CN115160054A - Shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160054A CN115160054A CN202210634746.2A CN202210634746A CN115160054A CN 115160054 A CN115160054 A CN 115160054A CN 202210634746 A CN202210634746 A CN 202210634746A CN 115160054 A CN115160054 A CN 115160054A
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- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194105 Paenibacillus polymyxa Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical group CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/35—Capsules, e.g. core-shell
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
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- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/11—Bacillus megaterium
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- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/12—Bacillus polymyxa ; Paenibacillus polymyxa
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and mainly relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizer preparation; a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer with a core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a waterproof inner film, a carrier layer and a slow-release outer film; the raw materials of the carrier layer are as follows: ferric trichloride modified shaddock peel powder and a compound microbial agent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing ferric trichloride modified pomelo peel powder; s2, preparing a compound microbial agent; s3, mixing and culturing the modified shaddock peel powder and the compound microbial agent to enable the compound microbial agent to be adsorbed in the modified shaddock peel powder, and naturally drying to obtain a carrier; s4, wrapping the waterproof inner film, the carrier and the outer film on the inner core layer by using a disc granulation method and taking mineral oil as an adhesive; the invention can fully utilize waste biomass resources, improve soil, promote crop growth and improve crop resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizer preparation, in particular to a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Excessive application of chemical fertilizers can damage soil, water and atmospheric environment, a large amount of long-term application of the fertilizers can cause acidification and hardening of the soil, damage the soil structure, death of a large amount of beneficial microbial floras, reduction of soil activity, reduction of soil fertility and influence on crop growth. Excessive nutrient contents are lost and are not absorbed and utilized by soil, and a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like can flow into underground water and surface water along with surface runoff and farmland drainage, so that water bodies such as lakes, rivers and the like are eutrophicated. Part of nitrogen enters surface water and underground water in the form of ions, and can exceed the nitrite content of food after being absorbed by crops; meanwhile, a part of nitrogen is reduced into greenhouse gases NO and N2O through nitrification and enters the atmosphere to pollute the atmospheric environment.
With the intensive and large-scale development of modern agriculture, the problem of environmental pollution and sustainable utilization of agricultural wastes are increasingly highlighted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which can fully utilize waste biomass resources, improve soil, promote crop growth and improve crop resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer with a core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a waterproof inner film, a carrier layer and a slow-release outer film; the raw materials of the carrier layer are as follows: ferric trichloride modified shaddock peel powder and a compound microbial agent.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner core, the water-proof inner membrane, the carrier layer and the slow-release outer membrane is 30: 1: 10: 9.
Preferably, the inner core is N and P with the diameter of 2-3 cm 2 O 5 、K 2 And (3) O compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the water-proof inner membrane is ethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa.
A preparation method of a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing ferric trichloride modified pomelo peel powder;
s2, preparing a compound microbial agent;
s3, mixing and culturing the modified shaddock peel powder and the compound microbial agent for 2 hours at 25 ℃ in a solid-liquid ratio of 1: 100 to ensure that the compound microbial agent is adsorbed in the modified shaddock peel powder, and naturally drying to prepare a carrier;
and S4, wrapping the waterproof inner film, the carrier and the outer film on the inner core layer by using a disc granulation method and using mineral oil as an adhesive.
Preferably, in step S1, the preparation method of the ferric chloride modified pomelo peel powder comprises: selecting waste biomass pomelo peel as a raw material, washing the pomelo peel by using distilled water and deionized water, cutting the pomelo peel into small pieces, drying the pomelo peel at 80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing the pomelo peel and sieving the pomelo peel with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain pomelo peel powder; respectively taking the shaddock peel powder and ferric trichloride according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, adding a proper amount of water, stirring for 30min, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, performing suction filtration until the filtrate is basically colorless, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, grinding, crushing, and sieving with an 80-mesh sieve.
Preferably, in step S2, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa are respectively inoculated into a liquid culture medium for preliminary culture to obtain strains; and then adding the strains into a liquid culture medium respectively for amplification culture to obtain a bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, a bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid and a paenibacillus polymyxa fermentation liquid respectively, and mixing to obtain the compound microbial agent.
Preferably, the seed liquid culture medium is: 10g/L tryptone, 5g/L yeast extract, 10g/L sodium chloride and water as solvent, wherein the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotation speed is 180r/min, and the components are separately cultured for 36-48 h respectively;
the fermentation medium of the bacillus megaterium comprises: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and water as solvent, and culturing for 48 hours separately under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min;
the fermentation medium of the bacillus mucilaginosus comprises the following components: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of peptone, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and solvent are water, and the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotation speed is 180r/min for separate culture for 48 hours;
the fermentation medium of the paenibacillus polymyxa comprises: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of defatted soybean powder and 1 percent of magnesium sulfate, and culturing for 48 hours separately under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotation speed is 180 r/min.
Preferably, the method for preparing the outer film in step S4 comprises: weighing 50mL of water, heating to boil, slowly adding 2.25g of potassium hydroxide, adding 2g of stearic acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to about 70 ℃, adding 2.25g of triethanolamine when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 50 ℃, uniformly stirring, standing for 1h, adding a certain amount of citric acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 30 ℃, and standing for 3h; when the temperature of the solution is reduced to room temperature, potassium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and the required waterproof agent is obtained; weighing 15g of starch and an enhancer, adding 175mL of distilled water and 20mL of a waterproof agent and a plasticizer into a flat-bottomed flask, stirring for 1h in a water bath at 95 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 1mL of ammonia water and 2mL of ethyl silicate, and mixing and stirring for 0.5h to obtain the outer membrane forming solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the microbial carrier is prepared by modifying the shaddock peel, and is used for improving agricultural soil, so that waste biomass resources are fully utilized.
2. The modified shaddock peel has large specific surface area and good pore structure, is beneficial to the attachment of microbial agents, enables beneficial microorganisms to be easier to colonize root systems, and can supplement certain organic matters, so that the plant growth is promoted integrally.
3. According to the invention, through the cooperation of three bacillus microorganisms, the soil is comprehensively improved from the aspects of phosphate dissolving, potassium dissolving, nitrogen fixing and the like, the growth of crops is promoted, and the resistance of the crops is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of different treatments on stress resistance and total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of pakchoi;
FIG. 2 is the effect of different treatments on the chlorophyll and vitamin C content of pakchoi;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of different treatments on soil water content and organic matter content;
FIG. 4 is the effect of different treatments on soil microbial abundance;
FIG. 5 shows the effect of different treatments on the available NPK content and the activity of the soil enzymes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.
Example 1: the invention relates to a shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer, which is a microbial fertilizer with a core-shell structure and comprises an inner core, a water-proof inner film, a carrier layer and a slow-release outer film, wherein the inner core is a hollow core; the raw materials of the carrier layer are as follows: ferric trichloride modified shaddock peel powder and a compound microbial agent.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner core, the water-proof inner membrane, the carrier layer and the slow-release outer membrane is 30: 1: 10: 9.
Preferably, the inner core is N and P with the diameter of 2-3 cm 2 O 5 、K 2 And (3) O compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the water-proof inner membrane is industrial-grade ethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa
The effective viable count of the invention is 0.35 hundred million/g, the total nitrogen content is 4.52 percent, the total phosphorus content is 1.75 percent, the total potassium content is 12.87 percent, the organic matter content is 52.14 percent, the water content is 16.97 percent, and the pH value is 6.07; the arsenic content is 8.15mg/kg, the chromium content is 8.15mg/kg, the lead content is 5.21mg/kg, the cadmium content is 0.17mg/kg, the mercury content is 0.08mg/kg, and no pungent smell exists.
Example 2: the invention relates to a preparation method of a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing ferric trichloride modified pomelo peel powder;
the preparation method of the ferric trichloride modified pomelo peel powder comprises the following steps: selecting waste biomass pomelo peel as a raw material, washing the pomelo peel by using distilled water and deionized water, cutting the pomelo peel into small pieces, drying the pomelo peel at 80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing the pomelo peel and sieving the pomelo peel with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain pomelo peel powder; respectively taking the pomelo peel powder and ferric trichloride according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, adding a proper amount of water, stirring for 30min, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, performing suction filtration until the filtrate is basically colorless, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, grinding, crushing, and sieving with an 80-mesh sieve.
S2, preparing a compound microbial agent;
the preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating bacillus megatherium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa into a liquid culture medium for primary culture to obtain strains; and then adding the strains into a liquid culture medium respectively for amplification culture to obtain a bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, a bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid and a paenibacillus polymyxa fermentation liquid respectively, and mixing to obtain the compound microbial agent.
Wherein, taking 10g of tryptone, 5g of yeast extract, 10g of sodium chloride and 1L of water, mixing uniformly, adjusting the pH value to 7.0, and sterilizing to obtain a liquid culture medium; respectively inoculating bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa preserved at minus 80 ℃ to the prepared culture medium, and respectively and independently culturing for 36-48 h under the conditions that the temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min;
respectively and independently culturing the hay for 36-48 h under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min; then inoculating into respective fermentation culture media, wherein the fermentation culture media of the bacillus megaterium are as follows: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and water as solvent, and culturing for 48 hours separately under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min; the fermentation medium of the bacillus mucilaginosus comprises the following components: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of peptone, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and water as solvent, and culturing for 48 hours under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min; the fermentation medium of the paenibacillus polymyxa comprises: 1.5% of molasses, 1.45% of defatted soybean powder and 1% of magnesium sulfate, and culturing at 28 deg.C and 180r/min for 48 hr; and (2) mixing fermentation liquor of each bacterium according to a mass ratio of 1.
S3, mixing and culturing the modified shaddock peel powder and the compound microbial agent for 2 hours at 25 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 100, so that the compound microbial agent is adsorbed in the modified shaddock peel powder, and naturally drying to obtain a carrier adsorbed with the microbial agent;
and S4, wrapping the waterproof inner film, the carrier and the outer film on the inner core layer by using a disc granulation method and using mineral oil as an adhesive.
Preferably, the preparation method of the outer film in step S4 is: weighing 50mL of water, heating to boil, slowly adding 2.25g of potassium hydroxide, adding 2g of stearic acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to about 70 ℃, adding 2.25 g/(2.7 mL) of triethanolamine when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 50 ℃, uniformly stirring, standing for 1h, adding a certain amount of citric acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 30 ℃, and standing for 3h; when the temperature of the solution is reduced to room temperature, potassium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and the needed waterproof agent is obtained; weighing 15g of starch and an enhancer (polyvinyl alcohol: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose =10 l, 8g and 0.8g respectively), adding 175mL of distilled water into a flat-bottomed flask, adding 20mL of a waterproofing agent and a plasticizer (glycerol: polyethylene glycol =3 l, 6mL and 2g respectively), stirring for 1h and uniformly mixing in a water bath at 95 ℃, dropwise adding 1mL of ammonia water and 2mL of ethyl silicate, and mixing and stirring for 0.5h to obtain an outer membrane forming solution.
The invention has the dosage of 20-60 kg/mu in agricultural soil and is suitable for being used as a base fertilizer.
According to the invention, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa are mixed to obtain a mixed microbial agent, then ferric chloride modified shaddock peel powder is used as a carrier to adsorb and fix the mixed microbial agent, and the microbial fertilizer with a core-shell structure is prepared by coating layer by layer. Through the cooperation of the three bacillus microorganisms, the soil is comprehensively improved from the aspects of phosphate dissolving, potassium dissolving, nitrogen fixation and the like, the growth of crops is promoted, the stress resistance of plants is improved, the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility is improved, and the ecological benefit and the social benefit are obviously improved.
Example 3: the comparative test of the growth, yield and soil fertility of the pakchoi by applying the shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer prepared according to the invention is carried out.
And (3) testing and testing varieties: meige fast food.
Test soil profile: the soil is red loam, the water content is 13-17%, the pH value is 7.3-7.6, the organic matter content is 4.4-11 mg/kg, the quick-acting nitrogen is 8.6-18.2 mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 9.7-15.2 mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 3.3-4.5 mg/kg.
And (3) experimental design: the prepared shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer is applied to a potting experiment for fertilizer efficiency comparison, a mode that disposable base fertilizers are not applied to each treated fertilizer is adopted, the fertilizer usage amount in potting soil is 1.5 g/kg of soil, and after harvesting, pakchoi is measured and the soil condition is measured. The Chinese cabbage is sowed in 2021 year, 10 month and 2 days, harvested in 11 month and 10 days, and soil is collected in the same day for measuring the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the physiological and biochemical indexes of the Chinese cabbage, and the test is totally provided with the following 6 treatments:
CK, no fertilization;
t1: a compound microbial agent (the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g);
t2: a common 15-15-15 compound fertilizer from fertilizer company, chongqing Wanzhou;
t3: organic fertilizer from fertilizer company of Chongqing Wanzhou (organic matter content is more than or equal to 60%, total nutrient is more than or equal to 8%);
t4: the fertilizer is an inorganic slow release fertilizer purchased from a company in Hebei (the total nutrient is more than or equal to 42 percent, and the nutrient release period is 90 d);
t5: the invention discloses a shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer.
The test results are shown in table 1 and fig. 1 to 5.
Wherein, table 1 shows the effect of different treatments on the growth of pakchoi; FIG. 1 shows the influence of different treatments on stress resistance and total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of pakchoi; FIG. 2 shows the effect of different treatments on the chlorophyll and vitamin C content of pakchoi; FIG. 3 shows the effect of different treatments on the water content and organic matter content of the soil; FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on soil microbial abundance; FIG. 5 shows the effect of different treatments on the content of available NPK in soil and the activity of soil enzymes.
TABLE 1
The test results show that the shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer can obviously improve the soil water content, the organic matter content, the quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, the soil enzyme activity and the microbial abundance, and improve the stress resistance of pakchoi, the chlorophyll and the vitamin C content, so that the product yield and the product quality are improved.
Claims (10)
1. The shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer is characterized in that: the microbial fertilizer with the shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a waterproof inner film, a carrier layer and a slow-release outer film; the raw materials of the carrier layer are as follows: ferric trichloride modified shaddock peel powder and a compound microbial agent.
2. The shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer as recited in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the inner core, the water-proof inner membrane, the carrier layer and the slow-release outer membrane is 30: 1: 10: 9.
3. The shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inner core is N and P with the diameter of 2-3 cm 2 O 5 、K 2 And (3) O compound fertilizer.
4. The shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer as recited in claim 1, wherein: the water-proof inner membrane is ethyl cellulose.
5. The shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer as recited in claim 1, wherein: the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus polymyxa.
6. A preparation method of a shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing ferric trichloride modified pomelo peel powder;
s2, preparing a compound microbial agent;
s3, mixing and culturing the modified shaddock peel powder and the compound microbial agent for 2 hours at 25 ℃ in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 100, so that the compound microbial agent is adsorbed in the modified shaddock peel powder, and naturally drying to obtain a carrier;
and S4, wrapping the waterproof inner film, the carrier and the outer film on the inner core layer by using a disc granulation method and using mineral oil as an adhesive.
7. The preparation method of the shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the preparation method of the ferric trichloride modified shaddock ped powder comprises the following steps: selecting waste biomass pomelo peel as a raw material, washing with distilled water and deionized water, cutting into small pieces, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain pomelo peel powder; respectively taking the shaddock peel powder and ferric trichloride according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, adding a proper amount of water, stirring for 30min, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, performing suction filtration until the filtrate is basically colorless, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, grinding, crushing, and sieving with an 80-mesh sieve.
8. The preparation method of the shaddock peel composite microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S2, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and Paenibacillus polymyxa are respectively inoculated into a liquid culture medium for preliminary culture to obtain strains; and then adding the strains into a liquid culture medium respectively for amplification culture to obtain a bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, a bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid and a paenibacillus polymyxa fermentation liquid respectively, and mixing to obtain the compound microbial agent.
9. The preparation method of the shaddock ped compound microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the seed liquid culture medium is: 10g/L of tryptone, 5g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of sodium chloride and water as solvent, and independently culturing the tryptone and the yeast extract for 36 to 48 hours respectively under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotation speed is 180 r/min;
the fermentation medium of the bacillus megaterium comprises: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and water as solvent, and culturing for 48 hours under the conditions that the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 r/min;
the fermentation medium of the bacillus mucilaginosus comprises the following components: 1.5 percent of molasses, 1.45 percent of peptone, 1 percent of magnesium sulfate and solvent are water, and the culture temperature is 28 ℃ and the rotation speed is 180r/min for separate culture for 48 hours;
the fermentation medium of the paenibacillus polymyxa comprises: 1.5% of molasses, 1.45% of defatted soybean flour and 1% of magnesium sulfate, and culturing at 28 deg.C and 180r/min for 48 hr.
10. The preparation method of the shaddock ped composite microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the outer membrane in the step S4 is as follows: weighing 50mL of water, heating to boil, slowly adding 2.25g of potassium hydroxide, adding 2g of stearic acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to about 70 ℃, adding 2.25g of triethanolamine when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 50 ℃, uniformly stirring, standing for 1h, adding a certain amount of citric acid when the temperature of the solution is reduced to 30 ℃, and standing for 3h; when the temperature of the solution is reduced to room temperature, potassium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and the needed waterproof agent is obtained; weighing 15g of starch and an enhancer, adding 175mL of distilled water and 20mL of a waterproof agent and a plasticizer into a flat-bottomed flask, stirring for 1h in a water bath at 95 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 1mL of ammonia water and 2mL of ethyl silicate, and mixing and stirring for 0.5h to obtain the outer membrane forming solution.
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