CN115160069A - Special fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160069A CN115160069A CN202210999887.4A CN202210999887A CN115160069A CN 115160069 A CN115160069 A CN 115160069A CN 202210999887 A CN202210999887 A CN 202210999887A CN 115160069 A CN115160069 A CN 115160069A
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- palygorskite
- fertilizer
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- mixing
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer for lawns, which comprises the following raw materials: the fertilizer comprises diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil, octadecylamine and primary fertilizer granules, wherein the mass ratio of the diatomite to the magnesium sulfate to the talc is 80-120. The lawn special fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the nutrient release period is long, the fertilizer release rate before fertilization is low and is slow, the nutrient release period is 132-137 days, the initial nutrient release rate (24 h) is 1.62-1.85%, the cumulative nutrient release rate in 28 days is 45.68-46.34%, and the cumulative nutrient release rate in the nutrient release period is 93.92-95.16%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, in particular to a slow release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
People's demand for healthy, natural, ecological and environment-friendly living and living environment is increasing day by day, urban greening and residential area greening become standards of urban modernization degree, and in recent years, with the deepening of greening, outdoor sports, leisure tourism and ecological environment construction, the lawn industry in China is rapidly developed, and the lawn culture becomes fashionable.
In order to maintain good lawn quality, the technology of scientific maintenance management is not opened, fertilization is one of the most important means of lawn maintenance management, the commonly used fast-acting lawn fertilizer is easy to drip and cause nutrient loss due to denitrification, the pollution degree of atmosphere and underground water is increased, the slow-release fertilizer is stable in nutrient release and long in fertilizer efficiency, the nutrient requirements of plants can be met, luxury consumption of the plants on nutrients in the early stage of fertilization can be reduced, environmental pollution can be reduced, the slow-release fertilizer is used for lawn managers to enable the lawn to stably and stably grow, trimming times can be reduced, maintenance cost is reduced, the lawn is ensured to be always in a uniform and attractive state, and the slow-release fertilizer has the same advantage from the meaning.
The common carrier of the lawn slow release fertilizer is PAL material, i.e. palygorskite, which has large surface area and adsorption capacity, after the fertilizer is applied into soil, water enters into nanometer holes of PAL to dissolve and release nutrients, and can provide trace elements for plant growth, but the applicant finds that when the PAL is used as the carrier, the evapotranspiration amount of the lawn at the initial stage of fertilization can be increased rapidly because of the characteristic limit of PAL and the release speed of the slow release fertilizer at the initial stage is too high, and the growth speed and density of the lawn are increased, thereby causing the rapid increase of the evapotranspiration amount.
CN1978399 discloses PAL material slow release compound fertilizer, raw PAL material is crushed, purified and screened into 60-200 mesh granular powder, and then the compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and water with the same proportion are mixed, stirred uniformly, dried and granulated into 20-200 mesh to obtain the slow release compound fertilizer.
In summary, in the prior art, the release speed of the lawn slow-release fertilizer using PAL as a carrier is too high in the early stage of fertilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the method further prepares the fertilizer by processing the palygorskite carrier, realizes the lawn fertilizer using the palygorskite as the carrier, and can reduce the fertilizer release speed in the early stage of fertilization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fertilizer special for the lawn comprises the following raw materials: the fertilizer comprises diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil, octadecyl amine and primary fertilizer particles, wherein the mass ratio of the diatomite to the magnesium sulfate to the vegetable oil to the octadecyl amine to the primary fertilizer particles is (80-120).
The following is a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the preparation method of the special fertilizer for the lawn comprises the steps of preparing a palygorskite carrier, preparing a molten urea mixed solution, granulating and coating;
the preparation method of the palygorskite carrier comprises the steps of magnesium hydroxide gel treatment, tartaric acid treatment and activation;
the magnesium hydroxide gel treatment method comprises the steps of mixing magnesium chloride hexahydrate with deionized water to enable the concentration of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate to reach 0.65-0.75mol/L, then adding polyethylene glycol, adjusting the pH to 9.2-9.4 by using a sodium hydroxide solution, standing and aging for 34-38 hours, then washing with water until chloride ions cannot be detected by silver nitrate to obtain magnesium hydroxide gel, mixing and grinding palygorskite and magnesium hydroxide gel, filtering, washing with water and drying after grinding, and enabling all obtained powder to pass through a 20-mesh sieve, namely the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel.
The addition amount of the polyethylene glycol is 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate and the deionized water;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the magnesium hydroxide gel is 2:6-8;
the palygorskite has silicon dioxide content of 55.07-55.38wt% and density of 2.22-2.25g/cm 3 。
The tartaric acid treatment method comprises the steps of mixing the palygorskite subjected to magnesium hydroxide gel treatment with an ethanol water solution, uniformly dispersing the palygorskite and the ethanol water solution, adding glycerol, controlling the temperature to be 60-70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to be 700-800r/min, stirring for 75-110min, adding the tartaric acid solution after stirring, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed unchanged, stirring for 140-180min, and carrying out alcohol washing and drying after stirring to obtain the tartaric acid treated palygorskite.
The mass ratio of the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel to the ethanol water solution to the glycerol to the tartaric acid solution is (8-12);
the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 55-65%;
the tartaric acid solution has a mass concentration of 22-24%.
The activation method comprises the steps of controlling the temperature to be 260-280 ℃, activating the tartaric acid-treated palygorskite for 270-320min, and obtaining the palygorskite carrier after activation.
The method for preparing the molten urea mixed solution comprises the steps of mixing urea and potassium chloride, adjusting the temperature to be 118-122 ℃, enabling the urea to be changed into a molten state to obtain urine, uniformly mixing anhydrous sodium sulphate, ammonium molybdate, chelated iron, sodium borate and fruit green, then putting the mixture into the urine, controlling the stirring speed to be 180-220r/min, stirring for 45-60min, then adding 60% of powder monoammonium, anhydrous sodium sulphate, polyglutamic acid and polyaspartic acid, controlling the stirring speed to be 180-220r/min, stirring for 60min, grinding and refining after stirring, and obtaining the molten urea mixed solution.
The molten urea mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 617-625 parts of urea, 81-83 parts of potassium chloride, 157-161 parts of 60% powder monoammonium, 190-200 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.8-1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.8-1.2 parts of chelated iron, 1.8-2.2 parts of sodium borate, 1.8-2.2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1.8-2.2 parts of polyaspartic acid and 0.8-1.2 parts of fruit green;
the nitrogen content of the urea is 45.5-46.0wt%.
Mixing the palygorskite carrier with the molten urea mixed solution to obtain mixed slurry, spraying wine to granulate the mixed slurry, cooling, and sieving with a 1.8mm mesh sieve to obtain primary fertilizer particles;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite carrier to the molten urea mixed solution is (100).
The coating method comprises the steps of feeding diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil and octadecylamine which are used as coating materials into a roller, controlling the rotating speed of the roller to be 25-35r/min, carrying out rolling mixing for 25-35min, feeding primary fertilizer particles into the roller, keeping the rotating speed of the roller unchanged, carrying out rolling mixing for 80-100min, and obtaining the special fertilizer for the lawn after uniform coating;
the fineness of the diatomite is 250-500 meshes;
the fineness of the talcum powder is 250-500 meshes;
the vegetable oil consists of palm oil and castor oil, and the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the castor oil is 20-4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the lawn special fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the nutrient release period is long, the fertilizer release rate in the early stage of fertilization is low and is slow, the nutrient release period is 132-137 days, the initial nutrient release rate (24 h) is 1.62-1.85%, the cumulative nutrient release rate in 28 days is 45.68-46.34%, and the cumulative nutrient release rate in the nutrient release period is 93.92-95.16%;
the lawn special fertilizer can reduce the evapotranspiration of the lawn, increase the average growth speed of the lawn and increase the average tillering density of the lawn, and is applied to the planting of the rye grass, the evapotranspiration of the lawn after 7d of fertilization is 103.5-105.1mm, the average growth speed in the growing period is 4.22-4.35 cm/7d, and the average tillering is 248-262 plants/100 cm < 2 >;
the special fertilizer for the lawn can increase the underground biomass and the aboveground biomass of the lawn, and the special fertilizer for the lawn is applied to the planting of the rye grass, and the average underground biomass of the lawn is 2.28-2.57 g/385cm in the growing period of the lawn 3 The average biomass on the ground is 36.82-39.24 g/m 2 。
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparation of palygorskite support
a. Magnesium hydroxide gel treatment
Mixing magnesium chloride hexahydrate with deionized water to enable the concentration of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate to reach 0.7mol/L, then adding polyethylene glycol, adjusting the pH to 9.3 by using a sodium hydroxide solution, standing and aging for 36 hours, then washing with water until chloride ions cannot be detected by silver nitrate to obtain magnesium hydroxide gel, mixing palygorskite and the magnesium hydroxide gel, feeding the mixture into a grinding machine for grinding, filtering, washing with water and drying after grinding, and enabling all obtained powder to pass through a 20-mesh sieve, namely the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel;
the addition amount of the polyethylene glycol is 1.2 percent of the total mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate and the deionized water;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the magnesium hydroxide gel is 2:7;
the palygorskite has a silicon dioxide content of 55.24wt% and a density of 2.23g/cm 3 ；
b. Tartaric acid treatment
Mixing the palygorskite treated by magnesium hydroxide gel with an ethanol aqueous solution, uniformly dispersing, adding glycerol, controlling the temperature at 65 ℃ and the stirring speed at 750r/min, stirring for 80min, adding a tartaric acid solution after stirring, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed unchanged, stirring for 150min, and performing alcohol washing and drying after stirring to obtain tartaric acid-treated palygorskite;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel to the ethanol water solution to the glycerol to the tartaric acid solution is 10;
the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 60 percent;
the mass concentration of the tartaric acid solution is 23%;
c. activation of
And (3) putting the tartaric acid-treated palygorskite into a muffle furnace, controlling the temperature to be 270 ℃, activating for 300min, and obtaining the palygorskite carrier after activation.
(2) Preparation of molten urea mixture
Mixing urea and potassium chloride, putting the mixture into a melting tank, adjusting the temperature to 120 ℃, enabling the urea to be changed into a molten state to obtain urine, uniformly mixing anhydrous sodium sulphate, ammonium molybdate, chelated iron, sodium borate and fruit green, putting the mixture into the urine, controlling the stirring speed to be 200r/min, stirring for 50min, then adding 60% of powder monoammonium, anhydrous sodium sulphate, polyglutamic acid and polyaspartic acid, controlling the stirring speed to be 200r/min, stirring for 80min, grinding and refining the mixture after stirring by a horizontal emulsion pump to obtain a molten urea mixed solution with strong liquidity and no impurities;
the molten urea mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 622 parts of urea, 82 parts of potassium chloride, 159 parts of 60% powder-ammonium, 195 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of chelated iron, 2 parts of sodium borate, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 2 parts of polyaspartic acid and 1 part of fruit green;
the nitrogen content of the urea was 46wt%.
(3) Granulating
Mixing palygorskite carrier with molten urea mixed solution to obtain mixed slurry, and mixing the mixed slurry with a particle size of 13m 3 Feeding the mixed slurry into a high tower granulator at a flow rate of/h, spraying wine for granulation under the action of centrifugal force of the granulator, spraying the wine by the granulator to enter granulated materials of a granulation tower, interacting with gas resistance rising from the bottom of the tower in the descending process of the high tower, performing heat exchange with the wine, then descending to the bottom of the tower, cooling, and passing through a 1.8mm mesh screen to obtain primary fertilizer particles;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite carrier to the molten urea mixed solution is 100;
(4) Coating film
Feeding diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil and octadecylamine as coating materials into a roller, controlling the rotating speed of the roller to be 30r/min, carrying out rolling mixing for 30min, feeding primary fertilizer particles into the roller, keeping the rotating speed of the roller unchanged, carrying out rolling mixing for 90min, and obtaining the special lawn fertilizer after uniform coating;
the mass ratio of the diatomite, the magnesium sulfate, the talcum powder, the vegetable oil, the octadecylamine and the primary fertilizer granules is 100;
the fineness of the diatomite is 300 meshes;
the fineness of the talcum powder is 300 meshes;
the vegetable oil consists of palm oil and castor oil, and the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the castor oil is 20.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of Palygorskite support
a. Magnesium hydroxide gel treatment
Mixing magnesium chloride hexahydrate with deionized water to enable the concentration of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate to reach 0.65mol/L, then adding polyethylene glycol, adjusting the pH to 9.2 by using a sodium hydroxide solution, standing and aging for 34h, then washing with water until chloride ions cannot be detected by silver nitrate to obtain magnesium hydroxide gel, mixing palygorskite and the magnesium hydroxide gel, feeding the mixture into a grinding machine for grinding, filtering, washing with water and drying after grinding, and enabling all obtained powder to pass through a 20-mesh sieve, namely the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel;
the addition amount of the polyethylene glycol is 1.0 percent of the total mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate and the deionized water;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the magnesium hydroxide gel is 2:6;
the palygorskite has a silicon dioxide content of 55.07wt% and a density of 2.22g/cm 3 ；
b. Tartaric acid treatment
Mixing the palygorskite treated by magnesium hydroxide gel with an ethanol aqueous solution, uniformly dispersing, adding glycerol, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the stirring speed at 700r/min, stirring for 110min, adding a tartaric acid solution after stirring, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed unchanged, stirring for 140min, and after stirring, washing with alcohol and drying to obtain tartaric acid-treated palygorskite;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel to the ethanol water solution to the glycerol to the tartaric acid solution is (8);
the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 55%;
the mass concentration of the tartaric acid solution is 22%;
c. activation of
And (3) putting the tartaric acid-treated palygorskite into a muffle furnace, controlling the temperature to be 260 ℃, activating for 320min, and obtaining the palygorskite carrier after activation.
(2) Preparation of molten urea mixture
Mixing urea and potassium chloride, putting the mixture into a melting tank, adjusting the temperature to 118 ℃ to enable the urea to be molten to obtain urine, uniformly mixing anhydrous sodium sulphate, ammonium molybdate, chelated iron, sodium borate and fruit green, putting the mixture into the urine, controlling the stirring speed to be 180r/min, stirring for 60min, then adding 60% of powder monoammonium, anhydrous sodium sulphate, polyglutamic acid and polyaspartic acid, controlling the stirring speed to be 180r/min, stirring for 60min, grinding and refining the mixture after stirring by a horizontal emulsion pump to obtain molten urea mixed solution with strong liquidity and no impurities;
the molten urea mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: urea 617 parts, potassium chloride 81 parts, 60% powder monoammonium 157 parts, anhydrous sodium sulphate 190 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.8 parts, chelated iron 0.8 parts, sodium borate 1.8 parts, polyglutamic acid 1.8 parts, polyaspartic acid 1.8 parts, and fruit green 0.8 parts;
the nitrogen content of the urea was 45.5wt%.
(3) Granulating
Mixing palygorskite carrier with molten urea mixed solution to obtain mixed slurry, and mixing the mixed slurry at a ratio of 12.5m 3 Feeding the mixed slurry into a high tower granulator at a flow rate of/h, spraying wine for granulation under the action of centrifugal force of the granulator, spraying the wine by the granulator to enter granulated materials of a granulation tower, interacting with gas resistance rising from the bottom of the tower in the descending process of the high tower, performing heat exchange with the wine, then descending to the bottom of the tower, cooling, and passing through a 1.8mm mesh screen to obtain primary fertilizer particles;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite carrier to the molten urea mixed solution is 100;
(4) Coating film
Feeding diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil and octadecylamine as coating materials into a roller, controlling the rotating speed of the roller to be 25r/min, carrying out rolling mixing for 35min, feeding primary fertilizer particles into the roller, keeping the rotating speed of the roller unchanged, carrying out rolling mixing for 80min, and obtaining the special fertilizer for the lawn after uniform coating;
the mass ratio of the diatomite, the magnesium sulfate, the talcum powder, the vegetable oil, the octadecylamine and the primary fertilizer granules is 80;
the fineness of the diatomite is 250 meshes;
the fineness of the talcum powder is 250 meshes;
the vegetable oil consists of palm oil and castor oil, and the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the castor oil is 20.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of palygorskite support
a. Magnesium hydroxide gel treatment
Mixing magnesium chloride hexahydrate with deionized water to enable the concentration of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate to reach 0.75mol/L, then adding polyethylene glycol, adjusting the pH to 9.4 by using a sodium hydroxide solution, standing and aging for 38 hours, then washing with water until chloride ions cannot be detected by silver nitrate to obtain magnesium hydroxide gel, mixing palygorskite and the magnesium hydroxide gel, feeding the mixture into a grinding machine for grinding, filtering, washing with water and drying after grinding, and enabling all obtained powder to pass through a 20-mesh sieve, namely the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel;
the addition amount of the polyethylene glycol is 1.5 percent of the total mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate and the deionized water;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the magnesium hydroxide gel is 2:8;
the palygorskite has silicon dioxide content of 55.38wt% and density of 2.25g/cm 3 ；
b. Tartaric acid treatment
Mixing the palygorskite treated by magnesium hydroxide gel with an ethanol aqueous solution, uniformly dispersing, adding glycerol, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ and the stirring speed to be 800r/min, stirring for 75min, adding a tartaric acid solution after stirring, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed unchanged, stirring for 180min, and carrying out alcohol washing and drying after stirring to obtain tartaric acid-treated palygorskite;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel to the ethanol water solution to the glycerol to the tartaric acid solution is 12.2;
the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 65 percent;
the mass concentration of the tartaric acid solution is 24%;
c. activation of
And (3) putting the tartaric acid-treated palygorskite into a muffle furnace, controlling the temperature to be 280 ℃, activating for 270min, and obtaining the palygorskite carrier after activation.
(2) Preparation of molten urea mixture
Mixing urea and potassium chloride, putting the mixture into a melting tank, adjusting the temperature to be 122 ℃, enabling the urea to be changed into a molten state to obtain urine, uniformly mixing anhydrous sodium sulphate, ammonium molybdate, chelated iron, sodium borate and fruit green, putting the mixture into the urine, controlling the stirring speed to be 250r/min, stirring for 45min, then adding 60% of powder monoammonium, anhydrous sodium sulphate, polyglutamic acid and polyaspartic acid, controlling the stirring speed to be 220r/min, stirring for 80min, grinding and refining the mixture after stirring by a horizontal emulsion pump to obtain a molten urea mixed solution with strong liquidity and no impurities;
the molten urea mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 625 parts of urea, 83 parts of potassium chloride, 161 parts of 60% powder-ammonium, 200 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1.2 parts of chelated iron, 2.2 parts of sodium borate, 2.2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 2.2 parts of polyaspartic acid and 1.2 parts of fruit green;
the nitrogen content of the urea was 45.8wt%.
(3) Granulating
Mixing palygorskite carrier with molten urea mixed solution to obtain mixed slurry, and mixing the mixed slurry at a speed of 13.5m 3 Feeding the mixed slurry into a high tower granulator at a flow rate of/h, spraying wine for granulation under the action of centrifugal force of the granulator, spraying the wine by the granulator to enter granulated materials of a granulation tower, interacting with gas resistance rising from the bottom of the tower in the descending process of the high tower, performing heat exchange with the wine, then descending to the bottom of the tower, cooling, and passing through a 1.8mm mesh screen to obtain primary fertilizer particles;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite carrier to the molten urea mixed solution is 100;
(4) Coating film
Feeding diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil and octadecylamine as coating materials into a roller, controlling the rotating speed of the roller to be 35r/min, carrying out rolling mixing for 25min, feeding primary fertilizer particles into the roller, keeping the rotating speed of the roller unchanged, carrying out rolling mixing for 100min, and obtaining the special fertilizer for the lawn after uniform coating;
the mass ratio of the diatomite, the magnesium sulfate, the talcum powder, the vegetable oil, the octadecylamine and the primary fertilizer granules is 120;
the fineness of the diatomite is 500 meshes;
the fineness of the talcum powder is 500 meshes;
the vegetable oil consists of palm oil and castor oil, and the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the castor oil is 20.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of example 1, in the step of preparing the palygorskite carrier, the step of treating magnesium hydroxide gel is omitted, in the step of treating tartaric acid, the palygorskite crushed to 20 meshes is used for replacing the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel, and the other steps are the same, so that the fertilizer is prepared.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of example 1, in the step of preparing the palygorskite carrier, the tartaric acid treatment step is omitted, in the activation step, the palygorskite treated by magnesium hydroxide gel is used for replacing the tartaric acid treatment of the palygorskite, and the rest steps are the same, so that the fertilizer is prepared.
Example 4 detection of the Properties of the Fertilizer itself
The fertilizers prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for the nutrient release period, initial nutrient release rate, 28-day cumulative nutrient release rate, and cumulative nutrient release rate in the nutrient release period according to the method of GB/T23348-2009, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5 Effect of fertilizers on turf
Experimental lawn variety: lolium perenne
After planting rye grass in soil, the methods of examples 1-3 were applied at the beginning of seedling stage of rye grass,The fertilizer prepared in comparative examples 1-2 was applied to ryegrass in a manner of broadcasting at a rate of 50g/m 3 The evapotranspiration amount of the lawn after being fertilized for 7 days is detected by using an evapotranspiration instrument, and the average growth speed and the average tiller density of the lawn in the growth period are counted, and the result is shown in table 2.
Example 6 Effect of fertilizers on lawn Biomass testing
Experimental lawn variety: lolium perenne (L.) A.Merr
After planting ryegrass in soil, the fertilizers prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are respectively applied to the ryegrass at the beginning of seedling stage, and the ryegrass is fertilized in a broadcasting way with the application amount of 50g/m 3 The average underground biomass and the average aboveground biomass of the lawn in the growing period are counted, and the results are shown in table 3.
Claims (10)
1. The fertilizer special for the lawn is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the fertilizer comprises diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil, octadecylamine and primary fertilizer granules, wherein the mass ratio of the diatomite to the magnesium sulfate to the talc is 80-120.
2. The method for preparing the fertilizer special for the lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a palygorskite carrier, preparing a molten urea mixed solution, granulating and coating;
the preparation method of the palygorskite carrier comprises the steps of magnesium hydroxide gel treatment, tartaric acid treatment and activation;
the magnesium hydroxide gel treatment method comprises the steps of mixing magnesium chloride hexahydrate with deionized water to enable the concentration of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate to reach 0.65-0.75mol/L, then adding polyethylene glycol, adjusting the pH to 9.2-9.4 by using a sodium hydroxide solution, standing and aging for 34-38 hours, then washing with water until chloride ions cannot be detected by silver nitrate to obtain magnesium hydroxide gel, mixing and grinding palygorskite and magnesium hydroxide gel, filtering, washing with water and drying after grinding, and enabling all obtained powder to pass through a 20-mesh sieve, namely the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel.
3. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns according to claim 2, characterized by comprising:
the addition amount of the polyethylene glycol is 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate and the deionized water;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the magnesium hydroxide gel is 2:6-8;
the palygorskite has a silica content of 55.07-55.38wt% and a density of 2.22-2.25g/cm3.
4. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the tartaric acid treatment method comprises the steps of mixing the palygorskite subjected to magnesium hydroxide gel treatment with an ethanol water solution, uniformly dispersing the palygorskite and the ethanol water solution, adding glycerol, controlling the temperature to be 60-70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to be 700-800r/min, stirring for 75-110min, adding the tartaric acid solution after stirring, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed unchanged, stirring for 140-180min, and carrying out alcohol washing and drying after stirring to obtain the tartaric acid treated palygorskite.
5. The method for preparing the fertilizer special for lawns according to claim 4, wherein:
the mass ratio of the palygorskite treated by the magnesium hydroxide gel to the ethanol water solution to the glycerol to the tartaric acid solution is 8-12;
the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 55-65%;
the tartaric acid solution has a mass concentration of 22-24%.
6. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the activation method comprises the steps of controlling the temperature to be 260-280 ℃, activating the tartaric acid-treated palygorskite for 270-320min, and obtaining the palygorskite carrier after activation.
7. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the method for preparing the molten urea mixed solution comprises the steps of mixing urea and potassium chloride, adjusting the temperature to be 118-122 ℃, enabling the urea to be molten to obtain urine, uniformly mixing anhydrous sodium sulphate, ammonium molybdate, chelated iron, sodium borate and fruit green, then putting the mixture into the urine, controlling the stirring speed to be 180-220r/min, stirring for 45-60min, then adding 60% of ammonium monohydrate powder, anhydrous sodium sulphate, polyglutamic acid and polyaspartic acid, controlling the stirring speed to be 180-220r/min, stirring for 60min, grinding and refining after stirring, and obtaining the molten urea mixed solution.
8. The method for preparing the fertilizer special for lawns according to claim 7, wherein:
the molten urea mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 617-625 parts of urea, 81-83 parts of potassium chloride, 157-161 parts of 60% powder monoammonium, 190-200 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.8-1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.8-1.2 parts of chelated iron, 1.8-2.2 parts of sodium borate, 1.8-2.2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1.8-2.2 parts of polyaspartic acid and 0.8-1.2 parts of fruit green;
the nitrogen content of the urea is 45.5-46.0wt%.
9. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
mixing the palygorskite carrier with the molten urea mixed solution to obtain mixed slurry, spraying wine to granulate the mixed slurry, cooling, and sieving with a 1.8mm mesh sieve to obtain primary fertilizer particles;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite carrier to the molten urea mixed solution is (100).
10. The preparation method of the fertilizer special for lawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the coating method comprises the steps of feeding diatomite, magnesium sulfate, talcum powder, vegetable oil and octadecyl amine which are used as coating materials into a roller, controlling the rotating speed of the roller to be 25-35r/min, carrying out rolling mixing for 25-35min, feeding primary fertilizer particles into the roller, keeping the rotating speed of the roller unchanged, carrying out rolling mixing for 80-100min, and obtaining the special fertilizer for the lawn after uniform coating;
the fineness of the diatomite is 250-500 meshes;
the fineness of the talcum powder is 250-500 meshes;
the vegetable oil consists of palm oil and castor oil, and the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the castor oil is 20-4.
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Application publication date: 20221011 |