CN109023724B

CN109023724B - Method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filament into nets by using filament bundle cakes as raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN109023724B
Application number: CN201811108973.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯国全; 沈利勇; 邹荣华; 石林林
Original assignee: Jiangsu Kaidi New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Kaidi New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-21
Filing date: 2018-09-21
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-21
Also published as: CN109023724A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filaments into nets by using filament bundles and cakes as raw materials, which comprises the following steps: 1) placing a cake of filament bundles on a creel and unwinding the filament bundles from the cake 2) introducing the unwound filament bundles through a guide into a godet; 3) quantitatively inputting the filament bundles into a filament separator through a filament guide disc; 4) separating the filament bundle into loose single fiber shapes through a filament expander; 5) superposing the separated single-fiber filaments by a lapping device, and lapping into a uniform fiber mesh; 6) the fiber web is processed into a non-woven fabric through a consolidation method. The invention aims to provide a method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filaments into nets, which has simple equipment, less investment and wide application raw materials and takes long-tow cakes as raw materials.

Description

Method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filament into nets by using filament bundle cakes as raw materials

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber production, in particular to a method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filaments and forming a net by using a filament bundle cake as a raw material.

Background

The conventional method for manufacturing filament non-woven fabric, commonly known as spunbonding, basically adopts a one-step route of heating, melting, extruding, metering, forming a continuous and uniform melt by a spinneret plate, cooling, air-flow stretching, lapping, consolidating (hot rolling, needling, hot air, spunlacing and the like), and winding polymer particles (such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid and the like) serving as raw materials. The production efficiency is high, and the product is widely applied. However, the product produced by the technology has the fiber fineness of below 3-5 deniers, the strength of below 3.5 g/denier and the elongation of more than 50% generally due to cooling and air flow drawing, and is difficult to meet the requirements of the application market of filament non-woven fabrics with filament fineness of above 7 deniers, strength of above 4.5 g/denier and elongation of below 35% of single filaments.

Although the processing technology for producing common filaments, modified filaments or filaments with special specifications is mature and economical in the market, the difficulty of how to unwind the filament bundles and divide the filaments into nets of the produced filament bundle cakes is the difficulty of producing filament non-woven fabrics.

Chinese patent application No.: 201310292596.2, filing date: 12/07/2013, open day: on the 25 th 09 month in 2013, the patent names are: a method for manufacturing filament non-woven fabric is disclosed. The manufacturing method of the invention adopts the following process steps: firstly, unwinding filament fibers by using a creel; the filament fiber comprises polyphenylene sulfide fiber, aramid fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, viscose fiber, polyimide fiber or polyacrylonitrile fiber, and carbon fiber, glass fiber or basalt fiber, and is untwisted continuous filament with fineness of 1-200 μm; then, ultrasonic washing is adopted to wash the filament fibers; then drying the filament fibers by using a single fiber drying device; then, the filament fibers are sent into a tubular drafting device through a speed regulating roller and a tensioner to be drafted and accelerated, then the filament fibers are uniformly dispersed through a filament swinging device, and the filament fibers are laid on a web forming curtain to form a filament fiber web; finally, the filament fiber net is made into filament non-woven fabric by a non-woven fabric processing method of needle punching, spunlace or hot rolling.

Chinese patent application No.: 97117575.6, filing date: year 1997, month 08, 30, publication date: on 10.03.1999, the patent names are: the invention discloses a long fiber web forming device and a method for manufacturing a long fiber non-woven fabric, wherein long fibers are used as raw materials, a fiber web is formed by the long fiber web forming device, and the formed fiber web is subjected to consolidation engineering, so that the long fiber non-woven fabric is obtained. The method of the invention omits an extruder and a spinning system in the general spun-bonded non-woven fabric process and omits the opening, carding and overlapping processes in the traditional short-fiber non-woven fabric process, therefore, the method of the invention not only simplifies the process, but also has wider application range because the selection of raw materials can be diversified.

Neither of the two cited patents relates to a specific devillicate net technology, and the technical key of producing filament non-woven fabrics by using filament cakes as raw materials is exactly the devillicate net device and the method for realizing the devillicate net.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a method for producing a non-woven fabric by dividing and forming a web with long tow cakes as raw materials, which has the advantages of simple equipment, low investment and wide raw material application.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme can be adopted:

a method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filament into nets with filament cakes as raw materials comprises the following steps:

step 1) placing a filament bundle cake on a creel and unwinding the filament bundle from the cake;

step 2) leading the unwound filament bundle into a godet by a thread guide;

step 3) quantitatively inputting the filament bundles into a filament separator through a godet;

step 4), separating the filament bundle into loose single fiber shapes through a filament expander;

and 5) overlapping the separated single-fiber filaments by a lapping device, and lapping into a uniform fiber mesh.

And 6) processing the fiber web into non-woven fabric by a consolidation method.

The godet can feed one or more threads simultaneously.

The godet can simultaneously feed one or more bundles unwound from the spinning cakes into the same dividing tube, and can also feed one or more bundles unwound from the spinning cakes into different dividing tubes.

The filament separator separates the filament bundle input by the godet into loose single fiber shape by compressed air.

The filament bundles are separated into loose single fibers and are paved into a uniform fiber net through the airflow diffusion action of a net paving machine.

The filament bundle cake is at least one chemical fiber or bicomponent fiber.

The chemical fiber comprises polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose, polyimide or polyacrylonitrile.

The bicomponent fiber comprises two of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose, polyimide or polyacrylonitrile materials.

The bicomponent fiber comprises two modes of mixing and compounding; the mixing means that the filament bundle consists of two fibers; the composite means that the filament bundle consists of single fibers, and the single fibers are generated by two different raw materials or one raw material and raw materials with different melting points in a composite mode.

The consolidation method comprises any one method of a stitch knitting method, a needle punching method, a hot rolling method, a spunlacing method, a hot air method, an ultrasonic method, a flame method and a chemical bonding method or a combination of any two or more methods.

The technical proposal provided by the invention has the advantages that 1) compared with the method for producing the non-woven fabric by the spun-bonded method, the method for producing the non-woven fabric has less investment; the applicable raw materials are wide; 2) the monofilament fineness range of the long tow fiber selected by the invention can be between 2 and 20 days; the total denier of the filament bundle can be between 100 and 1500 d; 3) the invention has good yarn separating effect, and the laid fiber net is uniform; 4) the invention can make the fiber net into filament non-woven fabric according to different raw materials, different purposes and different performance requirements, and the weight of the non-woven fabric per square meter can be between 20 and 500 g.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dividing-web consolidation device of a method for producing a non-woven fabric by dividing a web with filament cakes as raw materials according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a dividing-web consolidation device of a method for producing a non-woven fabric by dividing a web of filaments by using a filament bundle cake as a raw material according to another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a yarn separator-web forming device of a method for producing a non-woven fabric by yarn separation-web forming by using a filament bundle cake as a raw material according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lapping device of a dividing and net-forming device of a method for producing a non-woven fabric by dividing and net-forming by using filament cakes as raw materials according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure 1, 1-filament bundle spinning cake, 2-filament guider, 3-filament guiding disc, 4-filament divider, 5-compressed air inlet, 6-lapping device, 7-conveying belt, 8-adsorption device, 9-compression roller, 10, 11-needle loom, 12-hot mill.

In figure 2, 1-filament bundle spinning cake, 2-filament guider, 3-filament guiding disc, 4-filament divider, 5-compressed air inlet, 6-lapping device, 7-conveying belt, 8-adsorption device, 9-compression roller and 13-hot air blower.

In the filament separator of FIG. 3, 41-adjusting screw cap, 42-air flow regulator, 43-filament expander, 431-filament expander inlet and 432-filament expander outlet.

FIG. 4-6-Net laying machine

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments thereof.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the method for producing a non-woven fabric by dividing and laying filaments by using filament cakes as raw materials comprises the following steps:

step 1) placing a filament bundle cake 1 on a creel (not shown) and unwinding the filament bundle from the cake;

step 2) leading the unwound filament bundle into a godet through a guide 2;

step 3) quantitatively inputting the filament bundles into a filament separator 4 through a godet 3;

step 4) separating the filament bundle into loose single fiber shapes by the filament spreader 43;

and 5) overlapping the separated single-fiber filaments by a lapping device 6 to form a uniform fiber mesh.

Preferably, the godet 3 can feed one or more filaments simultaneously

Preferably, the filament separator 4 separates the bundle of filaments fed from the godet 3 into a loose filament shape by compressed air.

In this embodiment, a single godet 3 can feed one or more of the strands unwound from the cakes simultaneously to the same separator 4, or one or more of the strands unwound from the cakes can be fed to different separators 4, depending on the requirements set by the process. The strand material of the plurality of cakes can be different. The raw material of the filament bundle is preferably untwisted yarn.

The filament separator 4 introduces and outputs the filament bundle input by the godet through compressed air; the splitter 4 makes the airflow field in the pipe become extremely turbulent asymmetric and jittering subsonic strong turbulence, the airflow has high speed gradient and strong rotation around the axis, and the tows entering the splitter pipe are sent to the lapping device 6 while being fully separated into monofilaments.

The mesh spreading device 6 is of a round-connection elliptical structure, an internal channel is of a streamline design, the sectional area is gradually increased and is arc-shaped from top to bottom, airflow is diffused, tows are driven to be diffused, and the purpose of splitting is achieved. The separated single fibers can be laid into a uniform fiber web which is mutually overlapped by adjusting the installation height and the angle. The lapping device can be used for lapping the separated single fibers into a uniform fiber mesh by adjusting the installation height and angle.

Preferably, the filament bundle cake 1 is at least one of a chemical fiber and a bicomponent fiber.

Preferably, the chemical fiber comprises polyester or polyamide or polypropylene or polyethylene or polylactic acid or polyphenylene sulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene or cellulose or polyimide or polyacrylonitrile raw material.

Preferably, the bicomponent fiber comprises two of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile and modified product raw materials thereof.

Preferably, the bicomponent fiber comprises two modes of mixing and compounding; the mixing means that the filament bundle consists of two fibers; the composite means that the filament bundle consists of single fibers, and the single fibers are generated by two different raw materials or one raw material and raw materials with different melting points in a composite mode.

The single fiber is produced in a composite form from two different raw materials or one raw material and their modified products.

The section of single fiber of the composite fiber is shown as two different raw materials or one raw material and modified products thereof

The formed web may be formed into a nonwoven fabric by a consolidation process.

The process flow of the method for producing the non-woven fabric is as follows:

unwinding one or more filaments from a spinning cake 1 according to the product process requirements, introducing the filaments into a godet through a godet 2, and taking the godet 3 as a metering device, wherein the design speed of the godet is 300-3000 m/min; the wire separator 4 is composed of an adjusting screw cap 41, an air flow regulator 42 and a wire expander 43.

The filament separator 4 can play three roles, 1, a negative pressure is formed at a tube opening to suck a filament bundle output by a filament guide disc, 2, an airflow field in the tube becomes extremely turbulent asymmetric and jittering subsonic strong turbulence by utilizing a special structure of an airflow regulator in the tube, the airflow has high speed gradient and strong rotation around an axis, the filament bundle is separated into single-fiber filaments, 3, the filament expander 43 is designed into a conical inner hole, the speed of the airflow decreases gradually, the tension is reduced, and the separated fibers are diffused.

The compressed air used by the filament separator 4 is within 0.05-0.8 MPa. The high-speed airflow of the compressed air from the filament separating pipe sprays single-fiber filaments to the lapping device 6, the lapping device 6 is connected with an outlet of the filament separating device 4, the lapping device 6 is of a round-connection elliptical structure, an internal channel is in a streamline design, the sectional area is gradually increased, the filaments are driven to be further diffused through airflow diffusion, the lapping device 6 can overlap the single-fiber filaments sprayed by adjacent filament separating pipes through adjusting the installation height and the installation angle, a uniform fiber net is paved on the conveying belt 7, and the uniform fiber net is fixed on the net belt through a method of sucking the airflow under the net belt by utilizing the adsorption device 8 and is conveyed to the consolidation device.

The suction airflow speed on the surface of the fiber mesh belt is not less than 0.5 m/s, and the conveying speed is 10-100 m/min; the press rolls 9 of the consolidation apparatus may or may not be heated, depending on the product and the raw materials. The compression roller 9 is used for preprocessing the fiber web and preventing the fiber web from being damaged by reverse airflow caused by the action of the adsorption device 8. The non-woven fabric made of single raw material or more than two raw materials designed by the invention is suitable for non-thermal bonding consolidation techniques, such as stitch knitting, needle punching, spunlacing, chemical bonding and the like, wherein the thermal bonding techniques can also be applied to the thermal bonding techniques, such as hot pressing, hot air, ultrasonic method, flame method and the like.

Example 2

The difference from the above embodiment is that the present invention can also produce high strength PP geotextile with a grammage of 300g/m2, which comprises:

the PP filament bundle with the raw material of 300d/48f has the strength of not less than 6g/d, the distance between the filament separating devices 4 is adjusted to be 100mm, three rows of the filament separating devices 4 are repeatedly arranged, and the PP filament bundle passes through a needling machine 10 and a needling machine 11 of a consolidation device for multiple needling, wherein the needling density is 500 needles/cm²。

The filament guiding disc 3 unwinds filament bundles arranged on a spinning cake 1 of the spinning frame, every two filament bundles enter a filament divider 4, compressed air is 0.6Mpa, the filament bundles are divided, a fiber net is sprayed on a net belt through a lapping machine 6 at the speed of 10m/min, an even fiber net is formed, and then the high-strength PP geotechnical non-woven fabric is formed after a plurality of needling passes through a needling machine 10 and a needling machine 11 of a consolidation device. If the product has high requirements on the thickness and the surface, the hot pressing treatment can also be carried out after the needling treatment by a needle machine 10 and a needle machine 11 as shown in figure 1.

Compared with the spun-bonded PET geotextile, the high-strength PP geotextile produced by the technology has the advantages of simple process, stable quality and better acid and alkali resistance, and because the specific gravity of the PP is small, when the high-strength PP geotextile is used as a landfill material, the high-strength PP geotextile meets the same requirements on water filtration and surface drainage, and if the PP material is used, only about 70 percent of the weight of the PET material is needed.

Example 3

The difference from the above embodiment is that the present invention can also be produced to manufacture a grammage of 50g/m²The decorative material non-woven fabric of (2), the method is:

the COPET/PET filament bundle of 300d/48f raw material has the strength of not less than 5g/d, the process flow of the filament-dividing and web-forming process is as described in example 1, the production speed is 60m/min, and the web is solidified into a web by a hot air technology. The decorative material non-woven fabric has good stiffness and higher strength.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the filament separating and net forming device using filament bundle cakes as raw materials comprises a frame (not shown), wherein a filament guide 2 and a filament guide disc 3 are arranged on the frame, and a filament separator 4 and a net laying device 6 are also arranged on the frame; the filament separating and net forming device also comprises a creel (not shown), and filament bundle cakes 1 are arranged on the creel; the creel is arranged on one side, two sides or the rear part of the machine frame, and can also be arranged above the machine frame.

A compressed air inlet 5 is arranged on the side wall of the wire separator 4, an air flow regulator 42 and a wire expander 43 are arranged inside the wire separator 4, an air flow channel is arranged in the air flow regulator 42, an adjusting nut 41 is arranged on the top of the wire separator 4, the adjusting nut 41 is screwed on the upper end of the air flow regulator 42, the wire expander 43 is arranged at the lower end of the air flow regulator 42, one end of the air flow channel is arranged at the bottom end of the adjusting nut 41, and the other end of the air flow channel is arranged at the wire expander inlet 431; the mesh spreading device 6 is arranged at the lower end of the wire expander 43 and is connected with the wire expander 43 through an outlet 432 of the wire expander.

Preferably, the wire expander 43 has a hollow conical shape.

Preferably, the mesh paving device 6 is in a hollow round-jointed elliptical shape, the sectional area of which is gradually increased from top to bottom and is in an arc shape.

The compressed air used by the filament separator 4 is within 0.05-0.8Mpa, the compressed air enables the high-speed airflow of the filament separator 4 to spray the single-fiber filaments to the lapping device 6, the lapping device 6 is of a round-connected elliptical structure, the internal channel is of a streamline design, the sectional area is gradually increased, and the dispersed fibers are driven to further diffuse through airflow diffusion.

The lapping device 6 can mutually overlap single fiber filaments ejected by adjacent filament separating pipes by adjusting the installation height and angle, and a uniform fiber mesh is paved on the conveying belt 7.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, the difference from the above embodiment is that the web dividing and forming device of the present invention further includes a conveyor belt 7, the conveyor belt 7 is disposed below the web laying device 6, an adsorption device 8 is disposed below the conveyor belt 7, a press roller 9 is disposed above the adsorption device 8, and a needle machine 10 is disposed at the rear end of the press roller 9.

Preferably, two needling

machines

10 and 11 are arranged at the rear end of the press roll 9.

Preferably, a hot rolling mill 12 may be further provided at the rear end of the needle loom 11.

In this embodiment, the conveying device 7 and the adsorbing device 8 are configured to adsorb and convey a uniform fiber web by using a negative pressure airflow. The uniform fiber web is paved on the conveying belt 7, and is fixed on the web belt by a method of sucking down air flow of the web belt by using an adsorption device 8 and conveyed to a consolidation device, wherein the consolidation device comprises a press roll 9, a needle machine 10, a needle machine 11 and a hot rolling machine 12; the suction airflow speed on the surface of the mesh belt is not less than 0.5 m/s, and the conveying speed is 10-100 m/min; the press rolls 9 may be heated or unheated, depending on the product and the raw material. The compression roller 9 is used for preprocessing the fiber web and preventing the fiber web from being damaged by reverse airflow caused by the action of the adsorption device.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 2, the difference from the above embodiment is that the web dividing and forming device of the present invention further includes a conveyor belt 7, the conveyor belt 7 is disposed below the web laying device 6, an adsorption device 8 is disposed below the conveyor belt 7, a pressure roller 9 is disposed above the adsorption device 8, and a hot air blower 13 is disposed at the rear end of the pressure roller 9.

Preferably, the heat blower 13 may be provided in two.

The formed web may be consolidated to form a nonwoven.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing non-woven fabric by dividing filaments into nets by using filament bundle cakes as raw materials is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 2) leading the unwound filament bundle into a godet by a thread guide;

step 5) overlapping the separated single-fiber filaments by a lapping device to form a uniform fiber mesh;

step 6), processing the fiber net into non-woven fabric by a consolidation method;

the side wall of the wire separator is provided with a compressed air inlet, an air flow regulator and a wire expander are arranged in the wire separator, an air flow channel is arranged in the air flow regulator, the top of the wire separator is provided with an adjusting nut which is screwed on the upper end of the air flow regulator, the wire expander is arranged at the lower end of the air flow regulator, one end of the air flow channel is arranged at the bottom end of the adjusting nut, and the other end of the air flow channel is arranged at the inlet of the wire expander; the net laying device is arranged at the lower end of the wire expanding device and is connected with the wire expanding device through an outlet of the wire expanding device; the silk expander is in a hollow conical shape.

2. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the godet can feed one or more threads simultaneously.

3. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the godet can simultaneously feed one or more bundles unwound from the spinning cakes into the same dividing tube, and can also feed one or more bundles unwound from the spinning cakes into different dividing tubes.

4. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the filament separator separates the filament bundle input by the godet into loose single fiber shape by compressed air.

5. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the filament bundles are separated into loose single fibers and are paved into a uniform fiber net through the airflow diffusion action of a net paving machine.

6. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the filament bundle cake is at least one chemical fiber or bicomponent fiber.

7. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a filament into nets using a filament bundle cake as a raw material according to claim 6, wherein: the chemical fiber comprises polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose, polyimide or polyacrylonitrile.

8. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a filament into nets using a filament bundle cake as a raw material according to claim 6, wherein: the bicomponent fiber comprises two of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose, polyimide or polyacrylonitrile raw materials.

9. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a filament into nets using a filament bundle cake as a raw material according to any one of claims 6 or 8, wherein: the bicomponent fiber comprises two modes of mixing and compounding; the mixing means that the filament bundle consists of two fibers; the composite means that the filament bundle consists of single fibers, and the single fibers are generated by two different raw materials or one raw material and raw materials with different melting points in a composite mode.

10. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric by dividing a web of filaments from a cake of filaments according to claim 1, wherein: the consolidation method comprises any one method of a stitch knitting method, a needle punching method, a hot rolling method, a spunlacing method, a hot air method, an ultrasonic method, a flame method and a chemical bonding method or a combination of any two or more methods.