CN115122743A - 一种太阳能电池背板结构 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池背板结构 Download PDF

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CN115122743A
CN115122743A CN202211059673.5A CN202211059673A CN115122743A CN 115122743 A CN115122743 A CN 115122743A CN 202211059673 A CN202211059673 A CN 202211059673A CN 115122743 A CN115122743 A CN 115122743A
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唐皓凝
唐荣
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Xuzhou Liding New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种太阳能电池背板结构，包括PET基材层，设置于PET基材层两侧的粘合层，以及设置于所述粘合层另一侧的耐候层；所述耐候层上涂覆有耐候涂层，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂35‑50份、环氧树脂20‑30份、聚苯醚13‑17份、二乙二醇丁醚1‑3份、聚丙烯纤维8‑10份、二甲苯15‑19份、苯基‑β‑萘胺7‑11份、醋酸乙酯5‑9份、四氟乙烯‑六氟丙稀共聚物3‑5份、消针孔剂0.5‑0.8份、偶联剂0.3‑0.5份、抗冻剂1‑2份、消泡剂3‑5份。本发明通过在耐候层上敷设耐候涂层，能有效提高耐候层的抗裂性能，防止其在寒冷的冬季耐不住低温发生冷缩而开裂的现象，从而避免太阳能电池板裸露出来与环境中的腐蚀介质接触而被腐蚀，抗裂性能好。

Description

一种太阳能电池背板结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种属于太阳能背板技术领域，具体地说，是涉及一种太阳能电池背板结构。
背景技术
太阳能组件是通过吸收太阳光，将太阳光能通过光电效应或光化学效应直接或间隔转换成电能的装置。现有的晶体硅太阳能组件主要包括钢化玻璃、EVA胶、电池片、背板和接线盒，其中，背板主要用于对太阳能元件进行保护，阻止水汽、酸性气体气和腐蚀性物质等对组件内部的电池片等造成损坏而造成光电转换性能衰减，因此背板的保护作用尤为重要。
作为太阳能电池主要部件的太阳能电池背板，要具有耐候性、并有效阻隔紫外线和水汽的性能。现有的太阳能电池背板通常采用TPT材料，它是以聚氟乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚氟乙烯（PVF/PET/PVT）三层独立的薄膜通过胶水的粘结热压成型。但是TPT材料成本较高，且热压成型的薄膜整体耐候性能差，因此，有必要对太阳能电池背板的结构进行改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种太阳能电池背板结构，主要解决现有太阳能电池背板成本较高、背板耐候性能较差的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种太阳能电池背板结构，包括PET基材层，设置于PET基材层两侧的粘合层，以及设置于所述粘合层另一侧的耐候层；所述耐候层上涂覆有耐候涂层，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂35-50份、环氧树脂20-30份、聚苯醚13-17份、二乙二醇丁醚1-3份、聚丙烯纤维8-10份、二甲苯15-19份、苯基-β-萘胺7-11份、醋酸乙酯5-9份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物3-5份、消针孔剂0.5-0.8份、偶联剂0.3-0.5份、抗冻剂1-2份、消泡剂3-5份。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述PET基材层的厚度为150-280μm，所述粘合层的厚度为3-8μm，所述耐候层的厚度为50-200μm。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述抗冻剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇中的至少一种。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述消针孔剂为丙烯酸酯。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种或多种
进一步地，在本发明中，所述偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷或者γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂50份、环氧树脂30份、聚苯醚16份、二乙二醇丁醚3份、聚丙烯纤维10份、二甲苯18份、苯基-β-萘胺10份、醋酸乙酯8份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物5份、消针孔剂0.8份、偶联剂0.3份、抗冻剂2份、消泡剂5份。
进一步地，在本发明中，所述耐候涂层的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（S1）将聚烯烃树脂、环氧树脂添加到反应釜中，向反应釜内通入氮气，排出反应釜内的空气，升温至120-140℃，保温混炼2-4h 得涂料基料备用；
（S2）将聚苯醚、二乙二醇丁醚、聚丙烯纤维加入到反应釜中，加热至110-115℃，保温15min，再加入偶联剂、抗冻剂继续搅拌2h，然后冷却至室温后，再调节体系pH至中性，静置2h；
（S3）将二甲苯、苯基-β-萘胺、醋酸乙酯、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物加入反应釜中，高速搅拌40min，再用超声波处理10-15min，然后再加入消针孔剂和消泡剂继续搅拌40min即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明采用PET作为太阳能背板的基层材料，有效降低了太阳能电池背板的成本，并且在耐候层上敷设耐候涂层，能有效提高耐候层的抗裂性能，防止其在寒冷的冬季耐不住低温发生冷缩而开裂的现象，从而避免太阳能电池板裸露出来与环境中的腐蚀介质接触而被腐蚀，抗裂性能好。其次，通过偶联剂使聚丙烯纤维对聚苯醚进行改性，并且在高压状态下促进改性，能有效改进聚苯醚的耐应力开裂性和抗冲击性能从而有效提高耐候涂层的抗裂性能，使用效果好。
附图说明
图1为本发明的剖面结构示意图。
其中，附图标记对应的名称为：
1-PET基材层，2-粘合层，3-耐候层，301-耐候涂层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明和实施例对本发明作进一步说明，本发明的方式包括但不仅限于以下实施例。
如图1所示，本发明公开的一种太阳能电池背板结构，包括PET基材层1，设置于PET基材层1两侧的粘合层2，以及设置于所述粘合层2另一侧的耐候层3；所述耐候层3上涂覆有耐候涂层301，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂35-50份、环氧树脂20-30份、聚苯醚13-17份、二乙二醇丁醚1-3份、聚丙烯纤维8-10份、二甲苯15-19份、苯基-β-萘胺7-11份、醋酸乙酯5-9份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物3-5份、消针孔剂0.5-0.8份、偶联剂0.3-0.5份、抗冻剂1-2份、消泡剂3-5份。
实施例1
在本实施例中，所述PET基材层的厚度为150μm，所述粘合层的厚度为3μm，所述耐候层的厚度为50μm。
其中，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂50份、环氧树脂30份、聚苯醚16份、二乙二醇丁醚3份、聚丙烯纤维10份、二甲苯18份、苯基-β-萘胺10份、醋酸乙酯8份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物5份、消针孔剂0.8份、偶联剂0.3份、抗冻剂2份、消泡剂5份。
在本实施例中，所述抗冻剂选用乙醇；所述消针孔剂为丙烯酸酯；所述消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚；所述偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
所述耐候涂层的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（S1）将聚烯烃树脂、环氧树脂添加到反应釜中，向反应釜内通入氮气，排出反应釜内的空气，升温至120-140℃，保温混炼2-4h 得涂料基料备用；
（S2）将聚苯醚、二乙二醇丁醚、聚丙烯纤维加入到反应釜中，加热至110-115℃，保温15min，再加入偶联剂、抗冻剂继续搅拌2h，然后冷却至室温后，再调节体系pH至中性，静置2h；
（S3）将二甲苯、苯基-β-萘胺、醋酸乙酯、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物加入反应釜中，高速搅拌40min，再用超声波处理10-15min，然后再加入消针孔剂和消泡剂继续搅拌40min即可。
实施例2
在本实施例中，所述PET基材层的厚度为240μm，所述粘合层的厚度为5μm，所述耐候层的厚度为120μm。
其中，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂35份、环氧树脂20份、聚苯醚13份、二乙二醇丁醚2份、聚丙烯纤维9份、二甲苯15份、苯基-β-萘胺7份、醋酸乙酯5份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物3份、消针孔剂0.5份、偶联剂0.5份、抗冻剂1份、消泡剂3份。
在本实施例中，所述抗冻剂选用乙醇；所述消针孔剂为丙烯酸酯；所述消泡剂为聚氧丙烯甘油醚；所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
实施例3
在本实施例中，所述PET基材层的厚度为280μm，所述粘合层的厚度为8μm，所述耐候层的厚度为200μm。
其中，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂45份、环氧树脂25份、聚苯醚15份、二乙二醇丁醚1份、聚丙烯纤维8份、二甲苯16份、苯基-β-萘胺8份、醋酸乙酯7份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物4份、消针孔剂0.7份、偶联剂0.4份、抗冻剂1份、消泡剂4份。
在本实施例中，所述抗冻剂选用乙二醇；所述消针孔剂为丙烯酸酯；所述消泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷；所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
将实施例1-3制得的太阳能电池背板进行相应的性能测试，结果如下表1所示。
表1：
Figure 155544DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
通过上表可以看出，本发明通过在耐候层上敷设耐候涂层，能有效提高耐候层的抗裂性能，防止其在寒冷的冬季耐不住低温发生冷缩而开裂的现象，从而避免太阳能电池板裸露出来与环境中的腐蚀介质接触而被腐蚀，抗裂性能好。其次，通过偶联剂使聚丙烯纤维对聚苯醚进行改性，并且在高压状态下促进改性，能有效改进聚苯醚的耐应力开裂性和抗冲击性能从而有效提高耐候涂层的抗裂性能，使用效果好。
上述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施方式之一，不应当用于限制本发明的保护范围，但凡在本发明的主体设计思想和精神上作出的毫无实质意义的改动或润色，其所解决的技术问题仍然与本发明一致的，均应当包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，包括PET基材层（1），设置于PET基材层（1）两侧的粘合层（2），以及设置于所述粘合层（2）另一侧的耐候层（3）；所述耐候层（3）上涂覆有耐候涂层（301），所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂35-50份、环氧树脂20-30份、聚苯醚13-17份、二乙二醇丁醚1-3份、聚丙烯纤维8-10份、二甲苯15-19份、苯基-β-萘胺7-11份、醋酸乙酯5-9份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物3-5份、消针孔剂0.5-0.8份、偶联剂0.3-0.5份、抗冻剂1-2份、消泡剂3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述PET基材层的厚度为150-280μm，所述粘合层的厚度为3-8μm，所述耐候层的厚度为50-200μm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述抗冻剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述消针孔剂为丙烯酸酯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷或者γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述耐候涂层由以下重量份的原料制成：聚烯烃树脂50份、环氧树脂30份、聚苯醚16份、二乙二醇丁醚3份、聚丙烯纤维10份、二甲苯18份、苯基-β-萘胺10份、醋酸乙酯8份、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物5份、消针孔剂0.8份、偶联剂0.3份、抗冻剂2份、消泡剂5份。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种太阳能电池背板结构，其特征在于，所述耐候涂层的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（S1）将聚烯烃树脂、环氧树脂添加到反应釜中，向反应釜内通入氮气，排出反应釜内的空气，升温至120-140℃，保温混炼2-4h 得涂料基料备用；
（S2）将聚苯醚、二乙二醇丁醚、聚丙烯纤维加入到反应釜中，加热至110-115℃，保温15min，再加入偶联剂、抗冻剂继续搅拌2h，然后冷却至室温后，再调节体系pH至中性，静置2h；
（S3）将二甲苯、苯基-β-萘胺、醋酸乙酯、四氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物加入反应釜中，高速搅拌40min，再用超声波处理10-15min，然后再加入消针孔剂和消泡剂继续搅拌40min即可。
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CN102533010A (zh) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-04 雅泰实业集团有限公司 一种耐候涂料
CN105670372A (zh) * 2014-11-19 2016-06-15 沈阳顺风新城建筑材料有限公司 一种大掺量粉煤灰干粉外墙腻子
CN106024956A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 一种耐候高导热率太阳能背板
CN109929421A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-25 安徽唯楚新材料有限公司 一种建筑幕墙铝单板用抗裂涂料及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102533010A (zh) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-04 雅泰实业集团有限公司 一种耐候涂料
CN105670372A (zh) * 2014-11-19 2016-06-15 沈阳顺风新城建筑材料有限公司 一种大掺量粉煤灰干粉外墙腻子
CN106024956A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 一种耐候高导热率太阳能背板
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