CN114843562B - Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage - Google Patents
Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114843562B CN114843562B CN202210578381.6A CN202210578381A CN114843562B CN 114843562 B CN114843562 B CN 114843562B CN 202210578381 A CN202210578381 A CN 202210578381A CN 114843562 B CN114843562 B CN 114843562B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell safety control, and discloses a fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on a fuel cell, which is characterized in that when the fuel cell stably operates, the fuel cell is judged to detect the fuel cell DCDC, an error value is calculated for the voltage value of the current time and the last time of the fuel cell, when the error value is larger than a set threshold value and the accumulated number exceeds the set threshold value, the situation that the hydrogen pressure exceeds the set threshold value during the exhaust period is judged to be the situation that the fuel cell is flooded is judged, and certain necessary measures can be taken to avoid the damage of the fuel cell. The fuel cell flooding diagnosis method does not need to increase detection equipment and does not have other influence on the performance of a galvanic pile; the stack voltage change and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cell safety control, in particular to a fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage.
Background
The fuel cell pile generates electric energy and water through electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and water generated on the cathode side of the pile can permeate to the anode side of the pile due to osmotic pressure, so that when the water on the anode side is excessive, a hydrogen flow channel is not smooth, and the pile is easily damaged. Therefore, in order to ensure the performance of the fuel cell and improve the service life of the fuel cell, it is essential for the diagnosis of the flooding failure of the electric pile.
At present, there are many studies on a diagnosis method of a flooding failure of a fuel cell system, for example: the invention patent with publication number CN109301290A discloses a fuel cell voltage inspection system with flooding diagnosis, which comprises at least one single cell gating unit, a detection unit, a control unit and a fault diagnosis unit; the control unit is used for providing a control signal for the single cell gating unit and gating the single cell to the measurement bus; the single cell gating unit is used for loading single cells to be measured onto the measurement bus in sequence according to the control signal of the control unit; the detection unit is used for collecting single-chip battery voltage signals on the measurement bus and sending the single-chip battery voltage signals to the fault diagnosis unit; the fault diagnosis unit is used for carrying out flooding diagnosis according to the voltage signals. This patent merely detects a change in voltage, and cannot accurately detect the water state of the fuel cell at the time of dynamic output.
Another example is: the invention patent application publication number CN105226313a discloses a method for diagnosing the status of a fuel cell stack, comprising: simultaneously applying, by a controller, current to the fuel cell stack having first and second frequencies, respectively; calculating, by the controller, a fourier transform of an output current and voltage output from the fuel cell stack based on the applied current; calculating, by the controller, a real part of a first frequency impedance and an imaginary part of a second frequency impedance using amplitudes and phases of the current and the voltage having the first frequency and the second frequency in the calculated output current and voltage; and determining, by the controller, a state of the fuel cell stack based on the magnitude of the calculated real part of the first frequency impedance and based on the magnitude of the calculated imaginary part of the second frequency impedance. The method needs to add extra equipment to apply current to the galvanic pile, and the algorithm adopting Fourier transform is complex and has large operation amount.
And the following steps: the invention patent with application publication number of CN 109585884A discloses a method for removing the gas shortage and flooding of a fuel cell on line, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting the performance parameters of a fuel cell stack at an initial moment and a specific moment, then respectively calculating the voltage variation of a single battery, the average power-saving voltage of the stack and the voltage variance of the stack at the moment before and after calculation according to the collected performance parameters, finally determining the fault state of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated variation, and carrying out barrier removal according to a corresponding strategy. The method needs to use a single-chip voltage detection module to collect the voltage of a single battery, and the variance operation increases with the increase of the number of the single batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage, which aims to overcome the defects that the existing fuel cell flooding diagnosis method only detects the change of voltage and can not accurately detect the water state of a fuel cell when dynamic output is carried out, or extra equipment is needed to be added to apply current to a stack, an algorithm is complex, the operation amount is large and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on the stack voltage comprises a fuel cell system consisting of a fuel cell stack, an air subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Determining whether the fuel cell system meets a constant power P 1 Run for a certain time T 1 If yes, entering the step (2);
(2) Recording stack voltage V detected by fuel cell DCDC control system 0 ；
(3) After the time DeltaT, recording the pile voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system at the moment 1 ；
(4) Calculating an error value DeltaV= |V of the stack voltage within the time DeltaT 1 -V 0 |；
(5) Determining whether the stack error DeltaV is greater than the error allowable prescribed value DeltaV l If DeltaV > DeltaV l The Sum count of the accumulated variable Sum is increased by 1, if DeltaV is less than or equal to DeltaV l The accumulated variable Sum is unchanged, and the step (2) is returned after the calculation of the accumulated variable Sum is completed;
(6) When the accumulated variable Sum is greater than the flooding failure judgment threshold Sum l Judging at the timeWhether the difference deltap between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure during the open period of the off-gas valve exceeds the threshold value P limit If DeltaP > P limit And judging that the fuel cell floods.
Further, before the step (1) of the present invention is started, it is necessary to stably operate the fuel cell system and set the involvement variable Sum to 0.
In a preferred embodiment, if the fuel cell system is operating at power P 1 The accumulated variable Sum is not greater than the flooding failure judgment threshold Sum after the change l And (3) returning to the step (1) to restart.
In a preferred embodiment, the time Δt is a DCDC message sending period, and Δv is a voltage value of a single cell of the fuel cell stack.
From the above description of the invention, it is clear that the invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
when the fuel cell is in stable operation, after the power of the electric pile is stabilized for a certain time, calculating an error value for the voltage value of the current moment and the last moment of the electric pile voltage, and when the error value is larger than a set threshold value and the accumulated number exceeds the set threshold value, judging that the hydrogen pressure in the exhaust period exceeds the set threshold value to judge that the electric pile is flooded, and adopting certain necessary measures to avoid the damage of the electric pile. The invention directly judges the pile voltage detected by the DCDC of the fuel cell system, does not need to increase detection equipment, and does not cause other influences on the performance of the pile; the stack voltage change and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control schematic diagram of a fuel cell system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a diagnostic method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Numerous details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details. Well-known components, methods and procedures are not described in detail.
The embodiment provides a fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage, which comprises a fuel cell system, referring to fig. 1, wherein the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack, an air subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system.
Wherein the air subsystem comprises: air compressor machine, intercooler, admission valve, humidifier, backpressure valve and tail calandria. The air compressor is connected with the intercooler, the intercooler is connected with the humidifier through the air inlet valve, the humidifier is connected with the fuel cell stack, and the outlet end of the humidifier is connected with the tail calandria through the back pressure valve.
The hydrogen subsystem comprises: the device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder group, a main hydrogen valve, a proportional valve, a hydrogen circulating pump, an exhaust and drainage electromagnetic valve and a tail calandria. The high-pressure gas cylinder group is connected with the fuel cell stack sequentially through the main hydrogen valve and the proportional valve, the outlet of the fuel cell stack is also connected with a hydrogen circulating pump and a tail calandria through the exhaust and drainage electromagnetic valve, and the hydrogen circulating pump is connected to a connecting pipeline between the proportional valve and the fuel cell stack.
The stack cooling subsystem includes: water pump, radiator, heater and thermostat. The fuel cell stack is sequentially connected with the water pump, the radiator and the thermostat to form a circulation loop, and a heater is further connected between the water pump and the thermostat.
The fuel cell DCDC control system includes: DCDC converter, load and fuel cell domain controller. One end of the DCDC frequency converter is connected with the fuel cell stack, the other end of the DCDC frequency converter is connected with a load, and the DCDC frequency converter is connected with the fuel cell domain controller in a communication mode. DCDC is used to detect the fuel cell stack voltage and send the detected stack voltage to the cell domain controller.
Referring to fig. 2, before the start of the flooding diagnosis method of the fuel cell of the present invention, the fuel cell system is made to operate stably, and the concern variable Sum is set to 0. The specific diagnosis method comprises the following steps:
(1) Determining whether the fuel cell system meets a constant power P 1 Run for a certain time T 1 If it is to enter the stepAnd (2) a step (2).
(2) Recording stack voltage V detected by fuel cell DCDC control system 0 。
(3) After the time DeltaT, recording the pile voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system at the moment 1 。
(4) Calculating an error value DeltaV= |V of the stack voltage within the time DeltaT 1 -V 0 Here, Δv means an error value of the fuel cell stack monolithic voltage, and Δv of the present embodiment is specifically 1V.
(5) Determining whether the stack error DeltaV is greater than the error allowable prescribed value DeltaV l If DeltaV > DeltaV l The Sum count of the accumulated variable Sum is increased by 1, if DeltaV is less than or equal to DeltaV l The accumulated variable Sum is unchanged, and the step (2) is returned after the accumulated variable Sum is calculated.
(6) When the accumulated variable Sum is greater than the flooding failure judgment threshold Sum l When the difference delta P between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure exceeds the threshold value P during the exhaust valve opening period limit ，P limit Specifically 20kpa. If DeltaP > P limit And judging that the fuel cell floods.
The time Δt of this embodiment is a DCDC message transmission period, and the DCDC message transmission period is 100ms-500ms.
If the fuel cell system is operated at power P 1 The accumulated variable Sum is not greater than the flooding failure judgment threshold Sum after the change l And (3) returning to the step (1) to restart.
In the above embodiment, deltaV is specifically 1V, P limit Specifically 20kpa. In other embodiments, the error value DeltaV of the fuel cell stack monolithic voltage may also be any other value between 0.8-1.3V, P limit But may be any other value between 20 and 30 kpa.
The invention directly judges the pile voltage detected by the DCDC of the fuel cell system, does not need to increase detection equipment, and does not cause other influences on the performance of the pile; the stack voltage change and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on the stack voltage comprises a fuel cell system consisting of a fuel cell stack, an air subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Stable operation of the fuel cell system, and setting of cumulative variable
0, it is judged whether the fuel cell system satisfies at a certain constant power +.>
The operation reaches a certain time->
If yes, entering the step (2);
(2) Recording stack voltage detected by fuel cell DCDC control system
；
(3) Time of passage
Then, recording the stack voltage detected by the DCDC control system of the fuel cell at the moment;
(4) Calculation time
Error value of the internal stack voltage +.>
；
(5) Judging pileError of
Whether or not it is greater than the error allowance value +.>
If->
＞/>
Cumulative variable +.>
Count is incremented by 1 if->
≤/>
Cumulative variable +.>
Unchanged, cumulative variable->
Returning to the step (2) after the calculation is completed;
(6) When accumulating variable
Is greater than a flooding fault judgment threshold value +.>
In this case, the difference between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure during the exhaust valve opening period is determined +.>
Whether or not threshold value is exceeded->
If->
＞/>
And judging that the fuel cell floods.
2. A fuel cell flooding diagnostic method based on stack voltage as recited in claim 1, wherein: if the fuel cell system is operated at power
Change and cumulative variable->
Not more than the flooding failure judgment threshold value +.>
And (3) returning to the step (1) to restart.
3. A fuel cell flooding diagnostic method based on stack voltage as recited in claim 1, wherein: the time of
Is a message sending period of DCDC. />
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210578381.6A CN114843562B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage |
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| CN202210578381.6A CN114843562B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage |
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| CN114843562A CN114843562A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
| CN114843562B true CN114843562B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115842142B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-01-09 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling anode drainage of fuel cell stack |
| CN116387570B (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-08-01 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Method for diagnosing fault of electric pile of fuel cell system |
| CN118281264B (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-09-03 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Method and device for fault diagnosis of fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
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| CN1624490A (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2005-06-08 | 清华大学 | Water logging diagnosis method of hydrogenl oxygen proton exchange film fuel battery pile |
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| CN108258268A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 清华大学 | The control method and device of fuel battery combination stack system water failure |
| CN109301290A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-01 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of fuel battery voltage cruising inspection system with water logging diagnosis |
| CN109585884A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-05 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of online method for excluding fuel cell deficency and water logging |
| CN112054230A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 上海燃料电池汽车动力系统有限公司 | Fault diagnosis method and system for hydrogen fuel cell drainage and exhaust device |
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- 2022-05-25 CN CN202210578381.6A patent/CN114843562B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1624490A (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2005-06-08 | 清华大学 | Water logging diagnosis method of hydrogenl oxygen proton exchange film fuel battery pile |
| JP2009301791A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Failure diagnostic device of fuel cell system |
| CN108258268A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 清华大学 | The control method and device of fuel battery combination stack system water failure |
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