CN115110170A - High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application - Google Patents
High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115110170A CN115110170A CN202210725973.6A CN202210725973A CN115110170A CN 115110170 A CN115110170 A CN 115110170A CN 202210725973 A CN202210725973 A CN 202210725973A CN 115110170 A CN115110170 A CN 115110170A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- radiation protection
- nuclear
- pva fiber
- filling
- pva
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/50—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyalcohols, polyacetals or polyketals
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation protection, and discloses a high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection comprises the following steps: surface modification of functional particles, preparation of spinning stock solution and solution spinning. According to the invention, a large number of polar groups are constructed on the surface of the nuclear radiation protection functional particle by a surface modification means, so that the polar groups and hydroxyl groups on a PVA molecular chain generate strong interaction, suspension of the high-filling functional particle in PVA dispersion liquid and stable solution spinning process are ensured, and finally the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection is obtained. The radiation protection fabric further processed by the high-filling PVA fiber has excellent nuclear radiation protection and wearing comfort, has a higher application prospect in the fields of nuclear operation, nuclear emergency and the like, and provides a new preparation method which is simple and convenient to operate, stable in process and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation protection, and particularly relates to a high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, a preparation method and application.
Background
In nuclear radiation environments such as nuclear power stations, national defense and medical treatment, various rays such as alpha, beta, gamma-rays, X-rays, neutrons and protons generally exist at the same time, which can cause cell damage, canceration and even gene mutation of organisms, and effective protection and control are needed. The characteristics of neutron and gamma ray are different, and the neutron and gamma ray are the two most difficult to protect and the most harmful rays in a plurality of high-energy rays, and the current commercial protective materials or products are either neutron-resistant or gamma-ray-resistant.
Secondly, in the operation of nuclear facilities and equipment, the overhaul of the equipment and the treatment of abnormal events, especially, the ventilation and moisture permeability of the working environment at 40-50 ℃ are poor, sweat secreted by a human body cannot be timely discharged when a rubber product is worn, so that the wearing comfort of the product is poor, and the working efficiency of nuclear personnel is affected.
Finally, according to the radiation protection theory, the radiation protection functional particles are filled into the polymer matrix in a high proportion, so that the radiation protection effect of the flexible material can be improved. However, the radiation protection functional particles are generally difficult to be well compatible with the polymer matrix, especially with highly filled fibers, which results in unstable spinning process and reduces the strength and toughness of the flexible material, and finally affects the practical use performance of the wearable radiation protection product.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the existing wearable radiation protection product has single radiation protection function and is difficult to meet the radiation protection requirement of radiation environment, and materials capable of simultaneously protecting neutrons and gamma rays and the wearable product thereof need to be developed.
(2) The existing rubber products almost have no air and moisture permeable functions, so that the wearable radiation protection products are low in wearing comfort, and the working efficiency of nuclear personnel is influenced.
(3) Under the condition of the existing processing technology, the functional particle filling amount of the polymer fiber is not high, so that the radiation effect of the polymer fiber and the fabric thereof is not good, and the radiation protection requirement is difficult to achieve.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: firstly, the neutron and the gamma ray can be protected together by adopting any technical means; secondly, the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the wearable product can be improved by adopting any technical means; finally, the technical means can realize the high filling of the functional particles into the polymer fibers, ensure the stability of the spinning process, and the like. The above three points are the difficulties in the prior art for preparing a radiation protection product with radiation protection safety and wearing comfort.
The significance for solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the common protection of neutrons and gamma rays can be realized, so that the application of the wearable product in personal protection in a mixed field can be expanded; secondly, the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the radiation protection product are developed, so that the radiation protection product is comfortable to wear, and the working efficiency of nuclear personnel is improved; finally, the high-filling fiber spinning process is stable, the high-filling polymer fibers can be successfully prepared, and the radiation protection safety of the wearable product is ensured. With the rapid development and application of nuclear science and technology, nuclear activities are more frequent, and the development of wearable radiation protection products with radiation protection safety and comfortable wearing is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that the preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection comprises the following steps:
step one, surface modification of functional particles: adding the nuclear radiation protection functional particles into an aqueous solution containing a surface modifier, and reducing the size and modifying the surface of the nuclear radiation protection functional particles by adopting a sanding technology;
step two, preparing a spinning solution: adding PVA into the suspension, heating and stirring to obtain a highly filled spinning solution;
step three, solution spinning: and defoaming the spinning solution, spinning, solidifying and forming, hot stretching and hot setting to obtain the high-filling PVA fiber.
Further, in the step one, the nuclear radiation protection functional particles are any one or more of a mixture of a heavy metal simple substance, a heavy metal oxide, a heavy metal salt particle and a boron-containing substance or structure.
Further, the simple metal substances comprise heavy metals including lead, iron, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum and barium; the metal oxide comprises heavy metal oxides including lead oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, tantalum oxide and barium oxide; the metal salt comprises heavy metal salts including lead tungstate, bismuth tantalate, barium tantalate and bismuth ferrite; the boron-containing substance comprises simple substance boron, boron nitride, boron carbide, lead borate and bismuth borate; the boron-containing structure comprises a core-shell structure including boron nitride-coated lead tungstate, boron nitride-coated bismuth tungstate, lead tungstate-coated boron nitride, bismuth tungstate-coated boron nitride, lead tungstate-coated boron carbide and bismuth tungstate-coated boron carbide.
Further, in the first step, the surfactant is any one or more of dopamine, polymaleic anhydride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) succinate sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyethylene glycol.
Further, in the step one, the mass of the functional particles is 50-300 g, the mass of the surfactant is 0.1-10g, the mass of the water is 200-800 g, the sanding temperature is 10-40 ℃, and the sanding time is 0.5-10 h.
Further, in the second step, the PVA content is 50-150 g, the heating temperature is 70-98 ℃, and the stirring time is 4-12 h.
Further, in the third step, the aperture of the spinneret orifice is 0.04-0.1 mm, the solidification forming temperature is 30-50 ℃, the hot stretching temperature is 180-230 ℃, the stretching multiple is 2.5-4.5 times, the heat setting temperature is 240-280 ℃, and the heat setting time is 1-5 min.
The invention also aims to provide the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, which is prepared by the preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wearable radiation protection article for nuclear operations and nuclear emergency field, which is made of the highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 8.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wearable radiation protection device for nuclear operations and nuclear emergency field, which is manufactured by processing the highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 8.
In combination with the technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected in the present invention from the following aspects:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with results, data and the like in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects are brought after the problems are solved. The specific description is as follows:
the difficulty in solving the problems in the background art in the industry is as follows: firstly, the technical means can realize the common protection of neutrons and gamma rays; secondly, the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the wearable product can be improved by adopting any technical means; finally, the technical means can realize the high filling of the functional particles into the polymer fibers, ensure the stability of the spinning process, and the like. The three points are the difficulties in the prior art for preparing the radiation protection product with safe radiation protection and comfortable wearing.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the common protection of neutrons and gamma rays can be realized, so that the application of the wearable product in personal protection in a mixed field can be expanded; secondly, the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the radiation protection product are developed, so that the radiation protection product is comfortable to wear, and the working efficiency of nuclear personnel is improved; finally, the high-filling fiber spinning process is stable, the high-filling polymer fibers can be successfully prepared, and the radiation protection safety of the wearable product is ensured. With the rapid development and application of nuclear science and technology, nuclear activities are more frequent, and the development of wearable radiation protection products with radiation protection safety and comfortable wearing is urgently needed.
Secondly, considering the technical scheme as a whole or from the perspective of products, the technical effect and advantages of the technical scheme to be protected by the invention are specifically described as follows:
according to the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, particles with the function of protecting neutrons and gamma rays together are selected as the filler, so that the application of a wearable product in a mixed field can be ensured; secondly, the radiation protection functional particles are filled in the PVA matrix and solution spinning is carried out to prepare high-filling fibers, and the processed fabric and the wearable product have air permeability and moisture permeability, so that the wearing comfort of the product is improved; and finally, modifying the surface of the radiation protection functional particles to form a large number of hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups on a PVA chain, enhancing the interaction between the radiation protection functional particles and the PVA, ensuring the suspension of the high-filling dispersion liquid and realizing the stable solution spinning process, and obtaining the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, wherein the functional particles are uniformly dispersed in the PVA fiber and have good compatibility with the interface.
The radiation protection fabric further processed by the high-filling PVA fiber prepared by the invention has excellent nuclear radiation protection and wearing comfort, the protection efficiency of 2.5mm to thermal neutrons (0.025eV) is more than 90%, the protection efficiency to energy less than 150mev gamma-rays is more than 30%, the air permeability is more than 60mm/s, and the moisture permeability is more than 3000g/(m2 d). The invention provides a solution for realizing radiation protection safety and a radiation protection product comfortable to wear, has a higher application prospect in the fields of nuclear-related operation, nuclear emergency and the like, and provides a new preparation method which is simple and convenient to operate, stable in process and low in cost.
Third, as an inventive supplementary proof of the claims of the present invention, there are also presented several important aspects:
(1) the expected income and commercial value after the technical scheme of the invention is converted are as follows:
in the nuclear fuel circulation process, more manual participation links are required, such as process operation, equipment maintenance, emergency and the like in the spent fuel post-treatment process. In order to protect nuclear personnel from excessive exposure, effective safeguards must be taken to minimize radiation damage during normal operation of nuclear facility equipment, abnormal events and accidents. At present, the domestic intermediate test plant with the spent fuel post-treatment capacity has the post-treatment capacity of 50 tons/year. At present, 200 tons/year spent fuel post-treatment plants are built, and in the future, larger and more commercial post-treatment plants are built, so that not only domestic service but also international service are required, and the spent fuel treatment capacity is multiplied. And the spent fuel post-treatment process needs to be equipped with radiation protection clothing products to protect workers from excessive radiation. Secondly, there are involved nuclear activities in other processes such as nuclear material mining, processing, also need to equip wearable goods such as radiation protection clothes. According to the practical conditions of nuclear involved units such as 'energy development planning' and the current China-Nuclear, Guangdong-Nuclear, 'two factories and three courtyards', military systems and the like, the demand of wearable radiation products is about 4000 sets/year, and the value of the wearable radiation products is over billion yuan RMB. With the rapid development and application of nuclear technology in the field of nuclear energy, fiber-based wearable radiation protection articles have great market demands in the future.
(2) The technical scheme of the invention solves the technical problem that people are eagerly to solve but can not be successfully solved all the time:
the high-filling radiation protection fiber developed by the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problem that the radiation protection safety and the wearing comfort of the conventional commercial wearable radiation protection product are difficult to be considered simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the preparation process of the highly filled PVA fiber provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a highly filled PVA fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
First, an embodiment is explained. This section is an explanatory embodiment expanding on the claims so as to fully understand how the present invention is embodied by those skilled in the art.
In the prior art, a wearable radiation protection product has a single radiation protection function, and is difficult to meet the radiation protection requirement of a radiation environment, so that materials capable of simultaneously protecting neutrons and gamma rays and the wearable product thereof need to be developed; the existing rubber product almost has no air and moisture permeable functions, so that the wearable radiation protection product has low wearing comfort and the working efficiency of nuclear personnel is influenced; under the condition of the existing processing technology, the functional particle filling amount of the polymer fiber is not high, so that the radiation effect of the polymer fiber and the fabric thereof is not good, and the radiation protection requirement is difficult to achieve.
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection and a preparation method thereof, where the preparation method of the highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection includes: surface modification of functional particles, preparation of spinning stock solution and solution spinning. According to the invention, a large number of polar groups are constructed on the surface of the nuclear radiation protection functional particle by a surface modification means, so that the polar groups and hydroxyl groups on a PVA molecular chain generate strong interaction, suspension of the high-filling functional particle in PVA dispersion liquid and stable solution spinning process are ensured, and finally the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection is obtained. The radiation protection fabric further processed by the high-filling PVA fiber prepared by the invention has excellent nuclear radiation protection and wearing comfort, the protection efficiency of 2.5mm to thermal neutrons (0.025eV) is more than 90%, the protection efficiency to energy less than 150keV gamma-rays is more than 30%, the air permeability is more than 60mm/s, and the moisture permeability is more than 3000 g/(m) m 2 D). The invention provides a solution for realizing radiation protection safety and considering wearing comfort of a radiation protection product, has a higher application prospect in the fields of nuclear-related operation, nuclear emergency and the like, and provides a new preparation method which is simple and convenient to operate, stable in process and low in cost.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, surface modification of functional particles: adding the nuclear radiation protection functional particles into an aqueous solution containing a surface modifier, and reducing the size and modifying the surface of the nuclear radiation protection functional particles by adopting a sanding technology to ensure the stability of a suspension;
s102, preparing a spinning solution: adding PVA into the suspension, and fully heating and stirring to obtain a high-filling spinning solution;
s103, solution spinning: and (3) defoaming the spinning solution, spinning, solidifying and forming, hot stretching and hot setting to obtain the high-filling PVA fiber.
In the step S101 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the nuclear radiation protection functional particles are one or more of elemental heavy metals, heavy metal oxides, heavy metal salt particles, and boron-containing substances or structures;
wherein the metal simple substance comprises heavy metals such as lead, iron, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum, barium and the like; the metal oxide includes heavy metal oxides such as lead oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, etc.; the metal salt comprises lead tungstate, bismuth tantalate, barium tantalate and bismuth ferrite heavy metal salt; the boron-containing substances comprise boron nitride, boron carbide, lead borate, bismuth borate and the like; the boron-containing structure comprises core-shell structures such as elemental boron, boron nitride-coated lead tungstate, boron nitride-coated bismuth tungstate, lead tungstate-coated boron nitride, bismuth tungstate-coated boron nitride, lead tungstate-coated boron carbide, bismuth tungstate-coated boron carbide and the like.
In the embodiment of the invention, particles with the common protection function of neutrons and gamma rays are selected as the filler, so that the application of wearable products in a mixed field can be ensured; secondly, the radiation protection functional particles are filled in the PVA matrix and solution spinning is carried out to prepare the high-filling fiber, and the processed fabric and the wearable product have air permeability and moisture permeability, so that the wearing comfort of the product is improved; and finally, modifying the surface of the radiation protection functional particles to form a large number of hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups on a PVA chain, enhancing the interaction between the radiation protection functional particles and the PVA, ensuring the suspension of the high-filling dispersion liquid and realizing the stable solution spinning process, and obtaining the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, wherein the functional particles are uniformly dispersed in the PVA fiber and have good compatibility with the interface. The invention provides a solution for realizing radiation protection safety and considering wearing comfort of a radiation protection product, has a higher application prospect in the fields of nuclear-related operation, nuclear emergency and the like, and provides a new preparation method which is simple and convenient to operate, stable in process and low in cost.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) sanding 50g of tungsten powder, 0.1g of polyethylene glycol and 200g of water at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 5 hours to form suspension;
(2) adding 50g of PVA into the suspension, and stirring for 10 hours at 85 ℃ to obtain spinning solution;
(3) defoaming the spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret plate with the aperture of a spinneret orifice of 0.04mm, solidifying and forming in a solidification bath at 40 ℃, thermally stretching for 3 times at 200 ℃, and finally thermally setting for 1min at 260 ℃.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) 300g of boron carbide, 5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 800g of water are ground for 0.5 h at the temperature of 40 ℃ to form a suspension;
(2) adding 150g of PVA into the suspension, and stirring for 5 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain spinning solution;
(3) defoaming the spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret plate with the aperture of a spinneret orifice of 0.1mm, solidifying and forming the spinning solution in a coagulating bath at 30 ℃, thermally stretching the spinning solution for 2.5 times at 180 ℃, and finally thermally setting the spinning solution for 5min at 240 ℃.
Example 4
The preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) 200g of lead borate, 2g of sodium lignosulfonate, 5g of sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate and 500g of water are sanded for 10 hours at 10 ℃ to form a suspension;
(2) adding 100g of PVA into the suspension, and stirring for 6 hours at 98 ℃ to obtain spinning stock solution;
(3) defoaming the spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret plate with the aperture of a spinneret orifice of 0.08mm, solidifying and forming the spinning solution in a coagulating bath at 50 ℃, thermally stretching the spinning solution by 4.5 times at 230 ℃, and finally thermally setting the spinning solution for 2min at 280 ℃.
Example 5
The preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) sanding 220g of bismuth oxide, 10g of polymaleic anhydride and 600g of water at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 6 hours to form suspension;
(2) adding 150g of PVA into the suspension, and stirring for 12h at 90 ℃ to obtain spinning solution;
(3) defoaming the spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret plate with the aperture of a spinneret orifice of 0.06mm, solidifying and forming in a coagulating bath at 30 ℃, thermally stretching for 3 times at 200 ℃, and finally thermally setting for 3min at 270 ℃.
And II, application embodiment. In order to prove the creativity and the technical value of the technical scheme of the invention, the part is the application example of the technical scheme of the claims on specific products or related technologies.
The high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection provided by the embodiment of the invention can be further processed into textile fabric and wearable products thereof, has multiple functions of radiation protection, ventilation and the like, can be applied to personal protection of nuclear personnel in the fields of nuclear operation, nuclear emergency and medical health, ensures the safety of radiation protection and the comfort of wearing of products, and improves the working efficiency of the nuclear personnel.
And thirdly, evidence of relevant effects of the embodiment. The embodiment of the invention achieves some positive effects in the process of research and development or use, and has great advantages compared with the prior art, and the following contents are described by combining data, diagrams and the like in the test process.
TABLE 1 published Properties of currently marketed radiation protective garments
Table 1 shows the published performance of the current representative commercial radiation protective clothing, and it can be found that the current radiation protective clothing is difficult to protect neutrons and gamma rays at the same time, and more importantly, the material is rubber, and does not have air permeability and moisture permeability. FIG. 2 is a cross section of a highly filled PVA fiber, and it can be found that the highly filled functional particles are uniformly dispersed and have good interface compatibility, ensuring that the highly filled fiber has good mechanical and radiation protection properties. The textile fabric and the wearable radiation protection product thereof provided by the high-filling PVA fiber have the special air and moisture permeability of the textile fabric besides the common protection function of neutrons and gamma rays, can improve the wearing comfort of the wearable product, and are beneficial to improving the work efficiency of auditors.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, surface modification of functional particles: adding the nuclear radiation protection functional particles into an aqueous solution containing a surface modifier, and reducing the size and modifying the surface of the nuclear radiation protection functional particles by adopting a sanding technology;
step two, preparing a spinning solution: adding PVA into the suspension, heating and stirring to obtain a highly filled spinning solution;
step three, solution spinning: and defoaming the spinning solution, spinning, solidifying and forming, hot stretching and hot setting to obtain the high-filling PVA fiber.
2. The method for preparing highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the nuclear radiation protection functional particle is any one or more of a mixture of a heavy metal simple substance, a heavy metal oxide, a heavy metal salt particle and a boron-containing substance or structure.
3. The method for preparing highly filled PVA fiber for radioprotection according to claim 2, wherein the elemental metal comprises heavy metals including lead, iron, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum and barium; the metal oxide comprises heavy metal oxides including lead oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, tantalum oxide and barium oxide; the metal salt comprises heavy metal salts including lead tungstate, bismuth tantalate, barium tantalate and bismuth ferrite; the boron-containing substance comprises simple substance boron, boron nitride, boron carbide, lead borate and bismuth borate; the boron-containing structure comprises a core-shell structure including boron nitride-coated lead tungstate, boron nitride-coated bismuth tungstate, lead tungstate-coated boron nitride, bismuth tungstate-coated boron nitride, lead tungstate-coated boron carbide and bismuth tungstate-coated boron carbide.
4. The method for preparing highly filled PVA fiber for radioprotection according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the surfactant is any one or more of dopamine, polymaleic anhydride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and polyethylene glycol.
5. The method for preparing highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the functional particles have a mass of 50 to 300g, the surfactant has a mass of 0.1 to 10g, the water has a mass of 200 to 800g, the sanding temperature is 10 to 40 ℃, and the sanding time is 0.5 to 10 hours.
6. The preparation method of the highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the PVA content is 50-150 g, the heating temperature is 70-98 ℃, and the stirring time is 4-12 h.
7. The method for preparing highly filled PVA fiber for radiation protection according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the diameter of the spinneret hole is 0.04 to 0.1mm, the solidification temperature is 30 to 50 ℃, the hot drawing temperature is 180 to 230 ℃, the drawing ratio is 2.5 to 4.5 times, the heat setting temperature is 240 to 280 ℃, and the heat setting time is 1 to 5 min.
8. A high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, prepared by the preparation method of the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A wearable radiation protection article in the fields of nuclear operations and nuclear emergencies, which is processed and manufactured by the high-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection in the claim 8.
10. A wearable radiation protection device in the fields of nuclear operation and nuclear emergency, which is characterized in that the wearable radiation protection device in the fields of nuclear operation and nuclear emergency is manufactured by processing the high-filling PVA fibers for radiation protection according to claim 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210725973.6A CN115110170A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210725973.6A CN115110170A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115110170A true CN115110170A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
Family
ID=83329310
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210725973.6A Pending CN115110170A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115110170A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1088636A (en) * | 1992-12-19 | 1994-06-29 | 天津纺织工学院 | Neutron and gamma ray radiation shield fibre and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104178833A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-03 | 王基峰 | Fabric fiber containing boron carbide component |
| CN104328511A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-02-04 | 九力绳缆有限公司 | Preparation method for high-strength high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fibers |
| CN106192039A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 西南科技大学 | The preparation method that radiation protection is polymer composite fibrous |
| CN109608890A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-12 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of silicon rubber radiation protection nanocomposite |
| CN111231441A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-05 | 西南科技大学 | Multifunctional nuclear radiation protection double-layer fabric and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-06-23 CN CN202210725973.6A patent/CN115110170A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1088636A (en) * | 1992-12-19 | 1994-06-29 | 天津纺织工学院 | Neutron and gamma ray radiation shield fibre and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104178833A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-03 | 王基峰 | Fabric fiber containing boron carbide component |
| CN104328511A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-02-04 | 九力绳缆有限公司 | Preparation method for high-strength high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fibers |
| CN106192039A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 西南科技大学 | The preparation method that radiation protection is polymer composite fibrous |
| CN109608890A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-12 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of silicon rubber radiation protection nanocomposite |
| CN111231441A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-05 | 西南科技大学 | Multifunctional nuclear radiation protection double-layer fabric and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 梁威,杨青芳,马爱洁,薛丹,祖恩锋: "防辐射纤维及材料的研究进展", 玻璃钢/复合材料, no. 05, pages 51 - 55 * |
| 段谨源 等: "防中子辐射纤维的研制性能分析", 天津纺织工学院学报, vol. 12, no. 02, pages 59 - 64 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110359151B (en) | Nuclear radiation protection yarn with temperature control function and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109903871B (en) | High-performance nuclear radiation shielding device and technology based on graphene nano material | |
| CN104900282B (en) | Gamma radiation protective clothing preparing method | |
| CN104389076B (en) | There is moisture absorbing and sweat releasing, antibacterial and anlistatig multifunctional fabric and production method thereof | |
| CN106192039A (en) | The preparation method that radiation protection is polymer composite fibrous | |
| CN111231441B (en) | Multifunctional nuclear radiation protection double-layer fabric and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110983779B (en) | Preparation method of sheath-core structure fiber for jointly protecting neutrons and gamma rays | |
| CN112063159A (en) | Breathable X/gamma ray shielding composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110356061A (en) | A kind of anti-electromagnetic radiation/antibacterial fabric and preparation method based on carbon nanomaterial | |
| CN104021831A (en) | Neutron radiation protective clothing material and preparation method | |
| CN108411492A (en) | A kind of preparation method of X, gamma-rays protection non-woven fabrics | |
| CN115110170A (en) | High-filling PVA fiber for radiation protection, preparation method and application | |
| CN109098005A (en) | A kind of coating and preparation method thereof for shell fabric for fire garment | |
| CN112011180A (en) | Wave-absorbing radiation-proof plastic and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113072752B (en) | Rubber composite material with excellent nuclear protection and flexibility and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111469506A (en) | Novel nuclear radiation protection material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113511867A (en) | Radiation-proof concrete doped with rare earth composite material | |
| CN206899900U (en) | A kind of medical leadless environment-friendly type radiation proof flame resistant garments fabric | |
| CN108118523B (en) | Lead-free radiation protection cloth and preparation method thereof | |
| KR100845055B1 (en) | Radioactive ray shield | |
| CN109411103A (en) | One heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material and its preparation method and application | |
| KR20010095618A (en) | Material for shielding of radiation and protective equipment preparaed by using the same | |
| CN109811450A (en) | A kind of nuclear radiation shield fabric and its manufacturing method | |
| JP2002267793A (en) | Neutron protective wear | |
| CN204029403U (en) | A kind of neutron radiation protective clothing package material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20221012 Address after: 621010, No. 59, Qinglong Avenue, Fucheng District, Sichuan, Mianyang Applicant after: Southwest University of Science and Technology Applicant after: Sichuan Dongcai Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 621010, No. 59, Qinglong Avenue, Fucheng District, Sichuan, Mianyang Applicant before: Southwest University of Science and Technology |