CN115160711A - 一种空调用pvc再生聚氯乙烯塑料及检验方法 - Google Patents
一种空调用pvc再生聚氯乙烯塑料及检验方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料及检验方法,PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料包括有PVC塑料基材,PVC塑料基材的外表面包裹有编织碳纤维层和阻燃耐热层,编织碳纤维层与阻燃耐热层交替贴合在PVC塑料基材的外表面,所述PVC塑料基材内部镶嵌有若干根与PVC塑料基材等厚的阻尼减振条。本发明通过在改性PVC再生塑料表面增加编织碳纤维层,大大增强了常规PVC再生塑料刚强度和各种材料耐性,在编制碳纤维层的外表面涂覆阻燃耐热材料,能够适应各种高温高热环境,整体上提升了PVC再生材料的复合性功能,在常规PVC塑料内部通过石墨烯改性有机超短纤维来提升PVC基材本身的性能,能够显著提高PVC基材拉伸强度、延伸率以及柔韧性,从内而外地提质增效进而改进整个塑料性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC再生塑料制造技术领域,具体涉及一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料及检验方法。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(Polyvinyl chloride),英文简称PVC,是氯乙烯单体(VCM)在过氧化物、偶氮化合物等引发剂或在光、热作用下按自由基聚合反应机理聚合而成的聚合物。氯乙烯均聚物和氯乙烯共聚物统称之为氯乙烯树脂。PVC曾是世界上产量最大的通用塑料,应用非常广泛。在建筑材料、工业制品、日用品、地板革、地板砖、人造革、管材、电线电缆、包装膜、瓶、发泡材料、密封材料、纤维等方面均有广泛应用。
现有的废旧PVC塑料的再生加工大多需要多种工序,但现有的工序中的设备大多分开,导致加工时需要将物料运送到不同地方进行加工,耽误加工时间和进度,加工过程中产生的废气导致加工环境较差,同时现有的废旧PVC塑料再生后性能较差,现设计一种利用废旧PVC塑料再生高性能再生PVC塑料的方法来解决目前所遇到的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述的技术问题,提供一种从内而外实现多层次改性和增强的高刚强度、高拉伸性、高延伸率、耐热耐火耐高温的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料及检验方法。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,包括有PVC塑料基材,PVC塑料基材的外表面包裹有编织碳纤维层和阻燃耐热层,编织碳纤维层与阻燃耐热层交替贴合在PVC塑料基材的外表面,PVC塑料基材内部镶嵌有若干根与PVC塑料基材等厚的阻尼减振条。
优选的,PVC塑料基材包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再生聚氯乙烯塑料40-55%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑超短纤维5-15%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺超短纤维5-10%,铝合金超短纤维5-10%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2-5%,有机稀土2-3%,氧化石墨烯2.5-10%,膨胀石墨纳米粉1.5-8%,CaO·FeO(OH)·TiO22-4.5%,柠檬酸三正丁酯1-2.5%,马来酸二正辛基锡1-2.5%,乙氧基化烷基胺1-2.5%,草酸铝1-5%,填料10-25%。
优选的,填料为纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30-45%、陶瓷纤维微粉30-45%、锆复合硅微粉10-15%、红蛭石微粉10-15%和冰晶石微粉5-15%。
优选的,铝合金超短纤维中各元素组成的质量百分比为:纳米Si 0.3%-1.2%、Mn0.3%-0.6%、Mo 0.05%-0.10%、Nd 0.03%-0.09%、V 0.05%-0.09%、Sc 0.02%-0.03%、La 0.03%-0.07%、Cu 0.4%-0.9%、Zn 0.2%-0.5%、Cr 0.3%-0.6%、Fe0.5%-1.5%、Ru 0.02%-0.05%、石墨烯和碳纳米管的混合物1.5%-3.0%,铝合金孕育剂0.2%-0.6%,Ti 15.0%-30.0%、余量为Al。
优选的,编织碳纤维层为稀土改性聚酰亚胺编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚2,2’-间苯撑-5,5’-二苯并咪唑编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺编织碳纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯编织碳纤维中的一种。
优选的,阻燃耐热层包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:碳纤维增强酚醛树脂微粉20-35%,碳纤维增强聚四氟乙烯微粉10-25%,陶瓷纤维微粉20-45%,稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶20-45%。
优选的,减振阻尼条包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再回收丁基橡胶30-55%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑短纤维5-15%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺短纤维5-10%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2-5%,有机稀土2-3%,氧化石墨烯2.5-10%,硬脂酸锌1-2.5%,纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30-45%。
一种如上所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的检验方法,具体包括有以下步骤:
S1.公差尺寸检验:将制备得到的PVC塑料基材用钢卷尺按图纸进行测量长度、宽度测量,用千分尺进行厚度测量,合格则进行下一步;
S2.外观检验:将步骤1检验合格的PVC塑料基材在自然光线下进行目测,检验其外观是否有缺陷,合格则进行下一步;
S3.硬度检验:将步骤2检验合格的PVC塑料基材放置在一个硬的、坚固稳定的水平平面上,握住硬度计,使硬度计垂直压针顶端距离PVC塑料基材的任一边缘至少9mm,将硬度计压座无冲击地加在PVC塑料基材上,使压座平行于PVC塑料基材并施加足够的压力,15±1s读取硬度值,并连续间隔至少6mm测量五个硬度值,取硬度平均值,合格则进行下一步;
S4.密度检验:将步骤3合格的PVC塑料基材取部分先测出其质量为m1,用吊钩将其吊入水中,但不坠落到烧杯底部,测出此时PVC塑料基材的质量为m2,再将钓钩单独悬放入水中,称出此时的质量为m3,并按下式进行测量得到其密度,合格则进行下一步:
式中:
ρ—PVC塑料基材的密度,g/cm3;
ρ0—水的密度,g/cm3;
m1—PVC塑料基材在空气中的质量,g;
m2—钓钩和PVC塑料基材在水中的总质量,g;
m3—钓钩在水中的质量,g;
S5.拉伸强度、延伸率检验:将步骤4检验合格的PVC塑料基材于拉伸应力试验机中,将PVC塑料基材沿主轴方向恒速拉伸,直到PVC塑料基材断裂或其应力(负荷)或应变(伸长)达到某一预定值,测量在这一过程中PVC塑料基材承受的负荷及其伸长,按照下式进行计算拉伸强度、延伸率,合格则进行下一步;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材拉伸试验过程中受到的应力,MPa;
—PVC塑料基材拉伸试验过程中施加的对应负荷,N;
—PVC塑料基材原始横截面积,mm2;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材的拉伸强度;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材拉伸试验过程中受到的应变,%;
—PVC塑料基材的标距,mm;
—PVC塑料基材的标距长度的增量,mm;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材的延伸率;
S6.断裂强度检验:取100mm×100mm×厚度的PVC塑料基材,在温度23℃±2℃、湿度为50%±10%的环境下,沿同一对折线往复90°对折2次后,观察其折痕的状态,合格则进行下一步;
S7.加热尺寸变化、加热外观变化检验:取三片100mm×100mm的PVC塑料基材作为式样,分别测量其长、宽尺寸,然后将其放入100℃±2℃的恒温鼓风烘箱内6h,取出放在常温下1h后测量长、宽尺寸,并分别计算:
长度、宽度分别取三个试样的算术平均值,目测干燥后的试样有无龟裂现象,PVC塑料基材检验合格后将其打孔插入减振阻尼条,再在表面编织得到编织碳纤维层后接着涂附阻燃耐热层,验整体外观无异常即可得到检验合格的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料。
本发明的有益效果:本发明通过在改性PVC再生塑料表面增加编织碳纤维层,大大增强了常规PVC再生塑料刚强度和各种材料耐性,在编制碳纤维层的外表面涂覆阻燃耐热材料,能够适应各种高温高热环境,整体上提升了PVC再生材料的复合性功能,在常规PVC塑料内部通过石墨烯改性有机超短纤维来提升PVC基材本身的性能,能够显著提高PVC基材拉伸强度、延伸率以及柔韧性,从内而外地提质增效进而改进整个PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的性能,使其具有优良的多种功能,满足不同市场需求而发挥优良市场价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明的PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的剖面结构示意图。
图中:1、PVC塑料基材;2、编织碳纤维层;3、阻燃耐热层;4、阻尼减振条。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参照图1所示,一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,包括有PVC塑料基材1,PVC塑料基材1的外表面包裹有编织碳纤维层2和阻燃耐热层3,编织碳纤维层2与阻燃耐热层3交替贴合在PVC塑料基材1的外表面,所述PVC塑料基材1内部镶嵌有若干根与PVC塑料基材1等厚的阻尼减振条4。
请参照图1所示,一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,PVC塑料基材1包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再生聚氯乙烯塑料55%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑超短纤维5%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺超短纤维5%,铝合金超短纤维5%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2%,有机稀土2%,氧化石墨烯2.5%,膨胀石墨纳米粉1.5%,CaO·FeO(OH)·TiO22%,柠檬酸三正丁酯1%,马来酸二正辛基锡1%,乙氧基化烷基胺1%,草酸铝1%,填料16%。
进一步地,填料为纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶45%、陶瓷纤维微粉30%、锆复合硅微粉10%、红蛭石微粉10%和冰晶石微粉5%。
进一步地,铝合金超短纤维中各元素组成的质量百分比为:纳米Si 0.3%、Mn0.3%、Mo 0.05%、Nd 0.03%、V 0.05%、Sc 0.02%、La 0.03%、Cu 0.4%、Zn 0.2%、Cr0.3%、Fe 0.5%、Ru 0.02%、石墨烯和碳纳米管的混合物1.5%,铝合金孕育剂0.2%,Ti15.0%、余量为Al。
请参照图1所示,一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,编织碳纤维层2为稀土改性聚酰亚胺编织碳纤维。
请参照图1所示,一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,阻燃耐热层3包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:碳纤维增强酚醛树脂微粉35%,碳纤维增强聚四氟乙烯微粉25%,陶瓷纤维微粉20%,稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶20%。
请参照图1所示,一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,减振阻尼条4包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再回收丁基橡胶43%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑短纤维5%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺短纤维5%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2%,有机稀土3%,氧化石墨烯10%,硬脂酸锌2%,纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30%。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于:
PVC塑料基材1包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再生聚氯乙烯塑料46%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑超短纤维15%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺超短纤维10%,铝合金超短纤维5%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2%,有机稀土2%,氧化石墨烯2.5%,膨胀石墨纳米粉1.5%,CaO·FeO(OH)·TiO22%,柠檬酸三正丁酯1%,马来酸二正辛基锡1%,乙氧基化烷基胺1%,草酸铝1%,填料10%。
填料为纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30%、陶瓷纤维微粉45%、锆复合硅微粉10%、红蛭石微粉10%和冰晶石微粉5%。
铝合金超短纤维中各元素组成的质量百分比为:纳米Si 1.2%、Mn 0.6%、Mo0.10%、Nd 0.09%、V 0.09%、Sc 0.03%、La 0.07%、Cu 0.9%、Zn 0.5%、Cr 0.6%、Fe1.5%、Ru 0.05%、石墨烯和碳纳米管的混合物1.5%,铝合金孕育剂0.2%,Ti 15.0%、余量为Al。
编织碳纤维层2为稀土改性聚2,2’-间苯撑-5,5’-二苯并咪唑编织碳纤维。
阻燃耐热层3包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:碳纤维增强酚醛树脂微粉30%,碳纤维增强聚四氟乙烯微粉20%,陶瓷纤维微粉20%,稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30%。
减振阻尼条4包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再回收丁基橡胶38%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑短纤维10%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺短纤维10%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺5%,有机稀土2%,氧化石墨烯2.5%,硬脂酸锌2.5%,纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30%。
一种基于上述实施例的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的检验方法,具体包括有以下步骤:
S1.公差尺寸检验:将制备得到的PVC塑料基材1用钢卷尺按图纸进行测量长度、宽度测量,用千分尺进行厚度测量,合格则进行下一步;
S2.外观检验:将步骤1检验合格的PVC塑料基材1在自然光线下进行目测,检验其外观是否有缺陷,合格则进行下一步;
S3.硬度检验:将步骤2检验合格的PVC塑料基材1放置在一个硬的、坚固稳定的水平平面上,握住硬度计,使硬度计垂直压针顶端距离PVC塑料基材1的任一边缘至少9mm,将硬度计压座无冲击地加在PVC塑料基材1上,使压座平行于PVC塑料基材1并施加足够的压力,15±1s读取硬度值,并连续间隔至少6mm测量五个硬度值,取硬度平均值,合格则进行下一步;
S4.密度检验:将步骤3合格的PVC塑料基材1取部分先测出其质量为m1,用吊钩将其吊入水中,但不坠落到烧杯底部,测出此时PVC塑料基材1的质量为m2,再将钓钩单独悬放入水中,称出此时的质量为m3,并按下式进行测量得到其密度,合格则进行下一步:
式中:
ρ—PVC塑料基材1的密度,g/cm3;
ρ0—水的密度,g/cm3;
m1—PVC塑料基材1在空气中的质量,g;
m2—钓钩和PVC塑料基材1在水中的总质量,g;
m3—钓钩在水中的质量,g;
S5.拉伸强度、延伸率检验:将步骤4检验合格的PVC塑料基材1于拉伸应力试验机中,将PVC塑料基材1沿主轴方向恒速拉伸,直到PVC塑料基材1断裂或其应力(负荷)或应变(伸长)达到某一预定值,测量在这一过程中PVC塑料基材1承受的负荷及其伸长,按照下式进行计算拉伸强度、延伸率,合格则进行下一步;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材1拉伸试验过程中受到的应力,MPa;
—PVC塑料基材1拉伸试验过程中施加的对应负荷,N;
—PVC塑料基材1原始横截面积,mm2;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材1的拉伸强度;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材1拉伸试验过程中受到的应变,%;
—PVC塑料基材1的标距,mm;
—PVC塑料基材1的标距长度的增量,mm;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材1的延伸率;
S6.断裂强度检验:取100mm×100mm×厚度的PVC塑料基材1,在温度23℃±2℃、湿度为50%±10%的环境下,沿同一对折线往复90°对折2次后,观察其折痕的状态,合格则进行下一步;
S7.加热尺寸变化、加热外观变化检验:取三片100mm×100mm的PVC塑料基材1作为式样,分别测量其长、宽尺寸,然后将其放入100℃±2℃的恒温鼓风烘箱内6h,取出放在常温下1h后测量长、宽尺寸,并分别计算:
长度、宽度分别取三个试样的算术平均值,目测干燥后的试样有无龟裂现象,PVC塑料基材1检验合格后将其打孔插入减振阻尼条4,再在表面编织得到编织碳纤维层2后接着涂附阻燃耐热层3,检验整体外观无异常即可得到检验合格的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料。
说明:检验方法中每个步骤所使用的PVC塑料基材1都是不曾进行过实验的新的完好的材料,每个步骤中的PVC塑料基材1相互独立。
其中,PVC塑料基材1的公差尺寸要求见表1。
表1尺寸及其公差
其中,外观要求两面整洁,无杂质,无破损,片材黑色,无气泡、孔洞,切面平整。
其中,PVC塑料基材1的各项性能要求见表2。
表2性能要求
在本发明中,本发明通过在改性PVC再生塑料表面增加编织碳纤维层,大大增强了常规PVC再生塑料刚强度和各种材料耐性,在编制碳纤维层的外表面涂覆阻燃耐热材料,能够适应各种高温高热环境,整体上提升了PVC再生材料的复合性功能,在常规PVC塑料内部通过石墨烯改性有机超短纤维来提升PVC基材本身的性能,能够显著提高PVC基材拉伸强度、延伸率以及柔韧性,从内而外地提质增效进而改进整个PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的性能,使其具有优良的多种功能,满足不同市场需求而发挥优良市场价值。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (7)
1.一种空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,包括有PVC塑料基材(1),PVC塑料基材(1)的外表面包裹有编织碳纤维层(2)和阻燃耐热层(3),所述编织碳纤维层(2)与阻燃耐热层(3)交替贴合在PVC塑料基材(1)的外表面,所述PVC塑料基材(1)内部镶嵌有若干根与PVC塑料基材(1)等厚的阻尼减振条(4);
所述PVC塑料基材(1)包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再生聚氯乙烯塑料40-55%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑超短纤维5-15%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺超短纤维5-10%,铝合金超短纤维5-10%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2-5%,有机稀土2-3%,氧化石墨烯2.5-10%,膨胀石墨纳米粉1.5-8%,CaO·FeO(OH)·TiO22-4.5%,柠檬酸三正丁酯1-2.5%,马来酸二正辛基锡1-2.5%,乙氧基化烷基胺1-2.5%,草酸铝1-5%,填料10-25%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,所述填料为纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30-45%、陶瓷纤维微粉30-45%、锆复合硅微粉10-15%、红蛭石微粉10-15%和冰晶石微粉5-15%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,所述铝合金超短纤维中各元素组成的质量百分比为:纳米Si0.3%-1.2%、Mn0.3%-0.6%、Mo0.05%-0.10%、Nd0.03%-0.09%、V0.05%-0.09%、Sc0.02%-0.03%、La0.03%-0.07%、Cu0.4%-0.9%、Zn0.2%-0.5%、Cr0.3%-0.6%、Fe0.5%-1.5%、Ru0.02%-0.05%、石墨烯和碳纳米管的混合物1.5%-3.0%,铝合金孕育剂0.2%-0.6%,Ti15.0%-30.0%、余量为Al。
4.根据权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,所述编织碳纤维层(2)为稀土改性聚酰亚胺编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚2,2’-间苯撑-5,5’-二苯并咪唑编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺编织碳纤维、稀土改性聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺编织碳纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯编织碳纤维中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,所述阻燃耐热层(3)包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:碳纤维增强酚醛树脂微粉20-35%,碳纤维增强聚四氟乙烯微粉10-25%,陶瓷纤维微粉20-45%,稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶20-45%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料,其特征在于,所述减振阻尼条(4)包括有以下百分含量的组成成分:再回收丁基橡胶30-55%,石墨烯改性聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑短纤维5-15%,石墨烯改性聚酰亚胺短纤维5-10%,4,4'-双(2,2-二甲基苄基)二苯胺2-5%,有机稀土2-3%,氧化石墨烯2.5-10%,硬脂酸锌1-2.5%,纳米稀土改性多孔二氧化硅气凝胶30-45%。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料的检验方法,其特征在于,具体包括有以下步骤:
S1.公差尺寸检验:将制备得到的PVC塑料基材(1)用钢卷尺按图纸进行测量长度、宽度测量,用千分尺进行厚度测量,合格则进行下一步;
S2.外观检验:将步骤1检验合格的PVC塑料基材(1)在自然光线下进行目测,检验其外观是否有缺陷,合格则进行下一步;
S3.硬度检验:将步骤2检验合格的PVC塑料基材(1)放置在一个硬的、坚固稳定的水平平面上,握住硬度计,使硬度计垂直压针顶端距离PVC塑料基材(1)的任一边缘至少9mm,将硬度计压座无冲击地加在PVC塑料基材(1)上,使压座平行于PVC塑料基材(1)并施加足够的压力,15±1s读取硬度值,并连续间隔至少6mm测量五个硬度值,取硬度平均值,合格则进行下一步;
S4.密度检验:将步骤3合格的PVC塑料基材(1)取部分先测出其质量为m1,用吊钩将其吊入水中,但不坠落到烧杯底部,测出此时PVC塑料基材(1)的质量为m2,再将钓钩单独悬放入水中,称出此时的质量为m3,并按下式进行测量得到其密度,合格则进行下一步:
式中:
ρ—PVC塑料基材(1)的密度,g/cm3;
ρ0—水的密度,g/cm3;
m1—PVC塑料基材(1)在空气中的质量,g;
m2—钓钩和PVC塑料基材(1)在水中的总质量,g;
m3—钓钩在水中的质量,g;
S5.拉伸强度、延伸率检验:将步骤4检验合格的PVC塑料基材(1)于拉伸应力试验机中,将PVC塑料基材(1)沿主轴方向恒速拉伸,直到PVC塑料基材(1)断裂或其应力(负荷)或应变(伸长)达到某一预定值,测量在这一过程中PVC塑料基材(1)承受的负荷及其伸长,按照下式进行计算拉伸强度、延伸率,合格则进行下一步;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材(1)拉伸试验过程中受到的应力,MPa;
—PVC塑料基材(1)拉伸试验过程中施加的对应负荷,N;
—PVC塑料基材(1)原始横截面积,mm2;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材(1)的拉伸强度;
式中:
—PVC塑料基材(1)拉伸试验过程中受到的应变,%;
—PVC塑料基材(1)的标距,mm;
—PVC塑料基材(1)的标距长度的增量,mm;
当拉伸试验过程中,观察到最大初始应力,则为PVC塑料基材(1)的延伸率;
S6.断裂强度检验:取100mm×100mm×厚度的PVC塑料基材(1),在温度23℃±2℃、湿度为50%±10%的环境下,沿同一对折线往复90°对折2次后,观察其折痕的状态,合格则进行下一步;
S7.加热尺寸变化、加热外观变化检验:取三片100mm×100mm的PVC塑料基材(1)作为式样,分别测量其长、宽尺寸,然后将其放入100℃±2℃的恒温鼓风烘箱内6h,取出放在常温下1h后测量长、宽尺寸,并分别计算:
长度、宽度分别取三个试样的算术平均值,目测干燥后的试样有无龟裂现象,PVC塑料基材(1)检验合格后将其打孔插入减振阻尼条(4),再在表面编织得到编织碳纤维层(2)后接着涂附阻燃耐热层(3),检验整体外观无异常即可得到检验合格的空调用PVC再生聚氯乙烯塑料。
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