CN115164216A - Resource utilization system for waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor, which comprises a pretreatment unit, an incineration unit, a heat energy recovery unit, a flue gas treatment unit and a crude salt refining unit, wherein the incineration unit comprises an incinerator, a pipeline for conveying the waste gas, the waste oil and the waste alkali liquor is connected to the incinerator through the pretreatment unit, the incinerator incinerates the waste oil, the waste alkali liquor, the high-temperature superheater and the low-temperature superheater form the heat energy recovery unit, and the flue gas treatment unit comprises a quench tower, an air preheater, an economizer, an electric dust remover, a bag-type dust remover, a denitration reactor and a chimney which are sequentially connected; the crude salt refining unit comprises a stirring dissolver, a filter and an evaporator which are connected in sequence, and sodium carbonate crude salt collected by the incinerator bottom salt, the electrostatic dust collection and the bag-type dust collector is refined by the crude salt refining unit. The invention forms a system for producing byproduct steam and carbonate from sodium salt-alkali solution generated by burning chemical organic waste gas and waste oil, thereby achieving the purpose of resource utilization of waste.

Description

Resource utilization system for waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor

Technical Field

The invention relates to a resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor, belonging to the field of resource utilization of waste.

Background

The current environmental problems are becoming more serious, the problems of the atmospheric environment are also becoming more and more the focus of attention, and the emission standards set by the government are also becoming more and more strict. Volatile chemical organic waste gas and chemical waste liquid in various pollution sources not only cause serious environmental pollution and harm to human health, but also participate in atmospheric photochemical reaction, directly cause formation of PM2.5 and ozone in the atmosphere and influence improvement of air quality. Strengthening the work of preventing and controlling the atmospheric pollution is obligation and responsibility which should be exhausted by enterprises.

Along with the development of chemical industry, a large amount of organic waste gas, waste oil, sodium waste saline-alkali liquor produced by a production system are urgently required to be subjected to standardized treatment, and due to the particularity of the organic waste gas, the waste oil and the waste alkali liquor, the mode of outward treatment, transportation and the like has higher environmental risk, and a safer and more reliable treatment mode is urgently required. If the chemical organic waste gas and the chemical waste liquid cannot be treated in time, air pollution and harm to human health are caused, and the environmental protection laws and regulations of related countries are violated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a recycling system of waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor, which forms a process system for incinerating waste sodium saline-alkali liquor and byproduct steam and carbonate in chemical organic waste gas and waste oil, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling waste.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a resource utilization system for waste gas, waste oil and waste lye comprises a pretreatment unit, an incineration unit, a heat energy recovery unit, a smoke treatment unit and a crude salt refining unit, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises a buffer tank, the incineration unit comprises an incinerator, a pipeline for conveying the waste gas, the waste oil and the waste lye is connected to the incinerator through the buffer tank, a gas burner, a fuel burner and a waste lye atomization spray gun are arranged in the incinerator, the waste gas and the waste oil are combusted through the gas burner and the fuel burner, the waste lye is heated to more than 85 ℃ and is sprayed to an incineration furnace chamber through the waste lye atomization spray gun, and suspension combustion is carried out in the incineration furnace chamber; the outlet of the incinerator is provided with a high-temperature superheater, a low-temperature superheater, a water-cooling screen type heat exchanger and an evaporating pipe screen type heat exchanger, and the high-temperature superheater and the low-temperature superheater form a heat energy recovery unit for recovering combustion heat energy; the flue gas treatment unit comprises a quench tower, an air preheater, an economizer, an electric dust remover, a bag-type dust remover, a denitration reactor and a chimney which are sequentially connected, and the flue gas cooled by the water-cooling screen type heat exchanger and the evaporation tube screen type heat exchanger is discharged through the flue gas treatment unit; the crude salt refining unit comprises a stirring dissolver, a filter and an evaporator which are connected in sequence, and sodium carbonate crude salt collected by the incinerator bottom salt, the electrostatic dust collection and the bag-type dust collector is refined by the crude salt refining unit.

Furthermore, a pressure reducing valve, an overpressure relief device and a check valve are arranged on the waste gas conveying pipeline in front of the buffer tank.

Furthermore, the waste oil of the waste oil buffer tank is conveyed to a double-fluid atomizing nozzle through a waste oil pump, and the double-fluid atomizing nozzle is connected with the fuel burner.

Furthermore, the periphery of the incinerator is composed of membrane type water-cooled walls, the bottom of the hearth is a high-temperature combustion area, and the middle upper part of the hearth is a high-temperature oxidation area; the waste alkali liquor atomization spray gun is positioned above the gas burner and the oil burner and is arranged in a layered manner.

Furthermore, the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 2-3S, the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the second high-temperature oxidation zone is 6-9S, the temperature range of the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 1250-1150 ℃, and the temperature range of the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 1250-750 ℃.

Furthermore, the bottom of the incinerator is provided with a molten material outlet which is connected with a diversion trench, and the diversion trench is provided with a check ring.

Further, an air distribution system for combustion of the incinerator comprises primary air, secondary air and tertiary air, wherein the primary air is ventilated from the bottom of the incinerator, the secondary air is arranged in a two-layer mode above and below a waste alkali liquor atomization spray gun, the tertiary air is ventilated in a high-temperature oxidation area, the primary air and the secondary air are hot air which enters an air preheater to exchange heat with flue gas to 300 ℃ after an air blower increases the temperature of air from normal temperature to 80 ℃ through a cold air heater, the air volume of the primary air accounts for 55% -65% of the total air volume, and the air volume of the secondary air accounts for 35% -45% of the total air volume.

Furthermore, the air preheater adopts a plate type air preheater, cold air in the preheater circulates from bottom to top, smoke circulates from top to bottom, a medium circulating between plates is the smoke, and a medium circulating in the plate holes is air.

Furthermore, the flue gas discharged from the incinerator is subjected to SNCR denitration and then enters the flue gas treatment unit.

Further, the waste alkali liquor is waste sodium salt liquor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can fully burn the organic waste gas and waste oil generated by the chemical device into the waste sodium saline-alkali solution through the incinerator to generate the byproduct steam and carbonate, thereby generating environmental protection benefit and economic benefit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the system described in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air preheater;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cold air heater;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a diversion trench;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a flue gas inlet, 2 a hot air outlet, 3 a soot blower, 4 a cold air inlet, 5 a flue gas outlet, 6 a rapping device, 7 an air inlet, 8 an air outlet, 9 a hot water outlet, 10 a finned tube, 11 a hot water inlet, 12 a diversion trench, 13 and a check ring.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment discloses a resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil, waste lye, adopts organic waste gas, waste oil, waste sodium lye preprocessing unit, burns unit, heat recovery unit, flue gas processing power supply and crude salt refining unit to constitute a chemical industry organic waste gas, waste oil burn waste sodium lye by-product steam, carbonate's process system to reach the purpose to waste resource utilization.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the overall scheme of the invention is as follows: after passing through the buffer tank, the organic waste gas and waste light oil are conveyed by pipeline in the chemical industry park, and transferred into the gas burner and oil burner of incinerator body by means of alkali pump and oil pump, and the waste sodium alkali liquor is fed into mixed waste liquor storage tank, passed through furnace-entering alkali liquor pump and pump outlet heat exchanger, and the waste alkali liquor heated to above 85 deg.C by using steam is sprayed out by means of atomizing spray gun, and in the chemical industry park the device can be used for heating mixed waste alkali liquor to obtain the invented productAnd the hearth space is subjected to suspension combustion. The burned materials are conveyed to a bin at the bottom of an air preheater along with flue gas, subjected to electric dust removal and collected and recovered by a bag-type dust remover, and conveyed to a crude salt refining system by an embedded scraper conveyor and the like. Larger particles are not ready to burn in the hearth space and fall on the hearth cushion layer to be burnt out, na ₂ CO ₃ After the furnace bottom chute is primarily cooled, the crude salt is recovered in a solid state mode and enters a crude salt refining system for refining after being cooled. The main component of the alkali recovered by refining the crude salt is sodium carbonate, the purity is more than 98 percent, and the sodium carbonate is sent to other devices to be used as raw materials and auxiliary materials. The flue gas enters an electrostatic dust collector through an incinerator evaporating pipe panel heat exchanger and a coal economizer, alkali dust falls into a hopper of the electrostatic dust collector through a rapping device, and the alkali dust is conveyed to an alkali material package by a conveyor. Alkali materials in the incineration evaporation tube screen type heat exchanger and a hopper at the lower part of the economizer are also conveyed to an alkali material packaging bin through a scraper conveyor. And (4) the flue gas after dust removal enters a denitration reactor (SCR), and is discharged after being treated by a desulfurizing tower. The incinerator utilizes the byproduct steam of the incineration of the waste alkali liquor to be sent to a steam pipe network for use.

As can be seen from the above description, the system comprises a pretreatment unit, an incineration unit, a heat energy recovery unit, a flue gas treatment unit and a crude salt refining unit, and the following detailed description is made on each unit with reference to FIG. 1.

1. Pretreatment unit for organic waste gas, waste oil and waste sodium alkali liquor

The pretreatment unit comprises a buffer tank, and pipelines for conveying waste gas, waste oil and waste lye are connected to the incineration unit through the buffer tank. Specifically, organic waste gas, waste oil that the pipe-line transportation comes are behind the buffer tank, carry to boiler body gas burner, fuel burner, and the combustor passes through DCS control, contains high energy ignition, flame-out protection, flame detection, sweeps, diffuses etc. and utilize nitrogen gas to sweep. The pipeline of the fuel gas and fuel oil system is provided with safety facilities such as a quick cut-off valve, a flame arrester and the like.

Different organic waste gases conveyed by the devices are inconsistent in system pressure, and in order to prevent mutual influence among the systems, the pressure reducing valve is arranged on a pipeline of each system entering the buffer tank, so that the pressure of each pipeline system entering the buffer tank is ensured to be the same after being reduced, and 50kpa is conventionally set. An overpressure relief device is arranged in front of each organic waste gas pipeline pressure reducing valve and is relieved to a torch system. Check valves are arranged before all the organic waste gas pipelines enter the buffer tank, so that the overpressure of the system caused by the faults of pressure reducing valves of other pipelines and other reasons is prevented

In this embodiment, the light waste oil pipeline that each device was carried and is come into the waste oil buffer tank, and the waste oil of waste oil buffer tank is carried to two fluid atomizer through the waste oil pump and is sent to burning furnace.

The waste sodium alkali liquor conveyed by each device enters a waste alkali liquor buffer tank, and the waste alkali liquor in the waste alkali liquor buffer tank is heated to 85 ℃ by a waste alkali liquor pump through a waste alkali liquor heater and is conveyed to a hearth for incineration. In this embodiment, the waste lye spray gun is a two-fluid atomization spray gun.

The waste alkali liquor is heated and the steam condensate generated by the incinerator system is utilized to recycle the exhaust steam.

2. Incineration unit

The burning unit comprises a burning furnace, a gas burner, a fuel burner and a waste lye atomizing spray gun are arranged in the burning furnace, waste gas and waste oil are burnt by the gas burner and the fuel burner, the waste lye is heated to more than 85 ℃ and is sprayed to a burning furnace chamber by the waste lye atomizing spray gun, and suspension burning is carried out in the burning furnace chamber.

In this embodiment, the incinerator employs a waste liquid incineration boiler with a single drum and pi-shaped arrangement. The periphery of the hearth consists of membrane type water-cooled walls, the hearth is rectangular, the bottom of the hearth is a high-temperature combustion area, and the middle upper part of the hearth is a high-temperature oxidation area. The water-cooling screen type heat exchanger, the evaporating pipe screen type heat exchanger and the boiler outlet flue are arranged at the outlet of the hearth.

As shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the incinerator is provided with a molten material outlet, the molten material outlet is connected with a diversion trench 12, and the diversion trench 12 is provided with a retaining ring 13. In this embodiment, the thickness of the retainer ring 13 is 50mm, so that a layer of 50mm molten material is always on the guide groove 12, and the temperature of the molten material is higher than the room temperature, so as to prevent the guide groove 12 from suddenly reaching the room temperature, thereby avoiding deformation or cracks caused by large change of the heated temperature.

The boiler outlet is provided with cyclone, carries out preliminary recovery to the sodium carbonate salt dust in the flue gas, reduces to the system smuggleing secretly and reduce system resistance behind.

In the embodiment, the volume of the hearth meets the requirement that hot smoke stays for 6 to 9 seconds.

The waste alkali liquor atomization spray gun is positioned above the gas burner and the fuel burner and is arranged in layers. Specifically, the alkali liquor spray gun is arranged at the upper part in a flame combustion area (combustion area of waste gas and waste oil) at the periphery, and the middle lower part of the hearth ensures that the combustion of the sprayed alkali liquor is always in the flame combustion area, and the combustion temperature is in the range of 1100-1250 ℃.

Heating the alkali liquor to 85 ℃ by an alkali liquor heater, then feeding the alkali liquor into a double-fluid atomization alkali spray gun, controlling the pressure level of the alkali liquor before entering the gun to be 2.2Mpa, spraying concentrated alkali liquor into the furnace from different alkali liquor spray guns for combustion, and arranging the alkali liquor in a layered combustion manner so as to save the use amount of fuel gas.

The fuel uses organic waste gas and waste oil, and the organic waste gas is combusted through a gas combustor. Organic waste gas adopts the formula combustor of mixing in advance, and waste oil combustor adopts the hybrid combustor, and the waste oil spray gun is detachable two fluid spray gun, cools down the combustor rifle head with the air, prevents to burn out the rifle head because of overheated.

The burners are uniformly distributed around the furnace, the heads of the burners are flush with the inner wall of the furnace, and the burners are cooled by air. The used oil uses a fuel oil two-fluid burner. The inlet and pressure of the fuel oil burner are controlled to be 0.35 MPa, so that the fuel oil is fully atomized. Non-gas phase materials such as fuel oil, waste alkali liquor and the like enter the incinerator and then are completely combusted in the hearth, so that the waste alkali liquor caused by incomplete combustion is avoided or is substituted into a rear system.

In this embodiment, the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the first high temperature oxidation zone is 2-3S, the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the second high temperature oxidation zone is 6-9S, the temperature range of the first high temperature oxidation zone is 1250-1150 ℃, and the temperature range of the first high temperature oxidation zone is 1250-750 ℃. The oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the second high-temperature oxidation zone is 6-9S, so that the contained organic matters are ensured to be oxidized into inorganic CO2 at the stage, the condition of generating dioxin is eliminated, and the combustion temperature for generating a large amount of NOx is avoided.

In this embodiment, the combustion air distribution system of the incinerator is divided into three parts, primary air, secondary air and tertiary air. The primary air is ventilated from the bottom of the incinerator, the secondary air is arranged in a two-layer manner above and below the alkali lye atomizing spray gun, the tertiary air is ventilated in the high-temperature oxidation area, and the primary air and the secondary air are hot air which enters the air preheater and exchanges heat with flue gas to 300 ℃ after the air is increased from normal temperature to 80 ℃ by the air feeder through the cold air heater. The heat source of the cold air heater adopts steam condensate generated by a steam blowing device of the incinerator system to recycle the heat source. The cold air heater adopts a finned tube structure, and the condensed fluid flows through a tube pass to heat cold air in a countercurrent way. As shown in fig. 3, the cold air heater includes a finned tube 10, a hot water inlet 7, a hot water outlet 8, an air inlet 9, and an air outlet 10, hot water enters the finned tube 10 from the inlet 9 and exits from the outlet 11, and cold air enters the air inlet 7, exchanges heat with the finned tube, and exits from the air outlet 8.

In this embodiment, the primary air and the secondary air are uniformly distributed around the furnace. The higher wind speed is selected to make the supplied wind strengthen the disturbance in the furnace, so that the combustible in the smoke is fully combusted. The secondary air is arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer of the alkali liquor spray gun, so that sufficient combustion is facilitated.

In the embodiment, the primary air intake accounts for 55-65% of the total air volume, the air temperature is-300 ℃, the secondary air intake accounts for 35-45% of the total air volume, and the air temperature is-300 ℃. 1. The secondary air shares one fan. The secondary air adopts two layers which are arranged at the upper and lower 500mm positions of the waste lye spray gun, so that the waste liquor is in an environment full of sufficient high-temperature air, the rapid and sufficient mixing with waste liquor fuel is facilitated, and the combustion efficiency of the waste liquor spray gun is improved.

In the embodiment, the atomization angle of the alkali liquor spray gun is 90 to 120 degrees, and the adjustable range of the angle of the spray gun is +/-20 degrees.

3. Heat energy recovery system

Adopt high temperature over heater and low temperature over heater to realize heat recovery in this embodiment, high temperature over heater and low temperature over heater set up in burning the burning furnace export for flue gas cooling produces steam.

Specifically, the high-temperature superheater is arranged in a forward-reverse flow mode, saturated steam is introduced into the low-temperature superheater through 10 phi 108X 5 saturated steam connecting pipes on the boiler barrel, enters the high-temperature superheater after being heated, then enters the superheater outlet header, finally enters the desuperheater header and is sent to the outside through the main steam valve.

The low-temperature superheater is arranged in a mixed flow mode, and is arranged in the forward direction and the backward direction in half. The steam is collected and distributed uniformly along the width direction, so that the flow nonuniformity in the header is improved, the phenomenon of local coil overheating caused by steam bias flow is prevented, and the temperature reducer performs water spraying and temperature reduction.

4. Flue gas treatment unit

The flue gas generated in the incinerator is subjected to SNCR denitration, a cyclone dust collector, a quench tower, an air preheater, an economizer, electrostatic dust collection, bag-type dust collector dust collection and SCR denitration treatment in sequence and then is finally discharged by an exhaust funnel.

The top of the incinerator is provided with a flue gas cooler for recovering heat of the discharged high-temperature flue gas. The temperature section for recovering and utilizing the waste heat is 1150-900 ℃.

The flue gas of this system is from passing through SNCR denitration process, burns burning furnace upper portion 900 ℃ temperature section and spouts into the ammonia, carries out the preliminary denitration of SNCR.

The temperature of the flue gas is reduced from 1150 ℃ to 900 ℃, the flue gas is led out from an outlet flue and enters a subsequent cyclone dust collector, dust materials carried by the flue gas are separated and enter a quench tower

The quenching tower cools the flue gas to reduce the temperature of the flue gas from 900 ℃ to 500 ℃.

Utilize centrifuge mother liquor to cool down the flue gas of quench tower, dry mother liquor reduces system's moisture simultaneously.

The air preheater utilizes the flue gas to heat the primary air and the secondary air so as to recover the heat energy of the flue gas, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from 500 ℃ to 280 ℃.

As shown in figure 2, the air preheater adopts a square heat exchange tube, the outer wall of the tube is smooth, and smoke blockage is reduced. Soot blowers 3, namely a sound wave material blowing device and a steam material blowing device, are erected on each layer of the air preheater to clean the accumulated material dust of the air preheater at regular time. Air heater adopts plate air heater, cold air inlet 4 is located the air heater bottom, hot air outlet 2 is located the air heater top, the cold air circulates from bottom to top in the pre-heater, smoke inlet 1 is located the air heater top, exhanst gas outlet 5 is located the air heater bottom, flue gas top-down circulates, flue gas side passageway fully considers high concentration flying dust to the requirement and the circulation speed of passageway deposition, the circulation medium is the flue gas between the boards, the circulation medium is the air in the diaphragm orifice. The bottom of the air preheater is provided with an automatic ash discharge device, namely a rapping device 6.

The economizer heats the feed water of the steam drum of the incinerator by using the 280 ℃ flue gas to recover the heat energy of the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from 280 ℃ to 160 ℃.

The flue gas temperature is reduced to 160 ℃, and then the flue gas enters a three-electric-field electric dust removal device, and dust in the flue gas is subjected to secondary dust removal and then enters a bag-type dust remover. The three-electric-field electric dust removal device is characterized in that a bin at the bottom of the three-electric-field electric dust removal device is provided with a sound wave material blowing device and a vibration device, the inner wall of the three-electric-field electric dust removal device is polished, the outer surface of the three-electric-field electric dust removal device is insulated, and the inner wall of the three-electric-field electric dust removal device is prevented from being stuck with materials, so that the blanking is not smooth.

The dust collected by the three-electric field electrostatic dust collection is mainly sodium carbonate salt and is sent to a sodium carbonate refining system.

The deoxidized water is heated to be converted into saturated steam (194 ℃, 1.27 Mpa), and the saturated steam is further heated to be superheated steam (300 ℃, 2.45 Mpa) through a heater.

One part of the superheated steam is used by systems of the incinerator for steam blowing, heat exchange, waste alkali liquor heating, sodium carbonate refining drying and the like, and the rest of the superheated steam enters a steam pipe network to realize external supply of heat energy.

Hoppers are arranged at the bottoms of flue gas heat exchange and dust removal equipment such as a cyclone dust collector, an air preheater, an economizer, electrostatic dust removal equipment, a bag-type dust remover and the like, and carbonate materials in the flue gas settle to the bottom hoppers after the flow velocity is reduced when the carbonate materials pass through the equipment.

The hopper is provided with the jolting device, so that the unsmooth blanking caused by accumulation of materials in the hopper is prevented.

The discharge pipe of the hopper is provided with a rotary air lock to ensure the sealing of the flue gas and the sodium carbonate material, the lower material receiving box is naturally cooled, and the material slag is sent to a sodium carbonate refining system.

And (3) enabling the flue gas dedusted by the bag-type dust remover to enter an SCR denitration reactor for denitration, wherein the temperature of the flue gas entering the denitration reactor is about 160 ℃.

The denitration adopts board-like denitration catalyst, installs the soot blower on the denitration catalyst, reduces the system and blocks up.

5. Crude salt refining system

The method comprises the steps of collecting sodium carbonate crude salt at the bottom of an incinerator, performing electrostatic dust collection by using a three-electric field and a bag-type dust collector, wherein the sodium carbonate component is about 95 percent, contains a small amount of burnt slag and fly ash substances, and needs to be further purified through a salt refining link.

The crude salt refining mainly comprises the steps of stirring and dissolving, precise filtering and multi-effect evaporation processes for refining crude salt generated by burning and discharging by a centrifugal machine, wherein the refined purity is over 98 percent and reaches the industrial grade product standard.

The crude salt is dissolved by adopting 90 ℃ steam of a steam soot blower to drain water and dissolving in a dissolving tank with paddle stirring, so that the dissolving effect is improved. Controlling the specific gravity of the dissolved liquid to be 1.45, and then feeding the dissolved liquid into an evaporation device to produce salt, and feeding the salt into a double-stage pusher centrifuge.

Mother liquor generated by the double-stage pusher centrifuge flows back to the dissolving tank and the quench tower, so that waste liquid discharge is reduced, and the amount of condensate for dissolving is reduced. The water generated by the mother liquor is evaporated out of the system by using a quench tower, so that the accumulation of water in the system is reduced

The refined sodium carbonate produced by the double-stage pusher centrifuge is used by downstream devices.

In this example, the chemical industry park was equipped with 15m of waste lye transported by the pipeline ³ H, organic waste gas 5000m ³ H, waste light oil 2m ³ After passing through the buffer tank, the mixture is conveyed to a gas burner and an oil burner of the incinerator through an alkali pump and an oil pump, and then is sprayed into the incinerator through the burner to be used as fuel for combustion. The waste sodium alkali liquor is fed into the mixed waste liquor storage tank, passes through the liquor feeding pump, passes through the pump outlet heat exchanger, and is heated to above 85 deg.C by steam, and is sprayed out by atomizing spray gun, and is subjected to suspension combustion in the furnace space. The burned material is delivered to a bin at the bottom of an air preheater along with the flue gas, is collected and recovered by an electric dust remover and a bag-type dust remover, and is delivered to a refining system through an embedded scraper conveyor and the like. Larger particles are not ready to burn in the hearth space and fall on the hearth cushion layer to be burnt out, na ₂ CO ₃ After the furnace bottom chute is primarily cooled, the furnace bottom chute is recovered in a solid state mode and enters a refining system for refining after being cooled. The main component of the refined and recovered alkali is sodium carbonate, the purity of the sodium carbonate is over 98 percent, and the sodium carbonate is sent to other devices to be used as raw materials and auxiliary materials. The flue gas enters an electrostatic dust collector through an incinerator evaporating pipe panel heat exchanger, an air preheater and an economizer, the alkali dust falls into a hopper of the electrostatic dust collector through a rapping device, and the alkali dust is conveyed to an alkali material package by a conveyor. Alkali materials in the incineration evaporation tube screen type heat exchanger and a hopper at the lower part of the economizer are also conveyed to an alkali material packaging bin through a scraper conveyor. And (4) the flue gas after dust removal enters a denitration reactor (SCR), and is discharged after being treated by a desulfurizing tower. The incinerator utilizes the byproduct steam of the incineration of the waste alkali liquor to be sent to a steam pipe network for use.

The experiment shows that the invention can carry out resource treatment on the alkaline waste liquid and the organic waste gas generated by the chemical device, and by-product sodium carbonate and steam heat energy, thereby realizing resource utilization.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive faculty, based on the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil, waste lye which characterized in that: the device comprises a pretreatment unit, an incineration unit, a heat energy recovery unit, a flue gas treatment unit and a crude salt refining unit, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises a buffer tank, the incineration unit comprises an incinerator, a pipeline for conveying waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor is connected to the incinerator through the buffer tank, a gas burner, a fuel burner and a waste alkali liquor atomizing spray gun are arranged in the incinerator, the waste gas and the waste oil are combusted through the gas burner and the fuel burner, the waste alkali liquor is heated to more than 85 ℃ and is sprayed to an incineration furnace chamber through the waste alkali liquor atomizing spray gun, and suspension combustion is carried out in the incineration furnace chamber; the outlet of the incinerator is provided with a high-temperature superheater, a low-temperature superheater, a water-cooling screen type heat exchanger and an evaporating pipe screen type heat exchanger, and the high-temperature superheater and the low-temperature superheater form a heat energy recovery unit for recovering combustion heat energy; the flue gas treatment unit comprises a quench tower, an air preheater, an economizer, an electric dust remover, a bag-type dust remover, a denitration reactor and a chimney which are connected in sequence, and the flue gas cooled by the water-cooling screen type heat exchanger and the evaporating tube screen type heat exchanger is discharged through the flue gas treatment unit; the crude salt refining unit comprises a stirring dissolver, a filter and an evaporator which are connected in sequence, and sodium carbonate crude salt collected by incinerator furnace bottom salt, electrostatic dust collection and bag-type dust collector is refined by the crude salt refining unit.

2. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste lye as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a pressure reducing valve, an overpressure relief device and a check valve are arranged on the waste gas conveying pipeline in front of the buffer tank.

3. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the waste oil of the waste oil buffer tank is conveyed to a double-fluid atomizing nozzle through a waste oil pump, and the double-fluid atomizing nozzle is connected with the fuel burner.

4. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste lye as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the incinerator is composed of membrane type water-cooled walls, the bottom of the hearth is a high-temperature combustion area, and the middle upper part of the hearth is a high-temperature oxidation area; the waste alkali liquor atomization spray gun is positioned above the gas burner and the fuel burner and is arranged in layers.

5. The system for recycling waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 2-3S, the oxidation residence time of the waste alkali liquor in the second high-temperature oxidation zone is 6-9S, the temperature range of the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 1250-1150 ℃, and the temperature range of the first high-temperature oxidation zone is 1250-750 ℃.

6. The system for recycling waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the incinerator is provided with a molten material outlet which is connected with a diversion trench, and the diversion trench is provided with a check ring.

7. The system for recycling waste gas, waste oil and waste alkali liquor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the air distribution system for combustion of the incinerator comprises primary air, secondary air and tertiary air, wherein the primary air is ventilated from the bottom of the incinerator, the secondary air is arranged on a waste alkali liquor atomization spray gun in an upper-lower double-layer mode, the tertiary air is ventilated in a high-temperature oxidation area, the primary air and the secondary air are hot air which enters an air preheater and exchanges heat with flue gas to 300 ℃ after an air blower increases the temperature of the air from normal temperature to 80 ℃ through a cold air heater, the air volume of the primary air accounts for 55% -65% of the total air volume, and the air volume of the secondary air accounts for 35% -45% of the total air volume.

8. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste lye as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air preheater adopts plate air preheater, and cold air circulates from bottom to top in the preheater, and the flue gas top-down circulates, and the circulation medium is the flue gas between the board, and the circulation medium is the air in the diaphragm orifice.

9. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste lye as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flue gas discharged from the incinerator is subjected to SNCR denitration and then enters the flue gas treatment unit.

10. The resource utilization system of waste gas, waste oil and waste lye as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waste alkali liquor is waste sodium salt liquor.

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