CN112943262A - Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method - Google Patents
Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112943262A CN112943262A CN202110110042.0A CN202110110042A CN112943262A CN 112943262 A CN112943262 A CN 112943262A CN 202110110042 A CN202110110042 A CN 202110110042A CN 112943262 A CN112943262 A CN 112943262A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- holes
- tunnel
- auxiliary
- water pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method. The energy-gathered water pressure smooth blasting structure comprises: the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole, the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole; the tunnel boring holes are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the tunnel center line, auxiliary holes are arranged on one sides of the boring holes far away from the tunnel center line, and peripheral holes are arranged on one sides of the auxiliary holes far away from the tunnel center line; the bottom plate hole is arranged at the bottom of the section of the tunnel. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and the method remarkably reduce the number and the depth of the light blasting blasts, thereby accelerating the construction progress and improving the utilization rate of the blasts; the overbreak and underexcavation is directly and effectively controlled, so that the labor force of workers is fundamentally reduced, the economic benefit is remarkably improved, and the subsequent construction is reliably guaranteed; meanwhile, smooth blasting of energy-collecting water pressure is beneficial to obviously reducing surrounding rock disturbance, and stability and construction safety of surrounding rock are guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method.
Background
In China, blasting safety is qualitatively improved from the previous fire blasting and electric blasting to the current detonating tube, and the drilling and blasting method plays an irreplaceable role in the construction of tunnels. Compared with the common blasting, the shaping quality and the safety of the smooth blasting are greatly improved. However, the conventional smooth blasting has disadvantages in that: the distance between the light explosion blastholes is 50cm, the holes are densely distributed, the drilling holes are too many, and the time occupied by the drilling operation is too long; the explosive roll part in the light explosion blasthole is easy to cause cracks or caves on the surrounding rock, influences the stability of the surrounding rock and even causes collapse; the overbreak often occurs, and the construction cost is increased by increasing the concrete lining amount. With the continuous improvement of the quality requirements of China, the exploration of an efficient and environment-friendly drilling and blasting construction process is urgently needed.
The karst landform is developed on carbonate rocks mainly including limestone and dolomite, and is often represented by engineering geological problems such as karst, bedding bias and the like, so that the scene has higher requirements on the light explosion effect. In the big section excavation process in long tunnel, adopt traditional smooth surface blasting often can produce a large amount of dust, because the ventilation distance is long, the difficulty of discharging fume, construction environment is abominable.
Therefore, it is important to provide a blasting structure and a blasting method which can be applied to tunnels in karst landform.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting structure and method, so as to solve the technical problems of over-dense smooth blasting holes, high construction cost and insufficient safety in the prior art.
The invention provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure, which comprises: the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole, the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole; the tunnel boring device comprises a tunnel center line, a plurality of tunnel boring holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes, wherein the tunnel center line is arranged on the two sides of the tunnel center line; the bottom plate hole is arranged at the bottom of the section of the tunnel.
The invention provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method, which comprises the following steps:
arranging an underholing hole, an auxiliary hole, peripheral holes and a bottom plate hole on the section of the tunnel to be blasted according to the karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting structure;
filling explosives in the arranged cutting holes, the auxiliary holes, the peripheral holes and the bottom plate holes;
8-section time delay detonation is adopted, and the detonation sequence comprises a cut hole, an auxiliary hole, peripheral holes and a bottom plate hole in sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and the method remarkably reduce the number and the depth of the light blasting blasts, thereby accelerating the construction progress and improving the utilization rate of the blasts; the overbreak and underexcavation is directly and effectively controlled, so that the labor force of workers is fundamentally reduced, the economic benefit is remarkably improved, and the subsequent construction is reliably guaranteed; meanwhile, the quantity of light explosion is greatly reduced compared with that of conventional light explosion, the charge structure of the blasthole is not coupled to a large extent, and the energy-collecting pipe device empties in the middle of the blasthole, so that the disturbance of surrounding rock is reduced remarkably, and the stability and the construction safety of the surrounding rock are guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a blasthole arrangement diagram of an embodiment of a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detonation network of an embodiment of a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a photo-explosion effect diagram of an embodiment of the karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic charge diagram of an embodiment of the karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting method provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a blasthole arrangement diagram of a conventional smooth blasting structure of the karst landform tunnel provided in comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure blasting network provided in comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the conventional blasting of comparative example 1 and the energy-accumulating hydraulic mean overbreak of example 1;
FIG. 8 is a comparison of the conventional photo-explosion of comparative example 1 and the initial shot size analysis of the energy accumulating hydraulic pressure cannon of example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure, including: a cut hole 101, an auxiliary hole 102, a peripheral hole 103, and a floor hole 104; the tunnel boring device comprises a tunnel center line 100, auxiliary holes 102, peripheral holes 103, a plurality of cutting holes 101, auxiliary holes 102 and auxiliary holes, wherein the cutting holes 101 are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the tunnel center line 100, one side, away from the tunnel center line 100, of each cutting hole 101 is provided with the auxiliary holes 102, and one side, away from the tunnel center line 100, of each auxiliary hole 102 is provided with; the bottom plate hole 104 is arranged at the bottom of the section of the tunnel.
Furthermore, the number of the cutting holes 101 is 12, and the vertical depth of the cutting holes 101 is 2.8 m; the number of the auxiliary eyes 102 is 62, the distance between every two adjacent auxiliary eyes 102 is 80-90 cm, and the vertical depth of each auxiliary eye 102 is 2.6 m; the number of the peripheral eyes 103 is 22, the distance between two adjacent peripheral eyes 103 is 100cm, and the vertical depth of the peripheral eyes 103 is 2.6 m; the number of the bottom plate holes 104 is 14, the distance between two adjacent bottom plate holes 104 is 100cm, and the vertical depth of the bottom plate holes 104 is 2.6 m. Further, the auxiliary eyes 102 include 4 first auxiliary eyes 1021, 6 second auxiliary eyes 1022, 10 third auxiliary eyes 1023, 20 fourth auxiliary eyes 1024 and 22 fifth auxiliary eyes 1025 which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside with the tunnel midline 100 as a center.
Furthermore, the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole, the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole are obliquely arranged, the inclination angle of the cutting hole is 55-75 degrees, the inclination angle of the auxiliary hole is 75-90 degrees, and the inclination angle of the peripheral hole is 80-90 degrees, and the inclination angle of the bottom plate hole is 87-90 degrees. Further, the inclination angle of the cutting hole is 70 °, the inclination angle of the auxiliary hole is 90 °, the inclination angle of the peripheral hole is 85 °, and the inclination angle of the floor hole is 87 °.
Further, the circulating footage of tunnel excavation is 2.4m, the diameter of a drill hole is 48-52 mm, preferably 50mm, and the resistance line is 60-70 cm, preferably 65 cm.
The invention provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a cutting hole 101, an auxiliary hole 102, a peripheral hole 103 and a bottom plate hole 104 on the cross section of the tunnel to be blasted according to the karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting structure;
s2, filling explosives in the arranged cutting hole 101, the auxiliary hole 102, the peripheral holes 103 and the bottom plate holes 104;
s3 adopts 8-segment delay initiation, and the initiation sequence is cut hole → auxiliary hole → peripheral hole → bottom plate hole.
Further, the charging mode of the undercut hole 101, the auxiliary hole 102, the peripheral hole 103 and the bottom plate hole 104 is specifically as follows: the blasthole is filled with a first water bag 201, an energy-collecting pipe device 202, a second water bag 203 and stemming 204 from bottom to top in sequence, and the energy-collecting pipe device is filled with explosives. During blasting, high-temperature high-pressure jet flow generated along with the energy-gathering grooves and a water wedge effect generated by a water bag in a light blasting blasthole promote the extension and expansion of initial cracks of rocks to be increased, the effect of the water wedge effect is more obvious than that of stress waves, the rocks are crushed by the most effectively utilizing the effects of the stress waves and expanding gas, the water mist effect is favorable for surrounding rock crushing and dust fall, and the construction environment is improved.
Furthermore, the length of the first water bag 201 is 0.18 to 0.22m, preferably 0.2 m; the energy-gathering pipe device 202 accounts for 65-75% of the depth of the blast hole, and preferably accounts for 70%; the length of the second water bag 203 is 0.2-0.4 m; the length of the stemming 204 is 0.4-0.6 m, and preferably 0.5 m.
Further, the charging parameters are as follows: the explosive is a rock emulsion explosive II, and is filled by explosive sticks, and the weight of each section is 0.3 kg. The method is characterized in that the cut holes are filled in a centralized mode, the single-hole loading amount is 2.1kg/2.4m, the auxiliary holes are filled in the centralized mode, the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m, the bottom plate hole loading structure is filled in an air column interval non-coupling mode, the interval length is 10-15 cm, the single-hole loading amount is 0.9kg/2.4m, the peripheral hole loading structure is filled in an air column interval non-coupling mode, the interval length is 10-15 cm, and the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m
Further, during detonation, each ring of blast holes are detonated by millisecond delay detonating detonators in a jumping section mode. Namely, the slotting holes are delayed for 1, 3 and 5 sections, the auxiliary holes are delayed for 7, 9 and 11 sections, the peripheral holes are delayed for 13 sections, and the bottom plate holes are delayed for 15 sections.
The tunnel in the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention is positioned in the estuary town of Wulong district in Chongqing city, and is designed into a 350km main line double-line tunnel, the total length is 6830m, the maximum buried depth of the tunnel is about 433m, and the IV-level surrounding rock and the III-level surrounding rock are taken as main parts, wherein the III-level surrounding rock accounts for 78% of the total section blasting process; and the IV-grade surrounding rock 671m accounts for 10 percent, and is blasted step by adopting an upper step and a lower step. The tunnel body passes through the interbed of Odoodle lower Taohong garden group (O1h) limestone, dolomitic limestone, rural group (O1f) shale and limestone. The IV-grade surrounding rock mainly comprises slightly weathered joints, relatively developed cracks, broken rock mass and poor integrity and stability. The invention relates to a structure and a method for bench blasting on IV-level surrounding rock. The excavation diameter of the upper step is 15.4m, the excavation radius is 7.7m, the surrounding rock circulating excavation footage is 2.4m according to the effective length of the advance support and the stable condition of the surrounding rock, and the diameter of a drilled hole is 50 mm.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure, which comprises a slotted hole 101, an auxiliary hole 102, a peripheral hole 103 and a bottom plate hole 104; wherein,
the tunnel boring holes 101 are symmetrically arranged along two sides of a tunnel center line 100, auxiliary holes 102 are arranged on one sides, far away from the tunnel center line 100, of the boring holes 101, and peripheral holes 103 are arranged on one sides, far away from the tunnel center line 100, of the auxiliary holes 102; the bottom plate hole 104 is arranged at the bottom of the section of the tunnel. The specific setup parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cumulative hydraulic blasting upper step blasthole parameters
| Blast hole | Depth m | Angle of rotation | Distance cm | Number of |
| Cutting hole | 2.8 | 70° | / | 12 |
| Auxiliary eye | 2.6 | 90° | 80-90 | 62 |
| Peripheral eye | 2.6 | 85° | 100 | 22 |
| Bottom plate hole | 2.6 | 87° | 100 | 14 |
The embodiment also provides a karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging a cutting hole 101, an auxiliary hole 102, a peripheral hole 103 and a bottom plate hole 104 on the cross section of the tunnel to be blasted according to the karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting structure;
(2) explosive is filled in the arranged cutting holes 101, the auxiliary holes 102, the peripheral holes 103 and the bottom plate holes 104; wherein, the charging parameters are as follows: the explosive is rock emulsion explosive II, which is filled by explosive sticks and has a single section weight of 0.3kg/2.4 m. The method is characterized in that the cut holes are filled in a concentrated mode, the single-hole loading amount is 2.1kg/2.4m, the auxiliary holes are filled in a concentrated mode, the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m, the bottom plate hole loading structure is filled in a non-coupled mode through air columns at intervals, the interval length is 10-15 cm, the single-hole loading amount is 0.9kg/2.4m, the peripheral hole loading structure is filled in a non-coupled mode through air columns at intervals, the interval length is 10-15 cm, the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m, and the actual total loading amount of each circulation of steps is 114kg according to the actual situation on site. According to the actual surrounding rock situation on site, the single-hole explosive loading can be loaded as appropriate. The specification of each water bag is phi 35mm and the length is 200mm, the stemming is processed by a stemming machine, and the water bags are mixed according to the optimal mixing ratio: water: sand 0.75:0.15: 0.1. The stemming plug length is about 0.5m, and the water bag length is about 0.2 m.
(3) 8-section time delay initiation is adopted, the initiation sequence is a cut hole, an auxiliary hole, a peripheral hole and a bottom plate hole in sequence, each blast hole is initiated by a millisecond time delay detonating detonator section, namely, the cut hole is delayed for 1, 3 and 5 sections, the auxiliary hole is delayed for 7, 9 and 11 sections, the peripheral hole is delayed for 13 sections, and the bottom plate hole is delayed for 15 sections. The schematic diagram of the energy-gathered light explosion initiation network is shown in FIG. 3:
comparative example 1
Referring to fig. 5, the present comparative example provides a conventional smooth blasting structure for a karst landform tunnel, which includes a cut hole 301, an auxiliary hole 302, a peripheral hole 303, and a bottom plate hole 304; wherein,
the underholing holes 301 are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the tunnel midline 300, one side of the underholing hole 301, which is far away from the tunnel midline 300, is provided with an auxiliary hole 302, and one side of the auxiliary hole 302, which is far away from the tunnel midline 300, is provided with a peripheral hole 303; the bottom plate hole 304 is arranged at the bottom of the section of the tunnel. The specific setup parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 conventional smooth surface blasting step-up blasthole parameters
| Blast hole | Depth m | Angle of rotation | Distance cm | Number of |
| Cutting hole | 3.0 | 70° | / | 12 |
| Auxiliary eye | 2.8 | 90° | 80-90 | 62 |
| Peripheral eye | 2.8 | 85° | 50 | 44 |
| Bottom plate hole | 2.8 | 87° | 100 | 14 |
The comparative example also provides a conventional smooth blasting method for the karst landform tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging a cutting hole 301, an auxiliary hole 302, a peripheral hole 303 and a bottom plate hole 304 on the cross section of the tunnel to be blasted according to the conventional smooth blasting structure of the karst landform tunnel;
(2) explosive is filled in the arranged cutting hole 301, the auxiliary hole 302, the peripheral hole 303 and the bottom plate hole 304; wherein, the charging parameters are as follows: the explosive is a rock emulsion explosive II, and is filled by explosive sticks, and the weight of each section is 0.3 kg. The method is characterized in that the cut holes are filled in a concentrated mode, the single-hole loading amount is 2.1kg/2.4m, the auxiliary holes are filled in a concentrated mode, the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m, the bottom plate hole loading structure is filled in a non-coupled mode through air columns at intervals, the interval length is 10-15 cm, the single-hole loading amount is 0.9kg/2.4m, the peripheral hole loading structure is filled in a non-coupled mode through air columns at intervals, the interval length is 10-15 cm, the single-hole loading amount is 1.2kg/2.4m, and the actual total loading amount of each circulation of steps is 168kg according to the actual situation on site. According to the actual surrounding rock situation on site, the single-hole explosive loading can be loaded as appropriate.
(3) 8-section time delay initiation is adopted, the initiation sequence is a cut hole, an auxiliary hole, a peripheral hole and a bottom plate hole in sequence, each blast hole is initiated by a millisecond time delay detonating detonator section, namely, the cut hole is delayed for 1, 3 and 5 sections, the auxiliary hole is delayed for 7, 9 and 11 sections, the peripheral hole is delayed for 13 sections, and the bottom plate hole is delayed for 15 sections. By adopting reverse initiation, the initiating explosive package is placed at the bottom of the hole, the shaped cavity of the detonator faces to the hole opening, and the schematic diagram is shown in figure 6:
the blasting results and methods of example 1 and comparative example 2 were compared and the results are shown in tables 3-7 and FIGS. 7-8.
TABLE 3 comparison of the utilization of conventional blasting and energy-gathering hydraulic blasting blastholes
| Type of blasting | Circulation footage | Depth of blast hole | Utilization rate of blast hole | Medicine consumption amount |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.4m | 2.8m | 88.4％ | 168kg |
| Example 1 | 2.4m | 2.6m | 95.6％ | 114kg |
As can be seen from table 3, the technical effect is significantly improved by comparing example 1 with comparative example 1. The depth of the blast hole is flat, the hole is reduced by 0.2m, the drilling time is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of the blast hole is improved by 7 percent compared with that of the conventional smooth blasting, and meanwhile, the blasting effect is well controlled, and the cost is greatly reduced.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the average overexcavation broken lines of comparative example 1 are all higher than those of example 1, the average overexcavation line of comparative example 1 is 10.6cm, the average overexcavation line of example 1 is 3.96cm, and comparative example 1 is 6.64cm higher than that of example 1.
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the initial injection volume of comparative example 1 is much greater per cycle than that of example 1, and the volume saved by 2.4m per cycle is 7.2m on average3Therefore, the economic benefit of the embodiment 1 is outstanding, and the light explosion effect is greatly improved.
TABLE 4 FIRE-WORKING COFFIC COMPARISON TABLE
TABLE 5 drilling fee COMPARATIVE TABLE
TABLE 6 drilling and blasting charge comparison mark
As can be seen from tables 4 to 6, the cost of drilling and blasting per linear meter in example 1 is saved by 693 yuan, namely, 23.12% compared with that in comparative example 1. By analogy, the tunnel length is 6830m, and 471 ten thousand yuan can be saved through prediction.
TABLE 7 statistics of sprayed concrete volume per linear meter
(Note: the above experimental data includes the ejection rebound amount)
As can be seen from Table 7, the volume of the shotcrete for the energy-accumulating hydraulic surface blasting in example 1 is saved by 3 squares, i.e., 7.15%, per linear meter in comparison with the conventional shotcrete in comparative example 1. Calculated by 360 yuan/square, 1080 yuan can be saved in each linear meter. By analogy, the length of the tunnel is 6830m, and 737 ten thousand yuan can be saved through estimation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a karst landform tunnel gathers can water pressure plain blasting structure which characterized in that includes: the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole, the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole; the tunnel boring device comprises a tunnel center line, a plurality of auxiliary holes and peripheral holes, wherein the auxiliary holes are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the tunnel center line; the bottom plate hole is formed in the bottom of the section of the tunnel.
2. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the cut holes is 12, and the vertical depth of the cut holes is 2.8 m; the number of the auxiliary eyes is 62, the distance between every two adjacent auxiliary eyes is 80-90 cm, and the vertical depth of each auxiliary eye is 2.6 m; the number of the peripheral eyes is 22, the distance between every two adjacent peripheral eyes is 100cm, and the vertical depth of each peripheral eye is 2.6 m; the number of the bottom plate holes is 14, the distance between every two adjacent bottom plate holes is 100cm, and the vertical depth of each bottom plate hole is 2.6 m.
3. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the auxiliary eyes comprise 4 first auxiliary eyes, 6 second auxiliary eyes, 10 third auxiliary eyes, 20 fourth auxiliary eyes and 22 fifth auxiliary eyes which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside with the center line of the tunnel as the center.
4. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the undercut holes, the auxiliary holes, the peripheral holes and the floor holes are obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle of the undercut holes is 55 ° to 75 °, the inclination angle of the auxiliary holes is 75 ° to 90 °, the inclination angle of the peripheral holes is 80 ° to 90 °, and the inclination angle of the floor holes is 87 ° to 90 °.
5. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular footage of tunnel excavation is 2.4m, the diameter of a drill hole is 48-52 mm, and the resistance line is 60-70 cm.
6. A karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure comprises the following steps that the cut holes, the auxiliary holes, the peripheral holes and the bottom plate holes are arranged in a tunnel section to be blasted according to any one of claims 1-5;
filling explosive in the arranged undercutting holes, the auxiliary holes, the peripheral holes and the bottom plate holes;
8-section time delay detonation is adopted, and the detonation sequence comprises a cut hole, an auxiliary hole, peripheral holes and a bottom plate hole in sequence.
7. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the explosive charging modes of the undercut hole, the auxiliary hole, the peripheral hole and the bottom plate hole are as follows: the blast hole is filled with a first water bag, an energy-collecting pipe device, a second water bag and stemming from bottom to top in sequence, and the energy-collecting pipe device is filled with explosives.
8. The karst landform tunnel energy-collecting water pressure smooth blasting method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the length of the first water bag is 0.18-0.22 m; the energy-gathering pipe device accounts for 65-75% of the depth of the blast hole; the length of the second water bag is 0.2-0.4 m; the length of the stemming is 0.4-0.6 m.
9. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the explosive is rock emulsion explosive II, which are all filled by cartridges, and the weight of a single section is 0.3 kg; the cut holes are filled with concentrated medicine, and the single-hole medicine loading amount is 2.1kg/2.4 m; the auxiliary hole adopts centralized charging, and the single-hole charging amount is 1.2kg/2.4 m; the bottom plate hole charging structure adopts air columns for spaced non-coupled charging, the spacing length is 10-15 cm, and the single-hole charging amount is 0.9kg/2.4 m; the peripheral hole charging structure adopts air columns for interval non-coupled charging, the interval length is 10-15 cm, and the single-hole charging amount is 1.2kg/2.4 m.
10. The karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting method as recited in claim 6, wherein during blasting, each ring of blastholes is blasted by using a millisecond delay blasting cap hop section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110042.0A CN112943262A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110042.0A CN112943262A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112943262A true CN112943262A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
Family
ID=76237671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110042.0A Pending CN112943262A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112943262A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739658A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | Construction method for energy-gathered water pressure blasting |
| CN113883978A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-04 | 太原理工大学 | Tunnel reserved contour protection rock curtain water pressure energy-gathering smooth blasting method |
| CN114166082A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
| CN117489355A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-02-02 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Blasting excavation construction method for improving tunnel super-underexcavation control level |
| WO2024066103A1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Blast hole structure for smooth blasting of weakly weathered siltstone, detonating cord connection structure and method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108225137A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-29 | 河南神火煤电股份有限公司 | Rock roadway in coal mine tunnels cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting structure and method |
| CN109141149A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 中建桥梁有限公司 | A kind of tunnel excavation hydraulic pressure demolition construction method |
| CN109373840A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-22 | 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 | Tunnel excavation hydraulic pressure demolition construction method |
| CN109579645A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel hydraulic pressure demolition constructing structure and its application |
| CN111397458A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology III-level surrounding rock |
| CN112066830A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 中铁三局集团广东建设工程有限公司 | Method for constructing sandy slate tunnel |
-
2021
- 2021-01-27 CN CN202110110042.0A patent/CN112943262A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109579645A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel hydraulic pressure demolition constructing structure and its application |
| CN108225137A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-29 | 河南神火煤电股份有限公司 | Rock roadway in coal mine tunnels cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting structure and method |
| CN109141149A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 中建桥梁有限公司 | A kind of tunnel excavation hydraulic pressure demolition construction method |
| CN109373840A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-22 | 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 | Tunnel excavation hydraulic pressure demolition construction method |
| CN111397458A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology III-level surrounding rock |
| CN112066830A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 中铁三局集团广东建设工程有限公司 | Method for constructing sandy slate tunnel |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739658A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | Construction method for energy-gathered water pressure blasting |
| CN113883978A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-04 | 太原理工大学 | Tunnel reserved contour protection rock curtain water pressure energy-gathering smooth blasting method |
| CN114166082A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
| CN114166082B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-09-15 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
| WO2024066103A1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Blast hole structure for smooth blasting of weakly weathered siltstone, detonating cord connection structure and method |
| CN117489355A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-02-02 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Blasting excavation construction method for improving tunnel super-underexcavation control level |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112943262A (en) | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method | |
| CN108225137B (en) | Rock roadway in coal mine tunnels cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting structure and method | |
| CN108661643B (en) | It a kind of coal working face end adopts return channel and cuts top release shield lane method | |
| CN109506529B (en) | Composite cut blasting method | |
| CN102401616A (en) | Blasting excavation method of vertical shaft | |
| CN112013733B (en) | Blast hole arrangement blasting method for dealing with complex surrounding rock conditions | |
| CN104453904A (en) | Sublevel filling mining method without drawing groove | |
| CN110645855B (en) | Dust suppression blasting method for medium-length hole of strip mine | |
| CN102494571A (en) | Construction method for damped blasting of tunnels | |
| CN111397455A (en) | Combined detonation method for accurately controlling blasting effect in tunneling | |
| CN111780633B (en) | Step-type rapid excavation method for IV-V-level surrounding rock lower step of double-track tunnel | |
| CN115183639B (en) | Three-face upper-breaking single-roadway down-cutting blasting construction method for roof-cutting retained roadway | |
| CN112161534A (en) | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access | |
| CN111457800A (en) | Straight-eye barrel-shaped cutting hole arrangement structure and roadway straight-eye barrel-shaped cutting blasting method thereof | |
| CN106121644B (en) | The water-filling pressure-bearing unloading pressure by blasting of cellular structure and supporting reinforcement are crosslinked based on drilling in coal and rock plane | |
| CN117307169A (en) | Reinforced blasting roof cutting pressure relief method for high-level roadway hard roof | |
| CN110030889B (en) | Method for forming well by deep hole partition triangular net cut through one-time blasting | |
| CN107091078A (en) | Coal underground gasification channel and method thereof | |
| CN111457804A (en) | Method for blasting IV-grade massive crushed rock with disordered development and wide fracture surface | |
| CN114935290B (en) | Pre-splitting blasting method for cutting single roadway and cutting deep hole on two sides of top-cutting retained roadway | |
| CN114060088B (en) | Method for preventing and controlling water damage of separation layer of mine coal seam roof | |
| CN212362991U (en) | Smooth blasting system | |
| CN111637804A (en) | Undermining method for reinforcing cracking explosive column by filling small holes in segmented mode in central undermining hole | |
| CN108798670A (en) | A method of it improving super high seam fully mechanized coal face and just adopts coal recovery rate | |
| CN115046443B (en) | Construction method for breaking blasting in upper section and lower section of roof-cutting entry retaining of thick coal seam |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210901 Address after: 430000 6 Bridge Road, New Bridge District, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei Applicant after: WUHAN ENGINEERING CO., LTD., CHINA RAILWAY 7TH BUREAU GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA RAILWAY SEVENTH GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430000 6 Bridge Road, New Bridge District, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei Applicant before: WUHAN ENGINEERING CO., LTD., CHINA RAILWAY 7TH BUREAU GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210611 |