CN115138644B - Laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc - Google Patents
Laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc Download PDFInfo
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- CN115138644B CN115138644B CN202210831618.7A CN202210831618A CN115138644B CN 115138644 B CN115138644 B CN 115138644B CN 202210831618 A CN202210831618 A CN 202210831618A CN 115138644 B CN115138644 B CN 115138644B
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc, which comprises a loading and unloading mechanism, a robot grabbing mechanism, a brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism and a laser cleaning mechanism, wherein the robot grabbing mechanism is arranged between the loading and unloading mechanism and the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism comprises a rotary workbench module and a clamping and overturning module, the laser cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning head module, a polishing module and a cleaning and moving module, and the cleaning head module and the polishing module clean and polish the brake disc on the rotary workbench module. According to the invention, a robot is used for whole-course grabbing and feeding, a rotary workbench module is arranged at a cleaning station to drive a brake disc to rotate, and a clamping and overturning module is arranged to realize clamping and overturning of the brake disc, and a laser cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the upper surface and the mounting surface of the brake disc and mechanically polishing mounting holes and key grooves, so that the cleaning efficiency is improved without damaging a base material, the personal safety of operators is fully protected, the noise is low, and the environment-friendly requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cleaning, and particularly relates to a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc.
Background
In the field of railway locomotives, the cleaning of locomotive brake discs is often involved, the traditional locomotive brake disc cleaning adopts mechanical polishing, various polishing tools are needed to be manually used for polishing, and the traditional cleaning mode has the following defects: (1) high labor intensity of workers; (2) loud noise is generated in the polishing process; (3) Many metal dust can be generated, and the long-term operation can harm the health of workers; (4) Uneven polishing is easy to damage the base material of the locomotive brake disc, and the quality of the brake disc is affected. Therefore, the conventional cleaning mode cannot meet the requirements of the locomotive brake disc cleaning market.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc, which can at least solve part of defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc, includes unloading mechanism, robot snatchs mechanism, brake disc washs positioning mechanism and laser cleaning mechanism, the robot snatchs the mechanism and arranges in last unloading mechanism and brake disc washs between the positioning mechanism, brake disc washs positioning mechanism and laser cleaning mechanism and is located the washing station, brake disc washs positioning mechanism including drive brake disc horizontal plane pivoted rotary table module and to the tight upset module that presss from both sides of clamp of brake disc, laser cleaning mechanism includes cleaning head module, the module of polishing and drives the cleaning removal module that cleaning head module and the module of polishing removed, cleaning head module and the module of polishing wash and polish the brake disc on the rotary table module.
Further, go up unloading mechanism and include material loading subassembly and unloading subassembly, material loading subassembly and unloading subassembly are located the both sides that the robot snatched the mechanism respectively, material loading subassembly and unloading subassembly all include work or material rest, tray main part, gag lever post, limit for height support and infrared sensor, the tray main part is arranged in the work or material rest inboard, the gag lever post has 4, sets up respectively on the four corners of tray main part for it is spacing to the brake disc in the tray main part, limit for height support installs on the work or material rest, is located tray main part one side, infrared sensor installs on limit for height support for detect the quantity of brake disc in the tray main part.
Further, the robot snatchs the mechanism and includes robot base, manipulator and snatchs the piece, the manipulator is installed on the robot base, snatch the piece and install in the expansion end of manipulator, control the manipulator through the controller of manipulator and drive and snatch the piece and carry the brake disc according to predetermineeing the motion route, snatch and be equipped with the electro-magnet that contains inductive switch on the piece.
Further, the rotary workbench module comprises a fixed seat, a rotary driving motor and an air chuck, wherein the rotary driving motor is connected with the air chuck through a hollow rotary platform and drives the air chuck to rotate, and the hollow rotary platform is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat.
Further, press from both sides tight upset module and include clamp module base, a pair of clamp plate subassembly, first drive assembly, second drive assembly and upset drive assembly, clamp module base sets up in rotary worktable module below, two clamp plate subassembly sliding connection is on clamp module base, and two clamp plate subassembly symmetry respectively is located rotary worktable module outside, first drive assembly with clamp plate subassembly is connected for drive clamp plate subassembly moves along clamp module base length direction, with clamp/loosen the brake disc on the rotary worktable module, clamp plate subassembly includes arc splint and splint support, splint support perpendicular to clamp module base installs, upset drive assembly is connected with arc splint, drive arc splint rotary motion, second drive assembly and upset drive assembly are all installed on the splint support, and second drive assembly is connected with upset drive assembly, drive upset drive assembly drives arc splint and goes up and down the motion together.
Further, the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly comprise a motor speed reducer group and a gear rack group, the overturning driving assembly comprises an overturning driving motor and a ocean wave tooth rotating table, the ocean wave tooth rotating table is perpendicular to the clamp plate support, the arc clamp plates are arranged on the ocean wave tooth rotating table, the overturning driving motor is connected with the ocean wave tooth rotating table, and the ocean wave tooth rotating table is driven to rotate around the axis line of the ocean wave tooth rotating table so as to drive the arc clamp plates to rotate.
Further, the cleaning head module comprises a laser cleaning single machine and a laser cleaning head, the polishing module comprises a straight head polishing machine and an elbow polishing machine, a hole polishing steel wire brush is arranged below the straight head polishing machine, the elbow polishing machine is connected with a key groove steel wire brush, and the laser cleaning head, the straight head polishing machine and the elbow polishing machine are all arranged on the connecting frame;
the cleaning and moving module comprises a cleaning module base, a cleaning and moving support, a third driving assembly and a linear module, wherein the cleaning module base is located on one side of the rotary workbench module, the cleaning and moving support and the third driving assembly are arranged on the cleaning module base and are connected with the cleaning and moving support, the cleaning and moving support is driven to horizontally move on the cleaning module base, the linear module and the connecting frame are both arranged on the cleaning and moving support, the linear module is connected with the connecting frame, and the connecting frame drives the cleaning and moving support to move up and down through the linear module.
Further, the laser cleaning system further comprises a secondary positioning assembly, wherein the secondary positioning assembly is positioned between the robot grabbing mechanism and the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism; the secondary positioning assembly comprises a secondary positioning rack, an air cylinder, a push rod and a baffle, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged on the secondary positioning rack side by side, the push rod and the baffle are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the secondary positioning rack, and the air cylinder is connected with the push rod.
Further, the laser cleaning system further comprises a peripheral protective fence, and the feeding and discharging mechanism, the robot grabbing mechanism, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism and the laser cleaning mechanism are all placed in an area surrounded by the peripheral protective fence.
Further, the laser cleaning system further comprises a dust remover, wherein the dust remover is arranged on the cleaning station and is used for removing dust generated in the laser cleaning and polishing process of the brake disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the laser cleaning system for the locomotive brake disc, provided by the invention, the robot is used for gripping loading and unloading in the whole process, the rotary workbench module is arranged at the cleaning station to drive the brake disc to rotate, meanwhile, the clamping overturning module is arranged to realize clamping overturning of the brake disc, and the laser cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the upper surface and the bottom mounting surface of the brake disc, and mechanically polishing the mounting holes and the key grooves, so that the cleaning efficiency is greatly improved under the condition of not damaging a base material, the personal safety of operators is fully protected, the noise is low, and the environment-friendly requirement is met.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout view of a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading mechanism in the laser cleaning system for locomotive brake discs of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a robotic grasping mechanism in a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a secondary positioning assembly of the laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a layout view of a brake disc cleaning positioning mechanism and laser cleaning mechanism in a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotary table module for a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a clamp rollover module for use in a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cleaning movement module in a laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cleaning head module and sanding module installation of the laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a rear view of the cleaning head module and sanding module of the laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a peripheral protective fence; 2. a loading and unloading mechanism; 3. a robot gripping mechanism; 4. a dust remover; 5. a secondary positioning component; 6. a rotary table module; 7. a laser cleaning mechanism; 8. a clamping overturning module; 9. a laser cleaning single machine; 10. a feeding assembly; 11. a blanking assembly; 12. a material rack; 13. a tray main body; 14. a brake disc; 15. a height limiting bracket; 16. an infrared sensor; 17. a limit rod; 18. a robot base; 19. a manipulator; 20. a gripping member; 21. a secondary positioning rack; 22. a roller; 23. a cylinder; 24. a push rod; 25. a baffle; 26. clamping a module base; 27. a cleat assembly; 28. cleaning a module base; 29. cleaning the polishing assembly; 30. a fixing seat; 31. a rotary drive motor; 32. an air chuck; 33. a claw; 34. an air duct; 35. a first drive assembly; 36. a second drive assembly; 37. a splint support; 38. an arc clamping plate; 39. a flip drive assembly; 40. a third drive assembly; 41. cleaning the movable support; 42. a linear module; 43. a connecting frame; 44. cleaning the head by laser; 45. straight head grinding machine; 46. a step sensor; 47. grinding the hole and brushing the steel wire; 48. positioning a sensor; 49. elbow polisher; 50. a keyway wire brush.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or by an abutting connection or integrally connected; the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality", "a number" or "a plurality" is two or more.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc, including last unloading mechanism 2, robot snatch mechanism 3, brake disc washs positioning mechanism and laser cleaning mechanism 7, robot snatch mechanism 3 arranges between last unloading mechanism 2 and brake disc washs positioning mechanism, brake disc washs positioning mechanism and laser cleaning mechanism 7 and is located the cleaning station, brake disc washs positioning mechanism and includes the rotary table module 6 that drives brake disc horizontal plane pivoted and the tight upset module 8 that presss from both sides tight turn-over to the brake disc, laser cleaning mechanism 7 includes cleaning head module, the module of polishing and drives the cleaning removal module that cleaning head module and polishing removed, cleaning head module and polishing module wash and polish the brake disc on the rotary table module 6. In the working process, firstly, a brake disc to be cleaned is manually conveyed to a feeding station of an upper blanking mechanism 2, a robot grabbing mechanism 3 grabs and conveys the brake disc to be cleaned on the feeding station of the upper blanking mechanism 2 to a rotary workbench module 6 on a brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism according to a set path, a laser cleaning mechanism 7 is controlled to carry out laser cleaning and polishing on the upper surface of the brake disc to be cleaned, in the process, the rotary workbench module 6 drives the brake disc to rotate, cleaning of all positions of the upper surface of the brake disc is ensured, after the upper surface of the brake disc is cleaned, a clamping turnover module 8 starts to work, the brake disc on the rotary workbench module 6 is clamped and turned over, so that the lower surface (namely a mounting surface) of the brake disc faces upwards, a laser cleaning mechanism 7 is controlled to carry out laser cleaning and polishing on the mounting surface of the brake disc, in the working process of a cleaning head module and a polishing module, the cleaning head module and the polishing module can be driven to move up and down to adjust the distance between the cleaning head module and the brake disc to be cleaned, after the cleaning of a brake disc workpiece is completed, the workpiece is placed on the rotary workbench module 6 again, and the clamping turnover module 8 is clamped to the rotary workbench module 6 is placed on the rotary turnover module to face of the rotary workbench module 6, so that the lower surface of the brake disc is convenient to grab the machine; after cleaning, the robot grabbing mechanism 3 grabs and carries the cleaned brake disc to a blanking station of the upper blanking mechanism 2; and repeating the process to realize full-automatic laser cleaning of the locomotive brake disc. This kind of a laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc that this embodiment provided uses robot whole journey to snatch the unloading, sets up swivel work head module 6 at the cleaning station and drives the brake disc rotation, sets up the centre gripping turn-over that presss from both sides tight upset module 8 simultaneously and realizes the brake disc, and upper surface and bottom installation face, the machinery of cleaning the brake disc through laser wiper mechanism 7 polish mounting hole and keyway, under the circumstances that does not harm the substrate, has improved cleaning efficiency greatly, fully protects operating personnel personal safety, and the noise is little and satisfies the environmental protection requirement.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the loading and unloading mechanism 2 includes a loading assembly 10 and an unloading assembly 11, the loading assembly 10 and the unloading assembly 11 are respectively located at two sides of the robot gripping mechanism 3, the loading assembly 10 and the unloading assembly 11 each include a material frame 12, a tray main body 13, a limit rod 17, a height-limiting support 15 and an infrared sensor 16, wherein the material frame 12 is fixed at a specified position through an expansion bolt, the tray main body 13 is placed at a specified position inside the material frame 12, the brake discs 14 are stacked on the tray main body 13, 4 limit rods 17 are respectively arranged at four corners of the tray main body 13 and used for limiting the brake discs 14 on the tray main body 13, the height-limiting support 15 is mounted on the material frame 12 and located at one side of the tray main body 13, and the infrared sensor 16 is mounted on the height-limiting support 15 and used for detecting the number of the brake discs 14 on the tray main body 13. In the feeding process, firstly, a brake disc 14 to be cleaned is fed onto a tray main body 13 manually, the tray main body 13 and the brake disc 14 to be cleaned carried by the tray main body are conveyed to a designated position of a material frame 12 by using a ground flow, and then the brake disc 14 to be cleaned on the tray main body 13 is grabbed and conveyed to a brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism by a robot grabbing mechanism 3 for laser cleaning; optimally, bearings can be arranged on the four sides of the four corners of the tray main body 13, the tray main body 13 can roll along the inner side of the material frame 12, and the tray main body 13 can be conveniently transported in place, and meanwhile, a sensor can be arranged on the side of the material frame 12 so as to detect whether the tray main body 13 is transported in place. In the blanking process, the robot grabbing mechanism 3 grabs and carries the brake disc 14 after the cleaning is completed onto the tray main body 13 of the blanking assembly 11. In this embodiment, two tray main bodies 13 are placed on the material rack 12 each time, so as to ensure uninterrupted feeding and discharging processes, the number of workpieces of the brake disc 14 carried by each tray main body 13 is not more than 16, otherwise, the machine is stopped in a warning manner.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the robot gripping mechanism 3 includes a robot base 18, a manipulator 19 and a gripping member 20, where the manipulator 19 is mounted on the robot base 18, the gripping member 20 is mounted on a movable end of the manipulator 19, the manipulator 19 is controlled by a controller of the manipulator 19 to drive the gripping member 20 to carry the brake disc 14 according to a preset motion path, an electromagnet (not labeled in the drawing) including an inductive switch is disposed on the gripping member 20, the manipulator 19 grips a workpiece of the brake disc 14 according to a preset track, and after the electromagnet contacts the surface of the workpiece, the electromagnet still continuously presses down until the inductive switch is triggered, and the electromagnet is electrified to firmly suck the workpiece and execute the subsequent actions.
Optimally, in order to eliminate the stacking error of the brake disc 14 manually and ensure the smooth proceeding of the subsequent process, the laser cleaning system further comprises a secondary positioning assembly 5, wherein the secondary positioning assembly 5 is positioned between the robot grabbing mechanism 3 and the brake disc cleaning positioning mechanism, and the brake disc 14 to be cleaned is precisely positioned through the secondary positioning assembly 5 before the brake disc 14 is conveyed to the cleaning station. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the secondary positioning assembly 5 includes a secondary positioning rack 21, an air cylinder 23, a push rod 24 and a baffle 25, wherein a plurality of rollers 22 are arranged on the secondary positioning rack 21 side by side, the push rod 24 and the baffle 25 are respectively installed on two opposite sides of the secondary positioning rack 21, the air cylinder 23 is connected with the push rod 24, the air cylinder 23 is ventilated to drive the push rod 24 to push the brake disc 14 to be cleaned to roll on the rollers 22 until the brake disc 14 to be cleaned abuts against the baffle 25, and the secondary positioning of the workpiece to be cleaned is completed.
As shown in fig. 6, a specific implementation of the brake disc cleaning positioning mechanism and the laser cleaning mechanism of the cleaning station in this embodiment is refined, on the cleaning station, the brake disc cleaning positioning mechanism completes the carrying and turning of the workpiece to be cleaned, and the cleaning and polishing assembly 29 composed of the cleaning head module and the polishing module completes the cleaning and polishing actions of the workpiece to be cleaned. Specifically, the structure of the rotary table module 6 is shown in fig. 7, and the rotary table module comprises a fixing seat 30, a rotary driving motor 31 and a pneumatic chuck 32, wherein the rotary driving motor 31 is connected with the pneumatic chuck 32 through a hollow rotary table, and drives the pneumatic chuck 32 to rotate, and specifically, the hollow rotary table is fixedly installed on the fixing seat 30, the lower part of the hollow rotary table is connected with the rotary driving motor 31, and the upper part of the hollow rotary table is connected with the pneumatic chuck 32. The robot grabbing mechanism 3 places the workpiece of the brake disc 14 to be cleaned after the secondary positioning on the table surface of the air chuck 32, the air chuck 32 is ventilated, the claw 33 of the workpiece stretches out until the inner ring edge of the brake disc 14 to be cleaned is clamped, the fixation of the brake disc 14 to be cleaned is completed, and the air chuck 32 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving motor 31, so that the brake disc 14 to be cleaned is driven to rotate.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the clamping and overturning module 8 includes a clamping module base 26, a pair of clamping plate assemblies 27, a first driving assembly 35, a second driving assembly 36 and an overturning driving assembly 39, wherein the clamping module base 26 is transversely arranged below the rotary table module 6, two clamping plate assemblies 27 are slidably connected to the clamping module base 26, and the two clamping plate assemblies 27 are symmetrically arranged outside the rotary table module 6, and the first driving assembly 35 is connected with the clamping plate assemblies 27 and is used for driving the clamping plate assemblies 27 to move along the length direction of the clamping module base 26 so as to clamp/loosen the brake disc 14 on the rotary table module 6; the clamping plate assembly 27 comprises an arc clamping plate 38 and a clamping plate support 37, the clamping plate support 37 is perpendicular to the clamping module base 26, the arc clamping plate 38 is connected to the overturning driving assembly 39, the arc clamping plate 38 is driven to rotate through the overturning driving assembly 39, the second driving assembly 36 and the overturning driving assembly 39 are both mounted on the clamping plate support 37, the second driving assembly 36 is connected with the overturning driving assembly 39, and the second driving assembly 36 drives the overturning driving assembly 36 to move up and down, so that the arc clamping plate 38 is driven to move up and down together. After the upper surface and the mounting hole of the brake disc 14 on the rotary table module 6 are cleaned and polished, the three shafts of the clamping turnover module 8 are matched with each other, the first driving assembly 35 drives the two clamping plate assemblies 27 to horizontally approach the rotary table module 6, and the second driving assembly 36 drives the turnover driving assembly 39 to move up and down, so that the arc clamping plate 38 is driven to vertically approach the rotary table module 6, the arc clamping plate 38 can accurately clamp the brake disc 14 on the rotary table module 6 through the adjustment of the positions in the horizontal and vertical directions, and then the turnover driving assembly 39 drives the arc clamping plate 38 to drive the brake disc 14 to rotate, so that the brake disc 14 is turned over, and the mounting surface of the lower surface and a polished key groove are continuously cleaned; in order to avoid collision with the rotary table module 6 in the process of turning over the brake disc 14, after the arc-shaped clamping plate 38 clamps the brake disc 14, the second driving assembly 36 drives the turning driving assembly 39 to drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 38 to move upwards for a certain distance, and the turning driving assembly 39 drives the arc-shaped clamping plate 38 to rotate again. Similarly, after the cleaning process of the workpiece of the brake disc 14 is completed, the clamping and overturning module 8 is used for overturning the workpiece and placing the workpiece on the rotary workbench module 6 again, so that the front of the workpiece faces upwards, and the workpiece is convenient for a robot to grasp.
Specifically, the first driving assembly 35 and the second driving assembly 36 each include a motor speed reducer unit and a rack-and-pinion unit, and the motor speed reducer unit drives the rack-and-pinion units of the rack-and-pinion units to perform relative movement, so as to drive the corresponding mechanism to move correspondingly, that is, the rack-and-pinion unit of the first driving assembly 35 moves to drive the clamping plate assembly 27 to move along the length direction of the clamping module base 26, and the rack-and-pinion unit of the second driving assembly 36 moves to drive the arc clamping plate 38 to move freely up and down along the height direction. The turnover driving assembly 39 comprises a turnover driving motor and a ocean wave tooth rotating table, the ocean wave tooth rotating table is perpendicular to the clamping plate support 37, the arc clamping plate 38 is installed on the ocean wave tooth rotating table, the turnover driving motor is connected with the ocean wave tooth rotating table, and the ocean wave tooth rotating table is driven to rotate around the axis line of the ocean wave tooth rotating table to drive the arc clamping plate 38 to rotate.
For one specific embodiment of the laser cleaning mechanism, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the cleaning head module includes a laser cleaning unit 9 and a laser cleaning head 44, the polishing module includes a straight head polishing machine 45 and an elbow polishing machine 49, a hole polishing wire brush 47 is disposed below the straight head polishing machine 45, the elbow polishing machine 49 is connected with a key slot wire brush 50, and the laser cleaning head 44, the straight head polishing machine 45 and the elbow polishing machine 49 are all installed on the connecting frame 43. As shown in fig. 9, the cleaning moving module comprises a cleaning module base 28, a cleaning moving support 41, a third driving assembly 40 and a linear module 42, the cleaning module base 28 is longitudinally arranged on one side of the rotary table module 6, the cleaning moving support 41 and the third driving assembly 40 are both arranged on the cleaning module base 28, the third driving assembly 40 is connected with the cleaning moving support 41, the cleaning moving support 41 is driven to horizontally move on the cleaning module base 28, the connecting frame 43 is connected with the cleaning moving support 41 through the linear module 42, and the connecting frame 43 is driven to vertically move on the cleaning moving support 41 through the linear module 42. When the upper surface of the brake disc 14 is cleaned, the cleaning moving support 41 is driven to horizontally approach the rotary workbench module 6 through the third driving assembly 40, namely the laser cleaning head 44 is driven to horizontally approach the brake disc 14 to be cleaned, meanwhile, the laser cleaning head 44 is driven to vertically approach the brake disc 14 to be cleaned through the linear module 42, the laser cleaning head 44 is enabled to carry out laser cleaning on the upper surface of the brake disc 14 at a preset position through adjusting the horizontal and vertical positions of the laser cleaning head 44, after the laser cleaning of the upper surface of the brake disc 14 is finished, the cleaning moving module adjusts the relative positions of the straight head grinding machine 45 and the upper surface mounting hole of the brake disc 14 in the grinding module, and after the position adjustment is finished, the straight head grinding machine 45 is ventilated to drive the hole grinding steel wire brush 47 to rotate at a high speed, and meanwhile, the grinding module moves downwards to automatically grind the mounting hole of the brake disc 14; preferably, a positioning sensor 48 may be provided on the connection frame 43 for positioning the mounting hole on the brake disc 14 to precisely grind the mounting hole. After the laser cleaning and polishing of the upper surface of the brake disc 14 are completed, the three shafts of the clamping and overturning module 8 are mutually matched, the workpiece of the brake disc 14 is overturned, the mounting surface of the lower surface of the brake disc 14 and the polishing key slot are continuously cleaned, in the process, the adjusting process of the cleaning moving module for the horizontal and vertical direction positions of the laser cleaning head 44 and the polishing module is consistent with the adjusting process of the cleaning process of the upper surface of the brake disc 14, the elbow polisher 49 ventilates to drive the key slot steel wire brush 50 to rotate at a high speed, and the polishing module moves downwards to automatically polish the key slot of the brake disc 14; preferably, a step sensor 46 may be provided on one side of the spline wire brush 50 for locating the spline on the mounting surface of the brake disk 14 for precise sharpening of the spline. The third driving assembly 40 may also use a motor speed reducer to drive the gear and rack of the gear-rack set to make a relative motion, so as to drive the cleaning moving bracket 41 to move.
Further, in order to ensure the working environment of workers, the laser cleaning system of the embodiment further comprises a dust remover 4, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the dust remover 4 is arranged on the cleaning station and is used for removing dust generated in the laser cleaning and polishing process of the brake disc. Optimally, an air pipe 34 can be arranged on the rotary workbench module 6 close to the laser cleaning head to follow the air suction, and smoke dust generated during cleaning can be timely treated.
Further, in order to fully protect personal safety of operators, as shown in fig. 1, the laser cleaning system of the embodiment further includes a peripheral protective fence 1, and the feeding and discharging mechanism 2, the robot grabbing mechanism 3, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism, the laser cleaning mechanism 7 and the like are all placed in an area surrounded by the peripheral protective fence 1.
In summary, the laser cleaning system for the locomotive brake disc provided by the invention is controlled by a program, and the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis and the rotating shaft of each module independently move, so that full-automatic feeding and discharging, carrying, cleaning and polishing are realized; the focal length can be automatically detected and adjusted, so that the cleaning quality is ensured; the cleaning process has no grinding, non-contact and no thermal effect, the cleaning is uniform, the substrate is not damaged, and the function requirement of the locomotive brake disc is ensured; the positions of the mounting holes and the key grooves of the locomotive brake disc can be accurately detected, and polishing is accurate; the dust removing system is provided, so that the dust is removed timely and effectively, and the working environment of workers is ensured.
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all designs that are the same or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A laser cleaning system for a locomotive brake disc, characterized by: the automatic cleaning and polishing device comprises a loading and unloading mechanism, a robot grabbing mechanism, a brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism and a laser cleaning mechanism, wherein the robot grabbing mechanism is arranged between the loading and unloading mechanism and the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism and the laser cleaning mechanism are positioned on a cleaning station, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism comprises a rotary workbench module for driving a brake disc to rotate in a horizontal plane and a clamping and overturning module for clamping and overturning the brake disc, the laser cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning head module, a polishing module and a cleaning and moving module for driving the cleaning head module and the polishing module to move, and the cleaning head module and the polishing module clean and polish the brake disc on the rotary workbench module;
the rotary workbench module comprises a fixed seat, a rotary driving motor and an air chuck, wherein the rotary driving motor is connected with the air chuck through a hollow rotary platform and drives the air chuck to rotate, and the hollow rotary platform is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat; the clamping jaws of the pneumatic chuck clamp the inner ring edge of the brake disc; an air pipe is arranged on the rotary workbench module close to the cleaning head module;
the clamping turnover module comprises a clamping module base, a pair of clamping plate assemblies, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly and a turnover driving assembly, wherein the clamping module base is arranged below the rotary workbench module, the two clamping plate assemblies are connected to the clamping module base in a sliding manner, the two clamping plate assemblies are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the rotary workbench module, the first driving assembly is connected with the clamping plate assemblies and used for driving the clamping plate assemblies to move along the length direction of the clamping module base so as to clamp/loosen a brake disc on the rotary workbench module, the clamping plate assemblies comprise arc clamping plates and clamping plate supports, the clamping plate supports are perpendicular to the clamping module base and are connected with the arc clamping plates to drive the arc clamping plates to rotate, and the second driving assembly and the turnover driving assembly are arranged on the clamping plate supports and are connected with the turnover driving assembly to drive the arc clamping plates to move up and down together;
the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a feeding assembly and a discharging assembly, the feeding assembly and the discharging assembly are respectively located at two sides of the robot grabbing mechanism, the feeding assembly and the discharging assembly comprise a material rack, a tray main body, limiting rods, a height limiting support and infrared sensors, the tray main body is arranged at the inner side of the material rack, the limiting rods are respectively arranged at four corners of the tray main body and used for limiting brake discs on the tray main body, the height limiting support is arranged on the material rack and located at one side of the tray main body, and the infrared sensors are arranged on the height limiting support and used for detecting the number of the brake discs on the tray main body;
the cleaning head module comprises a laser cleaning single machine and a laser cleaning head, the polishing module comprises a straight head polishing machine and an elbow polishing machine, a hole polishing steel wire brush is arranged below the straight head polishing machine, the elbow polishing machine is connected with a key groove steel wire brush, and the laser cleaning head, the straight head polishing machine and the elbow polishing machine are all arranged on the connecting frame; the cleaning mobile module comprises a cleaning module base, a cleaning mobile support, a third driving assembly and a linear module, wherein the cleaning module base is positioned on one side of the rotary workbench module, the cleaning mobile support and the third driving assembly are arranged on the cleaning module base and are connected with the cleaning mobile support to drive the cleaning mobile support to horizontally move on the cleaning module base, the linear module and the connecting frame are both arranged on the cleaning mobile support and are connected with the connecting frame, and the connecting frame drives the cleaning mobile support to move up and down through the linear module;
the device also comprises a secondary positioning assembly, wherein the secondary positioning assembly is positioned between the robot grabbing mechanism and the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism; the secondary positioning assembly comprises a secondary positioning rack, an air cylinder, a push rod and a baffle, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged on the secondary positioning rack side by side, the push rod and the baffle are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the secondary positioning rack, and the air cylinder is connected with the push rod.
2. The laser cleaning system for locomotive brake discs as in claim 1 wherein: the robot grabbing mechanism comprises a robot base, a manipulator and grabbing pieces, wherein the manipulator is arranged on the robot base, the grabbing pieces are arranged at the movable end of the manipulator, the manipulator is controlled by a controller of the manipulator to drive the grabbing pieces to carry the brake disc according to a preset motion path, and electromagnets containing induction switches are arranged on the grabbing pieces.
3. The laser cleaning system for locomotive brake discs as in claim 1 wherein: the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly comprise a motor speed reducer group and a gear rack group, the overturning driving assembly comprises an overturning driving motor and a ocean wave tooth rotating table, the ocean wave tooth rotating table is perpendicular to the clamp plate support, the arc clamp plates are mounted on the ocean wave tooth rotating table, the overturning driving motor is connected with the ocean wave tooth rotating table, and the ocean wave tooth rotating table is driven to rotate around the axis line of the ocean wave tooth rotating table so as to drive the arc clamp plates to rotate.
4. The laser cleaning system for locomotive brake discs as in claim 1 wherein: the automatic cleaning machine further comprises a peripheral protective fence, and the feeding and discharging mechanism, the robot grabbing mechanism, the brake disc cleaning and positioning mechanism and the laser cleaning mechanism are all placed in an area surrounded by the peripheral protective fence.
5. The laser cleaning system for locomotive brake discs as in claim 1 wherein: still include the dust remover, the dust remover sets up on wasing the station for to brake disc laser cleaning in-process production dust that polishes removes dust.
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| CN202210831618.7A CN115138644B (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210831618.7A CN115138644B (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Laser cleaning system for locomotive brake disc |
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| CN115138644B true CN115138644B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115846094A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-03-28 | 烟台乐泰汽车配件有限公司 | Brake disc conveyor |
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