CN115201901A - Method, device, device and readable storage medium for determining tunnel wavefront travel time - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and equipment for determining tunnel wave front travel time and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining parameters related to the tunnel; determining a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameters; the first model characterizes a characteristic attribute of the tunnel; carrying out wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model characterizes a wavefront velocity attribute in the tunnel; determining a wavefront travel time in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the tunnel of the calculation area is modeled according to the acquired tunnel related parameters to obtain the first model; then, the second model is obtained by carrying out wave velocity processing on the first model; and finally, accurately calculating the wave front travel time in the tunnel according to the first model and the second model.

Description

Method, device, device and readable storage medium for determining tunnel wavefront travel time

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel seismic reflection waves, in particular to a method, device, equipment and readable storage medium for determining the travel time of tunnel wavefront.

Background technique

In the related art, the seismic reflection wave method advanced geological prediction data processing includes preprocessing, velocity analysis, travel time calculation, migration imaging and other processes, among which travel time calculation is one of the important steps, which is related to the accuracy of the final migration imaging results. Travel time calculation mainly includes two types: direct travel time calculation and curved travel time calculation. The processing software in the related art mostly uses a straight line to calculate the travel time, that is, the path of the seismic wave propagating from the shot point to the receiving point is approximated as a straight line to simplify the calculation difficulty; a few use the curve travel time calculation method, that is, the possible path of the seismic wave propagation. For calculation comparison, select the shortest path for calculation, this method has higher accuracy than straight line calculation, but it is still an approximation in essence. Seismic waves diffuse in the medium according to Huygens' principle, and the actual propagation path is complicated. In actual work, the approximate calculation error of the 2D seismic reflection wave method is relatively controllable. For the advanced geological prediction of the 3D seismic reflection wave method, the propagation path of the seismic wave itself is more complicated, and the approximate calculation error will be larger, which will affect the final prediction result. .

The problem of 3D modeling: The tunnel profiles implemented by advanced geological forecasting are different. Most of the tunnel profiles constructed by the mine blasting method are horseshoe-shaped. Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) tunnels are mostly circular, with different tunnel profiles. The three-dimensional seismic reflection wave method is generally arranged in three-dimensional space, and the path of seismic wave propagation is quite complicated. Therefore, according to different types of tunnel profiles and different observation methods, the actual 3D tunnel model should be abstractly constructed for the calculation area, so as to construct a 3D velocity model.

The problem of travel time calculation: the conventional travel time is calculated by dividing the distance by the speed. The actual path of the three-dimensional tunnel model space seismic wave propagation is complex. When the seismic wave is excited in the tunnel, the seismic wave will reach the receiving point along the shortest path according to the Huygens principle. It is difficult to accurately obtain the distance along the actual path. It is necessary to find a feasible travel time calculation method, considering the influence of the tunnel cavity, in line with the actual situation of seismic wave propagation, to realize the three-dimensional high-precision travel time calculation of the seismic reflection wave method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, apparatus, device and readable storage medium for determining the tunneling wavefront travel time.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in this way:

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining tunneling wavefront travel time, and the method includes:

obtain parameters related to the tunnel;

A first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel;

Perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the wavefront velocity property in the tunnel;

Based on the first model and the second model, a wavefront travel time in the tunnel is determined.

In the above scheme, the method further includes:

The rear of the face in the tunnel is processed based on the first preset method to obtain the first velocity of the square wave behind the face.

In the above solution, the wave velocity processing is performed on the first model to obtain the second model corresponding to the tunnel, including:

Based on the first velocity, determining a second velocity of the front wave in the tunnel in front of the tunnel;

A second model corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the preset wave velocity, the first velocity and the second velocity of the square wave behind the face.

In the above solution, the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter includes:

Based on the direction information of the tunnel and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined.

In the above solution, the parameters include at least a first reference point parameter and a second reference point parameter; the method further includes:

The direction information is determined based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter.

In the above solution, the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter includes:

Based on the preset spatial range and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined.

In the above solution, the parameters include at least transmitting point parameters and receiving point parameters; the method further includes:

The transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter are processed based on the second preset manner to determine the preset spatial range.

In the above solution, after the wavefront travel time in the tunnel is determined based on the first model and the second model, the method further includes:

Preset processing is performed on the wavefront travel time to obtain a processing result, and the processing result is used for migration imaging.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for determining the travel time of a tunnel wave, including:

an acquisition module for acquiring parameters related to the tunnel;

a first determining module, configured to determine a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel;

a first processing module, configured to perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the property of the wavefront velocity in the tunnel;

A second determining module, configured to determine the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining tunneling wavefront travel time, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and the processor implements the above when executing the program any step in the method.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step in the foregoing method is implemented.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a readable storage medium for determining a tunneling wavefront travel time. Wherein, the method includes acquiring parameters related to the tunnel; determining a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameters; the first model representing the characteristic attributes of the tunnel; processing to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the property of the wavefront velocity in the tunnel; and based on the first model and the second model, the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel is determined. By adopting the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel in the calculation area is modeled according to the acquired tunnel-related parameters to obtain the first model; the second model is obtained by performing wave velocity processing on the first model; and finally An accurate calculation of the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel is performed according to the first model and the second model.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation of a method for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of a method for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a first model in a method for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of determining the wavefront travel time in the method for determining the tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic view of a slice of a wavefront travel time in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of a device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity structure of a device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the specific technical solutions of the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Geological Prediction/Prospecting is a geological survey method that uses geological, geophysical and other exploration methods to analyze and predict the engineering geology, hydrogeology and unfavorable geological bodies in front of the tunnel in the process of tunnel construction. Commonly used methods in related technologies include geological sketching method, advanced drilling method, advanced pit method and geophysical method, among which geophysical method is the main method for advanced geological prediction, including geological radar method, seismic reflection wave method and transient electromagnetic method. These methods all need to use certain observation methods to collect data on the tunnel face or around the tunnel, and then perform data analysis to achieve the purpose of advanced geological prediction.

3D seismic reflection method (3D seismic reflection method) is the most important detection method for advanced geological prediction of tunnels. It uses sensors arranged around the tunnel or on the face of the tunnel, and the seismic waves are excited by hammering or blasting. The seismic waves propagate to the front of the tunnel, and are reflected back when encountering bad geological bodies, and are received by the sensors behind the tunnel. It can accurately locate the bad geology in front of the face, and achieve the purpose of guiding the construction of the tunnel.

An embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for determining tunneling wavefront travel time. The method is applied to a device for determining tunneling wavefront travel time. The function implemented by the method can be obtained by calling a program code by a processor in the device for determining tunneling wavefront travel time. For implementation, of course, the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium. It can be seen that the computing device includes at least a processor and a storage medium.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation flowchart of a method for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes:

Step 101: obtain parameters related to the tunnel;

Step 102: Determine a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel;

Step 103: Perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the wavefront velocity property in the tunnel;

Step 104: Determine the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model.

In step 101, the determination process of the tunnel wavefront travel time may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the process of determining the travel time of the tunnel wavefront may be based on the seismic reflection waves in the actual tunnel space to perform advance geological prediction and accurate travel time calculation.

The parameters related to the tunnel can be determined according to the actual situation, and the parameters related to the tunnel are different for different tunnels and construction techniques, and are not limited here. As an example, the parameters related to the tunnel include at least data related to the tunnel, and may also be coordinates of related points of the tunnel, and the data related to the tunnel may be the hole diameter data of the tunnel and the side wall data of the tunnel, etc.; the coordinates of the relevant points of the tunnel may be the coordinates of the first reference point, the coordinates of the second reference point, the coordinates of the transmitting point, the coordinates of the receiving point, and the like.

The acquisition process of the parameters related to the tunnel can be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here. As an example, the acquisition process may be to use a measuring device to perform on-site measurement on the tunnel to obtain parameters related to the tunnel.

As an example, in the process of acquiring the data related to the tunnel, a first measurement device may be used to measure the data related to the tunnel to obtain the hole diameter data of the tunnel and the side wall data of the tunnel. The first measurement device may be any device capable of measuring data related to the tunnel.

As an example, in the process of acquiring the coordinates of the relevant points of the tunnel, a second measuring device may be used to measure the absolute coordinates of the relevant points of the tunnel, that is, geodetic coordinates; As an origin, relative coordinates of relevant points other than the first relevant point of the tunnel are measured with a second measuring device based on the origin. Wherein, the first measurement device may be any device capable of measuring the coordinates of the relevant points of the tunnel; the first relevant point of the tunnel may be any one of the relevant points of the tunnel.

In step 102, the first model corresponding to the tunnel may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the first model corresponding to the tunnel includes at least the shape feature of the tunnel, the position of the face of the tunnel, the direction of the tunnel, and the spatial range where the tunnel is located.

Determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the shape feature of the tunnel corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the data related to the tunnel; the position of the face of the tunnel and the direction of the tunnel are determined based on the coordinates of the relevant points of the tunnel. and the spatial extent in which the tunnel is located. For example, the shape feature of the tunnel corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the hole diameter data of the tunnel and the side wall data of the tunnel.

In step 103, the second model representing the wavefront velocity property in the tunnel may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the wavefront velocity attribute in the tunnel may include a wavefront velocity attribute in front of a face in the tunnel, a wavefront velocity attribute in a tunnel hole behind the face in the tunnel, and a wavefront velocity attribute in the tunnel. The wavefront velocity properties of the tunnel surrounding rock behind the mid-face.

In step 104, the process of determining the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the determining process may be based on the Huygens principle, introducing a fast travel method, and calculating the wavefront travel time in the tunnel.

Among them, the Huygens principle means that each point (surface source) on the spherical wave surface is a wavelet source of a secondary spherical wave, and the wave speed and frequency of the wavelet are equal to the wave speed and frequency of the primary wave. The envelope of the wave surface is the total wave surface of the wave at this moment. The core idea is that the wave state of any part of the medium is determined by the fluctuation of each place.

Among them, the fast marching method uses the narrowband expansion technology to approximate the wavefront expansion, reconstructs the traveltime wavefront, saves the traveltime using the stack selection and row technology, and puts the minimum traveltime on the top of the stack. , if it has the minimum travel time value, move the test point into the upwind area, and select nodes from the downwind area to move into the narrow band, recalculate, and repeat the steps until completion.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium for determining tunnel wavefront travel time. Wherein, the method includes acquiring parameters related to the tunnel; determining a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameters; the first model representing the characteristic attributes of the tunnel; processing to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the property of the wavefront velocity in the tunnel; and based on the first model and the second model, the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel is determined. By adopting the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel in the calculation area is modeled according to the acquired tunnel-related parameters to obtain the first model; the second model is obtained by performing wave velocity processing on the first model; and finally An accurate calculation of the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel is performed according to the first model and the second model.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

The rear of the face in the tunnel is processed based on the first preset method to obtain the first velocity of the square wave behind the face.

In this embodiment, the first velocity of the square wave behind the face can be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here. As an example, the first velocity of the square wave behind the face may be the wave front velocity of the surrounding rock in the tunnel behind the face in the tunnel, and the wave front of the surrounding rock in the tunnel behind the face in the tunnel The velocity may be the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock behind the face in the tunnel.

The first preset mode may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the first preset method may be the seismic direct wave method, in which survey lines can be arranged in a linear arrangement on the sidewall of the tunnel, the time when each survey line receives the direct wave is picked up, and the distance and time of the direct wave are plotted The slope of the straight line is the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock of the square wave behind the face.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, performing wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel includes:

Based on the first velocity, determining a second velocity of the front wave in the tunnel in front of the tunnel;

A second model corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the preset wave velocity, the first velocity and the second velocity of the square wave behind the face.

In this embodiment, the second velocity of the front wave in front of the tunnel in the tunnel may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the second velocity of the wave in front of the face in the tunnel may be the wave front velocity in front of the face in the tunnel, and the wave front velocity in front of the face in the tunnel may be the velocity of the wave in front of the face in the tunnel The wavefront velocity of the unexcavated tunnel in front of the middle face.

The determining the second velocity of the wave in front of the face in the tunnel based on the first velocity may be: processing the first velocity based on the third preset method to obtain the face in the tunnel in front of the face The second velocity of the wave.

The third preset mode may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the third preset manner may be a velocity analysis method based on energy superposition. Under a given scanning speed, each point in the tunnel detection space corresponds to a diffraction hyperbola on the seismic record. Using this feature, the spatial range of tunnel detection is discretized, and each discretized grid point is assumed to be a diffraction point. The first speed is determined as the initial scanning speed, and the initial scanning speed is incremented according to a preset value to obtain a plurality of different scanning speeds, and the different scanning speeds are used along the corresponding diffraction hyperbola using superposition criteria By calculating the mean amplitude energy or mean amplitude. When the scanning speed is the second desired speed, the average amplitude energy or amplitude will take an extreme value. When the diffraction point does not actually exist, the event axis of the diffraction hyperbola also does not exist in the seismic records. Different diffraction hyperbolas cause the corresponding amplitude values (magnitude and positive and negative) of the seismic records to be random values. The average amplitude will be close to zero; when the diffraction point does actually exist, the corresponding hyperbola on the record will pass through the same event axis, and the average amplitude after the superposition of diffraction will appear an extreme value (maximum value or minimum value). ), the corresponding scanning speed at this time is the required second speed.

The preset wave speed of the square wave behind the face can be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here. As an example, the preset wave velocity of the square wave behind the face may be the wave front velocity in the tunnel hole behind the face in the tunnel, and the wave front in the tunnel hole behind the face in the tunnel The velocity may be 340 m/s, the velocity of seismic waves in air.

The determining of the second model corresponding to the tunnel based on the preset wave speed of the square wave behind the face, the first velocity and the second velocity may be, based on the tunnel behind the face in the tunnel The wave front velocity in the tunnel, the wave front velocity of the surrounding rock behind the face in the tunnel, and the wave front velocity of the unexcavated tunnel in front of the face in the tunnel, construct the three-dimensional velocity volume of the entire model, and determine The second model corresponding to the tunnel.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter includes:

Based on the direction information of the tunnel and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined.

In this embodiment, the direction information of the tunnel may be used to represent the direction of the tunnel. The direction information of the tunnel can be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here. As an example, the direction information of the tunnel may be a driving direction of the tunnel, a direction horizontal and vertical to the driving direction, and a direction vertical and vertical to the driving direction.

The determining of the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the direction information of the tunnel and the parameter may be based on the driving direction of the tunnel, the direction horizontal and vertical to the driving direction, and the direction corresponding to the tunnel. The first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined according to the vertical direction of the tunneling direction and the parameters.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the parameters include at least a first reference point parameter and a second reference point parameter; the method further includes:

The direction information is determined based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter.

In this embodiment, the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter may be determined according to actual conditions, which are not limited herein. As an example, the first reference point parameter may be a first reference point coordinate; the second reference point parameter may be a second reference point coordinate.

The process of determining the direction information may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the direction information may be determined according to a direction vector. The determining of the direction information based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter may be, taking the coordinates of the first reference point as the origin of the first model, and determining the direction information based on the coordinates of the first reference point and the coordinates of the second reference point to determine a first direction vector; determine a first direction based on the first direction vector, and the first direction represents the driving direction of the tunnel; determine the horizontal and vertical direction of the first direction vector direction, obtain the second direction, the second direction represents the direction horizontal and vertical to the driving direction; determine the direction vertical and vertical to the first direction vector, obtain the third direction, the third direction represents the and the direction information is determined based on the first direction, the second direction and the third direction.

In some embodiments, after the direction information is determined based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter, the coordinates of the first reference point are used as the origin of the first model, and a vector relationship is used The coordinate conversion is to convert the measured emission point coordinates into model coordinates using the first reference point coordinates as the origin of the first model.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter includes:

Based on the preset spatial range and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined.

In this embodiment, the preset spatial range may be used to represent the spatial range where the tunnel is located. The preset spatial range may be determined according to actual conditions, which is not limited herein. As an example, the preset spatial range may include a length distance, a width distance, and a height distance of the spatial range where the tunnel is located, wherein the length distance of the spatial range where the tunnel is located may be in front of the face of the tunnel. The sum of the distance and the distance behind the face in the tunnel.

The determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the preset spatial range and the parameter may be: determining the length distance, the width distance, the height distance and the parameter based on the length distance, the width distance, the height distance and the parameter of the spatial range where the tunnel is located. The first model corresponding to the tunnel.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the parameters include at least a transmitting point parameter and a receiving point parameter; the method further includes:

The transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter are processed based on the second preset manner to determine the preset spatial range.

In this embodiment, the parameters of the transmitting point and the parameter of the receiving point may be determined according to actual conditions, which are not limited herein. As an example, the transmitting point parameter may be the coordinates of the transmitting point; the receiving point parameter may be the coordinates of the receiving point.

The second preset mode can be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here. As an example, the second preset manner may be to determine the distance behind the face in the tunnel according to the positions where the parameters of the transmitting point and the parameters of the receiving point are located.

The process of determining the preset spatial range may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the preset spatial range may be determined according to the positions where the parameters of the transmitting point and the parameters of the receiving point are located. The processing of the transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter based on the second preset manner, and the determination of the preset spatial range may be, according to the location where the transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter are located, determine the tunnel in the tunnel. The distance behind the face of the face; based on the first preset threshold, the distance in front of the face in the tunnel is determined; the first distance is determined based on the sum of the distance in front of the face in the tunnel and the distance behind the face in the tunnel , the first distance represents the length distance of the spatial range where the tunnel is located; the second distance is determined based on a second preset threshold, and the second distance represents the width distance of the spatial range where the tunnel is located; based on the third preset threshold A third distance is determined, where the third distance represents a height distance of a spatial range where the tunnel is located; the preset spatial range is determined based on the first distance, the second distance and the third distance. Wherein, the first preset threshold, the second preset threshold and the third preset threshold may all be determined according to empirical values, which may be the same or different, which are not limited herein.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, after the wavefront travel time in the tunnel is determined based on the first model and the second model, the method further includes:

Preset processing is performed on the wavefront travel time to obtain a processing result, and the processing result is used for migration imaging.

In this embodiment, the preset processing may be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. As an example, the preset processing may be to output the travel time of the wavefront as the actual travel time of the seismic wave. The preset processing of the wavefront travel time, and the obtained processing result may be: outputting the wavefront travel time to obtain the actual travel time of the seismic wave.

For the convenience of understanding, an example of a practical application scenario of the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel seismic reflection wave method is illustrated here. step:

Step 1: Coordinate measurement.

Different tunnels and different construction techniques lead to different construction parameters in the tunnel. The tunnel diameter D, the tunnel side wall height H, etc. need to be accurately measured. Arrange shot points in the tunnel as launch points and receive points in the tunnel, measure the spatial coordinates of shot point _{Sn and the spatial coordinates of receiving point R n ,} the spatial coordinates of reference point A and the spatial coordinates of reference point B coordinate. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first model in the method for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , the reference point A=(fx, fy, fz) can be selected as the center point of the dome of the tunnel face. Point B=(fx1, fy1, fz1) can be selected as the center point of the vault at a certain distance from the face, fz1=fz. Among them, the geodetic coordinates of the point to be measured can be measured by measuring equipment, and the relative coordinates of the point to be measured based on a certain point as the origin can also be measured.

Step 2: Determination of direct wave velocity.

In the excavated section of the tunnel behind the face of the current tunnel, the direct wave velocity Vp of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is measured by using the existing data and the seismic direct wave method. Simply, the survey lines can be arranged in a linear arrangement on the side wall of the tunnel, pick up the time when each survey line receives the direct wave, and draw a straight line between the distance and time of the direct wave, and the slope of the straight line is the back of the tunnel face. The direct wave velocity Vp of the tunnel surrounding rock of the wave.

Step 3: Spatial Modeling.

确定所述隧道的掘进方向，即模型的x方向，取向量

的水平垂直方向为y方向，取向量BA垂向垂直方向为z方向，即确定模型空间的x、y、z三个方向，如图3所示。Determine the direction according to the reference point A and the reference point B, take the reference point A as the origin, and get the vector

Determine the driving direction of the tunnel, that is, the x-direction of the model, oriented to the vector

The horizontal and vertical direction of BA is the y direction, and the vertical direction of the orientation vector BA is the z direction, that is, the three directions of x, y, and z in the model space are determined, as shown in Figure 3.

Through the vector relationship coordinate conversion, the shot point _Sn measurement coordinates (gx, gy, gz) are converted into the model coordinates (ggx, ggy, ggz) with the reference point A as the origin. The specific calculation process can refer to the following formula ( 1), (2), (3).

ggz=gz-fz (3)

Take the reference point A as the origin, and take the space range of Lx×Ly×Lz as the model calculation space. The model space is meshed with Δx, Δy, and Δz as the spacing, and the actual 3D forecast grid model is constructed. The smaller the grid spacing, the higher the accuracy, and the actual value is 5m. Among them, Lx is the sum of the distances in front of the face in the tunnel and behind the face in the tunnel, the length in front of the face is the predicted length, generally 150-200m, and the length behind the face can include the position of the shot point and the receiving point. 100m; Ly can be 100m, Lz can be 100m.

Step 4: Velocity modeling.

First, assign the direct wave velocity Vp to the entire model space, and then assign the grid of the tunnel space to the seismic wave velocity 340m/s in the air. Scan the 3D model space through velocity analysis to obtain the 3D velocity in front of the tunnel face. , to construct a 3D velocity body for the entire model space.

Step 5: Calculation of travel time.

Based on the space model of the aforementioned shot point, the wavefront traveltime is calculated according to the Huygens principle, and the accurate traveltime calculation of the three-dimensional tunnel space is realized. This embodiment uses the Fast Marching Method (FMM) to calculate the wave front.

Taking a two-dimensional model as an example, first, the model is gridded and all grid points are divided into 3 point sets: accepted values, narrowband of trial values, and far Collection of points (far awayvalues). Among them, it is recognized that the grid point set is a point set with an initial value, and the calculated median value does not change. The grid point represented by the black solid point is the recognized value point set; the near grid point set is a grid point adjacent to the recognized value grid point. Although a value has been calculated for the points of the set, this value is not necessarily the minimum travel time, so the value of the grid point will change; the far point set is a grid point except the recognized value grid point and the near grid point in the model. Marked as far point, the gray solid point on the right in Figure 4 represents the far point set. In the far point set, the travel time of the grid points has not been calculated. Secondly, in the calculated travel time of the set of near points, find the point with the minimum travel time, remove the point from the set of near points, and then add the point to the set of recognized value lattice points; The adjacent grid points are included in the near-point set, and if the adjacent grid points belong to the far-point set, they are eliminated; then use the function equation to recalculate the travel time size of the grid point adjacent to the grid point, if the calculated travel time is smaller than the original If the value is large, then keep the original value; if it is smaller than the original value, it means that this value is the real travel time of the point, so replace the original value; keep calculating until the set of recognized value grid points covers the entire model; the advantage in Figure 4 The area (upwind side) is the recognized value point set of the above point set, the narrowband area (narrowband of trial values) is the near grid point set, and the downwind area (downwind) is the far grid point set. The calculation area of the FMM algorithm is always in the neighborhood of the upwind area (the set of recognized value points), so the travel time of the grid points in the upwind area (the set of recognized value points) must be the smallest, and the narrow band of the wavefront (the set of near grid points) is selected. The grid point with the smallest travel time in the middle calculates the value of the neighboring points until the grid nodes are all calculated.

Step 6: Output the travel time of the wavefront.

The wave front time of the receiving point is taken as the travel time of the actual seismic wave from the shot point to the receiving point, and it participates in the calculation of subsequent migration imaging. 5 is a schematic view of a slice of the wavefront travel time in the tunnel according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , according to the slice of the wavefront travel time of the vertical fault model 50 meters in front of the tunnel face, it can be seen that the tunnel is 50 meters in front of the face The abnormal wavefront travel time of the fault clearly reflects the influence of the actual tunnel space on the seismic wave propagation, which is more accurate than the travel time calculated by the conventional method.

In this embodiment, the coordinates and parameters measured in the actual tunnel space are converted using vectors to obtain a three-dimensional forecast model centered on the reference point. The space coordinates measured on the actual site can be absolute coordinates or relative coordinates, which improves the Feasibility of field data collection. The entire model space is meshed, and the acoustic velocity is assigned to the tunnel space mesh. The velocity in front of the tunnel face is obtained by velocity analysis, and the three-dimensional velocity volume of the entire model space is obtained.

This embodiment also aims at the complex problem of the three-dimensional model space seismic wave propagation path. According to the Huygens principle, the fast travel method is introduced to calculate the wavefront travel time, which avoids the calculation of the actual propagation path, and directly replaces the reflected wave according to the wavefront time of the shot point. when leaving. Since the influence of the actual tunnel space on the propagation of seismic waves is considered, the travel time calculation is more accurate than the conventional method, and the three-dimensional travel time calculation based on the actual tunnel space is realized.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6 , the device 600 includes:

an acquisition module 601, configured to acquire parameters related to the tunnel;

a first determining module 602, configured to determine a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel;

A first processing module 603, configured to perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the wavefront velocity property in the tunnel;

The second determination module 604 is configured to determine the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model.

In other embodiments, the apparatus 600 further includes a second processing module, configured to process the back of the face in the tunnel based on a first preset method to obtain the first velocity of the square wave behind the face .

In other embodiments, the first processing module 603 is further configured to determine, based on the first velocity, the second velocity of the front wave in the tunnel; The second model corresponding to the tunnel is determined by setting the wave speed, the first speed and the second speed.

In other embodiments, the first determining module 602 is further configured to determine the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the direction information of the tunnel and the parameter.

In other embodiments, the parameters include at least a first reference point parameter and a second reference point parameter; the apparatus 600 further includes a third determining module, configured to be based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter to determine the direction information.

In other embodiments, the first determining module 602 is further configured to determine the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the preset spatial range and the parameter.

In other embodiments, the parameters include at least a transmission point parameter and a reception point parameter; the apparatus 600 further includes a fourth determination module, configured to determine the transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter based on a second preset manner processing to determine the preset spatial range.

In other embodiments, the apparatus 600 further includes a third processing module for determining the wavefront travel time in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model. Preset processing is performed to obtain a processing result, where the processing result is used for offset imaging.

The descriptions of the above apparatus embodiments are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments, and have similar beneficial effects to the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of the present invention, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention to understand.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, if the above-mentioned method for determining the tunnel wavefront travel time is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. middle. Based on this understanding, the technical embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention essentially or the parts that make contributions to the prior art may be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for All or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention are executed by a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) for determining the time traveled of the tunnel wavefront. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk and other mediums that can store program codes. As such, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to achieve any of the above-described methods.

Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step in the above-mentioned method is implemented.

It should be pointed out here that the descriptions of the above storage medium and device embodiments are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments, and have similar beneficial effects to the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the storage medium and device of the present invention, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention to understand.

It should be noted that FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity structure of a device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7 , the hardware entity of the device 700 for determining tunnel wavefront travel time includes: a processor 701 and memory 703 , optionally, the device 700 for determining the tunneling wavefront travel time may further include a communication interface 702 .

It is understood that the memory 703 may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, and may also include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), a programmable read-only memory (PROM, Programmable Read-Only Memory), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM, Erasable Programmable Read-only memory) Only Memory), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), Magnetic Random Access Memory (FRAM, ferromagnetic random access memory), Flash Memory (Flash Memory), Magnetic Surface Memory , CD-ROM, or Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory); the magnetic surface memory can be a magnetic disk memory or a tape memory. The volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache memory. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Synchronous Static Random Access Memory (SSRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory Memory (DRAM, Dynamic Random Access Memory), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM, SynchronousDynamic Random Access Memory), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDRSDRAM, Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory), Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM, Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory), Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory (SLDRAM, SyncLink Dynamic Random Access Memory), Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory (DRRAM, Direct Rambus Random Access Memory) . The memory 703 described in the embodiments of the present invention is intended to include, but not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

The methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 701 or implemented by the processor 701 . The processor 701 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above-mentioned method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 701 or an instruction in the form of software. The above-mentioned processor 701 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. The processor 701 may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium, and the storage medium is located in the memory 703, and the processor 701 reads the information in the memory 703, and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware.

In an exemplary embodiment, the device for determining the tunneling wavefront travel time may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC, Application Specific Integrated Circuit), DSP, Programmable Logic Device (PLD, Programmable Logic Device), complex programmable Logic Device (CPLD, Complex Programmable LogicDevice), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA, Field-Programmable Gate Array), General Purpose Processor, Controller, Microcontroller (MCU, Micro Controller Unit), Microprocessor (Microprocessor), or other electronic components to implement the aforementioned method.

In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed method and apparatus may be implemented in other manners. The apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined, or Can be integrated into another observable, or some features can be ignored, or not enforced. In addition, the communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The unit described above as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units; Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of this embodiment.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by program instructions related to hardware, the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the execution includes: The steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated units in the embodiments of the present invention are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention essentially or the parts that make contributions to the prior art may be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for All or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention are executed by a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) for determining the time traveled of the tunnel wavefront. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The present invention is the method, device and computer storage medium for determining the tunneling wavefront travel time described in the examples, only the embodiment of the present invention is used as an example, but is not limited to this, as long as the method, device and computer storage medium for determining the tunneling wavefront traveltime are involved. Computer storage media are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is to be understood that reference throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic associated with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, rather than the embodiments of the present invention. implementation constitutes any limitation. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

It should be noted that, herein, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions. Included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. a determination method of tunnel wave front travel time, is characterized in that, described method comprises: obtain parameters related to the tunnel; A first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel; Perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the wavefront velocity property in the tunnel; Based on the first model and the second model, a wavefront travel time in the tunnel is determined. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The rear of the face in the tunnel is processed based on the first preset method to obtain the first velocity of the square wave behind the face. 3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein, performing wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel, comprising: 3 . Based on the first velocity, determining a second velocity of the front wave in the tunnel in front of the tunnel; A second model corresponding to the tunnel is determined based on the preset wave velocity, the first velocity and the second velocity of the square wave behind the face. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter comprises: Based on the direction information of the tunnel and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the parameters include at least a first reference point parameter and a second reference point parameter; the method further comprises: The direction information is determined based on the first reference point parameter and the second reference point parameter. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter comprises: Based on the preset spatial range and the parameter, a first model corresponding to the tunnel is determined. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the parameters include at least a transmission point parameter and a reception point parameter; the method further comprises: The transmission point parameter and the reception point parameter are processed based on the second preset manner to determine the preset spatial range. 8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein after the wavefront travel time in the tunnel is determined based on the first model and the second model, the method further comprises: 8 . Preset processing is performed on the wavefront travel time to obtain a processing result, and the processing result is used for migration imaging. 9. A device for determining tunnel wavefront travel time, characterized in that, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring parameters related to the tunnel; a first determining module, configured to determine a first model corresponding to the tunnel based on the parameter; the first model represents a characteristic attribute of the tunnel; a first processing module, configured to perform wave velocity processing on the first model to obtain a second model corresponding to the tunnel; the second model represents the property of the wavefront velocity in the tunnel; A second determining module, configured to determine the travel time of the wavefront in the tunnel based on the first model and the second model. 10. A device for determining tunneling wavefront travel time, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, wherein the processor implements claim 1 when executing the program to the steps of any of the methods described in 8. 11. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

Images