CN114843562A - Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage - Google Patents
Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114843562A CN114843562A CN202210578381.6A CN202210578381A CN114843562A CN 114843562 A CN114843562 A CN 114843562A CN 202210578381 A CN202210578381 A CN 202210578381A CN 114843562 A CN114843562 A CN 114843562A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell safety control, and discloses a fuel cell water-logging diagnosis method based on stack voltage. The fuel cell flooding diagnosis method does not need to add detection equipment, and does not cause other influences on the performance of the galvanic pile; the voltage change of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cell safety control, in particular to a fuel cell water flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage.
Background
The fuel cell stack generates electric energy and water through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and water generated at the cathode side of the stack permeates to the anode side of the stack due to osmotic pressure, so that hydrogen flow is not smooth when water at the anode side is excessive, and the stack is easy to damage. Therefore, in order to ensure the performance of the fuel cell and improve the service life of the fuel cell, the diagnosis of the flooding fault of the stack is essential.
At present, a diagnosis method for a water flooding fault of a fuel cell system has been studied, for example: the invention patent with publication number CN109301290A discloses a fuel cell voltage inspection system with water flooding diagnosis, which comprises at least one single cell gating unit, a detection unit, a control unit and a fault diagnosis unit; the control unit is used for providing a control signal for the single battery gating unit and gating the single battery to the measurement bus; the single battery gating unit is used for sequentially loading single batteries to be tested onto the measurement bus according to the control signal of the control unit; the detection unit is used for collecting and measuring voltage signals of the single battery on the bus and sending the voltage signals to the fault diagnosis unit; and the fault diagnosis unit is used for carrying out flooding diagnosis according to the voltage signal. This patent only detects a change in voltage and cannot accurately detect the water state of the fuel cell at the time of dynamic output.
For another example: the invention patent application publication No. CN105226313A discloses a method for diagnosing the state of a fuel cell stack, comprising: simultaneously applying, by a controller, currents having first and second frequencies, respectively, to the fuel cell stack; calculating, by the controller, a Fourier transform of an output current and a voltage output from the fuel cell stack according to the applied current; calculating, by the controller, a real part of a first frequency impedance and an imaginary part of a second frequency impedance using amplitudes and phases of currents and voltages having the first frequency and the second frequency in the calculated output currents and voltages; and determining, by the controller, a state of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated magnitude of the real part of the first frequency impedance and according to the calculated magnitude of the imaginary part of the second frequency impedance. The method needs to add extra equipment to apply current to the galvanic pile, and the algorithm adopting Fourier transform is complex and has large computation amount.
The following steps are repeated: the invention patent with application publication number CN 109585884A discloses a method for online elimination of gas shortage and water flooding of a fuel cell, which comprises the steps of collecting performance parameters of a fuel cell stack at an initial time and a specific certain time, calculating the voltage variation of a single cell, the average voltage saving of the stack and the voltage variation of the stack at two times before and after according to the collected performance parameters, determining the fault state of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated variation, and removing faults according to a corresponding strategy. According to the method, a single-chip voltage detection module is used for collecting the voltage of a single battery, and the variance operation is increased along with the increase of the number of single batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell water-logging diagnosis method based on stack voltage, which overcomes the defects that the water state of a fuel cell in dynamic output cannot be accurately detected only by detecting the change of the voltage or extra equipment is needed to apply current to a stack, the algorithm is complex, the calculation amount is large and the like in the conventional fuel cell water-logging diagnosis method.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell water logging diagnosis method based on stack voltage comprises a fuel cell system consisting of a fuel cell stack, an air circuit subsystem, a hydrogen circuit subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) determining whether the fuel cell system satisfies a certain constant power P 1 The operation reaches a certain time T 1 If yes, entering the step (2);
(2) recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system 0 ；
(3) After the time delta T, recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system at the moment 1 ；
(4) And calculating the error value delta V ═ V of the voltage of the electric pile in the time delta T 1 -V 0 |；
(5) Judging whether the error delta V of the electric pile is larger than the allowable error specified value delta V l If Δ V > Δ V l The Sum count of the cumulative variable is increased by 1 if Δ V is less than or equal to Δ V l The Sum of the accumulated variables is unchanged, and the step (2) is returned after the Sum of the accumulated variables is calculated;
(6) when the accumulated variable Sum is larger than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l Judging whether the difference value delta P between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure during the opening period of the exhaust valve exceeds a threshold value P or not limit If Δ P > P limit And judging that the fuel cell is in a water logging condition.
Further, before step (1) of the present invention is started, it is necessary to stably operate the fuel cell system, and the cumulative variable Sum is set to 0.
In a preferred embodiment, if the fuel cell system is operating at power P 1 When the variation occurs and the accumulated variable Sum is not more than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l And (3) returning to the step (1) to restart.
In a preferred embodiment, the time Δ T is a message sending period of DCDC, and Δ V is a voltage value of a single fuel cell stack.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
when the fuel cell is stably operated, after the power of the electric pile is stabilized for a certain time, calculating an error value of the voltage values of the electric pile at the current moment and the previous moment, and when the error value is greater than a set threshold value and the accumulated number exceeds the set threshold value, judging that the hydrogen pressure during the exhaust period exceeds the set threshold value, judging that the electric pile is flooded, and taking certain necessary measures to avoid the electric pile damage. The method directly judges the voltage of the galvanic pile detected by the DCDC of the fuel cell system, does not need to increase detection equipment, and does not cause other influences on the performance of the galvanic pile; the voltage change of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control schematic diagram of a fuel cell system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the diagnostic method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Numerous details are set forth below in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details. Well-known components, methods and processes are not described in detail below.
The embodiment provides a fuel cell water flooding diagnosis method based on stack voltage, which comprises a fuel cell system, and referring to fig. 1, the fuel cell system is composed of a fuel cell stack, an air circuit subsystem, a hydrogen circuit subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system.
Wherein, the air way subsystem includes: air compressor machine, intercooler, admission valve, humidifier, back pressure valve and tail calandria. The air compressor is connected with the intercooler, the intercooler is connected with the humidifier through the air inlet valve, the humidifier is connected with the fuel cell stack, and the outlet end of the humidifier is connected with the tail discharge pipe through the back pressure valve.
The hydrogen gas circuit subsystem includes: the system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder group, a main hydrogen valve, a proportional valve, a hydrogen circulating pump, an exhaust and drainage electromagnetic valve and a tail discharge pipe. The high-pressure gas cylinder group is connected with the fuel cell stack sequentially through the main hydrogen valve and the proportional valve, the outlet of the fuel cell stack is further connected with a hydrogen circulating pump and a tail exhaust pipe through an exhaust and drainage electromagnetic valve, and the hydrogen circulating pump is connected to a connecting pipeline between the proportional valve and the fuel cell stack.
The stack cooling subsystem includes: water pump, radiator, heater and temperature saver. The fuel cell stack is connected with the water pump, the radiator and the thermostat in sequence to form a circulation loop, and a heater is connected between the water pump and the thermostat.
The fuel cell DCDC control system includes: DCDC frequency converter, load and fuel cell domain controller. One end of the DCDC frequency converter is connected with the fuel cell stack, the other end of the DCDC frequency converter is connected with a load, and the DCDC frequency converter is in communication connection with the fuel cell domain controller. The DCDC is used to detect the fuel cell stack voltage and transmit the detected stack voltage to the cell domain controller.
Referring to fig. 2, before the fuel cell flooding diagnostic method of the present invention is started, the fuel cell system is operated stably, and the cumulative variable Sum is set to 0. The specific diagnostic method steps are as follows:
(1) determining whether the fuel cell system satisfies a certain constant power P 1 The operation reaches a certain time T 1 If yes, go to step (2).
(2) Recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system 0 。
(3) After the time delta T, recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system at the moment 1 。
(4) And calculating the error value delta V ═ V of the voltage of the electric pile in the time delta T 1 -V 0 Where Δ V is an error value of the voltage of the fuel cell stack, Δ V in this embodiment is specifically 1V.
(5) Judging whether the error delta V of the electric pile is larger than the allowable error specified value delta V l If Δ V > Δ V l The Sum count of the cumulative variable is increased by 1 if Δ V is less than or equal to Δ V l The Sum variable is not changed, and the step (2) is returned after the Sum variable is calculated.
(6) When the accumulated variable Sum is larger than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l Judging whether the difference value delta P between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure during the opening period of the exhaust valve exceeds a threshold value P or not limit ，P limit In particular 20 kpa. If Δ P > P limit And judging that the fuel cell is in a water logging condition.
The time Δ T of this embodiment is a message sending period of a DCDC, and the message sending period of a DCDC is 100ms to 500 ms.
If the fuel cell system operates at power P 1 When the variation occurs and the accumulated variable Sum is not more than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l And (4) returning to the step (1) to restart.
In the above examples, Δ V was specifically 1V, P limit In particular 20 kpa. In other embodiments, the error value Δ V of the voltage of the fuel cell stack may be any other value between 0.8 and 1.3V, P limit But may be any other value between 20-30 kpa.
The method directly judges the voltage of the galvanic pile detected by the DCDC of the fuel cell system, does not need to increase detection equipment, and does not cause other influences on the performance of the galvanic pile; the voltage change of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen pressure change are comprehensively judged, and the flooding fault can be effectively detected.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A fuel cell water logging diagnosis method based on stack voltage comprises a fuel cell system consisting of a fuel cell stack, an air circuit subsystem, a hydrogen circuit subsystem, a stack cooling subsystem and a fuel cell DCDC control system, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) determining whether the fuel cell system satisfies a certain constant power P 1 The operation reaches a certain time T 1 If yes, entering the step (2);
(2) recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system 0 ；
(3) After the time delta T, recording the stack voltage V detected by the fuel cell DCDC control system at the moment 1 ；
(4) And calculating the error value delta V ═ V of the voltage of the electric pile in the time delta T 1 -V 0 |；
(5) Judging the error of the electric pileWhether or not the difference Δ V is larger than the error allowable specified value Δ V l If Δ V > Δ V l The Sum count of the cumulative variable is increased by 1 if Δ V is less than or equal to Δ V l The Sum of the accumulated variables is unchanged, and the step (2) is returned after the Sum of the accumulated variables is calculated;
(6) when the accumulated variable Sum is larger than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l Judging whether the difference value delta P between the hydrogen outlet pressure and the target pressure during the opening period of the exhaust valve exceeds a threshold value P or not limit If Δ P > P limit And judging that the fuel cell is in a water logging condition.
2. The fuel cell water flooding diagnostic method based on stack voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the step (1) is started, the fuel cell system needs to be stably operated, and the cumulative variable Sum is set to 0.
3. The fuel cell water flooding diagnostic method based on stack voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the fuel cell system operates at power P 1 When the variation occurs and the accumulated variable Sum is not more than the flooding fault judgment threshold Sum l And (4) returning to the step (1) to restart.
4. The fuel cell water flooding diagnostic method based on stack voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time delta T is a message sending period of the DCDC.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210578381.6A CN114843562B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage |
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| CN202210578381.6A CN114843562B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Fuel cell flooding diagnosis method based on pile voltage |
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| CN114843562B CN114843562B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115842142A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-24 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack anode drainage control method and device |
| CN116387570A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-07-04 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Method for diagnosing fault of electric pile of fuel cell system |
| CN118281264A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-07-02 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Method and device for fault diagnosis of fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
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| CN112054230A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 上海燃料电池汽车动力系统有限公司 | Fault diagnosis method and system for hydrogen fuel cell drainage and exhaust device |
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2022
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115842142A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-24 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack anode drainage control method and device |
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| CN118281264A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-07-02 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Method and device for fault diagnosis of fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
| CN118281264B (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-09-03 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Method and device for fault diagnosis of fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
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