CN115110003B - Steel for main bearing of heading machine and production method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for main bearing of heading machine and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 aluminum silicon iron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Al]O[Al] BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000754 repressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
Abstract
The invention provides steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.41 to 0.46 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.85 to 1.15 percent of Mn, 1.20 to 1.40 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Al, 0.15 to 0.35 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of V, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Ni, 0.0050 to 0.015 percent of RE and the balance of Fe. According to the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, provided by the invention, the Mn and Cr element contents are improved on the basis of the traditional design of the main bearing components of the large wind power or the heading machine, so that the hardenability of the material is improved, and the matrix structure of the core part of the bearing is improved; and the low-temperature impact toughness of the material is improved by reducing the content of Ni, P and S elements and adding a small amount of V, RE elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of main bearings of heading machines, in particular to steel for a main bearing of a heading machine and a production method thereof.
Background
The main bearing of the heading machine bears multiple loads during working, the fatigue life is generally required to be higher than 10000 hours, the requirements on the cleanliness and the low-temperature impact toughness of the material are severe, and the performance requirements of the common 42CrMo4 material are difficult to meet. For example, chinese patent CN 104532140A discloses a steel for a large-size bearing ring of a shield tunneling machine and a heat treatment method thereof, and on the basis of common 42CrMo, by adding a proper amount of Ni element and C element, the requirements of the steel for a large-size bearing ring on hardenability, surface quenching hardness, core toughness and hardness are satisfied. However, the method does not mention the cleanliness control of steel with great influence on fatigue life, and meanwhile, the material component design has high content of noble metal Ni element, but low content of Mn and Cr element, high alloying cost of the material and limited hardenability, and is not beneficial to the structure control of the main bearing of the heading machine with larger size.
Due to the ultra-long service life requirement (the service life is usually more than or equal to 20 years, the offshore wind power bearing is even more than or equal to 25 years), various materials are developed on the basis of the common 42CrMo4 material, and the cleanliness, mechanical property, low-temperature impact property and the like of the materials are improved. As disclosed in chinese patent CN 11257514A, a smelting process of 42CrMo4 steel for large shaft forgings and application thereof are disclosed, the purity of 42CrMo4 steel is improved by a distributed refining process in a smelting stage, a refining stage and a vacuum refining stage, but the method feeds Ca-Si wire into molten steel before VD vacuum refining stage, so that large-particle high aluminate inclusion appears in steel, and the fatigue life of steel is unfavorable; chinese patent CN 106702099A discloses a manufacturing process of quenched and tempered steel 42CrMo4 for wind power main shafts with the diameter not smaller than phi 450mm, and the problem of stability of mechanical properties after quenching and tempering is solved by adding vanadium, niobium and nickel strengthening elements, but the mechanical properties and impact properties still can not meet the requirements of the main bearing gear ring of a development machine, and the problems of insufficient guarantee capability of nonmetallic inclusion and white point are also faced; and Chinese patent CN 110055473A discloses an impact-resistant bearing steel with ultra-long service life, and the impact resistance of the steel at high speed is obviously improved by adding elements lithium and cesium, but the impact absorption work of the material is low, nonmetallic inclusions such as titanium nitride, calcium aluminate and the like which have obvious influence on fatigue life are not mentioned, the hardness is high, and the technical requirement of the steel for the main bearing of the development machine is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a steel structure which is used for producing a main bearing of a heading machine and has high cleanliness and high-low temperature impact toughness and a production method thereof, and the cleanliness and the low temperature impact toughness of steel are greatly improved through material composition design and process control, and the fatigue performance and the impact resistance of the material are improved.
The invention provides steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.41％-0.46％Si：0.15％-0.35％Mn：0.85％-1.15％Cr：1.20％-1.40％
Al：0.01％-0.05％Mo：0.15％-0.35％Cu≤0.15％V：0.05％-0.10％
ni:0.30% -0.50% re:0.0050% -0.015% of Fe and the balance of Fe.
The invention also provides a production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
converter smelting process: controlling the molten iron to be fed into the converter in the converter process to be less than or equal to 0.09 percent, controlling the S to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and controlling the scrap steel ratio to be less than or equal to 20 percent; the steel tapping oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0350%, the steel tapping carbon content is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.12%, and carbon and aluminum blocks are sequentially added for deoxidization in the tapping process of the converter; molten steel alloying is carried out by adopting micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium, nickel plate and carbon; adding lime into a ladle to fuse into slag, wherein the amount of the fused slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage of the fused slag are 45-60% of CaO, less than or equal to 3% of SiO2 and 35-45% of Al2O 3;
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow rate to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added twice in the earlier stage of LF smelting; 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added in the middle stage of LF smelting, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 67Pa-110Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 35min-45min, rare earth alloy is added after RE-pressing, RE content is controlled to be 0.0050% -0.015%, and soft blowing time is controlled to be 25min-50min;
casting procedure: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank or a steel ingot by adopting a protection casting mode.
Optionally, carbon is added for pre-deoxidation in the initial tapping process of the converter, and the carbon addition amount is 0.15kg/t-0.25kg/t.
Optionally, the lime content added into the ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0kg/t in the tapping process of the converter.
Optionally, in the converter smelting process, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag discharging amount of tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0kg/t; and then adopting a slag dragging or skimming mode to remove not less than half of slag in the ladle furnace, and continuously adding lime to fuse the slag into the slag, wherein the amount of the fused slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0kg/t.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the steel for the main bearing of the development machine, the principle that Mn and Cr elements can effectively improve the hardenability of steel materials is known in the industry, mn/Cr alloy elements enhance the stability of supercooled austenite, so that the hardenability of the materials is improved; in the invention, mn and Cr elements are respectively set to 0.85-1.15 percent and 1.20-1.40 percent, so that the purposes of improving the hardenability of the material and improving the matrix structure of the bearing core are achieved; in addition, the invention can compensate the adverse effect brought by increasing Mn content to a certain extent by adding a small amount of V and RE; and because Cr element is too high, residual austenite is increased in the quenching process, and the hardness of the material is reduced; harmful elements such as P/S and the like are biased at a grain boundary, so that the binding force of the grain boundary is reduced, the impact toughness of the material is reduced, the influence is more serious in a low-temperature environment, the expansion rate of cracks in the material is reduced by Ni element, the notch sensitivity of the material is reduced, and the impact performance of the material is improved; v, RE can improve the low temperature impact toughness of the material by refining the grain size.
(2) According to the production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, provided by the invention, the contents of Ca, ti and O in the steel are greatly reduced, the contents of nonmetallic inclusions such as oxides and titanium nitride are reduced, and the number of large-particle inclusions is reduced and the fatigue life of the material is prolonged by controlling the process of the smelting-refining-continuous casting procedure.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
The invention provides steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components:
C：0.41％-0.46％Si：0.15％-0.35％Mn：0.85％-1.15％Cr：1.20％-1.40％
Al：0.01％-0.05％Mo：0.15％-0.35％Cu≤0.15％V：0.05％-0.10％
ni:0.30% -0.50% re:0.0050% -0.015% of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
The invention also provides a production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
converter smelting process: in the converter process, the molten iron is charged to control P to be less than or equal to 0.09%, S to be less than or equal to 0.003%, the scrap steel ratio to be less than or equal to 20%, the tapping oxygen content to be less than or equal to 0.0350% and the tapping carbon content to be more than or equal to 0.12%; adding carbon and aluminum blocks in sequence for deoxidization in the tapping process of the rotary furnace; molten steel alloying is carried out by adopting micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium, nickel plate and carbon; adding lime into a ladle to fuse into slag, wherein the amount of the fused slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage of the fused slag are 45-60% of CaO, less than or equal to 3% of SiO2 and 35-45% of Al2O 3;
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow rate to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added twice in the earlier stage of LF smelting; 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added in the middle stage of LF smelting, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 67Pa-110Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 35min-45min, rare earth alloy is added after RE-pressing, RE content is controlled to be 0.0050% -0.015%, and soft blowing time is controlled to be 25min-50min;
casting procedure: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank or a steel ingot by adopting a protection casting mode.
Optionally, the deoxidized carbon addition amount is 0.15kg/t-0.25kg/t in the converter smelting process.
Optionally, the lime content added into the ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0kg/t in the converter smelting process.
Optionally, in the converter smelting process, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag discharging amount of tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0kg/t.
Optionally, in the converter smelting process, a slag dragging or skimming mode is adopted, and lime is continuously added to fuse slag after not less than half of slag in the ladle furnace is removed, wherein the amount of fused slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0kg/t.
Example 1:
the invention provides a production method of steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
converter smelting process: controlling molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.09%, S:0.005%, controlling the scrap steel ratio to 20%, controlling the tapping oxygen content to 0.0250% and controlling the tapping carbon content to 0.15%; after tapping for about 5t, sequentially adding 100kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks for deoxidization; after tapping for about 30t, sequentially adding micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, nickel plate and carbon to perform molten steel alloying operation; in the later stage of tapping, lime (the addition amount of the lime is 2.5 kg/t) is added into a ladle to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 1.5 kg/t); adopting a double slag blocking mode of a slag blocking cone and a sliding plate, wherein the slag discharging amount of tapping is about 1.5kg/t; and removing half of slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag-fishing or slag-skimming mode, and adding lime (the addition amount of lime is 2.5 kg/t) to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the fusion synthetic slag amount is 2.0 kg/t).
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow rate to be 2.5L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, 30kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time and 20kg are added for the second time in the earlier stage of LF smelting; 30kg of quartz and 200kg of lime are added in the middle stage of LF smelting, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5.
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 67Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 45min, rare earth alloy is added after RE-pressing, RE content in steel is 0.0050%, and soft blowing time is 25min.
Casting procedure: adopting a protection casting mode to cast the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank; the refined molten steel composition and weight percentage ratio are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition of the components | 0.41％ | 0.15％ | 0.85％ | 1.20％ | 0.01％ | 0.15％ | 0.06％ | 0.05％ | 0.30％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition of the components | 0.005％ | 0.008％ | 0.002％ | 0.0001％ | 0.0012％ | 0.0006％ | 0.0024％ | 94.2507％ |
Example 2:
converter smelting process: controlling molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.075%, S:0.004%, scrap steel ratio is controlled to be 15%, tapping oxygen content is 0.0350%, tapping carbon content is 0.12%; after tapping for about 5t, sequentially adding 125kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks for deoxidization; sequentially adding micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium and nickel plates after tapping for about 30t to perform molten steel alloying operation; in the later stage of tapping, lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5 kg/t) is added into the ladle to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 1.5 kg/t); adopting a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode, wherein the tapping slag discharging amount is about 2.0kg/t; and removing two-thirds of slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag-fishing or slag-skimming mode, and adding lime (the addition amount of lime is 2.5 kg/t) to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 2.0 kg/t).
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow to be 5.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time and 10kg is added for the second time in the earlier stage of LF smelting; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 50kg of quartz and 400kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 4.0.
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 110Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 35min, rare earth alloy is added after RE-pressing, RE content in steel is 0.015%, and soft blowing time is 50min.
Casting procedure: casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protection casting mode, wherein the components and weight percentages of the refined molten steel are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition of the components | 0.46％ | 0.35％ | 0.95％ | 1.25％ | 0.05％ | 0.18％ | 0.12％ | 0.10％ | 0.35％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition of the components | 0.015％ | 0.007％ | 0.001％ | 0.0002％ | 0.0008％ | 0.0005％ | 0.0032％ | 96.1623％ |
Example 3:
converter smelting process: controlling molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.085%, S:0.003 percent of scrap steel, wherein the ratio of the scrap steel is controlled to be 18 percent, the steel tapping oxygen content is 0.0230 percent, the steel tapping carbon content is 0.14 percent, and 100kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks are sequentially added for deoxidization after about 5t of steel tapping; sequentially adding after tapping for about 30 t; carrying out molten steel alloying operation on micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium and nickel plates; in the later stage of tapping, lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5 kg/t) is added into a ladle to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 1.5 kg/t); adopting a double slag blocking mode of a slag blocking cone and a sliding plate, wherein the slag discharging amount of tapping is about 1.0kg/t; and removing about half of slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag-fishing or slag-skimming mode, and adding lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5 kg/t) to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 2.0 kg/t).
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow to be 3.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time and 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the second time in the earlier stage of LF smelting; 40kg of quartz and 300kg of lime are added in the middle stage of LF smelting, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 3.5.
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 80Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 45min, rare earth alloy is added after repressing, RE content in steel is 0.012%, and soft blowing time is 40min.
Casting procedure: casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protection casting mode, wherein the weight percentages of the refined molten steel components are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition of the components | 0.43％ | 0.28％ | 1.15％ | 1.40％ | 0.03％ | 0.35％ | 0.15％ | 0.08％ | 0.50％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition of the components | 0.012％ | 0.009％ | 0.001％ | 0.0001％ | 0.0009％ | 0.0007％ | 0.0028％ | 95.6035％ |
Comparative example:
converter smelting process: controlling molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.12%, S:0.025 percent, the scrap steel ratio is controlled to be 25 percent, the tapping oxygen content is 0.0450 percent, and the tapping carbon content is 0.08 percent; deoxidizing an aluminum block in the tapping process, and sequentially adding a carburant, high-quality alloy micro aluminum silicon iron, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium and a nickel plate after tapping for about 30t to perform molten steel alloying operation; and in the later stage of tapping, lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5 kg/t) is added into the ladle to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point fusion slag (the fusion slag amount is 3.5 kg/t), and a sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted.
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow to be 3.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the early stage of LF smelting, 50kg of aluminum particles are added at one time; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 300kg of lime is added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 5.5-6.5.
RH vacuum refining procedure: the vacuum degree is 70Pa, the RH vacuum treatment time is 45min, and the soft blowing time is 40min.
Casting procedure: casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protection casting mode, wherein the weight percentages of the refined molten steel components are shown in the following table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | Ni |
| Composition of the components | 0.42％ | 0.30％ | 0.80％ | 1.05％ | 0.04％ | 0.30％ | 0.10％ | 0.60％ |
| Element(s) | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition of the components | 0.015％ | 0.004％ | 0.0004％ | 0.0019％ | 0.0008％ | 0.0044％ | 96.3635％ |
The level of cleanliness control achieved by examples 1-3 and comparative examples is shown in Table 5:
TABLE 5
The performance of the heading machine ferrules produced by forging, machining and heat treatment using the steels produced in examples 1-3 and comparative example are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6
| Impact toughness/J (-20 ℃, KV 2) | Length of service/h | Remarks | |
| Example 1 | 98、102、105 | 14360 | Normal operation, off-line |
| Example 2 | 103、105、99 | 12860 | Normal operation, off-line |
| Example 3 | 100、104、103 | 13560 | Normal operation, off-line |
| Comparative example | 86、92、88 | 12440 | Failure of ferrule raceway and offline |
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The steel for the main bearing of the heading machine is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.41％-0.46％，Si：0.15％-0.35％，Mn：0.85％-1.15％，Cr：1.20％-1.40％，
Al：0.01％-0.05％，Mo：0.15％-0.35％，Cu≤0.15％，V：0.05％-0.10％，
ni:0.30% -0.50%, RE:0.0050% -0.015%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
2. The steel for main bearings of a heading machine according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.41％，Si：0.15％，Mn：0.85％，Cr：1.20％，
Al：0.01％，Mo：0.15％，Cu：0.06％，V：0.05％，
ni:0.30%, RE:0.005% of Fe and the balance of unavoidable impurity elements.
3. The steel for main bearings of a heading machine according to claim 2, wherein the unavoidable impurity elements include the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.008％，S：0.002％，Ca：0.0001％，Ti：0.0012％，
O：0.0006％，N：0.0024％。
4. the steel for main bearings of a heading machine according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.46％，Si：0.35％，Mn：0.95％，Cr：1.25％，
Al：0.05％，Mo：0.18％，Cu：0.12％，V：0.10％，
ni:0.35%, RE:0.015%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
5. The steel for main bearings of a heading machine as defined in claim 4, wherein said unavoidable impurity elements include the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.007％，S：0.001％，Ca：0.0002％，Ti：0.0008％，
O：0.0005％，N：0.0032％。
6. the steel for main bearings of a heading machine according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.43％，Si：0.28％，Mn：1.15％，Cr：1.40％，
Al：0.03％，Mo：0.35％，Cu：0.15％，V：0.08％，
ni:0.50%, RE:0.012%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
7. The steel for main bearings of a heading machine as defined in claim 6, wherein said unavoidable impurity elements include the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.009％，S：0.001％，Ca：0.0002％，Ti：0.0009％，
O：0.0007％，N：0.0028％。
8. a method for producing steel for main bearings of heading machines, characterized in that the steps for producing steel for main bearings of heading machines as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 include the following:
converter smelting process: controlling the molten iron to be fed into the converter in the converter process to be less than or equal to 0.09 percent, controlling the S to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and controlling the scrap steel ratio to be less than or equal to 20 percent; the steel tapping oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0350%, the steel tapping carbon content is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.12%, and carbon and aluminum blocks are sequentially added for deoxidization in the tapping process of the converter; molten steel alloying is carried out by adopting micro aluminum silicon iron, low carbon ferromanganese, low titanium high carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium, nickel plate and carbon; adding lime into a ladle to fuse into slag, wherein the amount of the fused slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage of the fused slag are 45-60% of CaO, less than or equal to 3% of SiO2 and 35-45% of Al2O 3;
LF refining procedure: LF treatment process controls ladle bottom blowing argon flow rate to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole refining process adopts micro-positive pressure operation, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added twice in the earlier stage of LF smelting; 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added in the middle stage of LF smelting, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining procedure: vacuum degree is 67Pa-110Pa, RH vacuum treatment time is 35min-45min, rare earth alloy is added after RE-pressing, RE content is controlled to be 0.0050% -0.015%, and soft blowing time is controlled to be 25min-50min;
casting procedure: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank or a steel ingot by adopting a protection casting mode.
9. The method for producing steel for main bearings of heading machines according to claim 8, characterized in that carbon is added for pre-deoxidation during the initial tapping stage of said converter, the carbon addition being 0.15kg/t-0.25kg/t;
the lime content in the ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0kg/t.
10. The production method of steel for the main bearing of the heading machine according to claim 9, wherein in the converter smelting process, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the tapping slag discharging amount is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0kg/t; and then adopting a slag dragging or skimming mode to remove not less than half of slag in the ladle furnace, and continuously adding lime to fuse the slag into the slag, wherein the amount of the fused slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0kg/t.
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