CN115160092A - Metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160092A CN115160092A CN202210909893.6A CN202210909893A CN115160092A CN 115160092 A CN115160092 A CN 115160092A CN 202210909893 A CN202210909893 A CN 202210909893A CN 115160092 A CN115160092 A CN 115160092A
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical group [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N [(2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- -1 sorbitan fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/12—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds
- C06B33/14—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
Abstract
The invention discloses a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the components of the metalized emulsion explosive comprise a matrix explosive and the boron-magnesium mixed powder, the matrix explosive is an industrial pasty emulsion explosive, and the metalized high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder; the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder. The formula of the industrial paste emulsion explosive is the same as that of the conventional common emulsion explosive, the boron-magnesium mixed powder is prepared by adopting industrial magnesium powder and boron powder in a powder mixer by using a dry mixing method, and the preparation method of the boron-magnesium containing mixed powder metalized high-energy emulsion explosive is the same as that of the prior art in which a physical sensitizer glass microsphere is added. The added boron-magnesium mixed powder improves the density of the emulsion explosive, and participates in detonation reaction and secondary post-combustion reaction with reaction products in sequence, thereby improving the work capacity and output energy of the emulsion explosive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosive preparation, in particular to a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Emulsion explosives are the explosive variety with the largest use amount in civil industrial explosives, and generally refer to emulsion explosives which are prepared by emulsion technology and enable microdroplets of oxidant salt aqueous solution to be uniformly dispersed in an oil phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed bubbles or hollow glass beads and the like to form water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion-shaped water-containing industrial explosives. Because of having excellent water-resistant, environmental protection, explosion and storage performance, the coating is widely applied. The components mainly comprise an oxidant aqueous solution (prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate, sodium sulfate and the like in water and commonly called as a water phase), an oil phase material (composite wax and the like and commonly called as an oil phase), an emulsifier and a sensitizer (comprising a physical sensitizer and a chemical sensitizer and playing a role in sensitization). Although the traditional emulsion explosive has excellent working capacity and the brisance of the traditional emulsion explosive is even higher than that of TNT, the density of the traditional emulsion explosive is low, and the indexes of explosion shock wave peak value, impulse, energy and the like of the traditional emulsion explosive are small as shown in an underwater explosion experiment. This indicates that the emulsion explosive is slightly insufficient in work capacity and output energy, and improvements in this respect are required.
The metallization of the explosive is an effective method for improving the work doing capability of the explosive, and the preparation of the metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is a novel method for effectively improving the density, the explosion power and the explosion energy of the explosive. The metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is characterized in that one or more high-energy combustible metal powders (aluminum powder, boron powder, magnesium powder, titanium powder and the like) are added into the traditional emulsion explosive, a uniform mixing system is formed by mixing and stirring, and the high-energy metal powders are uniformly dispersed in the emulsion explosive system, participate in detonation reaction and secondary reaction with reaction products and release a large amount of energy. Among various fuels which can be used in the field of explosives and powders, aluminum (the combustion heat is 31.0 MJ/kg), boron (the combustion heat is 58.6 MJ/kg), magnesium (the combustion heat is 25.1 MJ/kg) and titanium (the combustion heat is 19.7 MJ/kg) have the advantages of high mass heat value, high volume heat value, non-toxic raw materials, non-toxic combustion products, wide sources and the like. Research shows that the magnesium-boron mixed powder is applied to military explosives (RDX and HMX), can participate in detonation wavefront reaction and secondary reaction with reaction products in a small amount, and can remarkably improve the density, work-doing capability and output energy of the explosives.
Theoretically, the boron (B) was analyzed for its mass and volume heats of combustion (58.9 kJ/g and 137.8 kJ/cm) 3 ) The combustion heats of aluminum (Al) were 31.3kJ/g and 84.5kJ/cm in mass and volume, respectively 3 ) 1.9 and 1.6 times of the total weight of the fuel, which belongs to the high-combustion heat metal fuel with great attention. The boron powder has high combustion heat value, does not have active aluminum powder at normal temperature, and does not react with moisture in the air, which is very favorable for the safety and long-term storage of the boron-containing explosive. Due to the heterogeneous combustion of the surface of the boron particles and the sticky oxide layer (B) 2 O 3 ) Build up on the surface due to B 2 O 3 The higher boiling point (melting point of 460 ℃ C., boiling point of 1860 ℃ C.) prevents the boron powder from mixing with the oxidizing agent, which results in low combustion efficiency. The prior literature shows that: the independent addition of boron powder cannot effectively improve the work capacity and the output of explosion energy. Research literature at home and abroad also shows that: a boron-magnesium mixed powder system with a certain proportion is added into military explosives such as RDX (hexogen), HMX (HMX) and the like, so that the explosive density and total explosion energy output can be correspondingly improved. This is because the melting point (651 ℃) and the boiling point (1107 ℃) of the magnesium powder are both low during the detonation process of the explosive,firstly, the magnesium powder is easy to gasify and oxidize, the oxygen consumption is low, the oxidation heat value is high, a high-temperature environment and residual oxygen are provided for the oxidation of the boron powder, then the boron powder starts to carry out a combustion reaction in the high-temperature environment, and the environmental temperature exceeds the oxidation product B 2 O 3 Boiling point (1860 ℃), such that B 2 O 3 The oxidizing layer constantly evaporates, reduces the degree of difficulty that boron powder takes place oxidation reaction, and inside boron particle lasts the burning, has improved boron powder's combustion efficiency and duration at last, and boron powder effectively releases the heat and has improved the total energy release of detonation reaction.
At present, no report of using a boron-magnesium mixed powder system in the emulsion explosive is found, the preparation of the boron-magnesium metallized high-energy emulsion explosive has remarkable advantages for improving the density, the work capacity and the explosion energy of the emulsion explosive, the application field and the range of the emulsion explosive are greatly widened, and the emulsion explosive can be used as the main explosive of some special elastomers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof; the metalized emulsion explosive adopts the traditional emulsion explosive as a matrix explosive, boron-magnesium mixed powder which is uniformly mixed in a certain proportion is added into the matrix explosive, and the boron-magnesium mixed powder is uniformly dispersed in an emulsion explosive system after being fully stirred and mixed. The boron-magnesium mixed powder is added into the emulsion explosive, so that the density of the emulsion explosive is improved firstly, the boron-magnesium mixed powder participates in detonation wave front reaction and carries out secondary reaction with reaction products, the magnesium powder participates in the reaction firstly, a high-temperature environment is created for the boron powder participating in the reaction later, the reaction products of the magnesium powder can be gasified at high temperature, an oxidation layer of the boron powder can be removed, the combustion efficiency and the duration time of the boron powder are improved, and the working capacity and the energy output of the emulsion explosive are improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, the metalized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive. For example, the metalized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: the base explosive 65.00wt%, 66wt%, 67wt%, 68wt%, 69wt%, 70wt%, 71wt%, 72wt%, 73wt%, 74wt%, 75wt%, 76wt%, 77wt%, 78wt%, 79wt%, 80wt%, 81wt%, 82wt%, 83wt%, 84wt%, 85wt%, 86wt%, 87wt%, 88wt%, 89wt%, 90wt%, 91wt%, 92wt%, 93wt%, 94wt%, 95wt%, 96wt%, 97wt%, or 98.00wt%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the metalized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder. For example, the metalized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: 2.00wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%, 11 wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%, 26wt%, 27wt%, 28wt%, 29wt%, 30wt%, 31wt%, 32wt%, 33wt%, 34wt%, or 35.00wt% of the boron-magnesium mixed powder.
Further, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
Further, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage, based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder. For example, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00, 35, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, or 70.00wt% of boron powder.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage, based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder. For example, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00, 35, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, or 70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the boron and magnesium containing mixed powder metalized emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a matrix explosive;
(2) Preparing boron-magnesium mixed powder;
(3) And adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into a matrix explosive, and stirring to obtain the boron-magnesium containing mixed powder metalized emulsion explosive.
Further, in the step (1), the preparation of the matrix explosive comprises the following steps:
further, in the step (2), the preparation of the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of weighing magnesium powder and boron powder with selected mass by adopting a direct mixing method (also called dry mixing method), sequentially adding the magnesium powder and the boron powder into a powder mixer, adjusting the speed of the mixer to low speed operation (30 revolutions per minute), stopping operation after mixing for 20 minutes, and taking out the boron-magnesium mixed powder after the mixer stands for 2 hours.
Further, the step (3) comprises the following steps: adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into the emulsion explosive, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to uniformly mix, and then placing for more than 60 minutes to finish the process.
Specifically, the components of the boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metalized emulsion explosive comprise a base explosive and boron-magnesium mixed powder, wherein the base explosive is an industrial pasty emulsion explosive, and the metalized high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder; the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
Further, the formula of the industrial pasty emulsion explosive is the same as that of the conventional common emulsion explosive, and is prepared by adding a sensitizer into an emulsion matrix; the emulsifying matrix is generally composed of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulfate, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate, emulsifier, etc.; the sensitizer generally includes physical sensitizer (glass microsphere, expanded perlite) and chemical sensitizer (sodium nitrite). For example, the emulsifying base may include ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulfate, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate, and an emulsifier.
Further, the boron-magnesium mixed powder is prepared by industrial magnesium powder and boron powder in a powder mixer by a dry mixing method, the magnesium powder and the boron powder with corresponding mass ratio are weighed and sequentially added into the powder mixer for stirring and mixing, the operation speed is controlled to be 45-90 r/min, the mixture is stirred for more than 40 min, and a mixed powder sample is taken out after standing for 60 min; wherein the purity of the magnesium powder is more than 98 percent, and the magnesium powder is atomized magnesium powder with the particle size of 5-50 mu m; the purity of the boron powder is more than 98 percent, the boron powder is an amorphous crystal form, and the particle size is in the range of 1-5 mu m.
For example, the particle size of the magnesium powder is 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 24 μm, 26 μm, 28 μm, 30 μm, 32 μm, 34 μm, 36 μm, 38 μm, 40 μm, 42 μm, 44 μm, 46 μm, 48 μm or 50 μm.
For example, the boron powder has a particle size of 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, or 5 μm.
Further, the preparation method of the boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metalized high-energy emulsion explosive is the same as the preparation method of adding a physical sensitizer glass microsphere in the prior art, the boron-magnesium mixed powder with a certain mass percentage is added into the emulsion explosive, the mixture is continuously stirred for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to be uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is placed for more than 60 minutes to complete the preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the added boron-magnesium mixed powder is uniformly distributed in the emulsion explosive to form a metallized high-energy emulsion explosive system, the preparation process of the boron-magnesium mixed powder is simple, the price of raw materials is low, and after the boron-magnesium mixed powder is uniformly added into the emulsion explosive system, because no air gap exists, the density and the working capacity of the explosive system are further improved, and the cost of the high-energy emulsion explosive is reduced.
2. Compared with the existing emulsion explosive and the emulsion explosive with separately added magnesium powder and boron powder, the active metal magnesium and the detonation product generate a combustion exothermic reaction to create a high-temperature environment, conditions are provided for the subsequent continuous combustion exothermic reaction of the boron powder, the reaction product of the magnesium powder can be gasified at high temperature, the oxide layer of the boron powder can be removed, the combustion efficiency of boron particles is greatly improved, the work capacity and the explosion performance of the explosive are improved, and the application range and the field of the emulsion explosive are widened.
3. The production process of the boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metalized high-energy emulsion explosive is simple and convenient, the boron-magnesium mixed powder with a certain mass percentage is added into the finished product emulsion explosive, the mixture is continuously stirred for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to be uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is placed for more than 60 minutes to be packaged, transported and stored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a shock wave at a distance of 120cm obtained by an underwater explosion test of a conventional emulsion explosive in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a shock wave curve diagram at a distance of 120cm obtained by an underwater explosion test of the high-energy emulsion explosive in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a shock wave at a distance of 120cm obtained by an underwater explosion test of a conventional emulsion explosive in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a shock wave profile at a distance of 120cm obtained by an underwater explosion test of the high-energy emulsion explosive in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
preparing an emulsified base: firstly, respectively weighing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and pure water with certain mass, putting the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water into a water phase tank, putting the water phase tank into an oil bath pot, heating and stirring the mixture until the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water are dissolved, and keeping the temperature at 105-110 ℃; next, a certain mass of the compounded wax (C) was weighed separately 18 H 38 ) And Span-80 (sorbitan fatty acid ester), putting into an oil phase tank, putting into an oil bath pan, heating to 85-95 ℃ and keeping the temperature; and finally, fixing a stirrer above the oil phase tank, immersing a stirring blade in the oil phase, opening the stirrer, slowly pouring the solution in the water phase tank into the oil phase tank, continuing the pouring process for 1 minute, increasing the rotation speed of the stirrer to 1000 revolutions per minute, continuing for 5 minutes, closing the stirrer and the oil bath pot, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the emulsified substrate.
The preparation method of the common emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of the emulsified base materials into a mixing tank, placing the mixing tank into an oil bath kettle at 50 ℃, adding a certain proportion of glass microsphere sensitizing agent, and stirring for 10 minutes until the explosive system is uniform, thus obtaining the common emulsion explosive.
30g of boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metalized high-energy emulsion explosive (high-energy emulsion explosive for short), 5 percent of the total mass of the boron-magnesium mixed powder (= 1.5 g), and 95 percent of the total mass of the common emulsion explosive (= 28.5 g). Emulsion explosive adopted methodSensitizing with a conventional sensitizing agent glass microsphere (D) based on the total weight of the emulsion explosive 50 =40um, density 0.32g/cm 3 Usa company) was 4wt%.
Table 1 emulsion base formulation used in example 1
Table 2 emulsion explosive formulation used in example 1
Boron powder (D) in boron-magnesium mixed powder 50 =1 um) and magnesium powder (D) 50 =15 um) is 55, adding boron powder and magnesium powder into a powder mixer in sequence according to the mass ratio of 55. The preparation method of the high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of common emulsion explosive, placing the common emulsion explosive in a stirrer, adding a certain proportion of boron-magnesium mixed powder into the stirrer, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using the stirrer to uniformly mix, and placing the mixture for more than 60 minutes to prepare the high-energy emulsion explosive. Respectively carrying out an explosion velocity experiment and an underwater explosion test on the common emulsion explosive and the high-energy emulsion explosive, and carrying out comparative analysis on the influence of the boron-magnesium mixed powder on the working capacity and the explosion performance of the emulsion explosive.
In the underwater explosion test, the shock wave curve of the common emulsion explosive at the position of 120cm away is shown in figure 1, and the shock wave curve of the high-energy emulsion explosive at the position of 120cm away is shown in figure 2. In the figure: the abscissa represents time (unit: us), the ordinate represents pressure (unit: MPa), and the underwater explosion shock wave curve is recorded by an oscilloscope. The various test parameters are shown in table 3, and the data in table 3 are obtained from the shock wave curve.
Table 3 example 1 detonation parameters for underwater explosive shock waves
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the detonation velocity and peak pressure of the high-energy emulsion explosive of the invention are slightly less than those of the common emulsion explosive because the mass of the explosive participating in the detonation wavefront reaction is reduced; but the explosive density, decay time, impulse and total energy are all larger than the latter. Namely, although the added boron-magnesium mixed powder reduces the detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive and the shock wave peak pressure of underwater explosion, the secondary reaction of the boron-magnesium powder can improve the temperature and the duration of an explosion field, so that the density of the explosive is increased by 2.92%, the decay time is improved by 6.85%, the impulse is improved by 4.51%, the total energy is improved by 1.54%, and the boron-magnesium mixed powder has a positive effect on improving the damage effect of the emulsion explosive.
Example 2:
preparing an emulsified base: firstly, respectively weighing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and pure water with certain mass, putting the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water into a water phase tank, putting the water phase tank into an oil bath pot, heating and stirring the mixture until the mixture is dissolved, and keeping the temperature at 105-110 ℃; secondly, respectively weighing a certain mass of composite wax and Span-80 (sorbitan fatty acid ester), putting the composite wax and Span-80 into an oil phase tank, putting the oil phase tank into an oil bath pan, heating to 85-95 ℃, and preserving heat; and finally, fixing a stirrer above the oil phase tank, immersing a stirring blade in the oil phase, opening the stirrer, slowly pouring the solution in the water phase tank into the oil phase tank, continuing the pouring process for 1 minute, increasing the rotation speed of the stirrer to 1000 revolutions per minute, continuing for 5 minutes, closing the stirrer and the oil bath pot, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the emulsified substrate.
The preparation method of the common emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of the emulsified base materials into a mixing tank, placing the mixing tank into an oil bath kettle at 50 ℃, adding a certain proportion of glass microsphere sensitizing agent, and stirring for 10 minutes until the explosive system is uniform, thus obtaining the common emulsion explosive.
30g of boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metallized high-energy emulsion explosive (high-energy emulsion explosive for short), 10% of the total mass of the boron-magnesium mixed powder (= 3.0 g), and 90% of the total mass of the common emulsion explosive (= 27.0 g). The emulsion explosive is sensitized by adopting glass microspheres as a conventional sensitizer to prepare the emulsion explosiveGlass microspheres (D50 =40um, density 0.32g/cm, total weight) 3 American company) was 4wt%.
Table 4 emulsion base formulation used in example 2
Table 5 emulsion explosive formulation used in example 2
Boron powder (D) in boron-magnesium mixed powder 50 =3 um) and magnesium powder (D) 50 =25 um) mass ratio is (50), adding boron powder and magnesium powder into a powder mixer according to the mass ratio of 50 in turn, stirring and mixing, controlling the running speed to be 60 r/min, stirring and mixing for 45 min, standing for 60 min, and taking out a mixed powder sample. The preparation method of the high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of common emulsion explosive, placing the common emulsion explosive in a stirrer, adding a certain proportion of boron-magnesium mixed powder into the stirrer, continuously stirring the mixture for more than 60 minutes by using the stirrer to uniformly mix the mixture, and placing the mixture for more than 60 minutes to prepare the high-energy emulsion explosive. Respectively carrying out an explosion velocity experiment and an underwater explosion test on the common emulsion explosive and the high-energy emulsion explosive, and comparing and analyzing the influence of the boron-magnesium mixed powder on the working capacity and the explosion performance of the emulsion explosive.
In the underwater explosion test, the shock wave curve of the common emulsion explosive at the position of 120cm is shown in figure 3, and the shock wave curve of the high-energy emulsion explosive at the position of 120cm is shown in figure 4. In the figure: the abscissa represents time (in us), the ordinate represents pressure (in MPa), and the underwater detonation shock wave curve is recorded by an oscilloscope. The various test parameters are shown in table 6, and the data in table 6 are obtained from the shock wave curve.
TABLE 6 EXAMPLE 2 Underwater detonation shock wave detonation parameters
As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, the detonation velocity and peak pressure of the high-energy emulsion explosive of the invention are slightly less than those of the common emulsion explosive because the mass of the explosive participating in the detonation wavefront reaction is reduced; but the explosive density, decay time, impulse and total energy are all larger than the latter. That is to say, although the added boron-magnesium mixed powder reduces the detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive and the peak pressure of the shock wave of underwater explosion, the secondary reaction of the boron-magnesium powder can improve the temperature and the duration of an explosion field, so that the density of the explosive is increased by 9.03%, the attenuation time is increased by 17.81%, the impulse is increased by 8.40%, the total energy is increased by 3.40%, and the application range and the field of the emulsion explosive are greatly widened by increasing the density and the detonation performance of the explosive.
The invention has not been described in detail and is part of the common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is to be covered by the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder.
2. The explosive according to claim 1, wherein the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
3. The explosive of claim 1, wherein the base explosive is prepared by adding a sensitizer to an emulsion matrix;
preferably, the emulsifying base comprises one or more of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulphate, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate and an emulsifier;
preferably, the sensitizer comprises a physical sensitizer and/or a chemical sensitizer;
preferably, the physical sensitizer is glass microspheres or expanded perlite;
preferably, the chemical sensitizer is sodium nitrite.
4. The explosive according to claim 1, wherein the boron-magnesium mixed powder is prepared by magnesium powder and boron powder in a powder mixer by a dry mixing method, the magnesium powder and the boron powder are weighed and sequentially added into the powder mixer for stirring and mixing, the operation speed is controlled to be 45-90 r/min, the mixture is stirred for more than 40 min, and a mixed powder sample is taken out after standing for 60 min;
preferably, the purity of the magnesium powder is more than 98 percent, and the particle size of the atomized magnesium powder is in the range of 5-50 μm;
preferably, the purity of the boron powder is more than 98%, the boron powder is in an amorphous crystal form, and the particle size is in the range of 1-5 μm.
5. A method for preparing the boron-magnesium containing mixed powder metalized emulsion explosive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a matrix explosive;
(2) Preparing boron-magnesium mixed powder;
(3) And adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into a matrix explosive, and stirring to obtain the boron-magnesium containing mixed powder metalized emulsion explosive.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the preparing of the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following steps: and sequentially adding the magnesium powder and the boron powder into a powder mixer, and mixing to obtain the boron-magnesium mixed powder.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein step (3) comprises: adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into the emulsion explosive, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to uniformly mix, and then placing for more than 60 minutes to finish the process.
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