step six, after the slag stones on the two sides are cleaned, carrying out weak loosening blasting on a third blasting zone at the bottom of the shield machine;
step seven, performing trial pushing on the shield tunneling machine, and if the trial pushing is unsuccessful, performing step eight; if the trial pushing is successful, performing a step nine;
step eight, deepening the holes in the first blasting area, the second blasting area and the third blasting area, and blasting again;
and step nine, after the shield machine is out of order, the soil bin wall is not restored, and the shield machine is restored after the shield machine is out of the tunnel.
2. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first opening is 1.8m in cutting arc length and 0.8m in width, the second opening is 1.0m in cutting arc length and 0.8m in width, the drilling tool adopts YT-28 type air guns and TN52RE type magnetic drilling rigs, and the drill rod adopts 0.5m and 1.0m.
3. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of holes drilled in the second free surface, the first blasting area and the second blasting area is 17, the number of holes drilled in the central position is 1, the number of the undercut holes is 4, the circumferential distance of the holes is 0.2m, the number of the peripheral holes is 10, and the hole pitch is 0.45m.
4. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of the drilled holes of the first free surface is 13, the number of the holes is 1, the number of the undercut holes is 4, the circumferential distance of the holes is 0.2m, the number of the peripheral holes is 8, and the hole pitch is 0.4m or 0.5m.
5. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the third blasting area is provided with 22 drill holes, 6 undercut eyes, 2 auxiliary eyes and 14 peripheral holes.
6. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fourthly, blasting adopts a magnetic drill for perforating, and the diameter of the perforating is 40mm.
7. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the single-cycle footage excavation amount is 0.5m-1m, the hole arrangement adopts a mode of combining a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole, and the blasting sequence is the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole in sequence.
8. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the blasting, the tunneling adopts an energy-saving and environment-friendly hydraulic blasting technology, and reverse uncoupled continuous charging is adopted.
9. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the blasting adopts a digital electronic detonator and an emulsified explosive with phi 32mm, and the middle part of the explosive is connected with the explosive package by a detonating cord.
10. The method for solving the problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first empty face, the second empty face, the first blasting area and the second blasting area all adopt blasting modes of small-step cut hole combined with smooth blasting, and the small-step height is 0.5m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903350.3A CN115218735B (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903350.3A CN115218735B (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115218735A CN115218735A (en) | 2022-10-21 |
| CN115218735B true CN115218735B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
Family
ID=83613491
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903350.3A Active CN115218735B (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115218735B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010049877A (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-06-15 | 이찬우 | 3 dimensional multi phase tunneling mathod and apparatus corresponding same |
| CN108286440A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of anti-sticking list shield TBM of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE and its construction method |
| CN110469340A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | A kind of rock burst tunnel double-shielded TBM card machine is got rid of poverty construction method |
| CN110500107A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-26 | 中建铁路投资建设集团有限公司 | A kind of shield machine normal pressure opens a position front maintenance tool changing construction method |
| CN110514080A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中建八局第三建设有限公司 | A kind of tunnel Zhang face blasting method |
| CN110847921A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for getting rid of trouble after shield machine is clamped |
| CN111663960A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-09-15 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for solving problem of shield tunneling machine being trapped by blasting |
| WO2021120991A1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Method for reconstructing shield tunnel for mining construction |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226400B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-09-12 | 中铁隧道装备制造有限公司 | Method and system for preventing clamping stagnation of shield body due to too large frictional resistance in earth pressure balance shield machine |
-
2022
- 2022-07-26 CN CN202210903350.3A patent/CN115218735B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010049877A (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-06-15 | 이찬우 | 3 dimensional multi phase tunneling mathod and apparatus corresponding same |
| CN108286440A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of anti-sticking list shield TBM of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE and its construction method |
| CN110500107A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-26 | 中建铁路投资建设集团有限公司 | A kind of shield machine normal pressure opens a position front maintenance tool changing construction method |
| CN110514080A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中建八局第三建设有限公司 | A kind of tunnel Zhang face blasting method |
| CN110469340A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | A kind of rock burst tunnel double-shielded TBM card machine is got rid of poverty construction method |
| CN111663960A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-09-15 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for solving problem of shield tunneling machine being trapped by blasting |
| CN110847921A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for getting rid of trouble after shield machine is clamped |
| WO2021120991A1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Method for reconstructing shield tunnel for mining construction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115218735A (en) | 2022-10-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110132084B (en) | Tunnel over-under-excavation control method | |
| CN105333778B (en) | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method | |
| CN100564803C (en) | Rock lane digging method | |
| CN110514079B (en) | Right-angled triangle presplitting cut method | |
| CN112161534B (en) | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access | |
| CN114166082B (en) | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process | |
| CN108915694B (en) | Construction method for tunnel lower-layer step full-section protective-layer-free extrusion blasting and road repairing and access protection | |
| CN112815794B (en) | Frozen soil layer blasting method | |
| CN111928746A (en) | Energy-concerving and environment-protective digital detonator water pressure blasting loaded constitution in tunnel | |
| CN108489350A (en) | III level surrounding rock tunnel top bar speedy drivage Smooth Blasting Construction method | |
| CN112964144A (en) | Soft rock railway tunnel blasting construction method in stress environment | |
| CN112943262A (en) | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method | |
| CN110879027A (en) | Efficient energy-gathered blasting rapid tunneling method for half coal rock roadway | |
| CN112880501B (en) | Flight-limited hole drilling and blasting method for controlling tunnel blasting flyrock | |
| CN104457466A (en) | Explosion method of open-cut tunnel segment | |
| CN115218735B (en) | Method for solving problem of getting stuck due to eccentric wear of cutter | |
| CN112432566A (en) | Full-section rapid excavation method for large-section tunnel | |
| CN110671979A (en) | Controlled blasting method for forming cutting well by deep hole extrusion blasting | |
| CN111486759A (en) | One-time controlled blasting demolition method for elevator shaft outside dam body | |
| CN112964143B (en) | Three-time blasting method for hollow hole straight-hole cut | |
| CN112945036B (en) | Drilling and blasting method for long-entering ruler of small-section tunnel | |
| CN112097578B (en) | Method for controlling root bottom of open-pit limestone mine after blasting | |
| CN213543367U (en) | Raise descending section blasting structure | |
| CN115307501A (en) | Blasting construction method for mountain earthwork | |
| CN114542067A (en) | Safe mining method for coal seam covered with hard rock stratum |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |