CN115133080B - Fuel cell control method and device - Google Patents
Fuel cell control method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115133080B CN115133080B CN202210805861.1A CN202210805861A CN115133080B CN 115133080 B CN115133080 B CN 115133080B CN 202210805861 A CN202210805861 A CN 202210805861A CN 115133080 B CN115133080 B CN 115133080B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- outlet
- hydrogen
- air
- opening
- threshold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell control method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state, calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile; when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, setting the opening of the first outlet to be 100 percent so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet; when the air quantity is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet. Thus, when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the catalyst in the electric pile is oxidized, and at the moment, hydrogen is controlled to enter the air pipeline through the second outlet, so that the hydrogen is introduced into the cathode side of the electric pile, the oxidized catalyst is reduced, and the poisoned catalyst is recovered to be active, so that the performance attenuation of the electric pile is slowed down.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular, to a fuel cell control method and apparatus.
Background
The catalyst on the cathode side of the existing fuel cell is exposed to the air environment, so that the catalyst is gradually oxidized, the catalyst activity is reduced, and the performance of the electric pile is reduced. And meanwhile, substances such as CO in the air enter a cathode of the electric pile, so that the catalyst is poisoned and the activity is reduced, and the performance decay speed of the electric pile is accelerated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a fuel cell control method applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system including a controller, a hydrogen discharge valve, a three-way valve including a first inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the openings of both the first outlet and the second outlet being adjustable, the sum of the openings of the first outlet and the second outlet being 100%; the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet, the first outlet is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of the electric pile, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state, calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile;
when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 100 percent so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet;
when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet.
Optionally, the setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure includes:
setting the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is smaller than a second threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than a third threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be m "when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than a fourth threshold;
setting the opening of the first outlet to n% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold;
wherein the third threshold is greater than the second threshold, the fourth threshold is greater than the third threshold, and m < n.
Optionally, when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than a fourth threshold value and when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, the opening degree of the first outlet is determined by:
acquiring the aperture of the second outlet and the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve;
determining the amount of hydrogen passing in the second outlet per unit time according to the aperture and the pressure difference;
determining the hydrogen amount required for reducing the catalyst in the galvanic pile in the unit time to obtain a target hydrogen amount;
determining the opening of the second outlet according to the ratio of the target hydrogen amount to the hydrogen amount passing through in unit volume;
and determining the opening degree of the first outlet according to the opening degree of the second outlet to obtain the value of m or n.
Alternatively, when the aperture of the second outlet is 8 mm, m=10, n=20.
Optionally, the range of the second threshold is 5kpa±2kPa, the range of the third threshold is 10kpa±2kPa, and the range of the fourth threshold is 20kpa±2kPa.
Optionally, the air in the air pipeline is cooled air through an intercooler.
A second aspect of the present invention proposes a fuel cell control device applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system, the system including a controller, a hydrogen discharge valve, a three-way valve including a first inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the openings of the first outlet and the second outlet being adjustable, the sum of the openings of the first outlet and the second outlet being 100%; the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet, the first outlet is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of the electric pile, and the device comprises:
the air quantity calculation module is used for calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state;
a first opening setting module, configured to set the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the air amount is smaller than a first threshold, so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet;
and the second opening setting module is used for detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet.
Optionally, the second opening setting module is specifically configured to:
setting the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is smaller than a second threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than a third threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be m "when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than a fourth threshold;
setting the opening of the first outlet to n% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold;
wherein the third threshold is greater than the second threshold, the fourth threshold is greater than the third threshold, and m < n.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the aperture of the second outlet and the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve;
the first hydrogen amount determining module is used for determining the amount of hydrogen passing through the second outlet in unit time according to the aperture and the pressure difference;
the second hydrogen amount determining module is used for determining the amount of hydrogen required for reducing the catalyst in the electric pile in the unit time to obtain a target hydrogen amount;
the second outlet opening determining module is used for determining the opening of the second outlet according to the ratio of the target hydrogen amount to the hydrogen amount passing through in unit volume;
and the first outlet opening determining module is used for determining the opening of the first outlet according to the opening of the second outlet to obtain the value of m or n.
A third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention proposes an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, where at least one instruction, at least one section of program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored, where the at least one instruction, the at least one section of program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the fuel cell control method according to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention proposes a computer readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell control method according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the galvanic pile is determined to be in a starting state, calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the galvanic pile; when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 100 percent so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet; when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet. Thus, when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the catalyst in the electric pile is oxidized, and at the moment, hydrogen is controlled to enter the air pipeline through the second outlet, so that the hydrogen is introduced into the cathode side of the electric pile, the oxidized catalyst is reduced, and the poisoned catalyst is recovered to be active, so that the performance attenuation of the electric pile is slowed down.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description will make a brief introduction to the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a fuel cell control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a logic flow diagram of a fuel cell control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of system performance degradation versus the present and conventional schemes;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present specification provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. When implemented in a real system or server product, the methods illustrated in the embodiments or figures may be performed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multithreaded environment).
The fuel cell control method in the embodiment of the invention is applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system, the system comprises the controller, a hydrogen discharge valve and a three-way valve, the three-way valve comprises a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet, the first outlet is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of a galvanic pile.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention adds a three-way valve in the fuel cell control system. The opening of the three-way valve is controlled by a controller.
In fig. 1, a denotes a first inlet of the three-way valve, B denotes a first outlet of the three-way valve, and C denotes a second outlet of the three-way valve. The outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet.
The three-way valve is mainly used for changing the flow direction of a medium, and the working process is as follows: the valve is opened, and medium enters the valve from A and flows out of the valve through B; when the pipeline needs medium to flow in, the executing mechanism is started, the valve core reverses, the medium A flows in and out, when the pipeline does not need medium to flow in, the executing mechanism is started, and the valve is closed to cut off the medium. A valve rod is arranged in the three-way valve, the valve rod controls the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet, and the sum of the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet is 100%. That is, under the control of the valve stem, when the opening degree of the first outlet is m%, the opening degree of the second outlet is n%, m+n=100.
It will be appreciated that the opening of the first outlet and the second outlet may be adjusted using devices other than a valve stem, and embodiments of the present invention are not specifically limited in this respect.
The first outlet of the three-way valve is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of the electric pile.
The hydrogen exhausted by the hydrogen exhaust valve can be introduced into the cathode side of the electric pile through the three-way valve when the scheme is proper, so that the oxidized catalyst and the poisoned catalyst are reduced by using the hydrogen, the performance of the electric pile is recovered in the running process, and the performance attenuation of the electric pile is slowed down.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of steps of a fuel cell control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
And 101, under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state, calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile.
A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy by means of electrochemical reactions within the cell. Specifically, the fuel cell can continuously generate electricity by supplying an anode reactant such as hydrogen to the anode and a cathode reactant such as oxygen to the cathode.
However, the catalyst on the cathode side of the fuel cell is exposed to the air environment, which causes the catalyst to gradually oxidize, and the catalyst activity to decrease, resulting in deterioration of the stack performance. And meanwhile, substances such as CO in the air enter a cathode of the electric pile, so that the catalyst is poisoned and the activity is reduced, and the performance decay speed of the electric pile is accelerated.
In order to solve the problems of catalyst oxidation and catalyst poisoning, the proposal starts to continuously detect the air amount entering the electric pile after determining that the electric pile is started.
The amount of air entering the stack can be calculated from the cumulative open time of the air duct, the air density in the air duct, and the volume of the air duct multiplied.
And 102, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 100% when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, so that all the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet.
Since the catalyst on the cathode side of the stack is gradually oxidized with the exposure to the oxygen atmosphere, the first threshold value Q1 may be experimentally determined, and in particular, may be 300 to 400kg. When the cumulative air amount entering the stack does not reach the first threshold value, the catalyst is not oxidized or oxidized seriously, the poisoning phenomenon of the catalyst is not serious, and no intervention treatment is required.
At this time, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to 100%, so that the opening degree of the second outlet becomes 0%, and the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen discharge valve is completely collected into the tail gas pipe through the first outlet of the three-way valve, and the second outlet will not have hydrogen entering the air pipe from the second outlet because the opening degree is 0%. The method of discharging all hydrogen into the tail gas pipeline is adopted, and the chemical reaction of the electric pile is not interfered temporarily.
And 103, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and setting the opening degree of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile reaches the first threshold value, the degree of oxidation of the catalyst is increased, the catalyst poisoning phenomenon is also increased, the performance of the electric pile begins to decay, and at the moment, the catalyst needs to be reduced by using interference measures.
The hydrogen gas can be used for reducing the oxidized part of the catalyst by introducing the hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen discharge valve into the electric pile, and simultaneously, the hydrogen gas can also be used for reducing the catalyst which has generated the poisoning phenomenon. But simultaneously, because the air pipeline is connected with the hydrogen pipeline through the three-way valve, when the gas pressure in the air pipeline is greater than the gas pressure in the hydrogen pipeline, the phenomenon that air enters the hydrogen pipeline can occur, and the air enters the hydrogen pipeline can cause hydrogen explosion.
Therefore, in order to prevent air from entering the hydrogen pipeline, it is necessary to detect the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and set the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure, so as to ensure that the hydrogen safely enters the air pipeline on the premise that the air does not enter the hydrogen pipeline, and further ensure that the hydrogen safely reduces the oxidized part and the poisoned part of the catalyst.
Meanwhile, when the hydrogen pressure is much higher than the air pressure, the hydrogen density of the hydrogen pipeline is larger, and enough hydrogen can enter the electric pile only by opening the opening part of the second outlet. In this case, if all the hydrogen gas is introduced into the pile, the gas concentration becomes too high, and an explosion reaction occurs.
Therefore, setting the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet in an appropriate range according to the pressure difference makes it possible to safely reduce the catalyst with hydrogen.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that it is determined that the electric pile is in a start state, calculating an accumulated air amount entering the electric pile; when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 100 percent so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet; when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet. Thus, when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the catalyst in the electric pile is oxidized, and at the moment, hydrogen is controlled to enter the air pipeline through the second outlet, so that the hydrogen is introduced into the cathode side of the electric pile, the oxidized catalyst is reduced, and the poisoned catalyst is recovered to be active, so that the performance attenuation of the electric pile is slowed down.
In a possible embodiment, the setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure includes the following steps 201 to 204:
step 201, setting the opening of the first outlet to be 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is smaller than a second threshold value;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference=hydrogen pressure-air pressure. When the pressure difference is smaller than the second threshold value, the hydrogen pressure is higher than the air pressure to a limited extent, and the air in the air duct has a possibility of entering the hydrogen duct. At this time, in order to prevent air from entering the hydrogen pipe, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to 100% so that the hydrogen of the hydrogen pipe is entirely discharged from the waste pipe. At this time, the opening of the second outlet is 0%, and no air will enter the hydrogen pipe from the second outlet.
202, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and smaller than a third threshold value;
when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than the third threshold value, the hydrogen pressure is higher than the air pressure, and at this time, the phenomenon that air enters the hydrogen pipe does not occur, and therefore, the opening degree of the first outlet may be set to 0%, and at this time, the opening degree of the second outlet is set to 100%. The hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline can completely enter the air pipeline from the second outlet to reach the cathode side of the electric pile, so that the catalyst in the electric pile can be reduced safely.
And 203, setting the opening of the first outlet to be m% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value.
When the pressure difference is larger than or equal to the third threshold value and smaller than the fourth threshold value, the hydrogen pressure is much larger than the air pressure, at the moment, the hydrogen density of the hydrogen pipeline is larger, and enough hydrogen can enter the electric pile only by opening the opening part of the second outlet. In this case, if all the hydrogen gas is introduced into the pile, the gas concentration becomes too high, and an explosion reaction occurs.
Therefore, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to m%, and at this time, the opening degree of the second outlet is (100-m)%, so that the hydrogen gas can be reduced safely and effectively.
204, setting the opening of the first outlet to be n% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value; wherein the third threshold is greater than the second threshold, the fourth threshold is greater than the third threshold, and m < n.
When the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, indicating that the hydrogen pressure is higher than in step 203, the opening of the first outlet may be further increased to decrease the opening of the second outlet, making the hydrogen entering the air conduit a little slower.
At this time, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to n%, and the opening degree of the second outlet is (100-n)%, m < n, so that the hydrogen gas can be reduced safely and effectively.
In steps 201-204, the opening of the first outlet and the opening of the second outlet are set according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure, so that the quantity of hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet can be controlled, the entering quantity of hydrogen is controlled within a reasonable range, and the catalyst is reduced safely and effectively.
In one possible embodiment, when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than a fourth threshold value and when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, the opening degree of the first outlet is determined by:
step 301, obtaining the aperture of the second outlet and the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve;
step 302, determining the amount of hydrogen passing through the second outlet in unit time according to the aperture and the pressure difference;
step 303, determining the hydrogen amount required for reducing the catalyst in the electric pile in the unit time to obtain a target hydrogen amount;
step 304, determining the opening of the second outlet according to the ratio of the target hydrogen amount to the hydrogen amount passing through in unit volume;
and 305, determining the opening degree of the first outlet according to the opening degree of the second outlet to obtain the value of m or n. In an embodiment of the invention, the amount of air entering the air duct is related to the aperture of the second outlet in addition to the opening of the second outlet.
In steps 301-305, the aperture of the second outlet may be measured in advance and the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve may be detected. And the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is the hydrogen pressure in the second outlet because of the sealing of the three-way valve, and the hydrogen quantity passing through the second outlet in unit time is obtained according to the hydrogen pressure in the second outlet and the outer diameter of the second outlet.
Further, the amount of the oxidized catalyst in the stack is calculated, and the amount of hydrogen required to reduce the oxidized catalyst per unit time is determined to obtain the target amount of hydrogen.
Then, the opening degree of the second outlet is determined according to the ratio between the target hydrogen amount and the hydrogen amount passing through in the unit time. For example, if the target hydrogen amount is 80 and the hydrogen amount per unit time is 100, the opening degree of the second outlet is 80/100=80%.
Then, the opening degree of the first outlet is determined from the opening degree of the first outlet=100% -the opening degree of the second outlet. For example, the opening degree of the first outlet in the above example=100% -80% =20%.
Specifically, if the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than the fourth threshold, the value calculated in step 305 is the value of m; if the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, the value calculated in step 305 is n.
In one possible embodiment, when the aperture of the second outlet is 8 mm, m=10, n=20.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the aperture of the second outlet is 8 mm, the opening of the aperture of the second outlet is calculated by combining the pressure difference, so as to obtain:
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 10% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to a third threshold value and less than a fourth threshold value in the case where the aperture of the second outlet is 8 mm; when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to 20%.
In one possible embodiment, the second threshold is 5kPa ± 2kPa, the third threshold is 10kPa ± 2kPa, and the fourth threshold is 20kPa ± 2kPa.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second threshold value, the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value can be set according to the actual situation of the galvanic pile. In the scheme, the value ranges of the second threshold value, the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value can be 5kPa plus or minus 2kPa, 10kPa plus or minus 2kPa and 20kPa plus or minus 2kPa respectively.
The second threshold, the third threshold and the fourth threshold are specifically values in the corresponding value range, and can be further selected according to actual situations.
For example, the second threshold, the third threshold, and the fourth threshold may take intermediate values, respectively, to obtain:
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is less than 5 kpa;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 5kpa and less than 10 kpa;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 10% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 10kpa and less than 20 kpa;
when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 20kpa, the opening degree of the first outlet is set to 20%.
In one possible embodiment, the air in the air duct is air cooled by an intercooler.
In the embodiment of the invention, before air enters a galvanic pile, the air is pressurized by an air compressor, the temperature is increased after the air is pressurized, the water in an intercooler is used for reducing the air inlet temperature, the air after the air is cooled down is introduced into an air pipeline, and then the air enters the galvanic pile through the air pipeline.
Thus, the hydrogen enters the air pipeline from the second outlet, and the air pipeline is filled with air subjected to intercooling and cooling.
Fig. 3 is a logic flow diagram of a fuel cell control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, after the stack is started, the FCCU (controller) starts calculating the cumulative air amount into the stack and determines whether the cumulative air amount reaches Q1. If the accumulated air quantity does not reach Q1, the opening of the first outlet of the three-way valve is set to be 100%, and all the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is converged into the tail gas.
If the accumulated air quantity reaches Q1, determining the opening alpha of the three-way valve to control the quantity of hydrogen entering the air pipeline so as to reduce the catalyst in the electric pile by the hydrogen.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the system performance decay versus the conventional scheme.
As shown in fig. 4, the system performance decay of the present scheme and the conventional scheme are compared under the same working condition. The stack average voltage at 1.0A/cm2 was recorded every 100 hours over a 1200 hour test cycle, and the stack average voltage indicated a decrease in system performance, with a decrease in system attenuation as the average voltage was higher.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the system performance decay for introducing hydrogen into the cathode using the present method is significantly less than for normal operating conditions by 1200 hours of operating cycle.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus is applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system, and the apparatus 300 includes:
an air amount calculation module 301, configured to calculate an amount of air accumulated into a pile when it is determined that the pile is in a start-up state;
a first opening setting module 302, configured to set, when the air amount is less than a first threshold, the opening of the first outlet to be 100% so that the hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen discharge valve is all converged into the exhaust gas pipe through the first outlet;
and a second opening setting module 303, configured to detect a hydrogen pressure at an outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and an air pressure in the air pipe when the air amount is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and set an opening of the first outlet according to a pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure, so as to control an amount of the hydrogen entering the air pipe through the second outlet.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus including a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the fuel cell control method described in the embodiment of the present invention.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or a set of instructions, which are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell control method described in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell control method, characterized in that the method is applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system, the system comprises a controller, a hydrogen discharge valve and a three-way valve, the three-way valve comprises a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet are adjustable, and the sum of the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet is 100%; the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet, the first outlet is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of the electric pile, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state, calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile;
when the air quantity is smaller than a first threshold value, setting the opening degree of the first outlet to be 100 percent so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet;
when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure includes:
setting the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is smaller than a second threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than a third threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be m "when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than a fourth threshold;
setting the opening of the first outlet to n% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold;
wherein the third threshold is greater than the second threshold, the fourth threshold is greater than the third threshold, and m < n.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold value and less than a fourth threshold value and when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, the opening degree of the first outlet is determined by:
acquiring the aperture of the second outlet and the pressure difference at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve;
determining the amount of hydrogen passing in the second outlet per unit time according to the aperture and the pressure difference;
determining the hydrogen amount required for reducing the catalyst in the galvanic pile in the unit time to obtain a target hydrogen amount;
determining the opening of the second outlet according to the ratio of the target hydrogen amount to the hydrogen amount passing through in unit volume;
and determining the opening degree of the first outlet according to the opening degree of the second outlet to obtain the value of m or n.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein m = 10 and n = 20 when the aperture of the second outlet is 8 mm.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the second threshold is in a range of 5kPa ± 2kPa, the third threshold is in a range of 10kPa ± 2kPa, and the fourth threshold is in a range of 20kPa ± 2kPa.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the air in the air duct is air cooled by an intercooler.
7. A fuel cell control device, characterized in that the device is applied to a controller of a fuel cell control system, the system comprises a controller, a hydrogen discharge valve and a three-way valve, the three-way valve comprises a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet are adjustable, and the sum of the opening degrees of the first outlet and the second outlet is 100%; the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve is connected with the first inlet, the first outlet is connected with a tail gas pipeline, the second outlet is connected with an air pipeline, and the outlet of the air pipeline is the cathode side of the electric pile, and the device comprises:
the air quantity calculation module is used for calculating the accumulated air quantity entering the electric pile under the condition that the electric pile is determined to be in a starting state;
a first opening setting module, configured to set the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the air amount is smaller than a first threshold, so that the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen discharge valve is completely converged into the tail gas pipeline through the first outlet;
and the second opening setting module is used for detecting the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen discharge valve and the air pressure in the air pipeline when the air quantity is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and setting the opening of the first outlet according to the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure so as to control the quantity of the hydrogen entering the air pipeline through the second outlet.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second opening setting module is specifically configured to:
setting the opening of the first outlet to 100% when the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure is smaller than a second threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be 0% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold value and less than a third threshold value;
setting the opening of the first outlet to be m "when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than a fourth threshold;
setting the opening of the first outlet to n% when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold;
wherein the third threshold is greater than the second threshold, the fourth threshold is greater than the third threshold, and m < n.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes, or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by the processor to implement the fuel cell control method of any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored in the storage medium, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210805861.1A CN115133080B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Fuel cell control method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210805861.1A CN115133080B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Fuel cell control method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115133080A CN115133080A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| CN115133080B true CN115133080B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
Family
ID=83382789
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210805861.1A Active CN115133080B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Fuel cell control method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115133080B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101622748A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2010-01-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | A fuel cell system, electrode catalyst degradation judgment method, and moving body |
| CN103579645A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for recovering performance of fuel cell |
| KR20150050289A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for recovery of fuel cell performance by using electrode reversal |
| CN108206294A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 现代自动车株式会社 | The method for controlling the driving of fuel cell system |
| CN111106369A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-05 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Impurity removing method, impurity removing device and impurity removing system for fuel cell |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015079729A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | 現代自動車株式会社 | Performance recovery method of fuel cell stack |
-
2022
- 2022-07-08 CN CN202210805861.1A patent/CN115133080B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101622748A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2010-01-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | A fuel cell system, electrode catalyst degradation judgment method, and moving body |
| CN103579645A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for recovering performance of fuel cell |
| KR20150050289A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for recovery of fuel cell performance by using electrode reversal |
| CN108206294A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 现代自动车株式会社 | The method for controlling the driving of fuel cell system |
| CN111106369A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-05 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Impurity removing method, impurity removing device and impurity removing system for fuel cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115133080A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3880898B2 (en) | Hydrogen purge control device | |
| US8778549B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US8071243B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US8247121B2 (en) | Fuel cell system with purging and method of operating the same | |
| JP5017783B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| JP2008181864A (en) | Online detection of stack crossover rate for adaptive hydrogen bleed scheme | |
| CN114914488B (en) | Fuel cell hydrogen deficiency detection and diagnosis method | |
| KR102614135B1 (en) | Air supply control method and control system for fuel cell | |
| US20170250416A1 (en) | Fuel cell control method and fuel cell system | |
| CN114843562B (en) | Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage | |
| JP2009059556A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN115133080B (en) | Fuel cell control method and device | |
| JP4384401B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US8722264B2 (en) | Algorithm for stack current controller based on polarization curve estimation of a fuel cell stack | |
| CN114725450B (en) | Hydrogen emission control method for hydrogen fuel cell | |
| JP2007324071A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| JP2004319332A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN116207312A (en) | Tail row control method and tail row control device for fuel cell system | |
| US20230216075A1 (en) | Method for distinguishing the cause of voltage losses in a fuel cell device, fuel cell device and motor vehicle having such a device | |
| CN115188998A (en) | Humidifier air leakage diagnosis method of fuel cell air system | |
| CN115472874A (en) | Hydrogen fuel cell anode purging control method for multi-objective performance optimization | |
| CN101820069B (en) | Bleed trigger monitor used in fuel cell system | |
| JP2009301804A (en) | Fuel cell system, and method of diagnosing abnormal condition of the same | |
| CN117154154B (en) | Cathode purging time determination method and device, electronic equipment and fuel cell | |
| US20230095116A1 (en) | System and method for controlling operation of fuel cell system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |