CN115160092B - Metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160092B CN115160092B CN202210909893.6A CN202210909893A CN115160092B CN 115160092 B CN115160092 B CN 115160092B CN 202210909893 A CN202210909893 A CN 202210909893A CN 115160092 B CN115160092 B CN 115160092B
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- QYHKLBKLFBZGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron magnesium Chemical compound [B].[Mg] QYHKLBKLFBZGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical group [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N [(2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 sorbitan fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102220043159 rs587780996 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/12—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds
- C06B33/14—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the metalized emulsion explosive comprises a matrix explosive and boron-magnesium mixed powder, the matrix explosive is an industrial pasty emulsion explosive, and the metalized high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder; the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder. The formula of the industrial paste emulsion explosive is the same as that of the existing common emulsion explosive, the boron-magnesium mixed powder is prepared by adopting industrial magnesium powder and boron powder in a powder mixer by using a dry mixing method, and the preparation method of the boron-magnesium mixed powder-containing metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is the same as that of the glass microsphere added with the physical sensitizer in the prior art. The boron-magnesium mixed powder added by the invention improves the density of the emulsion explosive, and participates in detonation reaction and secondary post-combustion reaction with reaction products in sequence, thereby improving the working capacity and the output energy of the emulsion explosive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosive preparation, in particular to a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The emulsion explosive is the explosive variety with the largest usage amount in civil industrial explosive, and is generally referred to as a kind of emulsion type water-containing industrial explosive which is prepared by using an emulsifying technology and is formed by uniformly dispersing microdroplets of an oxidant salt aqueous solution in an oil phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed air bubbles or hollow glass microdroplets and the like. The water-resistant, environment-friendly, explosion-proof and storage performance is widely applied. The components mainly comprise oxidant aqueous solution (prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate, sodium sulfate and the like in water, commonly called as water phase), oil phase material (composite wax and the like, commonly called as oil phase), emulsifying agent and sensitizer (comprising physical sensitizer and chemical sensitizer and playing a role of sensitization). Although the traditional emulsion explosive has excellent acting capability, the degree of the traditional emulsion explosive is even higher than TNT, the density of the traditional emulsion explosive is smaller, and the underwater explosion experiment shows that the indexes of the traditional emulsion explosive such as explosion shock wave peak value, impulse, energy and the like are smaller. This indicates that emulsion explosives are somewhat deficient in work capacity and output energy, and improvements in this regard are needed.
The metallization of the explosive is an effective method for improving the function of the explosive, and the preparation of the metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is a novel method for effectively improving the density, the explosion power and the explosion energy of the explosive. The metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is characterized in that one or more high-energy combustible metal powder (aluminum powder, boron powder, magnesium powder, titanium powder and the like) is added into the traditional emulsion explosive, a uniform mixed system is formed by mixing and stirring, and the high-energy metal powder is uniformly dispersed in the emulsion explosive system, participates in detonation reaction and secondary reaction with reaction products, and releases a large amount of energy. Among various fuels which can be used in the field of explosives and powders, aluminum (combustion heat 31.0 MJ/kg), boron (combustion heat 58.6 MJ/kg), magnesium (combustion heat 25.1 MJ/kg) and titanium (combustion heat 19.7 MJ/kg) have the advantages of high mass heat value, high volume heat value, non-toxic raw materials, non-toxic combustion products, wide sources and the like. Researches show that the magnesium-boron mixed powder is applied to military explosives (RDX and HMX), can participate in detonation wave front reaction and secondary reaction with reaction products in a small amount, and can remarkably improve the density, the working capacity and the output energy of the explosives.
Theoretically, the mass and volume heat of combustion of boron (B) (58.9 kJ/g and 137.8 kJ/cm) 3 ) Aluminum (Al) mass and volume heat of combustion (31.3 kJ/g and 84.5kJ/cm, respectively 3 ) Is a high combustion hot metal fuel of great interest, and is 1.9 times and 1.6 times. The boron powder has high combustion heat value, and at normal temperature, no aluminum powder is active and does not react with moisture in the air, so that the boron powder is very beneficial to the safety and long storage property of the boron-containing explosive. Due to the surface multiphase combustion of the boron particles, and a viscous oxide layer (B 2 O 3 ) Build up on the surface due to B 2 O 3 The higher boiling point (460 c for the melting point, 1860 c for the boiling point) prevents the mixing of the boron powder with the oxidizing agent, which makes the combustion efficiency low. The literature has shown that: the independent addition of boron powder can not effectively improve the output of the working capacity and the explosion energy. The research literature at home and abroad also shows that: the mixed boron-magnesium powder system with a certain proportion is added into military explosives such as RDX (black cable gold), HMX (HMX), and the like, so that the density of the explosive and the total explosive energy output can be correspondingly improved. This is because in the detonation process of the explosive, the melting point (651 ℃) and the boiling point (1107 ℃) of the magnesium powder are low, firstly the magnesium powder is easy to gasify and oxidize, the oxygen consumption is low, the oxidation heat value is high, a high-temperature environment and residual oxygen are provided for the oxidization of the boron powder, then the boron powder starts to burn in the high-temperature environment, and the environment temperature exceeds the oxidization product B 2 O 3 Boiling point (1860 ℃ C.) such that B 2 O 3 The oxidation layer is continuously evaporated, the difficulty of oxidation reaction of the boron powder is reduced, the internal boron particles are continuously combusted, and finally the boron powder is improvedThe effective release of heat from the boron powder increases the overall energy release from the detonation reaction.
At present, reports of using a boron-magnesium mixed powder system in the emulsion explosive are not found, the preparation of the boron-magnesium metallized high-energy emulsion explosive has obvious advantages for improving the density, the functional power and the explosion energy of the emulsion explosive, the application field and the range of the emulsion explosive are greatly widened, and the emulsion explosive can be used as a main charge of some special elastomers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metalized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder and a preparation method thereof; the metallized emulsion explosive adopts the traditional emulsion explosive as the matrix explosive, the boron-magnesium mixed powder which is uniformly mixed in a certain proportion is added into the matrix explosive, and the boron-magnesium mixed powder is uniformly dispersed in an emulsion explosive system after fully stirring and mixing. The boron-magnesium mixed powder is added into the emulsion explosive, so that the density of the emulsion explosive is firstly improved, the boron-magnesium mixed powder participates in detonation wave front reaction and reacts secondarily with a reaction product, the magnesium powder participates in reaction firstly, a high-temperature environment is created for the boron powder which participates in reaction later, the reaction product of the magnesium powder can be gasified at a high temperature, the removal of an oxide layer of the boron powder is facilitated, the combustion efficiency and duration of the boron powder are improved, and the work doing capability and energy output of the emulsion explosive are further improved.
The invention realizes the aim by adopting the following technical scheme:
the metallized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight, based on the total weight of raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, the metallized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight, based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive. For example, the metallized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: 65.00wt%, 66wt%, 67wt%, 68wt%, 69wt%, 70wt%, 71wt%, 72wt%, 73wt%, 74wt%, 75wt%, 76wt%, 77wt%, 78wt%, 79wt%, 80wt%, 81wt%, 82wt%, 83wt%, 84wt%, 85wt%, 86wt%, 87wt%, 88wt%, 89wt%, 90wt%, 91wt%, 92wt%, 93wt%, 94wt%, 95wt%, 96wt%, 97wt% or 98.00wt% of the matrix explosive.
In one embodiment of the invention, the metallized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight, based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder. For example, the metallized emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing boron-magnesium mixed powder: 2.00wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%, 11 wt wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%, 26wt%, 27wt%, 28wt%, 29wt%, 30wt%, 31wt%, 32wt%, 33wt%, 34wt% or 35.00wt%.
Further, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
Further, based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder. For example, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 41wt%, 42wt%, 43wt%, 44wt%, 45wt%, 46wt%, 47wt%, 48wt%, 49wt%, 50wt%, 51wt%, 52wt%, 53wt%, 54wt%, 55wt%, 56wt%, 57wt%, 58wt%, 59wt%, 60wt%, 65wt% or 70.00wt% of boron powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder. For example, the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 30.00wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 41wt%, 42wt%, 43wt%, 44wt%, 45wt%, 46wt%, 47wt%, 48wt%, 49wt%, 50wt%, 51wt%, 52wt%, 53wt%, 54wt%, 55wt%, 56wt%, 57wt%, 58wt%, 59wt%, 60wt%, 65wt% or 70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the boron-containing magnesium mixed powder metallized emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a matrix explosive;
(2) Preparing boron-magnesium mixed powder;
(3) And adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into the matrix explosive, and stirring to obtain the boron-magnesium mixed powder-containing metallized emulsion explosive.
Further, in the step (1), the preparation of the matrix explosive comprises the following steps:
further, in the step (2), the preparation of the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following steps: and (3) weighing magnesium powder and boron powder with selected mass by adopting a direct mixing method (also called a dry mixing method), sequentially adding the magnesium powder and the boron powder into a powder mixer, regulating the mixer to low-speed operation (30 rpm), stopping the operation and mixing for 20 minutes, and taking out the boron-magnesium mixed powder after the mixer is kept stand for 2 hours.
Further, the step (3) includes: adding boron-magnesium mixed powder into the emulsion explosive, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to uniformly mix, and then placing for more than 60 minutes to finish the process.
Specifically, the composition of the metalized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises a matrix explosive and the boron-magnesium mixed powder, wherein the matrix explosive is an industrial pasty emulsion explosive, and the metalized high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65.00-98.00wt% of matrix explosive and 2.00-35.00wt% of boron-magnesium mixed powder; the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30.00-70.00wt% of boron powder and 30.00-70.00wt% of magnesium powder.
Furthermore, the formula of the industrial pasty emulsion explosive is the same as that of the existing common emulsion explosive, and the industrial pasty emulsion explosive is prepared by adding a sensitizer into an emulsion matrix; the emulsifying matrix is generally composed of components such as ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulfate, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate, emulsifying agent and the like; the sensitizer generally includes physical sensitizer (glass microsphere, expanded perlite) and chemical sensitizer (sodium nitrite). For example, the emulsifying base includes ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulfate, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate, and an emulsifier.
Further, the boron-magnesium mixed powder is prepared by adopting industrial magnesium powder and boron powder in a powder mixer by a dry mixing method, the magnesium powder and the boron powder with corresponding mass ratios are weighed and sequentially added into the powder mixer for stirring and mixing, the running speed is controlled to be 45-90 r/min, the mixing and stirring are carried out for more than 40 min, and a mixed powder sample is taken out after standing for 60 min; wherein the purity of the magnesium powder is more than 98 percent, the magnesium powder is atomized magnesium powder, and the particle size is in the range of 5-50 mu m; the purity of the boron powder is more than 98 percent, the boron powder is an amorphous crystal form, and the particle size is in the range of 1-5 mu m.
For example, the magnesium powder has a particle size of 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 24 μm, 26 μm, 28 μm, 30 μm, 32 μm, 34 μm, 36 μm, 38 μm, 40 μm, 42 μm, 44 μm, 46 μm, 48 μm or 50 μm.
For example, the boron powder has a particle size of 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm or 5 μm.
Further, the preparation method of the boron-containing magnesium mixed powder metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is the same as the preparation method of adding the physical sensitizer glass microspheres in the prior art, the boron-magnesium mixed powder with a certain mass percent is added into the emulsion explosive, and the emulsion explosive is continuously stirred for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer, so that the emulsion explosive is uniformly mixed and then is placed for more than 60 minutes to finish the process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the boron-magnesium mixed powder added by the invention is uniformly distributed in the emulsion explosive to form a metallized high-energy emulsion explosive system, the preparation process of the boron-magnesium mixed powder is simple, the raw material price is low, and the density and the acting capacity of the explosive system are improved and the cost of the high-energy emulsion explosive is reduced because no air gap exists after the boron-magnesium mixed powder is uniformly added into the emulsion explosive system.
2. Compared with the existing emulsion explosive and the emulsion explosive added with magnesium powder and boron powder independently, the boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder emulsion explosive disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a high-temperature environment is created by the combustion exothermic reaction of active metal magnesium and detonation products, conditions are provided for continuous combustion exothermic of the boron powder later, the reaction products of the magnesium powder can be gasified at high temperature, the removal of the oxide layer of the boron powder is facilitated, the combustion efficiency of boron particles is greatly improved, the work-doing capability and the explosion performance of the emulsion explosive are improved, and the application range and the field of the emulsion explosive are widened.
3. The production process of the boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metallized high-energy emulsion explosive is simple and convenient, the boron-magnesium mixed powder with a certain mass percent is added into the finished emulsion explosive, and the finished emulsion explosive is continuously stirred for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to ensure that the mixed powder is uniformly mixed, and then the finished emulsion explosive is placed for more than 60 minutes to be packaged, transported and stored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the shock wave at a distance of 120cm obtained by performing an underwater explosion test on a conventional emulsion explosive in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of shock wave at 120cm distance from the underwater explosion test of the high energy emulsion explosive of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the shock wave at a distance of 120cm obtained by performing an underwater explosion test on a conventional emulsion explosive in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of shock wave at 120cm distance from the underwater explosion test of the high energy emulsion explosive of example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the emulsified base comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively weighing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and pure water with certain mass, putting the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water into a water phase tank, putting the water phase tank into an oil bath pot, heating and stirring until the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water are dissolved, and preserving heat at 105-110 ℃; next, a certain mass of the composite wax (C 18 H 38 ) And Span-80 (sorbitan fatty acid ester), placing into an oil phase tank, placing into an oil bath pot, heating to 85-95deg.C, and maintaining the temperature; and finally, fixing a stirrer above the oil phase tank, immersing stirring blades in the oil phase, opening the stirrer, slowly pouring the solution in the water phase tank into the oil phase tank, pouring for 1 minute, lifting the rotation speed of the stirrer to 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, closing the stirrer and the oil bath pot, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the emulsified matrix.
The preparation method of the common emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of the emulsion matrix into a mixing tank, placing the mixing tank into an oil bath pot at 50 ℃, adding a certain proportion of glass microsphere sensitizer, and stirring for 10 minutes until an explosive system is uniform, thus obtaining the common emulsion explosive.
30g of a boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metallized high-energy emulsion explosive (high-energy emulsion explosive for short), wherein the content of the boron-magnesium mixed powder is 5 percent of the total mass (=1.5 g), and the content of the common emulsion explosive is 95 percent of the total mass (=28.5 g). The emulsion explosive is sensitized by using glass microspheres as a conventional sensitizer, wherein the glass microspheres (D 50 =40 um, density 0.32g/cm 3 Company of united states) content of 4wt%.
Table 1 emulsion matrix formulation used in example 1
Table 2 emulsion explosive formulation used in example 1
Boron powder (D) 50 =1um) and magnesium powder (D 50 =15 um) mass ratio of 55:45, sequentially adding boron powder and magnesium powder into a powder mixer according to the mass ratio of 55:45, stirring and mixing, controlling the running speed to be 50 revolutions per minute, stirring and mixing for 40 minutes, and standing for 60 minutes, and taking out a mixed powder sample. The preparation method of the high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of weighing a certain mass of common emulsion explosive, placing the common emulsion explosive into a stirrer, adding a certain proportion of boron-magnesium mixed powder into the stirrer, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using the stirrer to uniformly mix, and placing the common emulsion explosive for more than 60 minutes to prepare the high-energy emulsion explosive. And respectively carrying out explosion velocity experiments and underwater explosion tests on the common emulsion explosive and the high-energy emulsion explosive, and comparing and analyzing the influence of the boron-magnesium mixed powder on the working capacity and the explosion performance of the emulsion explosive.
In the underwater explosion test, the shock wave curve of the common emulsion explosive at the distance of 120cm is shown in figure 1, and the shock wave curve of the high-energy emulsion explosive at the distance of 120cm is shown in figure 2. In the figure: the abscissa represents time (unit: us), the ordinate represents pressure (unit: MPa), and the underwater blast shock wave curve is recorded by an oscilloscope. The various test parameters are shown in Table 3, and the data in Table 3 are obtained from the shock wave curve.
TABLE 3 example 1 underwater blast shock wave detonation parameters
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the detonation velocity and peak pressure of the high-energy emulsion explosive of the invention are slightly lower than those of the common emulsion explosive because the mass of the explosive participating in the detonation wave front reaction is reduced; but the explosive density, decay time, impulse, total energy are all greater than the latter. That is, the added boron-magnesium mixed powder reduces the detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive and the impact peak pressure of underwater explosion, but the secondary reaction of the boron-magnesium powder can improve the temperature and the duration of an explosion field, so that the density of the explosive is increased by 2.92%, the decay time is improved by 6.85%, the impulse is improved by 4.51%, the total energy is improved by 1.54%, and the method has positive effects on improving the damage effect of the emulsion explosive.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the emulsified base comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively weighing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and pure water with certain mass, putting the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water into a water phase tank, putting the water phase tank into an oil bath pot, heating and stirring until the ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the pure water are dissolved, and preserving heat at 105-110 ℃; secondly, respectively weighing composite wax and Span-80 (sorbitan fatty acid ester) with certain mass, putting into an oil phase tank, placing into an oil bath pot, heating to 85-95 ℃ and preserving heat; and finally, fixing a stirrer above the oil phase tank, immersing stirring blades in the oil phase, opening the stirrer, slowly pouring the solution in the water phase tank into the oil phase tank, pouring for 1 minute, lifting the rotation speed of the stirrer to 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, closing the stirrer and the oil bath pot, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the emulsified matrix.
The preparation method of the common emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of the emulsion matrix into a mixing tank, placing the mixing tank into an oil bath pot at 50 ℃, adding a certain proportion of glass microsphere sensitizer, and stirring for 10 minutes until an explosive system is uniform, thus obtaining the common emulsion explosive.
30g of a boron-magnesium-containing mixed powder metallized high-energy emulsion explosive (high-energy emulsion explosive for short), wherein the content of the boron-magnesium mixed powder is 10 percent of the total mass (=3.0 g), and the content of the common emulsion explosive is 90 percent of the total mass (=27.0 g). The emulsion explosive is sensitized by using glass microspheres as a conventional sensitizer, wherein the glass microspheres (D50=40 um, and the density is 0.32g/cm 3 Company of united states) content of 4wt%.
Table 4 emulsion matrix formulation used in example 2
Table 5 emulsion explosive formulation used in example 2
Boron powder (D) 50 =3um) and magnesium powder (D 50 The mass ratio of the boron powder to the magnesium powder is (50:50), the boron powder and the magnesium powder are sequentially added into a powder mixer according to the mass ratio of 50:50 for stirring and mixing, the running speed is controlled to be 60 revolutions per minute, the stirring and mixing are carried out for 45 minutes, and a mixed powder sample is taken out after standing for 60 minutes. The preparation method of the high-energy emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of weighing a certain mass of common emulsion explosive, placing the common emulsion explosive into a stirrer, adding a certain proportion of boron-magnesium mixed powder into the stirrer, continuously stirring for more than 60 minutes by using the stirrer to uniformly mix, and placing the common emulsion explosive for more than 60 minutes to prepare the high-energy emulsion explosive. And respectively carrying out explosion velocity experiments and underwater explosion tests on the common emulsion explosive and the high-energy emulsion explosive, and comparing and analyzing the influence of the boron-magnesium mixed powder on the working capacity and the explosion performance of the emulsion explosive.
In the underwater explosion test, the shock wave curve of the common emulsion explosive at the distance of 120cm is shown in figure 3, and the shock wave curve of the high-energy emulsion explosive at the distance of 120cm is shown in figure 4. In the figure: the abscissa represents time (unit: us), the ordinate represents pressure (unit: MPa), and the underwater blast shock wave curve is recorded by an oscilloscope. The various test parameters are shown in Table 6, and the data in Table 6 are obtained from the shock wave curve.
TABLE 6 example 2 underwater blast shock wave detonation parameters
From tables 5 and 6, the detonation velocity and peak pressure of the high-energy emulsion explosive of the invention are slightly lower than those of the common emulsion explosive because the mass of the explosive participating in the detonation wave front reaction is reduced; but the explosive density, decay time, impulse, total energy are all greater than the latter. That is, although the added boron-magnesium mixed powder reduces the detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive and the impact peak pressure of underwater explosion, the secondary reaction of the boron-magnesium powder can improve the temperature and the duration of an explosion field, so that the density of the explosive is increased by 9.03%, the decay time is increased by 17.81%, the impulse is increased by 8.40%, the total energy is increased by 3.40%, and the application range and the field of the emulsion explosive are greatly widened by the increase of the density and the detonation performance of the explosive.
The present invention is not described in detail in part as being well known to those skilled in the art. The above examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are not exhaustive of all details, nor are they intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. Various modifications and improvements of the technical scheme of the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined in the claims without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The metallized emulsion explosive is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of raw materials of the metallized emulsion explosive containing the boron-magnesium mixed powder: matrix explosive 65.00-98.00wt%, boron-magnesium mixed powder 2.00-35.00wt%;
the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the boron-magnesium mixed powder: 51-70.00-wt% of boron powder and 30.00-49% of magnesium powder;
the matrix explosive is prepared by adding a sensitizer into an emulsified matrix;
the emulsifying matrix consists of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulfate, urea, water, wax, rosin and sorbitol monooleate;
the sensitizer comprises a physical sensitizer and/or a chemical sensitizer;
the physical sensitizer is glass microsphere or expanded perlite;
the chemical sensitizer is sodium nitrite;
the purity of the magnesium powder is more than 98 percent, the magnesium powder is atomized, and the particle size is within the range of 10-15 mu m;
the purity of the boron powder is more than 98 percent, the boron powder is an amorphous crystal form, and the particle size is in the range of 1-5 mu m.
2. A method for preparing the boron-containing magnesium mixed powder metallized emulsion explosive according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a matrix explosive;
(2) Preparing boron-magnesium mixed powder;
(3) Adding the boron-magnesium mixed powder into a matrix explosive, and stirring to obtain the boron-magnesium mixed powder-containing metallized emulsion explosive;
in the step (2), the preparation of the boron-magnesium mixed powder comprises the following steps: sequentially adding magnesium powder and boron powder into a powder mixer, and mixing to obtain boron-magnesium mixed powder;
the step (3) comprises: adding boron-magnesium mixed powder into the emulsion explosive, continuously stirring for more than 45 minutes by using a stirrer to uniformly mix, and then placing for more than 60 minutes to finish the process.
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