CN115178343B - Raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production - Google Patents
Raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production Download PDFInfo
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- CN115178343B CN115178343B CN202210929352.XA CN202210929352A CN115178343B CN 115178343 B CN115178343 B CN 115178343B CN 202210929352 A CN202210929352 A CN 202210929352A CN 115178343 B CN115178343 B CN 115178343B
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/31—Safety devices or measures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
- B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/143—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a disc rotor having generally radially extending slots or openings bordered with cutting knives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/24—Drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C2018/164—Prevention of jamming and/or overload
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production, which comprises a feeding port, a shell, a crushing mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein a material homogenizing plate and the crushing mechanism are arranged in the shell; the crushing mechanism comprises a cutter disc, a crushing cutter, an upper spring, a limiting ring, a fixed ring, an impact plate, a lower spring, a crushing hammer, a fixed block and a circular ring; the fixed ring and the limiting ring are arranged on the upper end surface of the cutter head through partition plates which are uniformly spaced; the limiting ring is arranged in the center of the fixed ring, and the limiting ring and the fixed ring respectively penetrate through the inner end and the middle part of the crushing cutter, so that the cutting part of the crushing cutter is outwards arranged, and an upper spring, the crushing cutter and an upper spring are sequentially arranged between adjacent partition plates; the ring is arranged on the lower end face of the cutterhead through the fixed blocks, the lower springs and the breaking hammers are arranged on two sides of the fixed blocks in pairs, and a group of lower springs and breaking hammers are arranged between the adjacent fixed blocks.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of raw material crushing devices for graphite electrode production, in particular to a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production.
Background
At present, the graphite electrode is a high-temperature resistant graphite conductive material which is prepared by taking petroleum coke and asphalt coke as aggregates and coal asphalt as an adhesive through raw material calcination, crushing and grinding, burdening, kneading, forming, roasting, dipping, graphitizing and machining; according to the high and low quality index, the graphite electrode can be divided into a common power graphite electrode, a high power graphite electrode and an ultra-high power graphite electrode;
the main raw material for the production of the graphite electrode is petroleum coke, and a small amount of asphalt coke is required to be added into the common power graphite electrode; when the existing crushing device is used for crushing petroleum coke and asphalt coke, the petroleum coke and the asphalt coke have small amount of water and strong adhesion, so that a cutter head is easy to clamp and dead in the crushing operation, frequent shutdown is needed for manual treatment, the crushing efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high; in the use process of the existing raw material crushing device for production, as the water content of raw materials such as petroleum coke, asphalt coke and the like is higher, the adhesion is stronger, and therefore, in the crushing process, a cutter head is easy to be blocked, and after the cutter head is blocked, the machine is usually required to be stopped, and the crushing operation efficiency is low because of manual overhaul.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production, which has a simple structure and is anti-seized
Is characterized by (1).
The application aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, and therefore, the application provides a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production, which comprises a feeding port, a shell, a crushing mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein a material homogenizing plate and the crushing mechanism are arranged in the shell; the crushing mechanism comprises a cutter disc, a crushing cutter, an upper spring, a limiting ring, a fixed ring, an impact plate, a lower spring, a crushing hammer, a fixed block and a circular ring;
the fixed ring and the limiting ring are arranged on the upper end surface of the cutter head through partition plates which are uniformly spaced;
the limiting ring is arranged in the center of the fixed ring, and the limiting ring and the fixed ring respectively penetrate through the inner end and the middle part of the crushing cutter, so that the cutting part of the crushing cutter is outwards arranged, and an upper spring, the crushing cutter and an upper spring are sequentially arranged between adjacent partition plates;
the ring is arranged on the lower end face of the cutterhead through the fixed blocks, the lower springs and the breaking hammers are arranged on two sides of the fixed blocks in pairs, and a group of lower springs and breaking hammers are arranged between the adjacent fixed blocks.
The technical scheme provided by the application also has the following technical characteristics:
further, the breaking hammer is sleeved on the circular ring and can be arranged in a sliding manner.
Further, the breaking hammer is rotatably arranged around the sleeving part of the circular ring.
Further, the limiting ring and the fixing ring respectively penetrate through the long round hole at the inner end of the crushing cutter and the round hole in the middle.
Further, the crushing mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism; the crushing mechanism and the driving mechanism are prevented from being blocked by arranging an automatic reversing mechanism.
Further, the driving mechanism drives the automatic reversing mechanism through a rotating shaft, the automatic reversing mechanism comprises a left reversing wheel, a shaft sleeve, a driving wheel and a right reversing wheel, and the driving wheel coaxially drives the crushing mechanism;
the left reversing wheel, the shaft sleeve, the right reversing wheel and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the left reversing wheel, the shaft sleeve and the right reversing wheel are integrally and cooperatively arranged; the left reversing wheel and the right reversing wheel are arranged at two ends of the shaft sleeve, the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with a circulation guiding groove, the circulation guiding groove comprises a second groove, a first groove, a third groove and a fourth groove, the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove are sequentially connected and are arranged in a closed loop, and the elastic sheet is arranged on the side wall of any non-adjacent two of the second groove, the first groove, the third groove and the fourth groove; the circular guide groove is matched with a lug arranged on the rotating shaft, and in the transmission of the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve, the cutter disc, the driving wheel and the shaft sleeve are sequentially and continuously clamped, and the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve relatively rotate and slide, so that the left reversing wheel and the right reversing wheel at two ends of the shaft sleeve are one driving wheel.
Further, the number of the crushing cutters is two, an impact plate is arranged between the two crushing cutters, the impact plate is fixedly arranged on the fixed ring and the limiting ring, and the impact plate is used for limiting the sliding limit position of the crushing cutters.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor.
Further, the automatic reversing mechanism comprises a control module.
Further, the motor is a stepping motor, and the control module is a PLC module.
Further, the crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing bin; the inner wall of the crushing bin is provided with a wear-resistant plate; the material homogenizing plate is connected with the shell through a tension spring and is suspended, and the material homogenizing plate is arranged below the material feeding opening and above the crushing mechanism.
Brief working procedure
The feed opening has been seted up to the casing upper end, and the feed opening below hangs through the extension spring has the samming board, and the centre of samming board is protruding, and the material of throwing into from the feed opening can directly fall on the samming board, later from samming board landing to broken mechanism all around, prevents that the material that drops from directly pounding on the blade disc, also reduces the material volume that falls to blade disc center department.
A filter plate is arranged below the cutterhead, the filter plate separates the crushing assemblies on the upper layer and the lower layer of the cutterhead, and meanwhile, the filter plate plays a supporting role on the cutterhead.
The center of the upper surface of the cutter head is convex, a fixed ring and a limiting ring are fixedly arranged at the edge, the diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than that of the fixed ring, a plurality of partition plates are uniformly distributed on the fixed ring and the limiting ring, and an impact plate is further arranged between every two partition plates; the crushing knife is arranged on the fixed ring and the limiting ring, so that the crushing knife is kept horizontal in the working process; the crushing cutters are arranged between each partition plate and the impact plate, the upper springs are further arranged on the fixing rings between the crushing cutters and the partition plates, and two crushing cutters and two upper springs between every two partition plates are symmetrically arranged. (ensuring half of crushing cutter extrusion springs wait to strike when the cutter head rotates forwards and reversely, and the other half of crushing cutters stay in place for continuous crushing operation)
The lower surface of the cutterhead is provided with a circular ring, the circular ring is arranged on the lower surface of the cutterhead through a fixed block, the circular ring is provided with breaking hammers, and the arrangement mode of the breaking hammers is the same as that of breaking knives on the upper surface of the cutterhead.
The center of the lower surface of the cutterhead is fixedly connected with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotatably arranged in the shell, and the lower end of the driving shaft is provided with a driving wheel; the motor is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the shell, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a left reversing wheel and a right reversing wheel are arranged at two ends of the shaft sleeve, and the left reversing wheel and the right reversing wheel can be meshed with the driving wheel; the rotating shaft is provided with a lug; the shaft sleeve is internally provided with a groove, and the convex block extends into the groove.
When the cutter head rotates, the crushing cutter and the side wall of the shell rotate and squeeze to crush, and the crushing cutter can squeeze the upper spring due to friction force between the crushing cutter and the side wall of the shell; meanwhile, the breaking hammer on the lower surface of the cutterhead can tilt towards the direction away from the circle center of the cutterhead under the centrifugal action of the cutterhead, so that the breaking hammer is in contact with the wear-resistant plate, materials which fall from the filter plate after being primarily broken by the breaking knife are further broken, and the breaking hammer can squeeze the lower spring due to friction force between the breaking hammer and the wear-resistant plate; at the moment, if the crushing cutter on the upper surface of the cutter head is suddenly blocked, the cutter head cannot rotate, a lower spring on the lower surface of the cutter head is released, the crushing hammer is pushed to strike on the fixed block, and the cutter head is separated from the blocking through the striking; if the breaking hammer on the lower surface of the cutterhead is suddenly blocked, the cutterhead cannot rotate, an upper spring on the upper surface of the cutterhead releases to push a breaking blade to collide on a collision plate, so that the cutterhead is separated from the blocking, and meanwhile, the breaking hammer also begins to change back to a vertical state due to the loss of centrifugal force.
If the crushing mechanisms on the upper surface and the lower surface of the cutterhead are simultaneously blocked, at the moment, the cutterhead cannot rotate, namely the driving wheel cannot rotate, the shaft sleeve cannot rotate, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate continuously, namely the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve rotate relatively, the protruding block on the rotating shaft is originally positioned in the first groove in the shaft sleeve and meshed with the elastic sheet in the first groove to push the shaft sleeve to rotate, after the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve rotate relatively, the protruding block starts to slide in the first groove and is disengaged from the elastic sheet, after the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve slide to the second groove, the left reversing wheel is disengaged from the driving wheel through the cooperation of the protruding block and the second groove, the right reversing wheel is meshed with the driving wheel, then the protruding block enters the third groove and is meshed with the elastic sheet in the third groove again, the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve rotate synchronously, and the cutterhead rotates reversely; when the left reversing wheel is blocked again, the protruding block continuously slides from the third groove and passes through the fourth groove to enable the left reversing wheel to be meshed with the driving wheel again, then the left reversing wheel slides into the first groove, the protruding block is meshed with the elastic piece, and the initial state is restored.
The first groove and the third groove are all provided with a certain length, so that after the cutter disc is blocked, the protruding blocks in the rotating shaft slide in the first groove and the third groove, and before entering the second groove and the fourth groove, the cutter disc is in a static state for a period of time, and the cutter disc is prevented from being directly converted into high-speed reverse rotation from high-speed positive rotation, and the cutter disc is damaged due to overlarge acceleration.
A heat dissipation net is arranged on the shell at the end part of the motor.
The bottom surface of the crushing cavity in the shell is obliquely arranged.
The application has the following beneficial effects, and the following points are combined with the specific technical means:
1. according to the application, the crushing mechanism is used for crushing raw materials, the crushing mechanism is used for crushing, the raw materials are thrown out under the action of centrifugal force along with the increase of the rotating speed, then the raw materials are extruded in the crushing process, the springs and the like are used for enabling the crushing knife and the crushing hammer of the crushing mechanism to generate sliding extrusion springs, and in the crushing process, a balanced compression crushing mode is formed, namely the crushing knife and the crushing hammer slide in a certain range and crush the raw materials, and the centrifugal force causes the crushing hammer to rotate, so that the crushing effect is better.
2. In the application, the springs of the crushing knife and the crushing hammer release compression potential energy in the clamping process, and the friction resistance of the crushing knife and the crushing hammer is reduced due to the reduction of the rotating speed after the clamping, and the impact released by the springs impacts the crushing knife and the crushing hammer or promotes the crushing knife and the crushing hammer to advance for impact, so that the clamping state can be overcome.
3. In the process of overcoming the blocking, if the rotation of the crushing mechanism is not stopped, the crushing mechanism can continue to rotate, if the crushing mechanism is completely blocked, the rotating mechanism for driving the crushing mechanism can transmit the blocking state to the driving wheel of the driving mechanism, the driving wheel leads to the blocking of the left reversing wheel or the right reversing wheel meshed with the driving wheel, the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve slide and rotate relatively due to the blocking, and thus the blocked driving wheel of the left reversing wheel or the right reversing wheel is separated, and the left reversing wheel or the right reversing wheel which is not blocked is meshed with the driving wheel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall half sectional view of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crushing mechanism of a screening bin of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a crushing mechanism of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a perspective bottom view of a crushing mechanism of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a shaft sleeve of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a half cross-sectional view of a bushing of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a half cross-sectional view of a bushing of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a rotating shaft of a raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to an embodiment of the present application;
in the figure: 1. the automatic reversing device comprises a feeding hole 2, a shell 3, a tension spring 4, a material homogenizing plate 5, a crushing mechanism 6, a wear-resisting plate 7, a motor 8, a heat dissipation net 9, a rotating shaft 10, a left reversing wheel 11, a shaft sleeve 12, a driving wheel 13, a right reversing wheel 14, a discharging hole 15, a crushing cutter 16, an upper spring 17, an automatic reversing mechanism 18, a separation plate 19, a fixing ring 20, an impact plate 21, a limiting ring 22, a lower spring 23, a crushing hammer 24, a fixing block 25, a second groove 26, a first groove 27, a third groove 28, a fourth groove 29, a spring plate 30, a protruding block 31, a cutter disc 32, a filter plate 33, a crushing bin 34, a driving mechanism 35 and a circular ring.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production shown in fig. 1-8 comprises a feed port 1, a shell 2, a crushing mechanism 5 and a driving mechanism 34, wherein a material homogenizing plate 4 and the crushing mechanism 5 are arranged in the shell 2; the crushing mechanism 5 comprises a cutter disc 31, a crushing cutter 15, an upper spring 16, a limiting ring 21, a fixed ring 19, an impact plate 20, a lower spring 22, a crushing hammer 23, a fixed block 24 and a circular ring 35; the fixed ring 19 and the limiting ring 21 are arranged on the upper end surface of the cutterhead 31 through partition plates 18 which are uniformly spaced; the limiting ring 21 is arranged in the center of the fixed ring 19, the limiting ring 21 and the fixed ring 19 respectively penetrate through the inner end and the middle part of the crushing cutter 15, so that the cutting part of the crushing cutter 15 is outwards arranged, and an upper spring 16, the crushing cutter 15 and the upper spring 16 are sequentially arranged between adjacent partition plates 18; the circular ring 35 is arranged on the lower end surface of the cutterhead 31 through the fixed blocks 24, the lower springs 22 and the breaking hammers 23 are arranged on two sides of the fixed blocks 24 in pairs, and a group of lower springs 22 and breaking hammers 23 are arranged between the adjacent fixed blocks 24.
When the application is implemented, the implementation key points are as follows:
1. according to the application, the crushing mechanism 5 is used for crushing raw materials, the crushing mechanism 5 is used for crushing, the raw materials are thrown out under the action of centrifugal force along with the increase of the rotating speed, then the raw materials are extruded in the crushing process, the crushing knife 15 and the crushing hammer 23 of the crushing mechanism 5 generate sliding extrusion springs by using springs and the like, and in the crushing process, a balanced compression crushing mode is formed, namely the crushing knife 15 and the crushing hammer 23 slide in a certain range and crush the raw materials, and the crushing hammer 23 is rotated due to the centrifugal force, so that the crushing effect is better.
2. In the application, the springs of the crushing knife 15 and the crushing hammer 23 release compression potential energy in the clamping process, and the friction resistance of the crushing knife 15 and the crushing hammer 23 is reduced due to the reduction of the rotating speed after the clamping, and the impact released by the springs impacts the crushing knife 15 and the crushing hammer 23 or promotes the crushing knife and the crushing hammer 23 to advance for impact, so that the clamping state can be overcome.
3. In the process of overcoming the blocking, if the rotation of the crushing mechanism 5 is not stopped, the crushing mechanism continues to rotate, if the crushing mechanism is completely blocked, the rotating mechanism driving the crushing mechanism 5 can transmit the blocking state to the driving mechanism driving wheel 12, the driving wheel 12 causes the left reversing wheel 10 or the right reversing wheel 13 meshed with the crushing mechanism to be blocked, the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 slide and rotate relatively due to the blocking, so that the driving wheel 12 blocked by the left reversing wheel 10 or the right reversing wheel 13 is separated, and the left reversing wheel 10 or the right reversing wheel 13 which is not blocked is meshed with the driving wheel 12.
In one embodiment of the present application, the breaking hammer 23 is sleeved on the ring 35 and is slidably disposed; simple structure utilizes its slidable structure, realizes its compression, hits the purpose of smashing.
In one embodiment of the present application, the breaking hammer 23 is rotatably disposed around the sleeve portion of the ring 35; so that the robot is convenient to move and the freedom of movement is increased.
In one embodiment of the application, the limiting ring 21 and the fixed ring 19 respectively pass through a long round hole at the inner end of the crushing knife 15 and a round hole at the middle part; in this way, the crushing knife 15 is not blocked by the two, one round hole is limited to slide, the other is a slotted hole, and a redundant movement space is reserved in the movement process.
In one embodiment of the application, the crushing mechanism 5 is driven by a driving mechanism 34; the crushing mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism 34 realize anti-blocking through the automatic reversing mechanism 17, have flexible and changeable structures, are suitable for various application modes, are not limited to an application structure, and create a good structural foundation for application and popularization.
In one embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism 34 drives the automatic reversing mechanism 17 through the rotating shaft 9, the automatic reversing mechanism 17 comprises a left reversing wheel 10, a shaft sleeve 11, a driving wheel 12 and a right reversing wheel 13, and the driving wheel 12 coaxially drives the crushing mechanism 5;
the left reversing wheel 10, the shaft sleeve 11, the right reversing wheel 13 and the rotating shaft 9 are coaxially arranged, and the left reversing wheel 10, the shaft sleeve 11 and the right reversing wheel 13 are integrally connected in a linkage way; the left reversing wheel 10 and the right reversing wheel 13 are arranged at two ends of the shaft sleeve 11, the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 11 is provided with a circulation guiding groove, the circulation guiding groove comprises a second groove 25, a first groove 26, a third groove 27 and a fourth groove 28, the first groove 26, the second groove 25, the third groove 27 and the fourth groove 28 are sequentially connected and are arranged in a closed loop, and the elastic sheet 29 is arranged on the side wall of any non-adjacent two of the second groove 25, the first groove 26, the third groove 27 and the fourth groove 28; the circular guide groove is matched with a lug 30 arranged on the rotating shaft 9, and in the transmission of the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11, the cutter disc 31, the driving wheel 12 and the shaft sleeve 11 are sequentially and continuously clamped, the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 relatively rotate and slide, so that the left reversing wheel 10 and the right reversing wheel 12 at the two ends of the shaft sleeve 11 are driven by one driving wheel 12 of the right reversing wheel 13; the structure utilizes mechanical reverse reversing, utilizes the limit drive after blocking to convert rotation into transverse movement, and further changes the meshing position, so that the structure realizes reverse reversing after blocking, and solves the blocking problem in the material crushing process.
In one embodiment of the application, the number of the crushing cutters 15 is two, an impact plate 20 is arranged between the two crushing cutters 15, the impact plate 20 is fixedly arranged on the fixed ring 19 and the limiting ring 21, and the impact plate 20 is used for limiting the sliding limit position of the crushing cutters 15; the crushing cutters 15 are arranged on two sides, so that the crushing cutters have impact effects in the process of blocking or crushing whether the crushing cutters rotate positively or negatively.
In one embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism 34 includes a motor, and can be implemented by adopting the motor to control forward and reverse rotation in cooperation with the rotating speed of rotation, and the centrifugal trigger switch updates the subsequent structure, continuously optimizes the subsequent structure, reserves an innovation space, and can implement continuous technical upgrading and transformation.
In one embodiment of the present application, the automatic reversing mechanism 17 includes a control module, and a programmer such as a circuit is used to realize timing or obtain the overturn of the sensing signal, so as to prevent the locking in advance, or perform corresponding actions according to the locking.
In one embodiment of the application, the motor is a stepping motor, the control module is a PLC module, the technical path difficulty is small, the realization is convenient, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
In one embodiment of the application, the crushing mechanism 5 is placed in the crushing bin 33; the inner wall of the crushing bin 33 is provided with a wear-resisting plate 6; the material homogenizing plate 4 is connected with the shell 2 through a tension spring 3 and is arranged in a suspending way, and the material homogenizing plate 4 is arranged below the material inlet 1 and above the crushing mechanism 5; reasonable structure, good effect and convenient implementation.
In one embodiment of the application, the brief working principle procedure is as follows:
the feed opening 1 has been seted up to casing 2 upper end, and feed opening 1 below hangs through extension spring 3 has samming board 4, and the centre of samming board 4 is protruding, and the material of throwing into from the feed opening can directly fall on samming board 4, later from samming board 4 landing all around to broken mechanism 5, prevents that the material that drops from directly pounding and falling on blade disc 31, also reduces the material volume that falls to blade disc 31 center department.
A filter plate 32 is arranged below the cutterhead 31, the filter plate 32 separates crushing assemblies of the upper layer and the lower layer of the cutterhead 31, and meanwhile, the filter plate 32 plays a supporting role on the cutterhead 31.
The center of the upper surface of the cutter disc 31 is convex, a fixed ring 19 and a limiting ring 21 are fixedly arranged at the edge, the diameter of the limiting ring 21 is smaller than that of the fixed ring 19, a plurality of partition plates 18 are uniformly distributed on the fixed ring 19 and the limiting ring 21, and an impact plate 20 is further arranged between every two partition plates 18; the crushing knife 15 is arranged on the fixed ring 19 and the limiting ring 21, so that the crushing knife 15 is kept horizontal in the working process; a crushing knife 15 is arranged between each separation plate 18 and the impact plate 20, an upper spring 16 is further arranged on a fixing ring 19 between the crushing knife 15 and the separation plates 18, and two crushing knives 15 and two upper springs 16 between each two separation plates 18 are symmetrically arranged. Ensuring that half of crushing cutters 15 extrude springs to wait for collision when the cutter disc 31 rotates forwards and reversely, and the other half of the crushing cutters 15 stay in place for continuous crushing operation
The lower surface of the cutterhead 31 is provided with a circular ring, the circular ring is arranged on the lower surface of the cutterhead 31 through a fixed block 24, the circular ring is provided with breaking hammers 23, and the arrangement mode of the breaking hammers 23 is the same as that of the breaking knives 15 on the upper surface of the cutterhead 31.
A driving shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the cutterhead 31, and is rotatably installed in the shell 2, and a driving wheel 12 is arranged at the lower end of the driving shaft; the motor 7 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the shell 2, an output shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 9, a shaft sleeve 11 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 9, a left reversing wheel 10 and a right reversing wheel 13 are arranged at two ends of the shaft sleeve 11, and the left reversing wheel 10 and the right reversing wheel 13 can be meshed with a driving wheel 12; the rotating shaft 9 is provided with a lug 30; the sleeve 11 is internally provided with a groove, and the lug 30 extends into the groove.
When the cutter head 31 rotates, the crushing cutter 15 and the side wall of the shell 2 rotate and squeeze to crush, and the crushing cutter 15 can squeeze the upper spring 16 due to friction force between the crushing cutter 15 and the side wall of the shell 2; meanwhile, the breaking hammer 23 on the lower surface of the cutterhead 31 is tilted towards the direction away from the circle center of the cutterhead 31 under the centrifugal action of the cutterhead 31, so that the breaking hammer 23 is in contact with the wear-resistant plate 6, materials which fall from the filter plate 32 after being primarily broken by the breaking knife 15 are further broken, and the breaking hammer 23 can squeeze the lower spring 22 due to friction force between the breaking hammer 23 and the wear-resistant plate 6; at this time, if the crushing cutter 15 on the upper surface of the cutter disc 31 is suddenly blocked, the cutter disc 31 cannot rotate, the lower spring 22 on the lower surface of the cutter disc 31 is released, the crushing hammer 23 is pushed to strike on the fixed block 24, and the cutter disc 31 is separated from the blocking by the striking; if the breaking hammer 23 on the lower surface of the cutterhead 31 is suddenly blocked, the cutterhead 31 cannot rotate, the upper spring 16 on the upper surface of the cutterhead 31 releases to push the breaking blade 15 to impact on the impact plate 20, so that the cutterhead 31 is separated from the blocking, meanwhile, the breaking hammer 23 also starts to be changed into a vertical state due to the loss of centrifugal force, in the process, after the breaking hammer 23 is separated from the wear-resisting plate 6, the breaking hammer 23 is possibly separated from the blocking, and under the action of the lower spring 22, the upper spring 16 impacts on the fixed block 24, so that the cutterhead 31 is further ensured to be separated from the blocking state.
If the crushing mechanism 5 on the upper and lower surfaces of the cutterhead 31 is simultaneously blocked, at this time, the cutterhead 31 cannot rotate, i.e. the driving wheel 12 cannot rotate, the shaft sleeve 11 cannot rotate, the motor 7 drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate continuously, i.e. the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 rotate relatively, the boss 30 on the rotating shaft 9 is positioned in the first groove 26 in the shaft sleeve 11, the boss 30 is meshed with the elastic sheet 29 in the first groove 26 to push the shaft sleeve 11 to rotate, after the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 rotate relatively, the boss 30 starts to slide in the first groove 26 and is disengaged from the elastic sheet 29, after the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 slide to the second groove 25, the left reversing wheel 10 is disengaged from the driving wheel 12 through the cooperation of the boss 30 and the second groove 25, the right reversing wheel 13 is meshed with the driving wheel 12, then the boss 30 enters the third groove 27, the boss 30 is meshed with the elastic sheet 29 in the third groove 27 again, and the rotating shaft 9 and the shaft sleeve 11 rotate synchronously, and the cutterhead 31 reverses; when the locking is again performed, the protruding block 30 continues to slide from the third groove 27, passes through the fourth groove 28, and makes the left reversing wheel 10 re-engage with the driving wheel 12, and then slides into the first groove 26, and the protruding block 30 engages with the elastic sheet 29, so as to restore the initial state.
The first groove 26 and the third groove 27 have certain lengths, so that after the cutter disc 31 is blocked, the protruding blocks 30 in the rotating shaft 9 slide in the first groove 26 and the third groove 27 and are in a static state for a period of time before entering the second groove 25 and the fourth groove 28, and the cutter disc 31 is prevented from being directly converted from high-speed positive rotation to high-speed reverse rotation, and the cutter disc 31 is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge acceleration; a heat dissipation net 8 is arranged on the shell 2 at the end part of the motor 7; the bottom surface of the crushing chamber in the shell 2 is arranged obliquely.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application;
the description of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples;
in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a raw materials breaker is used in graphite electrode production, includes feed inlet (1), casing (2), crushing mechanism (5), actuating mechanism (34), its characterized in that: a material equalizing plate (4) and a crushing mechanism (5) are arranged in the shell (2);
the crushing mechanism (5) comprises a cutter head (31), a crushing cutter (15), an upper spring (16), a limiting ring (21), a fixed ring (19), an impact plate (20), a lower spring (22), a crushing hammer (23), a fixed block (24) and a circular ring (35);
the fixed ring (19) and the limiting ring (21) are arranged on the upper end surface of the cutter head (31) through partition plates (18) which are uniformly spaced;
the limiting ring (21) is arranged at the center of the fixed ring (19), the limiting ring (21) and the fixed ring (19) respectively penetrate through the inner end and the middle part of the crushing cutter (15), so that the cutting part of the crushing cutter (15) is outwards arranged, and an upper spring (16), the crushing cutter (15) and the upper spring (16) are sequentially arranged between adjacent partition plates (18);
the circular ring (35) is arranged on the lower end surface of the cutter disc (31) through the fixed blocks (24), the lower springs (22) and the breaking hammers (23) are arranged on two sides of the fixed blocks (24) in pairs, and a group of lower springs (22) and breaking hammers (23) are arranged between the adjacent fixed blocks (24);
the breaking hammer (23) is sleeved on the circular ring (35) and can be arranged in a sliding way;
the breaking hammer (23) is rotatably arranged around the sleeving part of the circular ring (35);
the limiting ring (21) and the fixing ring (19) respectively penetrate through a long round hole at the inner end of the crushing cutter (15) and a round hole in the middle;
the crushing mechanism (5) is driven by a driving mechanism (34); the crushing mechanism (5) and the driving mechanism (34) are prevented from being blocked by arranging an automatic reversing mechanism (17);
the driving mechanism (34) drives the automatic reversing mechanism (17) through the rotating shaft (9), the automatic reversing mechanism (17) comprises a left reversing wheel (10), a shaft sleeve (11), a driving wheel (12) and a right reversing wheel (13), and the driving wheel (12) coaxially drives the crushing mechanism (5);
the left reversing wheel (10), the shaft sleeve (11), the right reversing wheel (13) and the rotating shaft (9) are coaxially arranged, and the left reversing wheel (10), the shaft sleeve (11) and the right reversing wheel (13) are integrally connected in a linkage way; the left reversing wheel (10) and the right reversing wheel (13) are arranged at two ends of the shaft sleeve (11), the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (11) is provided with a circulation guiding groove, the circulation guiding groove comprises a second groove (25), a first groove (26), a third groove (27) and a fourth groove (28), the first groove (26), the second groove (25), the third groove (27) and the fourth groove (28) are sequentially connected and are arranged in a closed loop, and the elastic sheet (29) is arranged on the side wall of any two non-adjacent ones of the second groove (25), the first groove (26), the third groove (27) and the fourth groove (28); the circular guide groove is matched with a lug (30) arranged on the rotating shaft (9), in the transmission of the rotating shaft (9) and the shaft sleeve (11), the cutter disc (31), the driving wheel (12) and the shaft sleeve (11) are sequentially and continuously clamped, the rotating shaft (9) and the shaft sleeve (11) relatively rotate and slide, so that the left reversing wheel (10) and the right reversing wheel (12) at the two ends of the shaft sleeve (11) are provided with one driving wheel (12) of the right reversing wheel (13).
2. The raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the crushing cutters (15) is two, an impact plate (20) is arranged between the two crushing cutters (15), the impact plate (20) is fixedly arranged on the fixed ring (19) and the limiting ring (21), and the impact plate (20) is used for limiting the sliding limit position of the crushing cutters (15).
3. The raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (34) comprises a motor; the automatic reversing mechanism (17) comprises a control module.
4. The raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to claim 1, wherein: the motor is a stepping motor, and the control module is a PLC module.
5. The raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production according to claim 1, wherein: the crushing mechanism (5) is arranged in the crushing bin (33); the inner wall of the crushing bin (33) is provided with a wear-resistant plate (6); the material homogenizing plate (4) is connected with the shell (2) through a tension spring (3) and is hung, and the material homogenizing plate (4) is arranged below the material feeding port (1) and above the crushing mechanism (5).
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| CN202210929352.XA CN115178343B (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | Raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production |
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| CN202210929352.XA CN115178343B (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | Raw material crushing device for graphite electrode production |
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| CN115178343B true CN115178343B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN108067335A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 天津市津南区友胜机械刀具配件厂 | A kind of crushing cutter |
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