CN107817524B - The method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography - Google Patents
The method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/34—Displaying seismic recordings or visualisation of seismic data or attributes
- G01V1/345—Visualisation of seismic data or attributes, e.g. in 3D cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/284—Application of the shear wave component and/or several components of the seismic signal
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography.It is taken out in tunnel, suction road road and coal road at the bottom in coal seam, it is provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus, the method of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided by the invention includes: to obtain the seismic signal of seismic wave that the focus that all wave detectors receive issues after propagating for each focus；According to seismic signal corresponding with each focus and path length collection, spread speed distributed image of the P wave in the space that bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road in seismic wave is obtained；Path length collection is the set for the path length composition that seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure in above-mentioned space during the seismic wave that the focus of prediction issues reaches each wave detector.The method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography of the invention the construction feature of practical working face of coal seam can be accurately reacted at image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine exploration engineering more particularly to a kind of method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography.
Background technique
The application of coal mine machinery, so that coal mining level is improved, the arrangement of the working face of coal seam of bank also more becomes
The wide and long trend in the face Xiang Yu great, it is therefore desirable to further strengthen the degree of concern to geological conditions in working face.Safety of coal mines is raw
The top priority of production be guarantee staff safety, however the latent geologic anomaly in working face of coal seam often will cause it is huge
Economic loss and casualties.Specifically include type, accurate location and the scale of the geologic bodies such as buried structure.Have in time
It is most important to find out to effect that the geological conditions in working face efficiently produces mine safety.
Wherein, electromagnetic method class and other class geophysical prospecting methods are insensitive to fluctuating geological structure, and the Technology of Seismic Tomography
It can be according to the fluctuating geological structure of formed image detection to working face of coal seam；For example formed image can be seimic wave propagation
The distributed image of speed, since seismic wave is slow in coal seam spread speed, spread speed is fast in the rock stratum around coal seam, therefore,
The geological structure in coal seam can be determined according to the distributed image of seismic wave propagation speed.But due to the sky of coal mine work area
Between limit, the image that current three-dimensional seismic tomography method obtains is inaccurate, so that according to the image to coal seam
The architectonic judgement inaccuracy of working face.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of three-dimensional seismic tomography, is worked in the prior art coal seam with overcoming
The technical problem of the architectonic judgement inaccuracy in face.
The application provides a kind of method of three-dimensional seismic tomography, takes out tunnel, suction road road and described at the bottom in coal seam
In the coal road in coal seam, it is provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus；In imaging process, each focus, which is triggered, issues seismic wave
The number of the focus that time is identical and same time issues seismic wave be one；The described method includes:
For each focus, earthquake of the seismic wave for the focus sending that all wave detectors receive after propagating is obtained
Wave signal；
According to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave is taken out at the bottom
Spread speed distributed image in space between tunnel and suction road road；Wherein, the corresponding path length collection of each focus,
The path length collection is during the seismic wave that the focus of prediction issues reaches each wave detector, and the seismic wave is three
The set for the path length composition propagated in each network element of rate pattern is tieed up, the three-dimensional velocity structure is the three-dimensional in the space
Rate pattern.
Method as described above obtains seismic wave according to all seismic signals and all path length collection
In P wave before the spread speed distributed image in the space that the bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road, further includes:
Relative positional relationship and the respective geometry between tunnel, suction road road, coal road and coal seam are taken out according to the bottom
Attribute creates the three-dimensional velocity structure；
For each focus, according to the three-dimensional velocity structure, the spatial position of the focus and each wave detector
Spatial position, during predicting each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus issues, the seismic wave is in the three-dimensional speed
The path length propagated in each network element of model is spent, each path length forms the path length collection.
Method as described above, it is described according to the three-dimensional velocity structure, the spatial position of the focus and each inspection
The spatial position of wave device, during predicting each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus issues, the seismic wave is described
The path length propagated in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure, comprising:
Three-dimensional grid subdivision is carried out to the three-dimensional velocity structure, obtains each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure；
The focus is predicted according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector using ray-tracing algorithm
During the seismic wave of sending reaches each wave detector, what the seismic wave was propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Path length.
Method as described above, it is described according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, obtain earthquake
Spread speed distributed image of the P wave in the space that the bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road in wave, comprising:
Is picked up by the P wave and is arrived according to the seismic signal that each wave detector is respectively received for each focus
Up to each wave detector travelling when, collection when composition travelling when each travelling；
According to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, spread speed of the P wave in the space point is obtained
Cloth image.
Method as described above, it is described according to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, the P wave is obtained described
Spread speed distributed image in spatial domain, comprising:
For each focus, collection and the focus corresponding road when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Electrical path length collection obtains spread speed corresponding slowness of the P wave of the seismic wave in each network element, each slowness composition
Slowness collection；
According to the corresponding slowness collection of the focus being finally triggered, spread speed of the P wave in the space point is obtained
Cloth image.
Method as described above, for each focus, when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling collection and
It is corresponding slow to obtain the seismic wave respective spread speed in each network element for the corresponding path length collection of the focus
Degree, comprising:
For each focus, collection and the focus corresponding road when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Electrical path length collection obtains the seismic wave respective biography in each network element using the algorithm based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
Broadcast the corresponding slowness of speed；
Wherein, the initial value of next corresponding slowness collection of focus being triggered is using based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
The corresponding slowness collection of the focus being currently triggered that algorithm obtains.
The application also provides a kind of device of three-dimensional seismic tomography, takes out tunnel, suction road road and institute at the bottom in coal seam
It states in the coal road in coal seam, is provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus；In imaging process, each focus, which is triggered, issues earthquake
The number for the focus that the time of wave is identical and same time issues seismic wave is one；Described device includes:
Module is obtained, for each focus, the acquisition module is for obtaining the focus that all wave detectors receive
Seismic signal of the seismic wave of sending after propagating；
Image-forming module, for obtaining the P in seismic wave according to all seismic signals and all path length collection
Spread speed distributed image of the wave in the space that the bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road；Wherein, each focus corresponding one
A path length collection, during the path length collection is each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus of prediction issues,
The set for the path length composition that the seismic wave is propagated in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure, the three-dimensional velocity structure are
The three-dimensional velocity structure in the space.
Device as described above, described device further include: creation module and path length obtain module；
The creation module is used for, and is taken out the relative position between tunnel, suction road road, coal road and coal seam according to the bottom and is closed
System and respective geometric attribute create the three-dimensional velocity structure；
The path length obtains module and is used for, for each focus, according to the three-dimensional velocity structure, the focus
The spatial position of spatial position and each wave detector predicts that the seismic wave of the focus sending reaches the process of each wave detector
In, the path length that the seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure, each path length forms institute
State path length collection.
Device as described above, the path length obtain module and are specifically used for:
Three-dimensional grid subdivision is carried out to the three-dimensional velocity structure, obtains each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure；
The focus is predicted according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector using ray-tracing algorithm
During the seismic wave of sending reaches each wave detector, what the seismic wave was propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Path length.
Device as described above, image-forming module are specifically used for:
Is picked up by the P wave and is arrived according to the seismic signal that each wave detector is respectively received for each focus
Up to each wave detector travelling when, collection when composition travelling when each travelling；
According to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, spread speed of the P wave in the space point is obtained
Cloth image.
The present invention takes out tunnel in the suction road road in coal seam and bottom and is respectively provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus, that is, is being parallel to
It is provided with sensing point on the direction of coal seam, is also being provided with sensing point, the ground that each wave detector receives perpendicular on the direction of coal seam
Seismic wave signal can comprehensively react the three-dimensional feature in coal seam, therefore, all seismic signals received according to each wave detector,
Spread speed distributed image of the P wave in the space that bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road in obtained seismic wave is more accurate
With it is clear, the construction feature of practical working face of coal seam can be accurately reacted at image.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is seismic wave R-T unit arrangement schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the process of the embodiment of the method one provided by the invention that three-dimensional seismic tomography is carried out to working face of coal seam
Figure；
Fig. 3 is actual geological structure schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is cutting for the result for using method of the invention to the geological structure progress three-dimensional seismic tomography in Fig. 3
Piece figure；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the Installation practice one of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the Installation practice one of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided by the invention；
Description of symbols:
Take out tunnel in the bottom 1-；
2- suction road road；
3- coal road；
11- wave detector；
12- focus.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is seismic wave R-T unit arrangement schematic diagram provided by the invention, and Fig. 2 is 3-D seismics layer provided by the invention
The flow chart for analysing the embodiment of the method one of imaging takes out the coal road in tunnel 1, suction road road 2 and coal seam 4 at the bottom in coal seam referring to Fig. 1
In 3, it is provided with multiple wave detectors 11 and multiple focus 12；In imaging process, each focus be triggered issue seismic wave when
Between the number of the focus 12 that issues seismic wave of not identical and same time be one；Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, the method for the present embodiment
May include:
Step S101, for each focus, the seismic wave for the focus sending that all wave detectors receive is obtained through propagating
Seismic signal afterwards；
Specifically, the executing subject of the present embodiment can be the device of 3-D seismics imaging, such as computer, and seismic detector is from inspection
Wave device obtains seismic signal, and seismic signal is sent to the device of 3-D seismics imaging, and seismic detector may be provided in coal road.
As shown in Figure 1, being provided with multiple wave detectors in the coal road that tunnel, suction road road and coal seam are taken out in the bottom in coal seam
With multiple focus, preferably in the coal road that tunnel, suction road road and coal seam are taken out in the bottom in coal seam, wave detector and focus are alternating
It is arranged, is i.e. is provided with a wave detector between two focus, a focus is provided between two detection groups.Wherein, for inspection
The number of wave device and focus, this embodiment is not limited.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that in a certain range, the number of wave detector and focus is more, dimensionally
Image formed by shake chromatography imaging method is more accurate and clear, to be carried out according to geological structure of the image to working face of coal seam
The accuracy of judgement is higher.
Optionally, it is taken out in tunnel the bottom of at, the spacing between wave detector is 20m, and the spacing between focus is 20m；It is taken out in height
In tunnel, the spacing between wave detector is 20m, and the spacing between focus is 20m；In coal road, the spacing between wave detector is
20m, the spacing between focus are 20m.
In specific imaging process, each focus is triggered one by one and issues seismic wave, the seismic wave that each focus issues is identical.Than
Such as, first triggering A focus issues seismic wave, and all wave detectors can receive seismic signal of the seismic wave after propagating,
The device of 3-D seismics imaging obtains the A focus that all wave detectors receive and issues seismic wave letter of the seismic wave after propagating
Number；For A focus, each received each seismic signal of wave detector forms a common-shot-gather a, for example the number of wave detector is
200, then there are 200 seismic signals in common-shot-gather a.Then triggering B focus issues seismic wave, at this point, A focus stops
Seismic wave is only issued, all wave detectors can receive B focus and issue seismic signal of the seismic wave after propagating, dimensionally
The device of shake imaging obtains the B focus that all wave detectors receive and issues seismic signal of the seismic wave after propagating；For B
Focus, each received each seismic signal of wave detector forms a common-shot-gather b, for example the number of wave detector is 200, then
There are 200 seismic signals in common-shot-gather b.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the number of wave detector is 200, then if the number of focus is 200
One kind having 200 common-shot-gathers, includes 200 seismic signals in each common-shot-gather.
Step S102, according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave exists
Take out the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel and suction road road in bottom；Wherein, the corresponding path length of each focus
Degree collection, path length collection are during the seismic wave that the focus of prediction issues reaches each wave detector, and the seismic wave is in three-dimensional
The set for the path length composition propagated in each network element of rate pattern, three-dimensional velocity structure be bottom take out tunnel and suction road road it
Between space three-dimensional velocity structure.
Specifically, according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave exists
It takes out before the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel and suction road road at bottom, it is also necessary to which tunnel, high pumping are taken out the bottom of according to
Relative positional relationship and respective geometric attribute creation bottom between tunnel, coal road and coal seam are taken out between tunnel and suction road road
The corresponding three-dimensional velocity structure in space.
Wherein, the relative positional relationship between tunnel, suction road road, coal road and coal seam is taken out at bottom, for example can be, tunnel is taken out at bottom
Below the coal seam at several meters, tunnel is taken out in which angle in coal seam in bottom, and above the coal seam at several meters, suction road road exists in suction road road
Which angle in coal seam etc..
Geometric attribute can such as take out length, width, the height in tunnel, length, width, the height in suction road road, coal the bottom of for
The thickness of layer, the length of coal road, width, height etc..Wherein, the thickness close to the coal seam of coal road can be obtained by measurement, far
The thickness in the coal seam from coal road can be obtained by prediction.
Method in the prior art can be used in the specific creation algorithm of three-dimensional velocity structure, repeats no more in the present embodiment.
After the three-dimensional velocity structure for creating the space between bottom pumping tunnel and suction road road, for each focus, root
According to three-dimensional velocity structure, the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, predict that the seismic wave that the focus issues reaches
During each wave detector, the path length which propagates in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure, each path length group
At path length collection.That is, the corresponding path length collection of each focus.
Specifically, according to three-dimensional velocity structure, the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, focus hair is predicted
Seismic wave out reaches during each wave detector connects, the path length that seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Degree, comprising:
(1), the three-dimensional velocity structure that the space between tunnel and suction road road is taken out the bottom of to carries out three-dimensional grid subdivision, obtains
Each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure；
(2), using ray-tracing algorithm, according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, the shake is predicted
During the seismic wave that source issues reaches each wave detector, path which propagates in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Length.
Wherein, the three-dimensional velocity structure for the space between tunnel and suction road road being taken out the bottom of to carries out three-dimensional grid subdivision, obtains
Method to each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure is method in the prior art, and this embodiment is not repeated；Network element is square
Grid.
The acquisition methods of the corresponding path length collection of a focus are illustrated by taking Straight ray trace method as an example below.
When a focus issues seismic wave, all wave detectors can receive earthquake of the seismic wave after propagating
Therefore wave signal corresponds to different wave detectors, the propagation path of the seismic wave is not identical.
For A focus, a wave detector, according to three-dimensional coordinate of the A focus in three-dimensional velocity structure and a wave detector in three-dimensional
The slope K of the ray of A focus and a wave detector is obtained in coordinate in rate pattern, this ray is modeled as A focus and is issued
Seismic wave reach a wave detector path；The seat of the intersection point of each network element of the ray and three-dimensional velocity structure is obtained according to slope K
Mark, if the ray and some network element do not have intersection point, it is believed that the intersecting point coordinate of the ray and the network element is (0,0,0).Root
It is predictable to obtain what A focus issued using Euler's formula according to the coordinate of the ray and the intersection point of each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure
Diffusion path length d during seismic wave arrival a wave detector in each network elementij, wherein i indicates that a wave detector is i-th
Wave detector, j=1,2 ... ..., J, J are the total number of network element.If a wave detector is the 5th wave detector, the total number of network element is 100
A, then the seismic wave for measuring the sending of A focus reaches diffusion path length d in each network element during a wave detectorijPacket
It includes: (d51, d52... ..., d100)；If the 5th network element does not have intersection point, d with the ray for crossing A focus and a wave detector55=0, successively
Analogize.
According to the above method, the seismic wave that the sending of A focus can be obtained is reached during each wave detector in each network element
Diffusion path length.Therefore, the path length collection of a focus is represented by { dij| i=1,2 ... ..., I, j=1,2 ... ...,
J }, I is the total number of wave detector.If I=200, the number of network element is 100, then the path length concentration of a focus includes
2000 path lengths.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that there are 100 path length collection if the number of focus is 100.
Correspondingly, according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave in seismic wave is obtained the bottom of at
Take out the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel and suction road road, comprising:
Is picked up by P wave and reaches each wave detector according to the seismic signal that each wave detector is respectively received for each focus
When travelling, collection when composition travelling when each travelling；
According to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, obtain seismic wave P wave bottom take out tunnel and suction road road it
Between space in spread speed distributed image.
Specifically, the P wave in seismic wave is the wave for arriving first at wave detector, alternatively referred to as first to wave.
The collection when seismic wave that each focus issues a corresponding travelling, collection is represented by { T when the travelling of a focusi|i
=1,2 ... ..., I }, I is the total number of wave detector.Corresponding to the seismic wave that a focus issues, TiIt represents in the seismic wave
P wave reaches the hourage of i-th of wave detector；If I=200, when collection includes 200 travellings when a travelling.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that if the number of focus is 100, collection when there is 100 travellings.
Wherein, according to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, seismic wave P wave is obtained the bottom of at and takes out tunnel and suction road
Spread speed distributed image in space between road, comprising:
(1), for each focus, collection road corresponding with the focus when seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Electrical path length collection, obtains spread speed corresponding slowness of the P wave of the seismic wave in each network element, and each slowness forms slowness collection；
Specifically, for each focus, collection and focus are corresponding when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Path length collection obtains the seismic wave respective propagation speed in each network element using the algorithm based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
Spend corresponding slowness；
Wherein, the initial value of next corresponding slowness collection of focus being triggered is using based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
The corresponding slowness collection of the focus being currently triggered that algorithm obtains.
Specific algorithm is as follows:
Its corresponding path length collection is written as follow the form of matrix D, D matrix by the focus A being triggered for first
The matrix arranged for I row J:
Wherein, the seismic wave that the focus A that every row in D matrix represents prediction is issued reaches the process of one of wave detector
In, respectively in the path length of the propagation of each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure；For example, the seismic wave that the first behavior focus A is issued
During reaching first wave detector, respectively in the path length of the propagation of each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure.
For first focus A being triggered seismic wave issued travelling when collection be written as follow the form of matrix T, T square
Battle array is the matrix that I row 1 arranges
Wherein, the P wave in seismic wave that the focus A that every row in T matrix represents prediction is issued reaches one of detection
When the travelling of device；TiWhen representing the travelling of P wave i-th of wave detector of arrival in the seismic wave of the focus A sending of prediction.
Due in seismic tomography, slowness may be considered along seimic wave propagation side from mathematical angle when the travelling of P wave
Upward line integral.The reconstruction of discrete picture is carried out when Inversion Calculation, available:
Wherein, LiFor path length (i-th of inspection of seismic wave arrival that the focus namely simulated issues of i-th ray
The total length of the propagation path of wave device)；V (x, y, z) is the seismic wave propagation speed under three-dimensional space；S (x, y, z) is corresponding
Slowness；dijLength (the namely seismic wave arrival i-th of focus sending for the ray fallen in i-th ray in j-th of grid
During a wave detector, the path length propagated in j-th of network element of three-dimensional velocity structure)；I be ray sum (namely
It is wave detector sum)；J is network element sum.
Therefore, following matrix equation can be obtained:
Wherein, SjIt is the slowness that seismic wave is propagated in j network element.
Above-mentioned matrix equation is solved to obtainThe slowness that seismic wave is propagated in each network element, phase can be obtained
The speed that seismic wave is propagated in each network element can be obtained with answering.
Above-mentioned matrix equation is solved frequently with Joint iteration reconstruction technique, formula are as follows:
Wherein, k=0,1 ..., it is the number of iterations.
It is first matrix SAAssign an initial value S0, above-mentioned matrix equation is substituted into, D × S is calculated0Obtain matrix T0, (d at this timei, S0)
=Ti 0, S is then obtained according to the second row in formula one1, the calculating process is repeated, until | | Sk+1-Sk||∞When < ε, stop changing
In generation, takes SA=Sk+1, ε is default error.
For the focus B being triggered, the seismic wave issued according to the corresponding path length collection of focus B and focus B is corresponding
The corresponding matrix S of slowness collection that seismic wave is propagated in each network element is calculated according to above-mentioned identical method in collection when travellingB,
At this point, calculating matrix SBWhen, assign SBInitial value be the seismic wave issued according to the corresponding path length collection of focus A and focus A
The matrix S that collection is calculated when corresponding travellingA。
It repeats the above process, until the corresponding path length collection of focus C and focus C that are triggered according to the last one issue
Seismic wave corresponding travelling when collection, the corresponding matrix S of slowness collection that seismic wave is propagated in each network element is calculatedC.Matrix SC
In each slowness value be that the slowness that final seismic wave is propagated in each network element has correspondingly finally obtained seismic wave each
The speed propagated in network element.
(2), according to the corresponding slowness collection of focus being finally triggered, the P wave obtained in seismic wave takes out tunnel and height the bottom of at
Take out the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel.
According to the corresponding slowness collection of the focus being finally triggered, the speed that seismic wave is propagated in each network element is obtained；Then
According to the speed that seismic wave is propagated in each network element, the P wave obtained in seismic wave takes out the sky between tunnel and suction road road the bottom of at
Between in spread speed distributed image.
Fig. 3 is actual geological structure schematic diagram provided by the invention, and Fig. 4 is using method of the invention in Fig. 3
Geological structure carries out the slice map of the result of three-dimensional seismic tomography.
Referring to Fig. 3, the part AA of black is working face of coal seam in Fig. 3, it can be seen that there is the working face of coal seam one to be risen
Volt constructs tomography in other words.
Referring to fig. 4, black region BB has two parts in Fig. 4, has tomography between two black regions, illustrates the present invention three
The method institute for tieing up seismic tomography is more accurate at image, the structure of practical working face of coal seam can be accurately reacted at image
Make feature.
In the present embodiment, tunnel is taken out in the suction road road in coal seam and bottom and is respectively provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus, that is, is existed
It is parallel on the direction of coal seam and is provided with sensing point, also perpendicular to the sensing point that is provided on the direction of coal seam, each wave detector is received
To seismic signal can comprehensively react the three-dimensional feature in coal seam, therefore, all earthquakes received according to each wave detector
Wave signal, spread speed distributed image of the P wave in the space that bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road in obtained seismic wave
It is more accurate and clear, the construction feature of practical working face of coal seam can be accurately reacted at image.
The method of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided in this embodiment takes out tunnel, suction road road and coal seam at the bottom in coal seam
Coal road in, be provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus；In imaging process, each focus be triggered issue seismic wave when
Between to issue the focus of seismic wave be one not identical and same time；The method of three-dimensional seismic tomography include: for each,
Obtain seismic signal of the seismic wave for the focus sending that all wave detectors receive after propagating；According to all seismic waves
Signal and all path length collection obtain the P wave in seismic wave in the space that bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road
Spread speed distributed image；Wherein, the corresponding path length collection of each focus, path length collection are that the focus of prediction issues
Seismic wave reach each wave detector during, path length composition which propagates in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure
Set, three-dimensional velocity structure is the three-dimensional velocity structure in the space that bottom is taken out between tunnel and suction road road.The present embodiment provides
Three-dimensional seismic tomography method, the spread speed distributed image of obtained seismic wave is more accurate and clear, institute at figure
Construction feature as can accurately react practical working face of coal seam.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the Installation practice one of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided by the invention, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, the device of the present embodiment may include: to obtain module 51 and image-forming module 52；Wherein, corresponding each focus, obtains module 51
For obtaining seismic signal of the seismic wave for the focus sending that all wave detectors receive after propagating；Image-forming module 52,
Tunnel and height are taken out the bottom of at for according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, obtaining the P wave in seismic wave
Take out the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel；Wherein, the corresponding path length collection of each focus, path length
Collection is during the seismic wave that the focus of prediction issues reaches each wave detector, and seismic wave passes in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure
The set for the path length composition broadcast, three-dimensional velocity structure are the three-dimensional velocity moulds in the space that bottom is taken out between tunnel and suction road road
Type.Wherein, the bottom that coal seam is arranged in multiple wave detectors and multiple focus is taken out in the coal road in tunnel, suction road road and coal seam, and
In imaging process, each focus be triggered issue seismic wave time is identical and same time issue seismic wave focus number
It is one.
Wherein, image-forming module 52 is specifically used for: for each focus, being believed according to the seismic wave that each wave detector is respectively received
Number, when pickup P wave reaches the travelling of each wave detector, collection when respectively composition is travelled when travelling；According to collection when all travellings and all roads
Electrical path length collection obtains the spread speed distributed image of P wave in space in seismic wave.
Image-forming module 52 is specifically used for: for each focus, when the seismic wave issued according to focus corresponding travelling collection and
The corresponding path length collection of focus obtains spread speed corresponding slowness of the P wave of seismic wave in each network element, each slowness composition
Slowness collection；According to the corresponding slowness collection of the focus being finally triggered, the spread speed distribution of the P wave of seismic wave in space is obtained
Image.
The device of the present embodiment can be used for executing the technical solution of above method embodiment, realization principle and technology
Effect is similar, and details are not described herein again.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the Installation practice two of three-dimensional seismic tomography provided by the invention, such as Fig. 6 institute
Show, can also include: creation module 53 and road further on the basis of the device of the present embodiment apparatus structure shown in Fig. 5
Electrical path length obtains module 54；
Creation module 53 is used for, according to bottom take out tunnel, suction road road, the relative positional relationship between coal road and coal seam and
Respective geometric attribute creates three-dimensional velocity structure；
Path length obtains module 54 and is used for, for each focus, according to three-dimensional velocity structure, focus spatial position and
The spatial position of each wave detector, during the seismic wave that prediction focus issues reaches each wave detector, seismic wave is in three-dimensional velocity mould
The path length propagated in each network element of type, each path length form path length collection.
Path length obtains module 54 and is specifically used for: carrying out three-dimensional grid subdivision to three-dimensional velocity structure, obtains three-dimensional speed
Spend each network element of model；Using ray-tracing algorithm, according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, prediction shake
During the seismic wave that source issues reaches each wave detector, path length that seismic wave is propagated in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure
Degree.
The device of the present embodiment can be used for executing the technical solution of above method embodiment, realization principle and technology
Effect is similar, and details are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above-mentioned each method embodiment can lead to
The relevant hardware of program instruction is crossed to complete.Program above-mentioned can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.The journey
When being executed, execution includes the steps that above-mentioned each method embodiment to sequence；And storage medium above-mentioned include: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or
The various media that can store program code such as person's CD.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of three-dimensional seismic tomography, which is characterized in that take out tunnel, suction road road and the coal at the bottom in coal seam
In the coal road of layer, it is provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus；In imaging process, each focus, which is triggered, issues seismic wave
The number for the focus that time is identical and same time issues seismic wave is one；The described method includes:
For each focus, seismic wave letter of the seismic wave for the focus sending that all wave detectors receive after propagating is obtained
Number；
According to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave takes out tunnel at the bottom
Spread speed distributed image in space between suction road road；Wherein, the corresponding path length collection of each focus, it is described
Path length collection is during the seismic wave that the focus of prediction issues reaches each wave detector, and the seismic wave is in three-dimensional speed
Spend the set for the path length composition propagated in each network element of model；The three-dimensional velocity structure is the three-dimensional velocity in the space
Model；
It is described according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave are taken out at the bottom
Spread speed distributed image in space between tunnel and suction road road, comprising:
Is picked up by the P wave and is reached respectively according to the seismic signal that each wave detector is respectively received for each focus
When the travelling of wave detector, collection when composition travelling when each travelling；
According to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, spread speed distribution map of the P wave in the space is obtained
Picture.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein according to all seismic signals and all paths
Length collection obtains spread speed distribution map of the P wave in the space that the bottom takes out between tunnel and suction road road in seismic wave
Before picture, further includes:
Relative positional relationship and the respective geometric attribute between tunnel, suction road road, coal road and coal seam are taken out according to the bottom
Create the three-dimensional velocity structure；
For each focus, according to the three-dimensional velocity structure, the space of the spatial position of the focus and each wave detector
Position, during predicting each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus issues, the seismic wave is in the three-dimensional velocity mould
The path length propagated in each network element of type, each path length form the path length collection.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described according to the three-dimensional velocity structure, the focus
The spatial position of spatial position and each wave detector predicts that the seismic wave of the focus sending reaches the process of each wave detector
In, path length that the seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure, comprising:
Three-dimensional grid subdivision is carried out to the three-dimensional velocity structure, obtains each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure；
Using ray-tracing algorithm, according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, predict that the focus issues
Seismic wave reach each wave detector during, path that the seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Length.
4. described in any item methods according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described according to collection when all travellings and all
Path length collection obtains spread speed distributed image of the P wave in the spatial domain, comprising:
For each focus, collection and the focus corresponding path length when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Degree collection, obtains spread speed corresponding slowness of the P wave of the seismic wave in each network element, and each slowness forms slowness
Collection；
According to the corresponding slowness collection of the focus being finally triggered, spread speed distribution map of the P wave in the space is obtained
Picture.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, for each focus, according to the earthquake of focus sending
Collection and the corresponding path length collection of the focus, it is respective in each network element to obtain the seismic wave when wave corresponding travelling
The corresponding slowness of spread speed, comprising:
For each focus, collection and the focus corresponding path length when the seismic wave issued according to the focus corresponding travelling
Degree collection obtains the seismic wave respective propagation speed in each network element using the algorithm based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
Spend corresponding slowness；
Wherein, the initial value of next corresponding slowness collection of focus being triggered is using the algorithm based on Joint iteration reconstruction technique
The corresponding slowness collection of the obtained focus being currently triggered.
6. a kind of device of three-dimensional seismic tomography, which is characterized in that take out tunnel, suction road road and the coal at the bottom in coal seam
In the coal road of layer, it is provided with multiple wave detectors and multiple focus；In imaging process, each focus, which is triggered, issues seismic wave
The number for the focus that time is identical and same time issues seismic wave is one；Described device includes:
Module is obtained, for each focus, the module that obtains is used to obtain the focus sending that all wave detectors receive
Seismic signal of the seismic wave after propagating；
Image-forming module, for according to all seismic signals and all path length collection, the P wave obtained in seismic wave to exist
Take out the spread speed distributed image in the space between tunnel and suction road road in the bottom；Wherein, the corresponding road of each focus
Electrical path length collection, it is described during the path length collection is each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus of prediction issues
The set for the path length composition that seismic wave is propagated in each network element of three-dimensional velocity structure, the three-dimensional velocity structure is described
The three-dimensional velocity structure in space；
The image-forming module is specifically used for:
Is picked up by the P wave and is reached respectively according to the seismic signal that each wave detector is respectively received for each focus
When the travelling of wave detector, collection when composition travelling when each travelling；
According to collection when all travellings and all path length collection, spread speed distribution map of the P wave in the space is obtained
Picture.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described device further include: creation module and path length obtain
Modulus block；
The creation module is used for, according to the bottom take out tunnel, suction road road, the relative positional relationship between coal road and coal seam with
And respective geometric attribute creates the three-dimensional velocity structure；
The path length obtains module and is used for, for each focus, according to the space of the three-dimensional velocity structure, the focus
The spatial position of position and each wave detector, during predicting each wave detector of seismic wave arrival that the focus issues, institute
The path length that seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure is stated, each path length forms the path
Length collection.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the path length obtains module and is specifically used for:
Three-dimensional grid subdivision is carried out to the three-dimensional velocity structure, obtains each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure；
Using ray-tracing algorithm, according to the spatial position of the spatial position of focus and each wave detector, predict that the focus issues
Seismic wave reach each wave detector during, path that the seismic wave is propagated in each network element of the three-dimensional velocity structure
Length.
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Application publication date: 20180320 Assignee: FUZHOU HUAHONG INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Anhui University of Science and Technology Contract record no.: X2021340000002 Denomination of invention: Method and device of 3D seismic tomography Granted publication date: 20190806 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20210111 |