CN115201277A - Durable electrochemical gas detection device - Google Patents

Durable electrochemical gas detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115201277A
CN115201277A CN202210340283.9A CN202210340283A CN115201277A CN 115201277 A CN115201277 A CN 115201277A CN 202210340283 A CN202210340283 A CN 202210340283A CN 115201277 A CN115201277 A CN 115201277A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
resistive material
gasket
gas detection
detection apparatus
housing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210340283.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
R·兰简
M·皮奇
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Publication of CN115201277A publication Critical patent/CN115201277A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/404—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4077—Means for protecting the electrolyte or the electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
    • G01N27/125—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer
    • G01N27/126—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer comprising organic polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4071—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases using sensor elements of laminated structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a durable electrochemical gas detection device, and specifically discloses a gas detection device which comprises a shell, a top disc, an electrochemical sensor, a gasket and a resistance material, wherein the top disc, the electrochemical sensor, the gasket and the resistance material are positioned in the shell, and the resistance material is positioned between the shell and the gasket, between the gasket and the top disc or dispersed through the gasket.

Description

Durable electrochemical gas detection device
Technical Field
Exemplary embodiments relate to the field of electrochemical sensors for gaseous compounds.
Background
Many electrochemical sensors utilize a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) to detect specific compounds. The lifetime and performance of electrochemical sensors for gaseous compounds may be limited by the durability of the electrochemical sensors. The durability of the electrochemical sensor may be affected by the deterioration of the gasket material. There is therefore a need for an improved gas detection apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
A gas detection device is disclosed that includes a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, a gasket, and a resistive material, wherein the top disk, the electrochemical sensor, the gasket, and the resistive material are located in the housing, and the resistive material is located between the housing and the gasket.
In addition or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the electrically resistive material is positioned in contact with the housing, the gasket, or both the housing and the gasket.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the resistive material has a thickness of 2 to 5000 microns.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 1000 microns.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the resistive material comprises a paint, a film, or an anodized layer.
Also disclosed is a gas detection device comprising a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, a gasket, and a resistive material, wherein the top disk, the electrochemical sensor, the gasket, and the resistive material are located in the housing, and the resistive material is located between the top disk and the gasket.
In addition or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the electrically resistive material is positioned in contact with the top disk, the gasket, or both the top disk and the gasket.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 5000 microns.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the resistive material comprises a paint, a film, or an anodized layer.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
Also disclosed is a gas detection device comprising a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, and a composite gasket, wherein the composite gasket comprises a resistive material on an outer surface and a material different from the resistive material on an inner surface of the composite gasket, the resistive material being located between two layers of material different from the resistive material, or the resistive material being dispersed in a material different from the resistive material.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, an outer surface of the gasket comprising a resistive material is positioned adjacent to the housing.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, an outer surface of the washer comprising a resistive material is positioned adjacent the top disk.
In addition to or as an alternative to one or more of the features described above, the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 5000 microns.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or as an alternative to any of the previous embodiments, the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
Drawings
The following description should not be considered limiting in any way. Referring to the drawings, like elements are numbered alike:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a gas detection apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrochemical sensor having an MEA;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a gas detection device, an
Fig. 4A-C illustrate an embodiment of a composite washer.
Detailed Description
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and methods is presented herein by way of illustration, and not limitation, with reference to the figures.
Electrochemical sensor performance and durability relies at least in part on durable gasket materials having high electrical resistivity (little to no conductivity). Currently employed gasket materials (such as natural rubber, butyl rubber, and carbon filled rubber) can degrade over time and cause current bypass. Current bypassing results in poor sensor signal, reduced sensitivity and shortened sensor life. To address this issue, the gas detection apparatus described herein includes a resistive material between the gasket and the sensor housing or between the gasket and the top disk. The resistive material provides a barrier to current bypass that may occur due to gasket degradation. By providing an additional layer of electrically resistive material, the durability of the gas detection device is improved and the lifetime of the device is extended.
Fig. 1 shows a gas detection device 10, the gas detection device 10 having a top disk 20, a first passageway 30, an electrochemical sensor 40, a gasket 50, a resistive material 55, a housing 60, a bottom disk 70, a second passageway 80, and an optional reservoir 90.
The gas detection device 10 may be configured to detect carbon monoxide, volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs), or explosive gases such as ethane, propane, methane, hydrogen sulfide (H) 2 S), oxygen, and hydrogen.
The housing 60 is electrically conductive. The electrochemical sensor 40 is operatively coupled to the housing 60. As shown in fig. 2, the electrochemical sensor 40 is a membrane electrode assembly including a first electrode 100, a second electrode 110, and a membrane stack 120 between the first and second electrodes. The electrochemical sensor 40 may be positioned above the optional aqueous solution in the optional reservoir 90. The aqueous solution may be water, a concentrated salt solution (such as a concentrated salt solution of sodium chloride or lithium chloride), or an acidic aqueous solution (such as a sulfuric acid solution). The second electrode is operatively connected to the housing 60 and positioned adjacent to the reservoir 90.
The membrane stack is an assembled stack of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEM) or Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes (AAEM) that allows protons or hydroxide ions to be transported from the first electrode 100 to the second electrode 110 through the membrane stack 120, but forces electrons to bypass the conductive path to the first electrode 100.
The resistive material 55 prevents current bypass through the gasket by providing an additional electrically insulating layer. In certain examples, the resistive material 55 has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms. The resistive material 55 may be formed or applied to the housing or gasket. It is also contemplated that the resistive material 55 may be located between the washer 50 and the top disk 20 as shown in fig. 3. When the resistive material 55 is formed or applied to the housing 60 or top disk 20, the resistive material 55 may be a paint, film, anodized coating, or the like. The resistive material 55 may have a thickness of 2 to 5000 microns or 10 to 1000 microns. When the resistive material 55 is applied to the gasket 50 or the top plate 20, the resistive material 55 may be paint or a thin film, and have a thickness of 10 to 5000 micrometers. The resistive material 55 may be continuous in order to prevent current leakage through gaps in the material.
It is further contemplated that the resistive material may be formed as part of the gasket 50 such that the gasket 50 is a composite gasket comprising a different resistive material than the remainder of the gasket material. Fig. 4A to 4C show different embodiments of the composite washer. In fig. 4A, resistive material 55 is located on the outer surface that will contact the housing. In fig. 4B, resistive material 55 is located on the outer surface facing the top disk. In fig. 4C, resistive material is located on both outer surfaces. In fig. 4A-4C, the second gasket material is indicated at 57. It is further contemplated that the resistive material 55 may be dispersed in a different material than the resistive material 55. The presence of islands of resistive material serves to inhibit conductive pathways that may be created in materials other than the resistive material.
Exemplary composite gasket materials include silicone rubber, butyl rubber, fluorocarbon-based fluoroelastomer materials (also known as FKM or FPM), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM rubber), natural rubber, and combinations thereof. Exemplary material combinations include silicone/butyl rubber, silicone/fluorocarbon based fluoroelastomers, and silicone/EPDM rubbers.
The use of the resistive material 55 allows for a wider selection of materials to be used for the gasket.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, element components, and/or groups thereof. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and/or "including" and the terms "including" and/or "including" support embodiments that do not incorporate elements other than those described.
While the disclosure has been described with reference to one or more exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this disclosure, but that the disclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

1. A gas detection device comprising a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, a gasket, and a resistive material, wherein the top disk, electrochemical sensor, gasket, and resistive material are located in the housing, and the resistive material is located between the housing and the gasket.
2. The gas detection device of claim 1, wherein the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
3. The gas detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistive material is positioned in contact with the housing, the gasket, or both.
4. The gas detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistive material has a thickness of 2 to 5000 microns.
5. The gas detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 1000 microns.
6. The gas detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
7. The gas detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistive material comprises a paint, a film, or an anodized layer.
8. A gas detection device comprising a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, a gasket, and a resistive material, wherein the top disk, electrochemical sensor, gasket, and resistive material are located in the housing, and the resistive material is located between the top disk and the gasket.
9. The gas detection apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
10. The gas detection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistive material is positioned in contact with the top disk, the gasket, or both.
11. The gas detection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 5000 microns.
12. The gas detection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistive material comprises a paint, a film, or an anodized layer.
13. The gas detection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
14. A gas sensing device comprising a housing, a top disk, an electrochemical sensor, and a composite gasket, wherein the composite gasket comprises a resistive material on an outer surface and a material different from the resistive material on an inner surface of the composite gasket, the resistive material being located between two layers of material different from the resistive material, or the resistive material being dispersed in a material different from the resistive material.
15. The gas detection apparatus of claim 14, wherein the gasket outer surface comprising the resistive material is positioned adjacent to the housing.
16. The gas detection apparatus of claim 14, wherein the gasket outer surface comprising the resistive material is positioned adjacent to the top disk.
17. The gas detection apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the electrochemical sensor comprises a membrane electrode assembly.
18. The gas detection apparatus of claim 14, wherein the resistive material has a thickness of 10 to 5000 microns.
19. The gas detection apparatus of claim 14, wherein the resistive material has a resistivity greater than or equal to 100000 ohms.
CN202210340283.9A 2021-04-01 2022-03-31 Durable electrochemical gas detection device Pending CN115201277A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US202163169353P 2021-04-01 2021-04-01
US63/169353 2021-04-01

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CN115201277A true CN115201277A (en) 2022-10-18

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EP (1) EP4067891A1 (en)
CN (1) CN115201277A (en)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU5345499A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-03-06 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. A membrane electrode gasket assembly
JP4248162B2 (en) * 2001-05-25 2009-04-02 フィガロ技研株式会社 Proton conductor gas sensor
AU2002258227A1 (en) * 2001-05-25 2002-12-09 Figaro Engineering Inc. Protonic conductive membrane gas sensor
JP4346860B2 (en) * 2002-04-10 2009-10-21 パナソニック株式会社 Method for producing membrane electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cell
US20130175168A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2013-07-11 Gentex Corporation Microelectrode Assemblies and Associated Electrochemical Sensors for Use in Gas and or Fire Detection Devices
CN201788166U (en) * 2010-08-30 2011-04-06 新源动力股份有限公司 CO sensor adopting composite solid electrolyte membrane
CA2806366C (en) * 2010-09-30 2016-08-09 W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh Low leakage rate composite gasket
CN102192931B (en) * 2011-03-03 2013-04-10 宁波金盾电子工业有限公司 Electrochemical carbon monoxide sensor
WO2013036808A2 (en) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Brk Brands, Inc. Carbon monoxide sensor system

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EP4067891A1 (en) 2022-10-05
US20220317085A1 (en) 2022-10-06

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