CN115182096A - Cellulose filament non-woven material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cellulose filament non-woven material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115182096A CN115182096A CN202210594097.8A CN202210594097A CN115182096A CN 115182096 A CN115182096 A CN 115182096A CN 202210594097 A CN202210594097 A CN 202210594097A CN 115182096 A CN115182096 A CN 115182096A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylmorpholine N-oxide Chemical group CN1(=O)CCOCC1 LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
- D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven, and discloses a cellulose filament non-woven material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing cellulose pulp with a solvent to dissolve cellulose to prepare a spinning solution; (2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drafting the spinning trickle in an air gap; the spinning fine flow passes through a multi-section liquid coagulating bath to enable a solvent to be diffused and the cellulose fine flow to be solidified to form cellulose tows; (3) Depositing and disordering cellulose tow to form a web of randomly arranged filaments; (4) washing the filament fiber net with water; (5) The web of filaments is consolidated to produce a cellulose filament nonwoven material. The invention can prepare uniform filament fiber net, and can solve the problems of incomplete diffusion of cellulose solvent, low cellulose crystallinity, influence on material strength, difficult disordered net formation of cellulose filaments and the like in the preparation of the existing cellulose filament non-woven material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven, in particular to a cellulose filament non-woven material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cellulose is a renewable resource widely existing in nature, the stock quantity of the cellulose is huge, and the newly generated cellulose is up to 70 hundred million tons every year, so that the cellulose is inexhaustible. The regenerated cellulose fiber can replace synthetic fiber produced by using petroleum as a raw material, has rich source and excellent performance, can be widely used, and can effectively relieve the global energy crisis.
Currently, regenerated cellulose nonwoven materials are essentially made from viscose staple fibers. However, viscose fiber produces a large amount of toxic and harmful waste water and waste gas in the preparation process, and these environmental protection problems become barriers restricting the development of viscose fiber nonwovens. Therefore, it is always a pursuit goal to find safer and more reliable cellulose dissolution systems and processes, and to eliminate contamination from the source.
The development success of Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber provides a nearly perfect technology for people, and the Lyocell fiber takes N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) as a solvent and is a regenerated cellulose fiber which can be prepared by a dry-jet wet spinning method without chemical reaction. The Lyocell fiber is green and environment-friendly, has no harmful substance emission, can be naturally degraded, can recover 99.5 percent of the organic solvent NMMO in the production process, has extremely low toxicity, and does not pollute the environment. Most of the existing Lyocell (Lyocell) non-woven materials are prepared by taking Lyocell short fibers as raw materials through carding, web forming and spunlacing reinforcement, but the short fiber non-woven technological process is complex and the processing cost is high. The non-woven fabric prepared by directly forming the web by adopting the cellulose filaments has the advantages of short process flow, low energy consumption and low product cost.
Patent application No. WO2021170608A1 discloses a method and apparatus for making a spunbond nonwoven fabric by: the cellulose solution containing solvent is sprayed out from a nozzle hole and drafted to form filaments, the filaments are solidified by airflow and deposited on a perforation conveying device to form a fiber web, and the fiber web is prepared into the spinning bonded non-woven fabric after solvent washing, spunlace reinforcement and drying.
Through analysis, the defects of the scheme are as follows: firstly, the cellulose filament is solidified in an airflow mode, and because the contact time of the condensed airflow and the cellulose filament is short, the solvent in the cellulose solution is not thoroughly diffused, the cellulose filament can only be partially condensed, a complete and uniform structure is not easily obtained, the crystallinity of the cellulose is reduced, and the fiber strength is influenced; secondly, the cellulose filaments after water washing in the scheme directly enter the hydro-entangled reinforcement, and the filaments are longitudinally arranged in the material, so that the transverse strength of the material is low, and the application of the product is influenced.
At present, the fiber raw materials of filament net formation are mainly synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester and the like, and cellulose filament non-woven materials are not produced industrially, so the technical research is little.
In summary, from the current technical research, the technical problems of uneven solvent diffusion and insufficient solidification existing in the preparation of the non-woven material by using the Lyocell (Lyocell) filament yarn are not solved; in addition, the prepared cellulose filament fibers have strong directionality, and are not easy to form a net in a disordered way in the subsequent process, so that the difference of the longitudinal and transverse breaking strength of the filament non-woven material is large, particularly the transverse breaking strength of the material is low, and the application and popularization of the product are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cellulose filament non-woven material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the cellulose solvent is not thoroughly diffused, the crystallinity of cellulose is low, the strength of the material is affected, and the disordered web formation of cellulose filaments is difficult and the like in the preparation of the cellulose filament non-woven material.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of making a cellulose filament nonwoven material comprising the steps of:
(1) Cellulose pulp is mixed with a solvent to dissolve cellulose, and a spinning solution is prepared.
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drafting the spinning trickle in an air gap; and (3) passing the spinning fine flow through a multi-section liquid coagulating bath to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose fine flow to form the cellulose fiber bundle.
Each section of liquid coagulation bath in the plurality of sections of liquid coagulation baths has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section.
The technical effects of the above arrangement are as follows:
firstly, the invention sets the liquid coagulating bath at the upper section as low solvent concentration, which can effectively reduce the generation of doubling, and further reduce the defects generated by disordered net formation of materials. However, too low a solvent concentration increases the double diffusion rate between the cellulose solvent and the non-solvent, resulting in too severe solidification of the surface layer to form a firm skin, which slows down the solidification rate of the inner layer of the fiber, and affects the fiber quality. Therefore, the liquid coagulation bath located at the upper stage needs to be lowered in temperature while employing a low solvent concentration to stabilize the progress of the double diffusion.
Secondly, after the sectional coagulating bath is arranged, the spinning stream is further drawn by the fluid speed of the coagulating bath in different stages. The spinning fine flow can be stably drafted and solidified in a coagulating bath channel positioned at the upper section to reduce the generation of doubling, and form nascent fibers, so that the fibers have certain strength and are contacted and impacted with the coagulating bath flowing at a high speed to finish the next section of coagulating bath, and the coagulating process is more sufficient and uniform; setting up the segmentation coagulating bath, can segmenting dynamic adjustment coagulating bath parameter, when the cellulose solvent concentration in the coagulating bath is too high, because flux is little, the fiber structure is imperfect, leads to the fibre intensity low. Meanwhile, when the concentration of the cellulose solvent in the coagulation bath is too low, the solvent is diffused too fast, so that the surface layer is easily coagulated quickly, the structure is densified, and the double diffusion is blocked. The multi-section differential coagulation bath uses coagulation baths with different concentrations and temperatures according to the spinning solution in different coagulation stages of the coagulation bath, and the optimal coagulation effect is achieved.
(3) Cellulose tow is deposited and entangled to form a web of randomly arranged filaments.
(4) The filament web was water washed to remove residual solvent.
(5) Consolidating the web of filaments to form the cellulose filament nonwoven material.
Preferably, in step (1): the solvent is N-methylmorpholine oxide aqueous solution; the concentration of the cellulose in the spinning solution is 7-12 wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 75-95 ℃.
Preferably, in step (2): the multi-section liquid coagulation bath is an upper section liquid coagulation bath and a lower section liquid coagulation bath, and the coagulation bath is water; wherein:
the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide in the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 40-100 m/min. The concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-25 wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃; the flow speed of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 50-150 m/min.
Preferably, in step (3): cellulose tow is deposited onto a web support screen, solvent is removed, and the web of filaments is entangled by air blowing to form a web of randomly arranged filaments.
According to the invention, high-speed airflow is adopted to spray on the upper surface and the lower surface of the filament fiber net, the fiber net is clamped to impact the receiving net curtain, the obtained filament fiber net has a good disorder effect, the transverse breaking strength of the cellulose filament non-woven material can be effectively improved, and the technical problem that the filament non-woven material is not easy to form a network in a disorder manner can be solved.
Preferably, in step (3): the flow velocity of the air flow is 15-80 m/s.
Preferably, in step (4): and carrying out supporting and conveying on the filament fiber web, and then washing by adopting a multi-stage washing mode to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers.
Preferably, in step (4): the transport speed of the filament web is lower than the output speed of the web obtained after deposition in step (3).
With gained filament web conveying speed design behind mixed and disorderly for being less than deposit back web output speed, be favorable to filament fibre indulge, transversely produce and pile up, strengthen filament web's mixed and disorderly effect, and can effective control material grammes per square metre. If the output speed of the filament web is greater than or equal to the output speed of the deposited web, the air flow will not produce a messy effect, and the filament fibers will be in a longitudinally stretched state, and effective entanglement between the filament fibers will not be formed in the subsequent hydroentangling process.
Preferably, in step (4): the ratio of the filament web conveying speed to the web output speed after deposition is 0.1-0.8.
Preferably, in step (5): reinforcing, drying and coiling the washed filament fiber net to prepare the cellulose filament non-woven material; the reinforcement is hydroentangling reinforcement.
Preferably, the cellulose filament nonwoven material produced by the above method comprises cellulose filaments entangled with each other; the fineness of the cellulose filament is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the cellulose filament non-woven material has a mass per unit area of 15-60 g/m 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention respectively carries out drafting solidification on the cellulose trickle through a plurality of sections of coagulating bath channels, the whole coagulating process is uniform and sufficient, the obtained cellulose has high crystallinity and compact structure, the fiber network structure has fine skeleton and larger density, the prepared cellulose filament non-woven material has high strength, increased modulus and small elongation, and the technical problems of uneven solvent diffusion and insufficient solidification in the cellulose filament fiber network are solved.
(2) The adoption of the multi-section solidification mode can effectively reduce the occurrence of doubling, further reduce the defects generated in the disordered lapping process and improve the product quality. Because the conditions of the coagulating bath at different coagulating stages are different, the process adjustment is more diversified, and the production of the cellulose filament non-woven material with more uniformity and variable performance is facilitated.
(3) According to the invention, high-speed airflow is sprayed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the filament fiber net, so that the fiber net impacts the receiving net curtain, the obtained filament fiber net has a good disorder effect, the transverse breaking strength of the cellulose filament non-woven material can be effectively improved, and the technical problem that the filament non-woven material is not easy to form a network in a disorder manner is solved.
(4) The invention adopts the process route of solidification-disordered-washing, can effectively improve the working efficiency of washing, and reduces the water consumption and the floor area of equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a construction of an apparatus for producing a cellulose filament nonwoven material.
The reference signs are: fiber-forming unit 1, random-laying unit 2, web-consolidation unit 3, spun stream 4, filament web 5, cellulosic filament nonwoven 6, spinneret assembly 101, web-supporting curtain 102, upper coagulation bath channel 103, lower coagulation bath channel 104, coagulation bath storage tank 105, transfer roll 106, transport web 107, web-supporting curtain guide roll 108, water separator 109, blow head 110, suction roll 111, washing device 201, first air jet 202, second air jet 203, first web-forming curtain 204, second web-forming curtain 205, web-forming curtain guide roll 206, first suction device 207, second suction device 208, liquid jet 209, liquid separator 210, pre-needling water-jet 211, third suction device 212, web-forming curtain transport web 213.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
General examples
A method of making a cellulose filament nonwoven material comprising the steps of:
(1) Cellulose pulp and a solvent are mixed to dissolve cellulose, and a spinning solution with the temperature of 75-95 ℃ and the cellulose concentration of 7-12 wt% is prepared.
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drafting the spinning trickle in an air gap; the spinning stream is passed through a multi-stage liquid coagulation bath to diffuse the solvent (preferably N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) and solidify the cellulose stream to form a cellulose tow.
Wherein each section of the liquid coagulation bath in the plurality of sections of liquid coagulation baths has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath in the upper section is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath in the lower section.
Preferably, the multi-stage liquid coagulation bath is an upper-stage liquid coagulation bath and a lower-stage liquid coagulation bath, and a solvent in the coagulation bath is an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholine oxide; wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide in the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper section liquid coagulating bath is 40-100 m/min. The concentration of the N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20 to 25wt percent, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20 to 30 ℃; the flow speed of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 50-150 m/min.
(3) Cellulose tow is deposited onto a carrier web, the solvent is removed, and the web is entangled by blowing a stream of air (containing a coagulation bath in the air stream at a flow rate of 15 to 80 m/s) against the web to form a web of randomly arranged filaments.
(4) And (3) carrying out supporting conveying on the filament fiber web (the conveying speed is lower than the output speed of the fiber web obtained after deposition in the step (3), and the preferable speed ratio is 0.1-0.8), and then washing with water in a multi-stage washing mode to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers.
(5) And (3) reinforcing (preferably carrying out spunlacing reinforcement on the washed filament fiber web, drying and coiling to obtain the cellulose filament non-woven material.
The cellulose filament nonwoven material prepared by the method comprises cellulose filaments which are mutually entangled; the fineness of the cellulose filament is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the cellulose filament non-woven material has a mass per unit area of 15-60 g/m 2 。
A cellulose filament non-woven material production device comprises a fiber forming unit 1, a disordered net forming unit 2 and a fiber net reinforcing unit 3 which are connected in sequence according to the advancing direction of a conveying material. Wherein:
a fiber forming unit: comprises a spinning nozzle assembly 101, an upper coagulation bath channel 103, a lower coagulation bath channel 104, a supporting screen 102 and a coagulation bath storage tank 105 communicated with the upper coagulation bath channel and the lower coagulation bath channel which are connected in sequence. The spinneret assembly includes a spinneret plate and an air gap arrangement located below the spinneret plate. The upper coagulation bath channel is vertically arranged right below the outlet of the spinneret component, and the lower coagulation bath channel is arranged above the net supporting curtain. The junction of the lower coagulation bath channel and the upper coagulation bath channel is provided with a transfer roller 106. Further, the solvent concentration in the upper coagulation bath passage is lower than that in the lower coagulation bath passage after the solvent is diffused, the temperature of the upper coagulation bath passage is lower than that of the lower coagulation bath passage, and the flow velocity of the liquid in the upper coagulation bath passage is higher than the spinning velocity and lower than that in the lower coagulation bath passage. The net supporting curtain and the lower coagulating bath channel are arranged obliquely upwards along the traveling direction and the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is preferably 10-25 degrees. The net supporting curtain comprises a conveying net 107 which endlessly and circularly rotates and a plurality of net supporting curtain guide rollers 108 for driving the conveying net; a plurality of dewaterers 109 facing the lower coagulating bath channel are arranged below the part of the conveying net corresponding to the lower coagulating bath channel. The tail end of the output of the net supporting curtain is provided with a fiber net stripping device which comprises a blowing head 110 positioned below the conveying net and an adsorption roller 111 correspondingly arranged above the conveying net, and the blowing head faces the adsorption roller.
A random web forming unit: comprising a first jet head 202, a second jet head 203, a first web forming curtain 204, a second web forming curtain 205 and a washing device 201. The first wire-forming curtain and the second wire-forming curtain respectively comprise a wire-forming curtain conveying net 213 which endlessly and circularly rotates and a plurality of wire-forming curtain guide rollers 206 for driving the wire-forming curtain conveying net. The first air nozzle and the first net forming curtain are sequentially arranged above the conveying material; the second air nozzle and the second net forming curtain are sequentially arranged below the conveying material; the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain circularly rotate in opposite directions to clamp and convey materials to advance; the first air jet head has an air flow directed toward the upper surface of the conveyed material and opposite the surface of the second web forming screen; the second air jet head has an air flow directed toward the lower surface of the conveyed material opposite the surface of the first web forming curtain. Meanwhile, the first air nozzle and the second air nozzle can realize reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the surface of the conveyed material. A first suction device 207 is arranged on the inner side of the first net forming curtain opposite to the airflow of the second air nozzle; a second suction device 208 is arranged inside the second web curtain opposite the first jet head gas flow. The washing device is positioned at the downstream of the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain, and comprises a plurality of liquid spraying heads 209 and liquid removing devices 210 which correspond to each other and are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the conveying material. Further, according to the advancing direction of the conveyed materials, a liquid outlet of the liquid remover positioned at the rear path is connected with a liquid inlet of the liquid spraying head positioned at the front path. Furthermore, a pre-reinforcing device is arranged at the downstream of the washing device, and comprises a pre-pricking water-pricking head 211 and a third suction device 212 which are correspondingly arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second wire-forming screen.
A fiber web reinforcing unit: is a spunlace reinforcing mechanism.
Example 1
A cellulose filament non-woven material with the mass per unit area of 45g/m 2 (ii) a Is formed by mutually intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 1.2dtex. The preparation method of the cellulose filament non-woven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) aqueous solution to dissolve cellulose to prepare a spinning solution; the mass concentration of the cellulose in the spinning solution is 10wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution is 85 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning trickle 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulating baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle to form a cellulose tow;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 20wt%, and the temperature of the upper section coagulation bath is 20 ℃; the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the lower liquid coagulation bath is 22wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulation bath is 25 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the upper section of the liquid coagulation bath is 70m/min, and the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the lower section of the liquid coagulation bath is 100m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tow onto a web support, wherein the web support has a transport speed of 50m/min, and removing the solvent to form a continuous filament web; then the filament fiber net is disorderly under the action of air flow (the air flow blows to the front and back surfaces of the filament fiber net respectively and moves back and forth along the transverse direction of the filament fiber net), and a filament fiber net 5 which is arranged disorderly is manufactured; wherein the air flow speed is 30m/s;
(4) The disordered filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 25m/min, and the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times of water to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers;
(5) The washed filament fiber net is made into 45g/m after being spun-laced, reinforced, dried and coiled 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The cellulose filament nonwoven material of the present embodiment is produced by using a cellulose filament nonwoven material production apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a fiber forming unit 1, a random-laying unit 2, and a web reinforcing unit 3, which are connected in this order, in the traveling direction of the conveyed material. Wherein:
a fiber forming unit: comprises a spinning nozzle assembly 101, an upper coagulation bath channel 103, a lower coagulation bath channel 104, a supporting screen 102 and a coagulation bath storage tank 105 communicated with the upper coagulation bath channel and the lower coagulation bath channel which are connected in sequence. Specifically, the spinneret assembly includes a spinneret plate and an air gap arrangement located below the spinneret plate. The upper coagulating bath channel is vertically arranged right below the outlet of the spinneret assembly and corresponds to the outlet of the spinneret assembly, and coagulating bath enters from an upper input port of the upper coagulating bath channel. The lower coagulating bath channel consists of the upper surface of a net supporting curtain and the lower surface of a coagulating bath storage box, the net supporting curtain and the lower coagulating bath channel are arranged upwards along the advancing direction and inclined with the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 18 degrees. The input port of the lower coagulating bath channel is connected with the output port of the upper coagulating bath channel; the junction of the lower coagulation bath channel and the upper coagulation bath channel is provided with a transfer roller 106. The net supporting curtain comprises a conveying net 107 rotating endlessly and circularly and two net supporting curtain guide rollers 108 for driving the conveying net; five dewaterers 109 parallel and facing to the lower coagulating bath channel are arranged below the part of the conveying net corresponding to the lower coagulating bath channel. The tail end of the output of the net supporting curtain is provided with a fiber net stripping device which comprises a blowing head 110 positioned below the conveying net and an adsorption roller 111 correspondingly arranged above the conveying net, and the blowing head faces the adsorption roller.
A random web forming unit: comprising a first jet head 202, a second jet head 203, a first web forming curtain 204, a second web forming curtain 205 and a washing device 201. Specifically, the first and second web forming screens include a web forming screen conveying screen 213 which endlessly circulates and four web forming screen guide rollers 206 for driving the web forming screen conveying screen, respectively. The first air nozzle and the first net forming curtain are sequentially arranged above the filament fiber net 5; the second air nozzle and the second net forming curtain are sequentially arranged below the filament fiber net; the first net forming curtain and the second net forming curtain circularly rotate oppositely to clamp the filament fiber net to advance; the air stream of the first air jet is directed toward the upper surface of the filament web and opposite the surface of the second web forming screen; the air stream of the second air jet is directed toward the lower surface of the filament web opposite the surface of the first web forming screen. Meanwhile, the first air nozzle and the second air nozzle can realize reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the surface of the filament fiber web. A first suction device 207 is arranged on the inner side of the first net forming curtain opposite to the air flow of the second air nozzle; a second suction device 208 is arranged inside the second web curtain opposite the first jet head gas flow. The washing device is positioned at the downstream of the first wire-forming screen and the second wire-forming screen, and comprises three pairs of liquid spraying heads 209 and liquid dropping devices 210 which are mutually corresponding and respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the filament fiber web. Further, according to the advancing direction, the liquid outlet of the liquid remover positioned at the rear path is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying head positioned at the front path. Furthermore, a pre-reinforcing device is arranged at the downstream of the washing device, and comprises a pre-pricking water-pricking head 211 and a third suction device 212 which are correspondingly arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second wire-forming screen.
A fiber web reinforcing unit: is a spunlace reinforcing mechanism.
The working process of the production device is as follows: the cellulose spinning solution is sprayed out from a spinneret plate, and vertically enters an upper coagulating bath channel 103 after being cooled and drafted by an air gap device; solidifying the spinning trickle 4 in a low-speed, low-temperature and low-concentration coagulating bath state; depositing the spinning stream 4 onto a backing screen 102, introducing the spinning stream 4 into a lower coagulation bath channel 104 via a transfer roll 106; under the high-speed, high-temperature and high-concentration coagulation bath state, the bidirectional diffusion of the cellulose solvent is completed through the combined action of the inclined upward net supporting curtain 102, the dehydrator 109 and the like, and the cellulose trickle 4 is further drafted and solidified to form a cellulose filament net 5; the cellulose filament net 5 is blown and adsorbed by a stripping device and then transferred from the net supporting curtain 102 to the disordered net forming unit 2; the cellulose filament web 5 is fed between the first and second jet heads 202 and 203 via guide rollers; the first air jet head 202 and the second air jet head 203 reciprocate in the transverse direction of the filament web 5 and jet air streams to the upper and lower surfaces of the cellulose filament web 5, and the cellulose filament web 5 is adsorbed to the surfaces of the first wire forming curtain 204 and the second wire forming curtain 205 and forms a disordered distribution in the transverse direction by the cooperation of the first suction device 207 and the second suction device 208; the disordered filament fiber web 5 is washed by a plurality of liquid spraying heads 209 and liquid removing devices 210 under the clamping of a first net forming curtain 204 and a second net forming curtain 205 to remove residual solvent in the fiber web; and then fed into a hydroentangling system for consolidation to produce a cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
Example 2
A cellulose filament non-woven material with the mass per unit area of 16g/m 2 (ii) a The fabric is formed by mutually intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 0.9dtex; the preparation method of the cellulose filament non-woven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) aqueous solution to dissolve cellulose to prepare a spinning solution; the mass concentration of the cellulose in the spinning solution is 7wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution was 75 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning stream 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulating baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose stream to form cellulose tows;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 16wt%, and the temperature of the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 15 ℃; the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) solvent in the lower section liquid coagulation bath is 20wt%, and the temperature of the lower section liquid coagulation bath is 20 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the upper section of the liquid coagulation bath is 100m/min, and the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the lower section of the liquid coagulation bath is 150m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tow onto a web support, wherein the web support has a transport speed of 80m/min, removing the coagulation bath to form a filament web; then disorder the filament fiber net under the action of air flow (the air flow blows to the front and back surfaces of the filament fiber net respectively and moves back and forth along the filament fiber net transversely) to prepare a filament fiber net 5 which is arranged in disorder; wherein the air flow speed is 15m/s;
(4) The disordered filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 60m/min, and the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times of water to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers;
(5) The washed filament fiber net is made into a 16g/m long fiber net after being spun-laced, reinforced, dried and coiled 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The production apparatus of the cellulose filament nonwoven material of this example was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A cellulose filament non-woven material with the mass per unit area of 60g/m 2 (ii) a The fabric is formed by mutually intertwining cellulose filaments, wherein the fineness of the cellulose filaments is 1.8dtex; the preparation method of the cellulose filament non-woven material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with an N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) aqueous solution to dissolve cellulose to prepare a spinning solution; the mass concentration of the cellulose in the spinning solution is 12wt%; the temperature of the spinning solution was 95 ℃;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle 4, and cooling and drafting in an air gap; the spinning trickle 4 passes through two sections of liquid coagulating baths to diffuse the solvent and solidify the cellulose trickle to form a cellulose tow;
wherein: the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 22wt%, and the temperature of the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 22 ℃; the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) in the lower liquid coagulation bath is 25wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulation bath is 30 ℃; the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the upper section of the liquid coagulation bath is 40m/min, the flow speed of the coagulation bath in the lower section of the liquid coagulation bath is 50m/min, and the spinning speed is 30m/min;
(3) Depositing cellulose tow onto a net supporting curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net supporting curtain is 30m/min, removing the coagulating bath to prepare a filament fiber net; then disorder the filament fiber net under the action of air flow (the air flow blows to the front and back surfaces of the filament fiber net respectively and reciprocates transversely along the filament fiber net) to prepare a three-dimensional disordered filament fiber net 5; wherein the air flow speed is 80m/s;
(4) The disordered filament fiber net is received and conveyed by a net forming curtain, wherein the conveying speed of the net forming curtain is 10m/min, and the filament fiber net 5 is washed by 3 times of water to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers;
(5) The washed filament fiber net is made into a 60g/m long fiber net after being spun-laced, reinforced, dried and coiled 2 A cellulose filament nonwoven material 6.
The production apparatus of the cellulose filament nonwoven material of this example was the same as that of example 1.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a cellulose filament nonwoven material, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing cellulose pulp with a solvent to dissolve cellulose to prepare a spinning solution;
(2) Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice to form a spinning trickle, and cooling and drafting the spinning trickle in an air gap; the spinning trickle passes through a multi-section liquid coagulating bath, so that the solvent is diffused and the cellulose trickle is solidified to form cellulose fiber bundles;
each section of liquid coagulation bath in the plurality of sections of liquid coagulation baths has different solvent concentration, temperature and flow speed; wherein: the concentration of the solvent in the liquid coagulation bath at the upper section is lower than that in the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section, the temperature of the liquid coagulation bath at the upper section is lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section, and the flow speed of the liquid coagulation bath at the upper section is higher than the spinning speed and lower than that of the liquid coagulation bath at the lower section;
(3) Depositing and disordering cellulose tow to form a web of randomly arranged filaments;
(4) Washing the filament fiber web with water to remove residual solvent;
(5) Consolidating the web of filaments to form the cellulose filament nonwoven material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1):
the solvent is N-methylmorpholine oxide aqueous solution;
the concentration of the cellulose in the spinning solution is 7-12 wt%;
the temperature of the spinning solution is 75-95 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2): the multi-section liquid coagulation bath is an upper section liquid coagulation bath and a lower section liquid coagulation bath, and a solvent in the coagulation bath is an N-methylmorpholine oxide aqueous solution; wherein:
the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide in the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 16-22 wt%, the temperature of the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 15-22 ℃, and the flow speed of the upper section liquid coagulation bath is 40-100 m/min;
the concentration of N-methylmorpholine oxide in the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-25 wt%, and the temperature of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃; the flow speed of the lower liquid coagulating bath is 50-150 m/min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3): cellulose tow is deposited onto a web support screen, solvent is removed, and the web of filaments is entangled by air blowing to form a web of randomly arranged filaments.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (3): the flow velocity of the air flow is 15-80 m/s.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4): and carrying out supporting and conveying on the filament fiber web, and then washing by adopting a multi-stage washing mode to remove residual solvent in the filament fibers.
7. The method of claim 1 or 6, wherein: in the step (4): the transport speed of the filament web is lower than the output speed of the web obtained after deposition in step (3).
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: in the step (4): the ratio of the filament web transport speed to the post-deposition web output speed is from 0.1 to 0.8.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (5):
reinforcing, drying and coiling the washed filament fiber net to prepare the cellulose filament non-woven material;
the reinforcement is hydroentangling reinforcement.
10. A cellulose filament nonwoven material produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the cellulose filament nonwoven material comprises inter-entangled cellulose filaments; the fineness of the cellulose filament is 0.9-1.8 dtex; the cellulose filament non-woven material has a mass per unit area of 15 to 60g/m 2 。
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