CN115139675B - Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method - Google Patents
Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115139675B CN115139675B CN202210608183.XA CN202210608183A CN115139675B CN 115139675 B CN115139675 B CN 115139675B CN 202210608183 A CN202210608183 A CN 202210608183A CN 115139675 B CN115139675 B CN 115139675B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- temperature
- printing
- ink
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
- B41M1/28—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/12—Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/009—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using thermal means, e.g. infrared radiation, heat
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece printing, in particular to a hard alloy workpiece surface printing method, which comprises the following steps: a) Placing a batch of workpieces on printing equipment; b) Adding high-temperature ink into the printing equipment, starting the printing equipment, printing product information on the surface of a workpiece, and taking the workpiece off the printing equipment; c) And (5) conveying the workpiece into a heating furnace for heat treatment, and taking out the workpiece after the heat treatment is finished. The invention adopts high-temperature ink, has the characteristic of high temperature resistance, can keep clear printing in the heat treatment process, has small dot gain rate, eliminates the internal stress of the workpiece by the heat treatment process, and simultaneously oxidizes the high-temperature ink and the surface of the workpiece, thereby being solidified on the surface of the workpiece, ensuring that the finished product has clear product information, is not easy to be damaged by scratching, and simultaneously improving the quality and the service life of the workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece printing, in particular to a hard alloy workpiece surface printing method.
Background
In order to facilitate the tracing of customers to products, the customers often need to print product models or numbers on the products, when printing on the surfaces of some metal products, especially hard alloy products, the customers often print on the surfaces of the products in a laser marking mode, but the surfaces of the products are easily damaged, so that stress concentration is caused, and the quality and the service life of workpieces are affected.
For example, chinese patent application number 202110489911.5, entitled stamping and printing apparatus for metal working, comprising: the base is used for installing the whole equipment; the support frames are arranged at the top of the base; the top of the base is provided with the driving and transporting mechanism; and the stamping printing mechanism is arranged at the top of the base. The invention optimizes the stamping and printing process and improves the working efficiency, but the surface of the workpiece is inevitably damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a printing method for the surface of a hard alloy workpiece, which is characterized in that after the surface of the workpiece is printed with high-temperature printing ink, the high-temperature printing ink is solidified on the surface of the workpiece through heat treatment, so that printing of product information is finished, the internal stress of the workpiece can be eliminated, the mechanical property can be improved, damage to the surface of the workpiece can be avoided, and the product information can be prevented from being eliminated accidentally.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a hard alloy workpiece surface printing method comprises the following steps: a) Placing a batch of workpieces on printing equipment; b) Adding high-temperature ink into the printing equipment, starting the printing equipment, printing product information on the surface of a workpiece, and then taking the workpiece off the printing equipment; c) And (5) conveying the workpiece into a heating furnace for heat treatment, and taking out the workpiece after the heat treatment is finished. The high-temperature printing ink means that the sintering temperature is 430-850 ℃, and after high-temperature sintering, the printing ink and glass, metal, ceramic and the like are firmly clad/sintered/sealed together to form a layer of hard, heat-resistant, weather-resistant and chemical-resistant coating. The high-temperature ink can be purchased through a conventional market channel, the high-temperature ink can keep clear printing in a heat treatment process, the dot gain rate is small, the internal stress of a workpiece is eliminated through the heat treatment process, and meanwhile, the high-temperature ink is subjected to oxidation reaction with the surface of the workpiece, so that the high-temperature ink is cured, after the finished product, the product information is clear, the surface of the workpiece is not influenced, and unless the surface of the workpiece is damaged, the product information is not influenced, so that the definition of the information or the retention time limit is greatly improved, and the quality and the service life of the workpiece are also improved.
Preferably, in step c), after the workpiece is fed into the heating furnace, the temperature is raised to T1, the temperature is kept for a period of time, then the temperature is continuously raised to T2, the temperature is lowered after the period of time, and the tempering operation is completed. The purpose of raising the temperature to T1 is to slowly release the internal stress of the workpiece through tempering, improve the mechanical property of the workpiece, and the purpose of raising the temperature to T2 is to enable the surface of the workpiece to have oxidation reaction with high-temperature ink, so that the ink is solidified on the surface of the workpiece, and the range of the temperature T2 has a large influence on the finally formed printing effect: the temperature T2 is low, the oxidation reaction of the printing ink with the surface of the workpiece is insufficient at the high temperature, and the printing content on the surface of the final finished product can be erased by a chemical reagent; the temperature T2 is too high, which can affect the metallographic phase of the hard alloy, and can cause metal ink patterns to appear in the unprinted area of the workpiece, and the workpiece becomes dark after tempering, lacks metal luster and affects the appearance of the product.
Preferably, in step c), the temperature T1 is in the range of 100℃to 240 ℃. In the temperature range, the internal stress of the hard alloy is slowly released, the effect of eliminating residual stress is achieved, the higher hardness and wear resistance of the hard alloy can be maintained, and the effect of releasing stress cannot be achieved when the temperature is too low.
Preferably, in step c), the temperature of the heating furnace is slowly raised to a temperature T1 and then maintained for 2 to 8 hours. The temperature is kept for 2-8 hours, so that the internal stress of the workpiece is fully released, and the preparation is carried out for the next working procedure.
Preferably, in step c), the temperature T2 is in the range of 370℃to 450 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 370 ℃, the high-temperature ink and the workpiece are not fully reacted, the printed product information can be erased after wiping for a plurality of times by adding tartaric acid into clear water, and the high-temperature ink is not well solidified on the surface of the workpiece; when the temperature is higher than 450 ℃, the product is subjected to internal grinding, plane grinding and other working procedures before heat treatment, the surface smoothness is high, on one hand, the metal ink patterns are easily formed in the unprinted areas on the surface of the product, the workpiece is dark after tempering, the metal luster is absent, the product information is relatively unclear, on the other hand, the metallographic structure of the hard alloy is easily changed slightly, and the roughness of the surface of the workpiece is possibly changed, so that other changes affecting the mechanical properties appear.
Preferably, in step c), after the temperature is raised to T2, the temperature is maintained for 20 to 32 hours, and then the whole heating furnace is cooled. The temperature is kept for 20-32 hours to ensure that the high-temperature ink fully reacts with the workpiece, the internal stress is thoroughly eliminated through water cooling or air cooling, and the cooling process time is determined by the air temperature, and is generally longer in summer and shorter in winter.
Preferably, after step b) is completed, after the high temperature ink is dried before step c), it is observed whether the printed high temperature ink meets the standard, if yes, step c) is performed, and if not, step a) is performed again. After the ink is dried, whether the high-temperature ink is flat or not after being printed on the surface of the workpiece is convenient to observe, whether multiple layers or waves exist or not is ensured, printing information before the ink is fed into a heating furnace is clearly visible, namely the ink is determined to be in accordance with the standard, if the ink is not in accordance with the standard, unclear product information after the ink is heated is difficult to remove, and the processing cost is increased.
Preferably, after step b) is completed, if the printed high-temperature ink is found to be out of the standard, the high-temperature ink is cleaned by using an organic solvent, and after the cleaning is completed, step a) is re-executed. Before reprinting, the previously misprinted or printed unclear ink needs to be cleaned, and the high temperature ink can be sufficiently dissolved by an organic solvent so that the ink is cleaned.
Preferably, in step b), it is checked whether the reserve of the high temperature ink is sufficient before each operation of the printing apparatus, and if not, the high temperature ink is added in time. When the condition of insufficient high-temperature ink appears, the printed workpiece product information is easy to be unclear, the phenomenon that the whole batch of workpieces need to be reworked and reprinted is caused, the waste of the high-temperature ink and the organic solvent is easy to be caused, the working procedures are also wasted, the processing cost is improved, and the economic benefit is reduced.
The invention has the advantages that: through heat treatment, the typeface formed by printing high-temperature ink is solidified on the surface of the workpiece, printing of product information is completed, internal stress of the workpiece can be eliminated, mechanical properties are improved, damage to the surface of the workpiece can be avoided, and product information is prevented from being eliminated accidentally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the method for printing on the surface of a cemented carbide workpiece according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a corresponding process equipment diagram of the cemented carbide workpiece surface printing method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a sample graph of the cemented carbide workpiece after laser marking.
FIG. 4 is a sample diagram of the printing conforming to the standard of the method for printing the surface of the cemented carbide workpiece of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sample diagram of the hard alloy workpiece surface printing method of the invention, wherein the printing is not in accordance with the standard.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for printing on the surface of a cemented carbide workpiece comprises the following steps: a) Placing a batch of workpieces on the printing equipment 1; b) Adding high-temperature ink into the printing equipment 1, starting the printing equipment 1, printing product information on the surface of a workpiece, and then removing the workpiece from the printing equipment 1; c) The workpiece is sent into a heating furnace 2 from the direction shown in fig. 2 for heat treatment, the temperature is slowly increased to 160-240 ℃ and kept for 2 hours, then the temperature is increased to 370-400 ℃ and kept for 24 hours, the heating furnace 2 is closed for heating operation, external circulation ventilation is started, the heat of the workpiece is slowly released by blowing away high-temperature gas in the furnace body, the workpiece is gradually cooled to 70 ℃, the time consumption in summer is reduced by 8 hours, about 5-6 hours in winter, the furnace door of the heating furnace 2 is opened after completion, the workpiece is cooled to room temperature by air, and the workpiece is taken out after cooling is completed. If laser marking is used for printing the product, as shown in fig. 3, the surface of the product is damaged to cause stress concentration, and the mechanical properties of the product are affected. The high-temperature ink is used for printing, such as jesby ink, S75-01, high-temperature glass ink and high-temperature ink has the characteristic of high temperature resistance, clear printing can be kept in a heat treatment process, the dot gain rate is small, the high-temperature ink and the surface of a workpiece are subjected to oxidation reaction while internal stress of the workpiece is eliminated through the heat treatment process, so that the workpiece is cured, after finished products, product information is clear and cannot influence the surface of the workpiece unless the surface of the workpiece is damaged, the product information cannot be influenced, the definition of the information or the retention time limit is greatly improved, the quality and the service life of the workpiece are also improved, meanwhile, the heat treatment time is shortened to a certain extent, the economic benefit can be ensured, the production efficiency of the product is improved, and the quality difference of the product is not large.
The temperature is raised to 160-240 ℃ for the first time, and in the temperature range, the internal stress of the hard alloy is slowly released, so that the effect of eliminating residual stress is achieved, the higher hardness and wear resistance of the hard alloy can be maintained, but the effect of releasing stress cannot be achieved when the temperature is too low; the temperature is raised to 370 ℃ to 400 ℃ for the second time, the high-temperature ink is not volatilized and oxidized with the surface of the workpiece in the temperature interval, the high-temperature ink and the workpiece are not fully reacted when the temperature is lower than 370 ℃, the printed product information can be dissolved by chemical reagents, on the one hand, the metal ink patterns are easily formed in the unprinted area of the surface of the product, on the other hand, the workpiece is dark after tempering, the metal luster is lacked, the product information is relatively unclear, on the other hand, the metallographic structure of the hard alloy is easily changed slightly, the roughness of the surface of the workpiece is possibly changed, and other changes affecting the mechanical property are possibly caused.
After step b) is completed, the printing of the high-temperature ink is observed after the high-temperature ink is dried before step c), if the high-temperature ink meets the standard, the surface of the workpiece is clearly printed as shown in fig. 4, step c) is executed, if the high-temperature ink does not meet the standard, the high-temperature ink is required to be cleaned by using an organic solvent as shown in fig. 5, and step a) is executed again after the cleaning is completed. After the ink is dried, whether the high-temperature ink is flat or not after being printed on the surface of the workpiece is convenient to observe, whether multiple layers or waves exist or not is ensured, printing information before the ink is fed into the heating furnace 2 is clearly visible, otherwise, unclear product information after the ink is heated is difficult to remove, and the processing cost is increased.
As shown in fig. 1, in step b), it is necessary to check whether the reserve of the high-temperature ink is sufficient or not before each operation of the printing apparatus 1, and if not, it is necessary to add the high-temperature ink in time. When the condition of insufficient high-temperature ink appears, the printed workpiece product information is easy to be unclear, the phenomenon that the whole batch of workpieces need to be reworked and reprinted is caused, the waste of the high-temperature ink and the organic solvent is easy to be caused, the working procedures are also wasted, the processing cost is improved, and the economic benefit is reduced.
Claims (4)
1. The hard alloy workpiece surface printing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) Placing a batch of workpieces on printing equipment;
b) Adding high-temperature ink into the printing equipment, starting the printing equipment, printing product information on the surface of a workpiece, and then taking the workpiece off the printing equipment;
c) Feeding the workpiece into a heating furnace for heat treatment, and taking out the workpiece after the heat treatment is finished;
In the step c), after the workpiece is sent into a heating furnace, the temperature is raised to T1, the temperature is kept for 2-8 hours, then the temperature is continuously raised to T2, the temperature is kept for 20-32 hours, and then the whole heating furnace is cooled to finish tempering operation;
In the step c), the temperature T1 ranges from 100 ℃ to 240 ℃; the temperature T2 ranges from 370 ℃ to 450 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the step b) is completed, the step c) is performed after waiting for the high temperature ink to dry before the step c) is performed, and then observing whether the printed high temperature ink meets the standard, if so, performing the step c), and if not, re-performing the step a).
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after the step b) is completed, if the printed high temperature ink is found to be out of the standard, the high temperature ink is cleaned by an organic solvent, and after the cleaning, the step a) is performed again.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step b), the high temperature ink is checked for sufficient reserve before each operation of the printing apparatus, and if insufficient, the high temperature ink is added in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210608183.XA CN115139675B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210608183.XA CN115139675B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115139675A CN115139675A (en) | 2022-10-04 |
| CN115139675B true CN115139675B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
Family
ID=83406300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210608183.XA Active CN115139675B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115139675B (en) |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB695153A (en) * | 1951-05-07 | 1953-08-05 | High Duty Alloys Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of aluminium alloys |
| GB8322406D0 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1983-09-21 | Hss Sands & Eng Ltd | Metal coating and marking processes |
| CN1930311A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-03-14 | 普尔曼工业公司 | Method and apparatus for the continuous fabrication of shaped metal articles |
| CN102390192A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-28 | 上海宝钢包装股份有限公司 | UV printing and coating process for metal lettering cover |
| CN102394156A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-28 | 天津德芃科技集团有限公司 | Fluoroplastic electric wire and cable surface lettering method and device |
| CN103730056A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-04-16 | 立德高科(北京)数码科技有限责任公司 | Anti-counterfeit mark printed on surface of metal |
| JP2015129229A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-16 | 株式会社ナード研究所 | Ink for high temperature |
| CN104890362A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 山东泰山华岳玻璃有限公司 | Glass deep machining process allowing secondary machining and colorfast patterns |
| CN108527868A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-09-14 | 东莞远铸智能科技有限公司 | The heat treatment method of 3D printing workpiece |
| CN112457706A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-09 | 宁波恒浩广新型电子材料有限公司 | Heat dissipation ink, preparation method and preparation method of heat dissipation shielding case |
| CN114228361A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Coding method for digital identification |
| CN114407571A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 蚌埠权盛机械制造有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-temperature sintered glass decorative picture |
-
2022
- 2022-05-31 CN CN202210608183.XA patent/CN115139675B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB695153A (en) * | 1951-05-07 | 1953-08-05 | High Duty Alloys Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of aluminium alloys |
| GB8322406D0 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1983-09-21 | Hss Sands & Eng Ltd | Metal coating and marking processes |
| CN1930311A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-03-14 | 普尔曼工业公司 | Method and apparatus for the continuous fabrication of shaped metal articles |
| CN102390192A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-28 | 上海宝钢包装股份有限公司 | UV printing and coating process for metal lettering cover |
| CN102394156A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-28 | 天津德芃科技集团有限公司 | Fluoroplastic electric wire and cable surface lettering method and device |
| CN103730056A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-04-16 | 立德高科(北京)数码科技有限责任公司 | Anti-counterfeit mark printed on surface of metal |
| JP2015129229A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-16 | 株式会社ナード研究所 | Ink for high temperature |
| CN104890362A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 山东泰山华岳玻璃有限公司 | Glass deep machining process allowing secondary machining and colorfast patterns |
| CN108527868A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-09-14 | 东莞远铸智能科技有限公司 | The heat treatment method of 3D printing workpiece |
| CN112457706A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-09 | 宁波恒浩广新型电子材料有限公司 | Heat dissipation ink, preparation method and preparation method of heat dissipation shielding case |
| CN114228361A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Coding method for digital identification |
| CN114407571A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 蚌埠权盛机械制造有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-temperature sintered glass decorative picture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115139675A (en) | 2022-10-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7695556B2 (en) | Ink for printing data carrying mark on honeycomb structures | |
| CN115139675B (en) | Hard alloy workpiece surface printing method | |
| CN110592573A (en) | Chemical passivation process method for copper and copper alloy thin-wall parts | |
| US20080055348A1 (en) | System and method for printing data carrying mark on honeycomb structures | |
| EP0294558B1 (en) | Method for treating stainless steel surface by high temperature oxidation | |
| CN110773700A (en) | Aluminum oxide ceramic core easy to remove from hollow blade and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108277453B (en) | High-chromium micro-deformation cold stamping die surface chromium-vanadium co-infiltration treatment method | |
| CN113315862B (en) | 3D anti-dazzle glass, preparation method thereof and mobile phone cover plate | |
| CN115338277A (en) | Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy material with bright gold yellow surface and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2010265124A (en) | Heat-treatment method of glass optical member and method for manufacturing glass optical element | |
| WO2015026169A1 (en) | Method for preparing high hardness material having logo, text, or pattern | |
| CN111945102A (en) | Method for preparing oxide film on surface of metal tantalum and application thereof | |
| JPH08245230A (en) | Quartz glass product for semiconductor production process and its production | |
| CN115323376B (en) | Enamel processing method using copper-clad oxide layer | |
| CN1270393C (en) | Method for processnig column type stainless steel lithium cell outer case | |
| CN108558445A (en) | A kind of oxide nano rare earth is coated to the method for Ceramic glaze | |
| JPH09152391A (en) | Method for working specimen for analyzing component in steel | |
| CN114345939A (en) | High-precision high-performance molybdenum strip and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109748512A (en) | The production method of etch printing glass | |
| JP2010118090A (en) | Holding tool, method of manufacturing glass substrate for recording medium, and method of manufacturing recording medium | |
| CN112730003B (en) | Metallographic corrosion method for delta-ferrite in 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel continuous casting billet | |
| CN114772911B (en) | Anti-glare glass, manufacturing method thereof and electronic equipment | |
| GB2117374A (en) | Process for annealing steel strip | |
| CN112512223B (en) | Circuit forming method of circuit board | |
| CN102189120A (en) | Supplementary heating method for low plastic metal plate band |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |