CN115182096B - Cellulose filament non-woven material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cellulose filament non-woven material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115182096B CN115182096B CN202210594097.8A CN202210594097A CN115182096B CN 115182096 B CN115182096 B CN 115182096B CN 202210594097 A CN202210594097 A CN 202210594097A CN 115182096 B CN115182096 B CN 115182096B
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 89
- LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylmorpholine N-oxide Chemical compound CN1(=O)CCOCC1 LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000381602 Vachellia nebrownii Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
- D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven, and discloses a cellulose filament non-woven material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing cellulose pulp with a solvent to dissolve cellulose, so as to prepare a spinning solution; (2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinning hole to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drawing in an air gap; the spinning trickle is subjected to multistage liquid coagulation bath, so that solvent is diffused, and cellulose trickle is solidified to form cellulose tows; (3) Depositing cellulose tows and preparing the cellulose tows into a filament fiber net in disordered arrangement; (4) washing the filament web with water; (5) The filament web is consolidated to produce a cellulosic filament nonwoven material. The invention can prepare uniform filament fiber net, and can solve the problems of incomplete diffusion of cellulose solvent, low cellulose crystallinity, influence on material strength, difficult messy web formation of cellulose filaments and the like in the preparation of the traditional cellulose filament non-woven material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven, in particular to a cellulose filament non-woven material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cellulose is a renewable resource widely existing in nature, and has huge stock, and the annual newly generated cellulose is up to 70 hundred million tons, so that the cellulose is inexhaustible. The regenerated cellulose fiber can replace synthetic fiber produced by petroleum as raw material, has rich sources and excellent performance, can be widely used, and can effectively relieve the global energy crisis.
Currently, regenerated cellulose nonwoven materials are made from staple viscose fibers. However, the viscose fiber can generate a great amount of poisonous and harmful waste water and waste gas in the preparation process, and the environmental protection problems become barriers for restricting the development of the viscose fiber non-woven fabric. Therefore, the search for safer and more reliable cellulose dissolution systems and processes, and the elimination of pollution from the source has been the pursuit goal of people.
The development success of tencel (Lyocell) fiber provides a near perfect technology for people, which takes N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) as a solvent, and is a regenerated cellulose fiber which can be prepared by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method without chemical reaction. The Lyocell fiber is environment-friendly, has no emission of harmful substances, can be naturally degraded, and the organic solvent NMMO in the production process can be recycled by 99.5 percent, so that the toxicity is extremely low, and the environment is not polluted. The existing tencel (Lyocell) non-woven material is mostly prepared by taking Lyocell short fibers as raw materials and carding, net forming and spunlacing reinforcement, but the short fiber non-woven material has complex technical process and high processing cost. The non-woven fabric prepared by directly forming the cellulose filaments has the advantages of short process flow, low energy consumption and low product cost.
The patent application WO2021170608A1 discloses a process and apparatus for producing a spunbond nonwoven fabric by: the cellulose solution containing solvent is sprayed out from a nozzle hole and drawn to form filaments, the filaments are deposited on a perforation conveying device to form a fiber web after being solidified by air flow, and the fiber web is prepared into the spun-bonded non-woven fabric after solvent washing, water jet reinforcement and drying.
The above scheme, analyzed, is deficient in that: firstly, the cellulose filaments are solidified in an airflow mode, and because the contact time of the condensed airflow and the cellulose filaments is short, the solvent in the cellulose solution is not thoroughly diffused, so that the cellulose filaments can only be partially coagulated, an intact and uniform structure is not easy to obtain, the crystallinity of cellulose is reduced, and the fiber strength is affected; secondly, the cellulose filaments after water washing in the scheme directly enter water needling for reinforcement, and the filaments are longitudinally arranged in the material, so that the transverse strength of the material is lower, and the product application is influenced.
At present, the fiber raw materials for filament web formation are mainly synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester and the like, and the cellulose filament nonwoven material is not industrially produced, so that the technical research is very little.
In summary, from the current technical research, the technical problems of uneven solvent diffusion and insufficient solidification existing in the preparation of a non-woven material by using Lyocell filaments are not solved; in addition, as the prepared cellulose filament fiber has stronger directivity, and is difficult to be messy to form a net in the later process, the longitudinal and transverse breaking strength difference of the filament nonwoven material is larger, and particularly, the transverse breaking strength of the material is lower, so that the application and popularization of the product are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that in the preparation of a cellulose filament nonwoven material, cellulose solvent is not thoroughly diffused, cellulose crystallinity is low, material strength is affected, the cellulose filaments are difficult to form a net in a mess way, and the like, the invention provides the cellulose filament nonwoven material and a preparation method thereof.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of making a cellulosic filament nonwoven material comprising the steps of:
(1) The cellulose pulp is mixed with a solvent to dissolve cellulose, and a spinning solution is prepared.
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinning hole to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drawing in an air gap; the spinning trickle is passed through a multistage liquid coagulation bath to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle to form cellulose tows.
Each section of liquid coagulation bath in the multi-section liquid coagulation bath has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage.
The technical effects of the above arrangement are:
firstly, the invention sets the liquid coagulation bath at the upper section to be low in solvent concentration, which can effectively reduce the generation of doubling, thereby reducing the defects generated by the disordered web formation of the material. However, too low a solvent concentration increases the double diffusion rate between the cellulose solvent and the non-solvent, resulting in too severe a surface layer solidification to form a firm skin, slowing down the solidification rate of the inner layer of the fiber, affecting the fiber quality. Therefore, the liquid coagulation bath located in the upper stage needs to be lowered in temperature while using a low solvent concentration to stabilize the double diffusion.
Secondly, after the sectional coagulating bath is arranged, the spinning trickle is further drawn through the coagulating bath fluid speeds at different stages. Firstly, the spinning trickle can be stably drawn and solidified in a coagulating bath channel positioned at the upper section through a coagulating bath flowing at a low speed, so that the generation of doubling is reduced, the spinning trickle forms nascent fibers, the fibers have certain strength, then the fibers are contacted and impacted with the coagulating bath flowing at a high speed, the coagulating bath positioned at the next section is completed, and the coagulating process is more complete and uniform; the setting of the sectional coagulating bath can dynamically adjust coagulating bath parameters in a sectional manner, and when the concentration of the cellulose solvent in the coagulating bath is too high, the fiber strength is low due to the small flux and imperfect fiber structure. Meanwhile, when the concentration of the cellulose solvent in the coagulating bath is too low, the solvent diffuses too fast, which is easy to cause rapid coagulation of the surface layer, densification of the structure and further blockage of double diffusion. The multistage differential coagulation bath uses coagulation baths with different concentrations and temperatures according to the spinning solution at different coagulation stages of the coagulation bath, so as to achieve the optimal coagulation effect.
(3) Cellulose tows are deposited and scrambled to form a random arrangement of filament webs.
(4) The filament web is subjected to a water wash to remove residual solvent.
(5) Reinforcing the filament web to produce the cellulosic filament nonwoven material.
Preferably, in step (1): the solvent is an aqueous solution of N-methyl morpholine oxide; the concentration of cellulose in the spinning solution is 7-12 wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 75-95 ℃.
Preferably, in step (2): the multi-section liquid coagulating bath is an upper section liquid coagulating bath and a lower section liquid coagulating bath, and the coagulating bath is water; wherein:
the concentration of N-methylmorpholine in the upper liquid coagulating bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 40-100 m/min. The concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-25 wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃; the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section is 50-150 m/min.
Preferably, in step (3): the cellulose tows are deposited onto a carrier web curtain, the solvent is removed, and the filaments are blown by an air stream to the filaments to be disorderly arranged to form a disordered array of filaments.
The invention adopts high-speed air flow to spray on the upper and lower surfaces of the filament fiber net, clamps the fiber net to strike the receiving net curtain, the obtained filament fiber net has good mess effect, can effectively improve the transverse breaking strength of the cellulose filament non-woven material, and can solve the technical problem that the filament non-woven material is not easy to mess into net.
Preferably, in step (3): the flow rate of the air flow is 15-80 m/s.
Preferably, in step (4): and carrying the filament fiber net by supporting and conveying, and washing with water in a multistage washing mode to remove residual solvent in the filament fiber.
Preferably, in step (4): the transport speed of the filament web is lower than the output speed of the web obtained after deposition in step (3).
The conveying speed of the mixed filament fiber net is designed to be lower than the output speed of the fiber net after deposition, which is beneficial to stacking filament fibers longitudinally and transversely, enhances the mixed effect of the filament fiber net and can effectively control the gram weight of the material. If the output speed of the filament web is greater than or equal to the output speed of the deposited web, the air flow will not produce a cluttered effect, while the filaments will be in a longitudinally stretched state, and no effective entanglement will be formed between the filaments during the subsequent hydroentanglement process.
Preferably, in step (4): the ratio of the filament web transport speed to the post-deposition web output speed is 0.1 to 0.8:1.
Preferably, in step (5): reinforcing, drying and rolling the washed filament fiber net to prepare the cellulose filament non-woven material; the reinforcement is a hydroentangled reinforcement.
Preferably, the cellulosic filament nonwoven material made by the above process comprisesEntangled cellulose filaments; the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the mass per unit area of the cellulose filament nonwoven material is 15-60 g/m 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the cellulose trickles are respectively drawn and solidified through the multistage coagulating bath channels, the whole coagulating process is uniform and full, the obtained cellulose has high crystallinity, compact structure and fine and high-concentration fiber network structure skeleton, and the prepared cellulose filament non-woven material has high strength, increased modulus and small elongation, and solves the technical problems of uneven solvent diffusion and insufficient coagulation in the cellulose filament fiber web.
(2) The multi-section solidification mode can effectively reduce the occurrence of doubling, further reduce defects generated in the process of messy lapping, and improve the product quality. The process adjustment is more diversified due to different coagulation bath conditions in different coagulation stages, which is beneficial to producing more uniform and variable-performance cellulose filament non-woven materials.
(3) The invention adopts high-speed air flow to spray on the upper and lower surfaces of the filament fiber net, so that the fiber net impacts the receiving net curtain, the obtained filament fiber net has good mess effect, the transverse breaking strength of the cellulose filament non-woven material can be effectively improved, and the technical problem that the filament non-woven material is not easy to mess into a net is solved.
(4) The invention adopts a solidification-mess-water washing process route, can effectively improve the working efficiency of water washing and reduce the water consumption and the occupied area of equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for producing a cellulose filament nonwoven material.
The reference numerals are: fiber forming unit 1, random web forming unit 2, web consolidation unit 3, spinning stream 4, filament web 5, cellulosic filament nonwoven 6, spinneret assembly 101, holding curtain 102, upper coagulation bath tunnel 103, lower coagulation bath tunnel 104, coagulation bath storage tank 105, transfer roll 106, transport wire 107, holding curtain guide roll 108, dewatering device 109, blowing head 110, suction roll 111, washing device 201, first blowing head 202, second blowing head 203, first web forming curtain 204, second web forming curtain 205, web forming curtain guide roll 206, first suction device 207, second suction device 208, liquid jet 209, dewatering device 210, pre-stab hydroentanglement head 211, third suction device 212, web forming curtain transport wire 213.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
General examples
A method of making a cellulosic filament nonwoven material comprising the steps of:
(1) The cellulose pulp is mixed with a solvent to dissolve cellulose, and a spinning solution with the temperature of 75-95 ℃ and the cellulose concentration of 7-12 wt% is prepared.
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinning hole to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drawing in an air gap; the spinning dope is passed through a multistage liquid coagulation bath to spread a solvent (preferably N-methylmorpholine oxide) and solidify the cellulose dope to form a cellulose tow.
Wherein each section of liquid coagulation bath in the multi-section liquid coagulation bath has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper stage is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath in the lower stage.
Preferably, the multi-stage liquid coagulating bath is an upper-stage liquid coagulating bath and a lower-stage liquid coagulating bath, and the solvent in the coagulating bath is an aqueous solution of N-methyl morpholine oxide; wherein: the concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the upper liquid coagulating bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 40-100 m/min. The concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-25 wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃; the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section is 50-150 m/min.
(3) The cellulose tows are deposited on a supporting net curtain, the solvent is removed, and air flow (the air flow contains a coagulating bath and the flow speed is 15-80 m/s) is blown to the filament fiber net to be disordered, so that the filament fiber net with disordered arrangement is formed.
(4) Carrying and conveying the filament fiber web (the conveying speed is lower than the output speed of the fiber web obtained after deposition in the step (3), the preferable speed ratio is 0.1-0.8:1), and then washing the filament fiber web by adopting a multi-stage washing mode to remove the residual solvent in the filament fiber.
(5) The fiber web of the filaments after water washing is processed by reinforcement (preferably water needling reinforcement), drying and coiling to prepare the cellulose fiber non-woven material.
The cellulose filament nonwoven material prepared by the method comprises cellulose filaments which are intertwined with each other; the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the mass per unit area of the cellulose filament nonwoven material is 15-60 g/m 2 。
A device for producing a cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises a fiber forming unit 1, a disordered web forming unit 2 and a web reinforcing unit 3 which are connected in sequence according to the advancing direction of a conveying material. Wherein:
fiber forming unit: comprises a spinneret assembly 101, an upper coagulating bath channel 103, a lower coagulating bath channel 104 and a supporting net curtain 102 which are connected in sequence, and a coagulating bath storage box 105 communicated with the upper coagulating bath channel and the lower coagulating bath channel. The spinneret assembly includes a spinneret and an air gap arrangement positioned below the spinneret. The upper coagulating bath channel is vertically arranged under the outlet of the spinneret assembly, and the lower coagulating bath channel is arranged above the supporting net curtain. The junction of the lower coagulation bath channel and the upper coagulation bath channel is provided with a transfer roller 106. Further, the concentration of the solvent in the upper coagulation bath channel after the solvent diffusion is lower than the concentration of the solvent in the lower coagulation bath channel, the temperature of the upper coagulation bath channel is lower than the temperature of the lower coagulation bath channel, and the flow speed of the liquid in the upper coagulation bath channel is higher than the spinning speed and lower than the flow speed of the liquid in the lower coagulation bath channel. The net supporting curtain and the lower coagulating bath channel are arranged obliquely upwards along the travelling direction and the horizontal plane, and the oblique angle is preferably 10-25 degrees. The supporting net curtain comprises a conveying net 107 which rotates endlessly and circularly, and a plurality of supporting net curtain guide rollers 108 for driving the conveying net; a plurality of dehydrators 109 facing the lower coagulation bath passage are arranged below the part of the conveying net corresponding to the lower coagulation bath passage. The output end of the supporting net curtain is provided with a fiber net stripping device, which comprises a blowing head 110 positioned below the conveying net and a suction roller 111 correspondingly positioned above the conveying net, and the blowing head faces the suction roller.
Clutter forming unit: including a first jet head 202, a second jet head 203, a first forming curtain 204, a second forming curtain 205, and a washing apparatus 201. The first and second forming curtains respectively comprise an endless and circularly rotating forming curtain conveying net 213 and a plurality of forming curtain guide rollers 206 for driving the forming curtain conveying net. The first jet head and the first net forming curtain are sequentially arranged above the conveying material; the second jet head and the second net forming curtain are sequentially arranged below the conveying material; the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain circularly rotate in opposite directions so as to realize the advance of clamping and conveying materials; the air flow of the first air jet head faces the upper surface of the conveying material and is opposite to the surface of the second net forming curtain; the air flow of the second jet head is directed toward the lower surface of the conveyed material opposite the surface of the first web-forming curtain. Meanwhile, the first jet head and the second jet head can realize reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the surface of the conveying material. A first suction device 207 is arranged on the inner side of the first net forming curtain opposite to the second jet head airflow; a second suction device 208 is positioned inside the second web-formed curtain opposite the first jet stream. The washing device is positioned at the downstream of the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain, and comprises a plurality of liquid spraying heads 209 and liquid removing devices 210 which are corresponding to each other and are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the conveying material. Further, according to the advancing direction of the conveying material, the liquid outlet of the liquid remover positioned at the back channel is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying head positioned at the front channel. In addition, a pre-reinforcement device is arranged at the downstream of the washing device, and comprises a pre-needling head 211 and a third suction device 212 which are correspondingly arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second net-forming curtain.
Web reinforcement unit: is a water thorn reinforcing mechanism.
Example 1
Cellulose filament nonwovenMaking material with unit area mass of 45g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Is formed by intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 1.2dtex. The preparation method of the cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) to dissolve cellulose, thereby preparing a spinning solution; the mass concentration of cellulose in the spinning solution is 10wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 85 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning trickle 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulation baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle so as to form cellulose tows;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 20wt%, and the temperature of the upper-stage coagulating bath is 20deg.C; the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 22wt%, and the temperature of the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 25 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 70m/min, and the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 100m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tows on a supporting net curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the supporting net curtain is 50m/min, and removing solvent to prepare a filament fiber net; then the filament fiber net is disordered by the action of air flow (the air flow is respectively blown to the front side and the back side of the filament fiber net and transversely reciprocates along the filament fiber net) to prepare a filament fiber net 5 in disordered arrangement; wherein the air flow speed is 30m/s;
(4) The mixed filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 25m/min, and the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times of water to remove the residual solvent in the filament fiber;
(5) The filament fiber net after water washing is processed by water needling reinforcement, drying and coiling to prepare 45g/m 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The cellulose filament nonwoven material of this embodiment is carried out using a cellulose filament nonwoven material production apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a fiber forming unit 1, a random web forming unit 2, and a web reinforcing unit 3, which are sequentially joined in the traveling direction of the conveying material. Wherein:
fiber forming unit: comprises a spinneret assembly 101, an upper coagulating bath channel 103, a lower coagulating bath channel 104 and a supporting net curtain 102 which are connected in sequence, and a coagulating bath storage box 105 communicated with the upper coagulating bath channel and the lower coagulating bath channel. Specifically, the spinneret assembly includes a spinneret plate and an air gap arrangement positioned below the spinneret plate. The upper coagulating bath channel is vertically arranged under the spinneret assembly outlet and corresponds to the spinneret assembly outlet, and coagulating bath enters from the upper input port of the upper coagulating bath channel. The lower coagulating bath channel consists of the upper surface of the net supporting curtain and the lower surface of the coagulating bath storage box, and the net supporting curtain and the lower coagulating bath channel are obliquely upwards arranged with the horizontal plane along the advancing direction, and the inclined angle is 18 degrees. The input port of the lower coagulating bath channel is connected with the output port of the upper coagulating bath channel; the junction of the lower coagulation bath channel and the upper coagulation bath channel is provided with a transfer roller 106. The supporting net curtain comprises a conveying net 107 which rotates endlessly and two supporting net curtain guide rollers 108 for driving the conveying net; five dehydrators 109 are arranged below the portion of the conveyor wire corresponding to the lower coagulation bath channel and are parallel and side by side towards the lower coagulation bath channel. The output end of the supporting net curtain is provided with a fiber net stripping device, which comprises a blowing head 110 positioned below the conveying net and a suction roller 111 correspondingly positioned above the conveying net, and the blowing head faces the suction roller.
Clutter forming unit: including a first jet head 202, a second jet head 203, a first forming curtain 204, a second forming curtain 205, and a washing apparatus 201. Specifically, the first and second forming curtains include an endless, circulating forming curtain conveying wire 213, and four forming curtain guide rollers 206 for driving the forming curtain conveying wire, respectively. The first jet head and the first net forming curtain are sequentially arranged above the filament fiber net 5; the second jet head and the second net forming curtain are sequentially arranged below the filament fiber net; the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain circularly rotate in opposite directions to realize the travelling of the clamped filament fiber web; the air flow of the first air jet head is directed toward the surface of the filament web and opposite the surface of the second web; the air flow of the second jet head is directed toward the lower surface of the filament web opposite the surface of the first web. Meanwhile, the first jet head and the second jet head can realize reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the filament web. A first suction device 207 is arranged on the inner side of the first net forming curtain opposite to the second jet head airflow; a second suction device 208 is positioned inside the second web-formed curtain opposite the first jet stream. The washing device is positioned downstream of the first and second forming curtains and comprises three pairs of liquid spraying heads 209 and liquid removing devices 210 which are corresponding to each other and are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the filament fiber web. Further, according to the advancing direction, the liquid outlet of the liquid remover positioned at the back channel is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying head positioned at the front channel. In addition, a pre-reinforcement device is arranged at the downstream of the washing device, and comprises a pre-needling head 211 and a third suction device 212 which are correspondingly arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second net-forming curtain.
Web reinforcement unit: is a water thorn reinforcing mechanism.
The working process of the production device is as follows: the cellulose spinning solution is sprayed out of a spinneret plate, cooled by an air gap device, drafted and vertically enters an upper coagulating bath channel 103; solidifying the spinning trickle 4 in a low-speed, low-temperature and low-concentration coagulating bath state; depositing the spin stream 4 onto the screen 102, introducing the spin stream 4 into the lower coagulation bath passage 104 via transfer roll 106; under the high-speed, high-temperature and high-concentration coagulating bath state, the bidirectional diffusion of the cellulose solvent is completed through the combined action of the inclined upward supporting net curtain 102, the dehydrator 109 and the like, and the cellulose trickle 4 is further drafted and solidified to form a cellulose filament net 5; the cellulose long silk screen 5 is transferred to the disordered web unit 2 from the supporting curtain 102 after being blown and absorbed by the stripping device; the cellulose long wire 5 is fed into the middle of the first jet head 202 and the second jet head 203 through guide rollers; the first jet head 202 and the second jet head 203 reciprocate in the transverse direction of the filament fiber net 5 and jet air flow on the upper surface and the lower surface of the cellulose filament net 5, and the cellulose filament net 5 is adsorbed on the surfaces of the first net forming curtain 204 and the second net forming curtain 205 and forms disordered distribution in the transverse direction under the cooperation of the first suction device 207 and the second suction device 208; the disordered filament fiber web 5 is washed by a plurality of liquid spraying heads 209 and a liquid remover 210 under the clamping of a first net forming curtain 204 and a second net forming curtain 205, and residual solvent in the fiber web is removed; and then fed into a hydroentangling system for consolidation to form a cellulosic filament nonwoven material 6.
Example 2
Cellulose filament nonwoven material with unit area mass of 16g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Is formed by intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 0.9dtex; the preparation method of the cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) to dissolve cellulose, thereby preparing a spinning solution; the mass concentration of cellulose in the spinning solution is 7wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 75 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning trickle 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulation baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle so as to form cellulose tows;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 16wt%, and the temperature of the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 15 ℃; the concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) solvent in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 20wt%, and the temperature of the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 20 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 100m/min, and the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 150m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tows on a supporting net curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the supporting net curtain is 80m/min, and removing a coagulating bath to prepare a filament fiber net; then the filament fiber net is disordered by the action of air flow (the air flow is respectively blown to the front side and the back side of the filament fiber net and transversely reciprocates along the filament fiber net) to prepare a filament fiber net 5 in disordered arrangement; wherein the air flow speed is 15m/s;
(4) The mixed filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 60m/min, and the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times to remove residual solvent in the filament fiber;
(5) The filament fiber net after water washing is processed by water needling reinforcement, drying and coiling to obtain a product of 16g/m 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The apparatus for producing the cellulose filament nonwoven material of this example was the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
Cellulose filament nonwoven material with unit area mass of 60g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Is formed by intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 1.8dtex; the preparation method of the cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) to dissolve cellulose, thereby preparing a spinning solution; the mass concentration of cellulose in the spinning solution is 12wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 95 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning trickle 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulation baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle so as to form cellulose tows;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper liquid coagulation bath is 22wt%, and the temperature of the upper liquid coagulation bath is 22 ℃; the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 25wt%, and the temperature of the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 30 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the upper-stage liquid coagulating bath is 40m/min, the flow speed of the coagulating bath in the lower-stage liquid coagulating bath is 50m/min, and the spinning speed is 30m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tows on a supporting net curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the supporting net curtain is 30m/min, and removing a coagulating bath to prepare a filament fiber net; the filament fiber net is disordered by the action of air flow (the air flow is respectively blown to the front side and the back side of the filament fiber net and transversely reciprocates along the filament fiber net) so as to prepare a three-dimensional disordered filament fiber net 5; wherein the air flow speed is 80m/s;
(4) The mixed filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 10m/min, the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times of water, and the residual solvent in the filament fiber is removed;
(5) The filament fiber after water washingThe vitamin-net is processed into a product of 60g/m after being consolidated by water needling, dried and coiled 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The apparatus for producing the cellulose filament nonwoven material of this example was the same as that of example 1.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field unless specified otherwise; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent transformation of the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a cellulosic filament nonwoven material comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with a solvent to dissolve cellulose, so as to prepare a spinning solution;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinning hole to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drawing in an air gap; the spinning trickle is subjected to multistage liquid coagulation bath, so that solvent is diffused, and cellulose trickle is solidified to form cellulose tows;
each section of liquid coagulation bath in the multi-section liquid coagulation bath has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath at the upper stage is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath at the lower stage, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath at the upper stage is lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower stage, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath at the upper stage is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower stage;
(3) Depositing cellulose tows on a supporting net curtain, removing solvent, blowing the cellulose tows to the upper surface and the lower surface of a filament fiber net respectively through air flow, transversely reciprocating along the filament fiber net, and clamping the filament fiber net to strike the supporting net curtain for disorder, so as to form a filament fiber net in disordered arrangement;
(4) Washing the filament fiber net with water to remove residual solvent;
(5) Reinforcing the filament web to produce the cellulosic filament nonwoven material.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in step (1):
the solvent is an aqueous solution of N-methyl morpholine oxide;
the concentration of cellulose in the spinning solution is 7-12 wt%;
the temperature of the spinning solution is 75-95 ℃.
3. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2): the multi-section liquid coagulating bath is an upper section liquid coagulating bath and a lower section liquid coagulating bath, and the solvent in the coagulating bath is N-methyl morpholine oxide water solution; wherein:
the concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the upper liquid coagulating bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper liquid coagulating bath is 40-100 m/min;
the concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-25 wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃; the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section is 50-150 m/min.
4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3): the flow rate of the air flow is 15-80 m/s.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4): and carrying the filament fiber net by supporting and conveying, and washing with water in a multistage washing mode to remove residual solvent in the filament fiber.
6. The method of claim 1 or 5, wherein: in the step (4): the transport speed of the filament web is lower than the output speed of the web obtained after deposition in step (3).
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein: in the step (4): the ratio of the filament web transport speed to the post-deposition web output speed is 0.1 to 0.8:1.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5):
reinforcing, drying and rolling the washed filament fiber net to prepare the cellulose filament non-woven material;
the reinforcement is a hydroentangled reinforcement.
9. A cellulose filament nonwoven material produced by the production process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises cellulose filaments which are intertwined with each other; the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the mass per unit area of the cellulose filament nonwoven material is 15-60 g/m 2 。
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| KR100575388B1 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-05-03 | 주식회사 효성 | A highly homogeneous cellulose solution and fiber produced by using the same |
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| CN101429682A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-05-13 | 东华大学 | Method for producing regenerated cellulose fiber by dual-bath coagulation |
| CN102127840A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-20 | 聚隆纤维股份有限公司 | Method for preparing natural cellulose non-woven fabric in wet spunbond mode |
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| WO2019151937A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Rise Innventia Ab | Method of wet spinning precursor fibers comprising lignin and gelling hydrocolloid, and precursor fibers therefrom |
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