CN115173029A - Wide-beam circularly-polarized microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array - Google Patents
Wide-beam circularly-polarized microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array Download PDFInfo
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- CN115173029A CN115173029A CN202210501542.1A CN202210501542A CN115173029A CN 115173029 A CN115173029 A CN 115173029A CN 202210501542 A CN202210501542 A CN 202210501542A CN 115173029 A CN115173029 A CN 115173029A
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array, which comprises a radiation patch, a micro-strip coupling line, a medium layer and a bottom floor, wherein the radiation patch is arranged on the bottom floor; the radiation patch is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the microstrip coupling line is positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the bottom floor is positioned on the lower surface of the medium layer, and a rectangular gap structure, a rectangular micro-strip feeder line and a BGA ball-planting structure are arranged on the bottom floor; the radiation patch is connected with the rectangular microstrip feeder line of the bottom floor through the metal via hole; the microstrip coupling line is also connected with the lower surface of the bottom floor through the metal via hole. The ball-planting structure is directly connected with the radio frequency front end, so that the radio frequency front end has the characteristics of small loss, light weight, low cost and the like; meanwhile, the defects of narrow beam, uneven radiation and the like of the conventional microstrip antenna are overcome, and the technical problems of low section and wide coverage of the conventional satellite-borne phased array element are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a satellite-borne phased array antenna technology applied to the field of satellite internet communication, in particular to a wide-beam circularly polarized array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array.
Background
With the reduction of the manufacturing cost of satellites in batches and the development of satellite carrying technology, satellite internet communication has become a research hotspot in the field of international space and flight. Compared with a traditional single satellite, the satellite internet constellation system with a high volume ratio is more complex, and more technical requirements are provided for the satellite-borne phased-array antenna. First, as satellite miniaturization advances and satellite space resources are drastically reduced, the envelope size and weight of an on-board antenna are severely limited. The flat phased array antenna is very suitable for satellite communication application due to the extremely low profile characteristic, but the satellite-borne flat phased array element is electrically interconnected with a millimeter wave front end through a coaxial cable, SMP, SMA and other traditional connectors at present, and has the defects of large volume, heavy weight, large insertion loss and the like. Secondly, in order to meet the wide coverage requirement of satellite communication, the satellite-borne array antenna still needs to have high gain during large-angle scanning, which requires that the phased array unit has a wide beam characteristic. The conventional single-layer microstrip antenna has a narrow bandwidth (only about 3%), while the multilayer microstrip antenna with a wider beam width is in a satellite-borne high-temperature and low-temperature alternating environment (conventionally about +/-90 degrees), and a great risk of delamination failure caused by the inconsistency of the thermal expansion coefficients of the multilayer medium and the middle bonding layer is encountered. Finally, the microstrip antenna often causes asymmetry of the unit directional diagram on different tangent planes due to the non-strict symmetry of the antenna structure and the conventionally adopted bias feeding mode, so that the gain is obviously reduced when the array is scanned at a large angle on some tangent planes, and the application requirement that the satellite-borne antenna is expected to be uniformly and completely covered on the azimuth plane cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The wide-beam circularly polarized Array element is suitable for an AOP (Antenna on Package) millimeter wave phased Array, is directly interconnected with a radio frequency front end by a Ball Grid Array (PCB) through BGA (the full name of BGA is Ball Grid Array), which is a packaging method that an integrated circuit adopts an organic carrier plate), and has the characteristics of small loss, light weight, low cost and the like; meanwhile, the defects of narrow beam, uneven radiation and the like of the conventional microstrip antenna are overcome, and the technical problems of low section and wide coverage of the conventional satellite-borne phased array element are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array comprises a radiation patch, a micro-strip coupling line, a medium layer and a bottom floor;
the radiation patch is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the microstrip coupling line is positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the bottom floor is positioned on the lower surface of the medium layer, and a rectangular gap structure, a rectangular micro-strip feeder line and a BGA ball-planting structure are arranged on the bottom floor;
the radiation patch is connected with the rectangular microstrip feeder of the bottom floor through the metal via hole; the microstrip coupling line is also connected with the lower surface of the bottom floor through the metal via hole.
Furthermore, the radiation patch is circular, 4 rectangular gaps are cut at the edge of the radiation patch, and the 4 rectangular gaps are in central symmetry positions relative to the center of the patch; the radiation patch is characterized in that a rectangular groove is formed in the inner side of the radiation patch, the groove width of the rectangular groove is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the center of the rectangular groove is overlapped with the center of the patch.
Furthermore, an included acute angle between a connecting line between the center of any one of the 4 rectangular notches and the center of the patch and the central axis of the long edge of the rectangular groove on the inner side of the patch is 45 degrees.
Furthermore, the microstrip coupling line comprises 8 rectangular microstrip strips, and one end of each 2 rectangular microstrip strips is overlapped and arranged at the right angle of the upper surface of the square of the dielectric layer in a right angle; the width of the rectangular microstrip strip is 0.1mm, the long edge of the rectangular microstrip strip is parallel to the edge of the dielectric layer, and the distance between the long edge of the rectangular microstrip strip and the edge of the dielectric layer is 0.1mm.
Furthermore, the dielectric layer is a cuboid, is made of an anti-irradiation material, and is internally provided with 5 metal through holes to realize connection between the radiation patch and the bottom floor as well as connection between the microstrip coupling line and the bottom floor.
Further, the 5 metal vias include 1 feed via and 4 ground vias; the feed through hole is connected with the radiation patch and the rectangular microstrip feed line, the center of the contact surface of the feed through hole and the radiation patch deviates from the circle center of the radiation patch, and the center of the contact surface of the feed through hole and the rectangular microstrip feed line is on the axial line of the short side of the rectangular microstrip feed line; the 4 grounding through holes are respectively positioned at four corners of the medium layer, one end of each of the 4 grounding through holes is correspondingly connected with the overlapping part of the 4 pairs of microstrip coupling lines one by one, and the other end of each of the 4 grounding through holes is communicated to the lower surface of the bottom floor 4.
Further, the metal through hole is a metal cylinder with the diameter of 0.2 mm.
Furthermore, the center of the rectangular slot structure on the bottom floor is superposed with the center of the rectangular microstrip feeder line; the length and the width of the rectangular slot structure are respectively greater than those of the rectangular microstrip feeder line, and the difference value is a fixed value of 0.15mm.
Furthermore, the BGA ball-planting structure is positioned on the lower surface of the rectangular microstrip feeder line, and the center of the contact surface of the feed through hole and the rectangular microstrip feeder line are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the long edge of the rectangular microstrip feeder line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the phased array elements are directly connected with the radio frequency front end through the BGA ball planting structure, and the phased array elements have the advantages of being small in loss, light in weight and low in cost.
2. The phased array element adopts a single-layer microstrip antenna form, has simple structure and low cost, can effectively reduce the failure risk of the antenna under the satellite-borne high-low temperature alternating environment, and meets the requirement of high reliability of the satellite-borne antenna.
3. The phased array elements realize the adjustment of an antenna directional pattern through the near field coupling of the microstrip coupling line, the half-power beam width is expanded to be larger than 95 degrees, the directional pattern is radiated uniformly and symmetrically on different tangent planes, and the requirement of wide coverage of the satellite-borne phased array elements is met.
4. The phased array element realizes good circularly polarized radiation in the working bandwidth through the patch edge and the inner side cut rectangular groove, has a simple structure, and meets the requirement of the circularly polarized characteristic of the satellite-borne antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view of a wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulated standing wave ratio curve of a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simulated gain-frequency curve of a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation axial ratio-frequency curve of a wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simulated half-power beam width-frequency curve of a wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a simulated gain radiation pattern of the center frequency of a wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element at 29GHz, which is suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for an AOP millimeter wave phased array includes a radiation patch 1, a microstrip coupling line 2, a dielectric layer 3, and a bottom floor 4. The radiation patch 1 is circular with the radius of 1.1mm, the edge of the radiation patch is cut into 4 rectangular notches 101, 102, 103 and 104 with the size of 0.5mm x 0.1mm, and the notches are in central symmetry relative to the center of the radiation patch. The length of the inner side of the radiation patch 1 is 2.1mm, the width of the inner side of the radiation patch 1 is 0.15mm, the center of the rectangular groove 11 coincides with the circle center of the radiation patch 1, and the included angle between the central axis of the long side of the rectangular groove and the connecting line of the center of the rectangular notch 102 and the circle center of the radiation patch is 45 degrees. The microstrip coupling line 2 comprises 8 rectangular microstrip strips 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 with the size of 0.1mm x 1.2mm, wherein one end of each 2 rectangular microstrip strips is overlapped and arranged at the right angle of the square upper surface of the dielectric layer 3 in a right angle mode, and the long side of each rectangular microstrip strip is parallel to the edge of the dielectric layer and is 0.1mm away. The dielectric layer 3 is made of an anti-irradiation material with a dielectric constant of 3.47, the size is 5.1mm × 1mm, a feed through hole 31 with the radius of 0.1mm is formed in the dielectric layer 3, the feed through hole 31 is connected with the radiation patch 1 and the bottom floor 4, grounding through holes 32, 33, 34 and 35 with the radius of 0.1mm are further formed in the dielectric layer 3, one ends of the 4 grounding through holes are correspondingly connected with the overlapped positions of the 4 pairs of microstrip coupling lines one by one, and the other ends of the 4 grounding through holes are communicated to the lower surface of the bottom floor 4. The center of the contact surface between the feed through hole 31 and the radiation patch 1 deviates 0.4mm from the center of the radiation patch 1. The bottom floor 4 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric layer 3, and a rectangular slot structure 41, a rectangular micro-strip feeder line 42 and a BGA ball-planting structure 43 are arranged on the bottom floor 4. The size of the rectangular slot structure 41 is 0.8mm x 2.8mm, the size of the rectangular microstrip feed line 42 is 0.5mm x 2.5mm, and the center of the rectangular slot structure 41 is superposed with the center of the rectangular microstrip feed line 42. The BGA ball-planting structure 43 is a metal hemisphere with the radius of 0.5mm, and is located on the lower surface of the rectangular microstrip feeder line 42, and the center of the contact surface and the centers of the feed through hole 31 and the contact surface of the rectangular microstrip feeder line 42 are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the long side of the rectangular microstrip feeder line 42.
Based on the above design, the corresponding simulation results are given below. The simulated standing wave ratio curve, the simulated gain-frequency curve graph, the simulated axial ratio-frequency curve graph, the simulated half-power beam width-frequency curve graph and the simulated gain radiation pattern with the center frequency of 29GHz of the antenna are respectively shown in figures 3-7. It can be seen that the phased array element is of a single-layer microstrip structure, the envelope size is 5.1mm by 1mm, the interconnection with the radio frequency front end is realized directly through the BGA ball-planting structure, and the phased array element has the characteristics of simple structure, low section, light weight and low cost. The VSWR is less than 1.5, the gain is more than 5.5dBi, the axial ratio is less than 3dB, the half-power beam width is more than 95 degrees, the radiation gain difference value of each tangent plane in the half-power beam width is less than 0.5dB, effective circular polarization high-gain uniform radiation can be carried out in a working bandwidth which exceeds 10%, and the requirements of high volume ratio satellite internet communication application on low profile, wide coverage and high reliability of a satellite-borne antenna are met.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a wide wave beam circular polarization microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array which characterized in that: the microstrip radiating patch comprises a radiating patch, a microstrip coupling line, a dielectric layer and a bottom floor;
the radiation patch is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the microstrip coupling line is positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the bottom floor is positioned on the lower surface of the medium layer, and a rectangular gap structure, a rectangular micro-strip feeder line and a BGA ball-planting structure are arranged on the bottom floor;
the radiation patch is connected with the rectangular microstrip feeder line of the bottom floor through the metal via hole; the microstrip coupling line is also connected with the lower surface of the bottom floor through the metal via hole.
2. The wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radiation patch is circular, 4 rectangular notches are cut at the edge of the radiation patch, and the 4 rectangular notches are in central symmetry positions relative to the center of the patch; the radiation patch is characterized in that a rectangular groove is formed in the inner side of the radiation patch, the groove width of the rectangular groove is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the center of the rectangular groove is overlapped with the circle center of the patch.
3. The wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 1, wherein: and an acute angle formed by a connecting line between the center of any one of the 4 rectangular notches and the center of the patch and the central axis of the long edge of the rectangular groove on the inner side of the patch is 45 degrees.
4. The wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 1, wherein: the micro-strip coupling line comprises 8 rectangular micro-strip lines, and one end of each 2 rectangular micro-strip lines is overlapped to be arranged at a right angle on the upper surface of the square of the dielectric layer; the width of the rectangular microstrip strip is 0.1mm, the long edge of the rectangular microstrip strip is parallel to the edge of the dielectric layer, and the distance between the long edge of the rectangular microstrip strip and the edge of the dielectric layer is 0.1mm.
5. The wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array is characterized in that: the medium layer is a cuboid and is made of an anti-irradiation material, and 5 metal through holes are formed in the medium layer to realize connection of the radiation patch and the bottom floor as well as connection of the microstrip coupling line and the bottom floor.
6. The wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array of claim 5, wherein: the 5 metal through holes comprise 1 feed through hole and 4 ground through holes; the feed through hole is connected with the radiation patch and the rectangular microstrip feed line, the center of the contact surface of the feed through hole and the radiation patch deviates from the circle center of the radiation patch, and the center of the contact surface of the feed through hole and the rectangular microstrip feed line is on the axial line of the short side of the rectangular microstrip feed line; the 4 grounding through holes are respectively positioned at four corners of the medium layer, one end of each of the 4 grounding through holes is correspondingly connected with the overlapping part of the 4 pairs of microstrip coupling lines one by one, and the other end of each of the 4 grounding through holes is communicated to the lower surface of the bottom floor 4.
7. The wide-beam circularly polarized micro-strip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the metal through hole is a metal cylinder with the diameter of 0.2 mm.
8. The wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the rectangular slot structure on the bottom floor is superposed with the center of the rectangular microstrip feeder line; the length and the width of the rectangular slot structure are respectively greater than those of the rectangular microstrip feeder line, and the difference value is a fixed value of 0.15mm.
9. The wide-beam circularly polarized microstrip array element suitable for the AOP millimeter wave phased array according to claim 8, wherein: the BGA ball-planting structure is positioned on the lower surface of the rectangular microstrip feeder line, and the center of the contact surface and the center of the feed through hole are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the long edge of the rectangular microstrip feeder line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210501542.1A CN115173029A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Wide-beam circularly-polarized microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210501542.1A CN115173029A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Wide-beam circularly-polarized microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array |
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| CN115173029A true CN115173029A (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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| CN202210501542.1A Pending CN115173029A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Wide-beam circularly-polarized microstrip array element suitable for AOP millimeter wave phased array |
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