CN115216290B - 一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115216290B
CN115216290B CN202210910004.8A CN202210910004A CN115216290B CN 115216290 B CN115216290 B CN 115216290B CN 202210910004 A CN202210910004 A CN 202210910004A CN 115216290 B CN115216290 B CN 115216290B
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马菱薇
吴尚浩
王金科
张达威
李晓刚
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法,属于腐蚀防护技术领域。本发明用磺基水杨酸对氮掺杂碳点进行表面接枝,得到改性碳点。该改性碳点与Fe2+和Fe3+离子反应均可产生荧光淬灭,用于预警钢铁材料的腐蚀反应,相较于未改性碳点仅能和Fe3+离子反应产生荧光淬灭,改性碳点的适用范围更广、检测灵敏度更高;改性碳点还可以在金属表面吸附,抑制钢铁材料在酸性条件下的腐蚀过程,相较于未改性的碳点,缓蚀性能更加优异。本发明有效地提升了碳点的缓蚀效率,并且拓展了碳点的使用功能,同时其原料绿色安全,价格低廉,具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于腐蚀防护技术领域,具体涉及一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法。
背景技术
工业技术的快速发展中,金属腐蚀一直是一个全球性的问题,造成巨大的经济损失和严重的安全问题。全球每年因腐蚀造成的经济损失高达GDP的3.34%。因此,工业界开发了各种金属腐蚀防护方法。缓蚀剂以其成本低、适应性强、经济效益好等优势被广泛应用于能源、交通、建筑等行业中,近年来,已成功开发出一系列具有高防腐效率的缓蚀剂。同时,监测金属的初期腐蚀萌生是十分必要的,在腐蚀过程中,如果能对腐蚀部位发出警告,就可以在观察到腐蚀产物之前确定活性腐蚀位点,从而采取有效措施抑制腐蚀活动的进一步发展。
碳点是一种具有优异光致发光性能的零维碳纳米材料,由于其低毒性、制备方便和官能化容易等优点,碳点已被广泛应用于腐蚀与防护领域,并取得了一定的缓蚀效果。此外,作为一种新型的荧光纳米材料,碳点已经成为金属阳离子(Cu2+、Hg2+、Fe3+、Cd2+、Pb2+)、阴离子(Cl-、F-、S2-、I-、PO4 3-)等检测的极佳候选者。其中,碳点可以与Cu2+和Fe3+等发生荧光淬灭,这一性能满足人们在腐蚀环境监测预警的需求。基于碳点表面基团的丰富性和可调控性,可以通过对其表面基团进行修饰改性,使其具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法,所述改性碳点缓蚀性能优越,并且具备腐蚀预警功能,以解决现有技术中的碳点缓蚀性能不高且无法及时确定腐蚀位点的技术问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明技术方案如下:
一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点及制备方法,其特征在于,该改性碳点由氮掺杂碳点和磺基水杨酸反应生成,用于钢铁材料的腐蚀与防护领域。
进一步地,所述的磺基水杨酸改性碳点的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:取50mg氮掺杂碳点(CDs)溶解于50~100mL四氢呋喃溶剂中,依次加入30~90mg N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)、100~200mg磺基水杨酸(SSA)、88~160mg 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),搅拌反应24~48h后,将混合物溶液在60~85℃加热6~12h,除去四氢呋喃和其他未反应物质,得到磺基水杨酸改性碳点(CDs-SSA)。
进一步地,上述步骤中NHS与EDC是作为基团活化剂使用,不参与合成反应。
进一步地,磺基水杨酸改性碳点对于钢铁材料具备优异的腐蚀感应能力,当处于Fe2+或Fe3+溶液环境中,碳点本身强烈的荧光会被淬灭,使其能够快速、灵敏地检测铁离子,相比于传统碳点只能与Fe3+离子反应实现荧光淬灭,该磺基水杨酸改性碳点的应用范围更广,可以更加快速、准确地预警钢铁腐蚀。
进一步地,磺基水杨酸和氮掺杂碳点的表面基团均可以在钢铁材料表面产生化学吸附。将钢铁试样浸泡在盐酸或硫酸等酸性溶液中时,该磺基水杨酸改性碳点可以稳定吸附在钢基体表面,形成致密的保护膜,抑制基体金属腐蚀,产生良好的缓蚀作用。
本发明具有以下优点及突出性的技术效果:本发明制备了一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点,相比于传统的碳点,磺基水杨酸改性碳点吸附位点更多,具有更为优异的缓蚀效果,能更好地抑制金属腐蚀的过程。同时该磺基水杨酸改性碳点还具有很强的荧光效果,可以与金属材料发生腐蚀时产生的Fe2+或Fe3+离子发生鳌合反应,产生明显的荧光猝灭现象,预警金属腐蚀的发生。本发明的磺基水杨酸改性碳点CDs-SSA具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀的双重效果,同时制备流程简单、生产价格低,具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中制备的CDs-SSA的透射电子显微图像和粒径分布统计图。
图2a为实施例2制备的CDs-SSA与Fe2+离子的荧光猝灭现象。
图2b为实施例2制备的CDs-SSA与Fe3+离子的荧光猝灭现象。
图3为实施例3中添加了磺基水杨酸改性碳点和纯盐酸中Q235钢在浸泡后的电化学阻抗谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1~3和实施例对本发明予以具体说明。下述实施例是说明性的,不是限定性的,不能以下述实施例来限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
1、取50mg氮掺杂碳点(CDs)溶解于50mL四氢呋喃溶剂中,依次加入30mg N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)、100mg磺基水杨酸(SSA)、88mg1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),搅拌反应24h。
2、将反应后的混合溶液在60℃加热12h,除去四氢呋喃和其他未反应物质,得到磺基水杨酸改性碳点(CDs-SSA)。
图1为实施例1中制备的磺基水杨酸改性碳点CDs-SSA的透射电子显微图像和粒径分布统计图,可以看出,CDs-SSA呈分布均匀的球形,平均晶粒尺寸为16~25nm。
实施例2
1、取50mg氮掺杂碳点(CDs)溶解于100mL四氢呋喃溶剂中,依次加入60mg N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)、150mg磺基水杨酸(SSA)、120mg 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),搅拌反应36h。
2、将反应后的混合溶液在70℃加热9h,除去四氢呋喃和其他未反应物质,得到磺基水杨酸改性碳点(CDs-SSA)。
3、将CDs-SSA配制成质量浓度为100mg/L的溶液,分别加入不同浓度的Fe2+或Fe3+离子,其浓度梯度均设置为0、10-6、10-5、10-4、5×10-4、10-3、10-2mol/L。
图2a为实施例2制备的CDs-SSA与Fe2+离子的荧光猝灭现象,从左至右溶液中Fe2+离子的浓度依次为0、10-6、10-5、10-4、5×10-4、10-3、10-2mol/L,结果表明,当溶液中Fe2+离子浓度达到10-3mol/L时,荧光已经发生明显猝灭。
图2b为实施例2制备的CDs-SSA与Fe3+离子的荧光猝灭现象,从左至右溶液中Fe3+离子的浓度依次为0、10-6、10-5、10-4、5×10-4、10-3、10-2mol/L,结果表明,当溶液中Fe3+离子浓度达到10-4mol/L时,就已经能观察到荧光有明显减弱,在5×10-4mol/L浓度时荧光已经发生明显猝灭。
图2a和图2b表明实施例2中制备的磺基水杨酸改性碳点CDs-SSA与Fe2+和Fe3+离子均能发生螯合反应,产生明显的荧光猝灭现象,可用于钢铁材料的腐蚀预警。
实施例3
1、取50mg氮掺杂碳点(CDs)溶解于100mL四氢呋喃溶剂中,依次加入90mg N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)、200mg磺基水杨酸(SSA)、160mg 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),搅拌反应48h。
2、将反应后的混合溶液在85℃加热6h,除去四氢呋喃和其他未反应物质,得到磺基水杨酸改性碳点(CDs-SSA)。
3、利用电化学工作站测量了钢在添加和不添加磺基水杨酸改性碳点后的电化学阻抗谱,测试溶液为1M HCl溶液,测试电极为Q235钢,磺基水杨酸改性碳点的浓度为200mg/L。
4、图3为实施例3中添加了磺基水杨酸改性碳点和纯盐酸中Q235钢在浸泡后的电化学阻抗谱。可以发现,在浸泡12h与24h时,纯盐酸浸泡下碳钢的低频阻抗模值分别为30.4Ω×cm2和30.9Ω×cm2,添加了CDs-SSA的碳钢低频阻抗模值为1433.4Ω×cm2和1994.8Ω×cm2,远远高于纯盐酸浸泡下的低频阻抗模值,说明添加的CDs-SSA在钢上形成了致密的吸附膜,抑制了腐蚀反应,展现出优异的缓蚀性能。
本发明未尽事宜为公知技术。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点,其特征在于,该改性碳点由氮掺杂碳点和磺基水杨酸反应生成,用于钢铁材料的腐蚀与防护领域。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,磺基水杨酸改性碳点包括以下制备步骤:取50 mg氮掺杂碳点(CDs)溶解于50 ~ 100mL四氢呋喃溶剂中,依次加入30 ~ 90 mg N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)、100 ~ 200 mg磺基水杨酸(SSA)、88 ~ 160 mg 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),搅拌反应24~ 48 h后,将混合物溶液在60 ~ 85 ℃加热6 ~ 12 h,除去四氢呋喃和其他未反应物质,得到磺基水杨酸改性碳点(CDs-SSA)。
3.如权利要求2所述的具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,NHS与EDC是作为基团活化剂使用,不参与合成反应。
4.如权利要求1所述的具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点,其特征在于,磺基水杨酸改性碳点对于钢铁材料具备优异的腐蚀感应能力,当处于Fe2+或Fe3+溶液环境中,碳点本身强烈的荧光会被淬灭,使其能够快速、灵敏地检测铁离子,相比于传统碳点只能与Fe3+离子反应实现荧光淬灭,该磺基水杨酸改性碳点的应用范围更广,更加快速、准确地预警钢铁腐蚀。
5.如权利要求1所述的具有腐蚀预警和缓蚀双重功能的改性碳点,其特征在于,所述磺基水杨酸和氮掺杂碳点的表面基团均在钢铁材料表面产生化学吸附;将钢铁试样浸泡在盐酸或硫酸酸性溶液中时,该磺基水杨酸改性碳点稳定吸附在钢基体表面,形成致密的保护膜,抑制基体金属腐蚀,产生良好的缓蚀作用。
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