CN115136957A - 一种食叶草种植用除草剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种食叶草种植用除草剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115136957A
CN115136957A CN202110343082.XA CN202110343082A CN115136957A CN 115136957 A CN115136957 A CN 115136957A CN 202110343082 A CN202110343082 A CN 202110343082A CN 115136957 A CN115136957 A CN 115136957A
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王付生
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Abstract

本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种食叶草种植用除草剂及其制备方法,该除草剂包括以下质量百分比的组分:乙氧氟草醚15‑35%,高效氟吡甲禾灵1‑12%,烯禾啶5‑15%,酰嘧磺隆3‑9%,二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯1.5‑5%,乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷0.2‑2%,有机硅消泡剂0.3‑3%,分散剂1‑5%,溶剂补足100%。本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,配方合理、低毒高效、安全性好,能够有效防除禾本科和阔叶杂草,本发明食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,配制简易、操作安全。

Description

一种食叶草种植用除草剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域,尤其是一种食叶草种植用除草剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
食叶草,又称蛋白草或者氨基酸草,其含蛋白质36%~48.7%,十八种氨基酸总量35.40%、维生素E40.0mg/100g、抗坏血酸47.3mg/100g,富含β-胡罗卜素、叶绿素、大黄素、异黄酮、SOD、硒、钾、钙、铁、锌、磷、镁等微量元素和有益矿物质,具备了人体所需要的营养元素,含量居植物最高,元素居植物最全,是一种高蛋白质、高营养、高产量、高效益的“营养体植物”,具备营养性、食用性、应用性、适应性、产量能等综合性价值的“营养体农业”,可在粮食、食品、保健、药用、养殖、饲料、肥料、改良土壤、环境保护等多元化领域开发与发展。食叶草为多年生草本植物,耐寒、耐旱、耐盐碱、耐贫瘠、耐沙荒,适应各种土壤种植,种植一次几十年不用再种,每亩产鲜草20~40吨(产量与土壤、水源、肥料、气候、田间管理、收割次数有关),根据需要决定收割时间,一般在15~25天左右收割一次,北方每年收割5~7次,南方一年四季种植收获,具有寿命长,速生、产量高、品质优、适应性广、抗逆再生能力强等特性。
目前,通过复混和研发得到广谱、高效、低污染的新型除草剂是杂草防除领域重要的研究方向,复混相比研发新品具有投资小、周期短的优点,更受国内外研究者的重视。除草剂的复混使用是指在除草剂的应用中,将作用类型或有效成分不同的除草剂或助剂按一定的比例混合使用,在保持较高药效的前提下达到扩大杀草谱的效果,不仅能降低对环境的污染,而且在一定程度上可延缓杂草抗药性的产生。现有技术中,食叶草在种植过程中大都是使用蔬菜田常用的除草剂单剂,其杀草谱也有限,不能完全有效控制各种禾本科和阔叶杂草的发生,因此十分有必要科学、有效地开发一种低毒高效、杂草防除效果好的食叶草种植用除草剂,以满足食叶草应用于多元化领域开发与发展需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的情况,提供一种配方合理、低毒高效、杂草防除效果好的食叶草种植用除草剂,并提供一种配制简易、操作安全的食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法。
为了实现上述第一个目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000011
Figure BDA0003000092580000021
作为优选,所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000022
作为优选,所述溶剂为水、乙醇或者乙酸乙酯。
作为优选,所述分散剂为木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸钠或者白炭黑。
本发明所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其应用于防除食叶草田中各种禾本科或阔叶杂草。
为了实现上述第二个目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、分散剂和溶剂;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至30-50℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和分散剂,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
本发明采用以上技术方案,具有以下有益效果:
本发明除草剂中的乙氧氟草醚,是一种低毒、触杀型除草剂,通过抑制原卟啉原氧化酶,在有光的情况下发挥杀草作用,能防除阔叶杂草及某些禾本科杂草,如鸭跖草、稗草、莎草、田菁、雀麦、曼陀罗等,对多年生杂草只有抑制作用。
本发明除草剂中的高效氟吡甲禾灵和烯禾啶,混合成为选择性很强的内吸传导型茎叶处理剂,能够降低或延缓禾本科杂草的抗药性,使其不仅对芦苇、白茅、狗牙根等多年生的顽固禾本科杂草具有卓越的防除效果,而且几乎对所有禾本科杂草具有高活性,但对阔叶杂草无效,对食叶草具有高度安全性。
本发明除草剂中的酰嘧磺隆,属磺酰脲类除草剂,毒性低,杂草叶片吸收药剂后能抑制细胞分裂,使其停止生长而枯死,不仅能有效地防除猪殃殃、播娘蒿、繁缕、牛繁缕、荠菜、野芥菜、田施花、大巢菜、卷茎蓼、离子草、酸模叶蓼、田旋花、苣荬菜、野萝ト等阔叶杂草,而且该药在土壤中残效期短,不影响食叶草生长。此外,酰嘧磺隆能够与高效氟吡甲禾灵和烯禾啶相互协同、扬长补短,在单子叶杂草、双子叶杂草以及莎草科杂草的防除上取得了协同增效效果。
本发明除草剂中的二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯,属于类茉莉酮类化合物,能够在不影响除草剂活性的情况下有效缓解农作物药害,从而减轻除草剂对农作物产生的药害,使用安全性好,对环境危害较轻。
本发明除草剂中的乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷,是一种高效、环保的非离子型表面活性剂,具有良好的润湿性、扩展性、渗透性,并具有发泡、稳泡和抑泡作用,可以明显提高除草剂的利用率和施用效果,降低农药投放量和农药残留。
本发明除草剂中的有机硅消泡剂,施用时须在喷雾器的药桶中最后加入并避免过度搅拌,能够减少泡沫量,消除过量泡沫。
本发明的除草剂,不仅综合了各有效成分的活性特点,通过不同机理杀死各种禾本科和阔叶杂草,减缓了杂草产生抗性的速度,极大提高除草剂的杀草活性,而且综合了各有效成分的杀草谱,具有明显的扩谱增效作用,同时毒性低,安全性高,对环境安全友好,具有一次施用就能防除多种单、双子叶杂草的效果,能够减少用药量和用药次数,降低成本,改善环境和食品安全,有利于食叶草向多元化领域开发与发展。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加简洁明了,本发明用以下具体实施例进行说明,但本发明绝非仅限于这些例子。以下所述仅为本发明较好的实施例,仅仅用于描述本发明,不能理解为对本发明范围的限制。应当指出的是,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000041
作为优选,所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000042
作为优选,所述溶剂为水、乙醇或者乙酸乙酯。
作为优选,所述分散剂为木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸钠或者白炭黑。
本发明所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其应用于防除食叶草田中各种禾本科或阔叶杂草。
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、分散剂和溶剂;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至30-50℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和分散剂,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
作为优选,所述食叶草种植用除草剂的剂型为乳油时,所述乙氧氟草醚为24%乙氧氟草醚乳油;所述高效氟吡甲禾灵为10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油;所述烯禾啶为20%烯禾啶乳油;所述酰嘧磺隆为50%酰嘧磺隆水分散粒剂;所述有机硅消泡剂为
Figure BDA0003000092580000053
水性有机硅消泡剂。
实施例1
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000051
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和木质素磺酸钙;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至30℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和木质素磺酸钙,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
实施例2
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000052
Figure BDA0003000092580000061
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和木质素磺酸钠;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至35℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和木质素磺酸钠,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
实施例3
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000062
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和白炭黑;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至40℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和白炭黑,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
实施例4
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000071
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和白炭黑;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至40℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和白炭黑,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
实施例5
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000072
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和木质素磺酸钙;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至50℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和木质素磺酸钙,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
实施例6
本发明的食叶草种植用除草剂,其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure BDA0003000092580000081
本发明所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、溶剂和木质素磺酸钠;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至30℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和木质素磺酸钠,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
发明人采用实施例1-6中制得的食叶草种植用除草剂进行田间药效试验,其具体情况如下:
供试作物:食叶草;选取的食叶草苗为4-8叶期,植株高3-9mm,长势良好,植株健壮,无病虫害。
防除对象:禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草以及莎草;
试验方法:在相同环境、土壤性质近乎相同的6块试验田和4块对照田上,分别种植相同行距、相同株距、相同数量的食叶草苗;根据试验田面积,按比例称量6份实施例1-6中制得的食叶草种植用除草剂,然后利用背负式喷雾器和除草剂专用的扇形喷头,分别对6块试验田进行均匀喷雾,同时按比例分别称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆除草剂,分别对4块对照田进行除草单剂的均匀喷雾。喷雾时,要注意将药液均匀喷施到试验田或对照田中,做到没有漏喷、多喷的现象;用量均为每亩地有效成分的用量。
试验后分别在施药后10天、20天观察杂草死亡情况,并比较各种药剂的除草活性。此外,还要在药后1-20天内观察食叶草的生长情况,以考察药剂对作物是否有药害。
采用本发明实施例1-6制得的食叶草种植用除草剂施药后10-20天防除杂草的试验效果如下表1所示:
表1施药后10-20天的试验效果
Figure BDA0003000092580000091
从表中试验结果可以看出,与乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆单剂相比,按照本发明配方组分比例及其制备方法制得的食叶草种植用除草剂,产生了增效作用,除草效果要明显高于任意一个单剂,本发明对禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草和莎草都具有显著的防效,增效性显著,扩大了杀草谱,对抗药性较强的杂草也能有效防治,且对食叶草生长发育无影响,没有产生药害。

Claims (6)

1.一种食叶草种植用除草剂,其特征在于:其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure FDA0003000092570000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其特征在于:其包括以下质量百分比的组分:
Figure FDA0003000092570000012
3.根据权利要求1或者2所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其特征在于:所述溶剂为水、乙醇或者乙酸乙酯。
4.根据权利要求1或者2所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其特征在于:所述分散剂为木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸钠或者白炭黑。
5.根据权利要求1或者2所述的食叶草种植用除草剂,其特征在于:其应用于防除食叶草田中各种禾本科或阔叶杂草。
6.根据权利要求1或者2所述食叶草种植用除草剂的制备方法,其特征在于:其包括以下步骤:
1)按照各组分质量百分比,称量乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶、酰嘧磺隆、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷、有机硅消泡剂、分散剂和溶剂;
2)将乙氧氟草醚、高效氟吡甲禾灵、烯禾啶和酰嘧磺隆倒入溶剂中,于常温下搅拌混合均匀,得到一级复配除草剂;
3)将初级复配除草剂升温至30-50℃,加入二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、乙氧基改性聚三硅氧烷和分散剂,搅拌混合均匀,得到二级复配除草剂;
4)将有机硅消泡剂加入二级复配除草剂,搅拌均匀,得到所述的食叶草种植用除草剂。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101410015A (zh) * 2006-03-06 2009-04-15 伊萨罗里斯卡公司 新的协同除草组合物
CN104321317A (zh) * 2012-03-14 2015-01-28 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 杀虫的芳基吡咯烷
CN105792651A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2016-07-20 美国陶氏益农公司 杀虫组合物和与其相关的方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101410015A (zh) * 2006-03-06 2009-04-15 伊萨罗里斯卡公司 新的协同除草组合物
CN104321317A (zh) * 2012-03-14 2015-01-28 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 杀虫的芳基吡咯烷
CN105792651A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2016-07-20 美国陶氏益农公司 杀虫组合物和与其相关的方法

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