CN115166065A - 一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法 - Google Patents
一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,步骤一:准备供试品溶液;步骤二:准备混合对照品溶液;取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5‑羟甲基糠醛对照品、3‑吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5‑羟甲基糠醛20μg、3‑吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液,本发明采用高效液相色谱法进行测定,可以快速便捷的测定尿毒素患者的尿液和腹膜透出液中多种毒素结果,对于监测尿毒素患者体内毒素具有重要意义,同时对于人工肾研发具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法。
背景技术
慢性肾衰竭是指各种肾脏病导致肾脏功能渐进性不可逆性减退,直至功能丧失所出现的一系列症状和代谢紊乱所组成的临床综合征,简称慢性肾衰。慢性肾衰的终末期即为人们常说的尿毒症。尿毒症不是一个独立的疾病,而是各种晚期的肾脏病共有的临床综合征,是慢性肾功能衰竭进入终末阶段时出现的一系列临床表现所组成的综合征。
尿毒症毒素分为小分子、中分子及大分子类,其中小分子毒素类为腹膜透析和血液透析最主要的可除去毒素,该毒素可导致细胞、组织、器官损伤或引发免疫紊乱、炎症损伤及代谢紊乱等全身性反应,引起心血管系统、骨骼系统、血液系统、神经系统等不同系统症状。不同类型的尿毒症毒素其作用机制和原理不尽相同,但当其作用于同一器官或系统时可使患者产生类似或相同的症状,亦可因全身性反应而使症状加重。正常人由于肾功能正常,可清除此类代谢产物或毒素;而尿毒症患者肾功能不全,无法及时清除尿毒症毒素,其在体内蓄积可引起尿毒症的临床表现,故需要透析治疗清除尿毒症毒素,提高生存质量。
小分子毒素类一般包括:肌酐、胍类、肌酸、尿酸、马尿酸、苯乙酸等,目前常用的检测手段为免疫试剂盒法,即采用抗原抗体结合的原理,使用全自动生化仪对各项指标进行测定,但由于免疫试剂盒针对性强,一次只能测定一种毒素,检测流程较为复杂,因此急需一种可以一次性将多种毒素同时检测的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,步骤一:准备供试品溶液;精密量取腹膜透析液或尿液5ml,置10ml量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀;
步骤二:准备混合对照品溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5-羟甲基糠醛20μg、3-吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液;
步骤三:按照高效液相色谱法测定,精密量取供试品溶液和混合对照品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,按外标法计算供试品溶液中各组分结果。
优选的,色谱条件为采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;流动相:A相:0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液,B相:乙腈;检测波长为200nm;流速为每分钟1.0ml;柱温为25℃;进样体积20μl。
优选的,磷酸二氢钾溶液的配置为称取无水磷酸二氢钾2.7g,置1000ml量瓶中,加水溶解并稀释至刻度,混匀,用5mol/L氢氧化钾调节pH值至6.50。
优选的,系统适用性要求为混合对照品溶液色谱图中,出峰顺序依次为:乳酸钠、肌酸、尿酸、肌酐、苯乙酸、马尿酸、5-羟甲基糠醛、3-吲哚乙酸、对甲苯酚,苯乙酸和马尿酸峰间的分离度均应不小于1.2,其他各峰间的分离度均应不小于1.5;各峰的拖尾因子均应不大于1.5。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用高效液相色谱法进行测定,可以快速便捷的测定尿毒素患者的尿液和腹膜透出液中多种毒素结果,对于监测尿毒素患者体内毒素具有重要意义,同时对于人工肾(可穿戴式小型腹膜透析机)研发具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为混合对照品溶液图谱(全视图);
图2为混合对照品溶液图谱(10-15分钟放大图)。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种技术方案:一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,步骤一:准备供试品溶液;精密量取腹膜透析液或尿液5ml,置10ml量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀;
步骤二:准备混合对照品溶液;取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5-羟甲基糠醛20μg、3-吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液;
步骤三:按照高效液相色谱法测定,精密量取供试品溶液和混合对照品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,按外标法计算供试品溶液中各组分结果。
本实施例中,优选的,色谱条件为采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;流动相:A相:0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液,B相:乙腈;检测波长为200nm;流速为每分钟1.0ml;柱温为25℃;进样体积20μl;梯度洗脱条件见表1。
表1梯度洗脱条件
本实施例中,优选的,磷酸二氢钾溶液的配置为称取无水磷酸二氢钾2.7g,置1000ml量瓶中,加水溶解并稀释至刻度,混匀,用5mol/L氢氧化钾调节pH值至6.50。
本实施例中,优选的,系统适用性要求为混合对照品溶液色谱图中,出峰顺序依次为:乳酸钠、肌酸、尿酸、肌酐、马尿酸、苯乙酸、5-羟甲基糠醛、3-吲哚乙酸、对甲苯酚,苯乙酸和马尿酸峰间的分离度均应不小于1.2,其他各峰间的分离度均应不小于1.5;各峰的拖尾因子均应不大于1.5。
本发明方法主要的研究过程如下:
系统适用性
混合对照品溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5-羟甲基糠醛20μg、3-吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液。
取混合对照品溶液进样,结果表明,各组分之间分离度均符合要求,见附图1、2及表2。
表2混合对照品溶液各组分峰结果图
专属性
乳酸钠对照品溶液:取乳酸钠对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含乳酸钠400μg的溶液。
肌酸对照品溶液:取肌酸对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含肌酸4μg的溶液。
尿酸对照品溶液:取尿酸对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含尿酸20μg的溶液。
肌酐对照品溶液:取肌酐对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含肌酐4μg的溶液。
苯乙酸对照品溶液:取苯乙酸对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含苯乙酸20μg的溶液。
马尿酸对照品溶液:取马尿酸对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含马尿酸20μg的溶液。
5-羟甲基糠醛对照品溶液:取5-羟甲基糠醛对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含5-羟甲基糠醛20μg的溶液。
3-吲哚乙酸对照品溶液:取3-吲哚乙酸对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含3-吲哚乙酸20μg的溶液。
对甲苯酚对照品溶液:取对甲苯酚对照品适量,用流动相制成每1ml含对甲苯酚10μg的溶液。
取上述9种溶液,分别进样,结果表明9种组分的出峰时间无相互干扰,方法专属性良好。
准确度
采用空白加标法,配制准确度溶液。
80%准确度溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠320μg、肌酸3.2μg、尿酸16μg、肌酐3.2μg、苯乙酸16μg、马尿酸16μg、5-羟甲基糠醛16μg、3-吲哚乙酸16μg、对甲苯酚8μg的溶液。
100%准确度溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5-羟甲基糠醛20μg、3-吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液。
120%准确度溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠480μg、肌酸4.8μg、尿酸24μg、肌酐4.8μg、苯乙酸24μg、马尿酸24μg、5-羟甲基糠醛24μg、3-吲哚乙酸24μg、对甲苯酚12μg的溶液。
将80%、100%及120%准确度溶液,分别进样三次,9份结果见下表3。
表3准确度结果汇总表
组分 | 准确度结果(%) |
乳酸钠 | 97.4~100.5 |
肌酸 | 96.3~105.6 |
尿酸 | 99.3~105.3 |
肌酐 | 96.0~100.9 |
苯乙酸 | 97.4~103.9 |
马尿酸 | 97.6~100.7 |
5-羟甲基糠醛 | 99.8~106.1 |
3-吲哚乙酸 | 99.2~103.1 |
对甲苯酚 | 96.8~100.5 |
由准确度结果可知,回收率均在达到96~107%范围内,方法准确度良好。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,其特征在于:步骤一:准备供试品溶液;精密量取腹膜透析液或尿液5ml,置10ml量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀;
步骤二:准备混合对照品溶液:取乳酸钠对照品、肌酸对照品、尿酸对照品、肌酐对照品、苯乙酸对照品、马尿酸对照品、5-羟甲基糠醛对照品、3-吲哚乙酸对照品、对甲苯酚对照品各适量,加流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含乳酸钠400μg、肌酸4μg、尿酸20μg、肌酐4μg、苯乙酸20μg、马尿酸20μg、5-羟甲基糠醛20μg、3-吲哚乙酸20μg、对甲苯酚10μg的溶液;
步骤三:按照高效液相色谱法测定,精密量取供试品溶液和混合对照品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,按外标法计算供试品溶液中各组分结果。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,其特征在于:色谱条件为采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;流动相:A相:0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液,B相:乙腈;检测波长为200nm;流速为每分钟1.0ml;柱温为25℃;进样体积20μl。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,其特征在于:磷酸二氢钾溶液的配置为称取无水磷酸二氢钾2.7g,置1000ml量瓶中,加水溶解并稀释至刻度,混匀,用5mol/L氢氧化钾调节pH值至6.50。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种尿毒症患者体内多种小分子毒素的检测方法,其特征在于:系统适用性要求为混合对照品溶液色谱图中,出峰顺序依次为:乳酸钠、肌酸、尿酸、肌酐、苯乙酸、马尿酸、5-羟甲基糠醛、3-吲哚乙酸、对甲苯酚,苯乙酸和马尿酸峰间的分离度均应不小于1.2,其他各峰间的分离度均应不小于1.5;各峰的拖尾因子均应不大于1.5。
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