CN115110003A - Steel for main bearing of heading machine and production method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for main bearing of heading machine and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115110003A CN115110003A CN202210771731.0A CN202210771731A CN115110003A CN 115110003 A CN115110003 A CN 115110003A CN 202210771731 A CN202210771731 A CN 202210771731A CN 115110003 A CN115110003 A CN 115110003A
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- heading machine
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Al]O[Al] BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
Abstract
The invention provides a steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.41 to 0.46 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.85 to 1.15 percent of Mn0, 1.20 to 1.40 percent of Cr1, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Al0, 0.15 to 0.35 percent of Mo0, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of V, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Ni0, 0.0050 to 0.015 percent of RE and the balance of Fe. According to the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, the contents of Mn and Cr elements are increased on the basis of the component design of the main bearing of the traditional large wind power or heading machine, so that the hardenability of the material is improved, and the matrix structure of the center part of the bearing is improved; and the low-temperature impact toughness of the material is improved by reducing the contents of Ni, P and S elements and adding a small amount of V, RE element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of main bearings of heading machines, in particular to steel for the main bearings of heading machines and a production method thereof.
Background
The main bearing of the heading machine bears multiple loads during working, the fatigue life is usually required to be longer than 10000 hours, the requirements on the cleanliness and the low-temperature impact toughness of the material are strict, and the common 42CrMo4 material is difficult to meet the performance requirements. For example, chinese patent CN 104532140 a discloses a steel for a bearing ring of a large-size shield machine and a heat treatment method thereof, which are based on common 42CrMo, by adding a proper amount of Ni element and C element, the requirements of the steel for the bearing ring of the large-size shield machine on hardenability, surface quenching hardness, core toughness and hardness are met. However, the method does not mention cleanliness control of steel which has great influence on fatigue life, and meanwhile, the component design of the material has high content of noble metal Ni element, but has low content of Mn and Cr elements, high material alloying cost and limited hardenability, and is not beneficial to the structure control of a main bearing of a tunneling machine with larger size.
Due to the ultra-long service life requirement (generally, the service life is more than or equal to 20 years, and even more than or equal to 25 years) of the large wind power main bearing, various materials have been developed on the basis of the common 42CrMo4 material, so that the cleanliness, the mechanical property, the low-temperature impact property and the like of the material are improved, but the requirements of heavy load, high impact property and the like of the main bearing of the tunneling machine are generally difficult to meet due to the large service working condition difference between the wind power main bearing and the main bearing of the tunneling machine. For example, Chinese patent CN 11257514A discloses a smelting process and application of 42CrMo4 steel for large shaft forgings, the purity of the 42CrMo4 steel is improved by a distributed refining process in a smelting stage, a refining stage and a vacuum refining stage, but the method feeds Ca-Si wires into molten steel before a VD vacuum refining stage, so that large-particle high-aluminate inclusions appear in the steel, and the fatigue life of the steel is not favorable; chinese patent CN 106702099A discloses a manufacturing process of quenched and tempered steel 42CrMo4 for a wind power main shaft with the diameter of not less than phi 450mm, the problem of mechanical property stability after quenching and tempering is solved by adding vanadium, niobium and nickel strengthening elements, but the mechanical property and the impact property still can not meet the performance requirements of a main bearing gear ring of a heading machine, and in addition, the problems of insufficient guarantee capability of non-metallic inclusions and white spots are also faced; and Chinese patent CN 110055473A discloses an ultra-long-life impact-resistant bearing steel, which obviously improves the impact resistance of the steel at high speed by adding elements of lithium and cesium, but the impact absorption power of the material is low, and in addition, nonmetallic inclusions such as titanium nitride, calcium aluminate and the like which have obvious influence on the fatigue life are not mentioned, and the hardness is high, so that the technical requirements of the steel for the main bearing of the tunneling machine are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a steel structure which is used for producing a main bearing of a heading machine and has high cleanliness and high low-temperature impact toughness and a production method thereof.
The invention provides a steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.41％-0.46％Si：0.15％-0.35％Mn：0.85％-1.15％Cr：1.20％-1.40％
Al：0.01％-0.05％Mo：0.15％-0.35％Cu≤0.15％V：0.05％-0.10％
ni: 0.30% -0.50% RE: 0.0050-0.015% and the balance Fe.
The invention also provides a production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a converter smelting process: in the converter process, the P content of molten iron fed into the converter is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.09 percent, the S content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and the scrap ratio is controlled to be less than or equal to 20 percent; controlling the tapping oxygen content to be less than or equal to 0.0350%, controlling the tapping carbon content to be more than or equal to 0.12%, and adding carbon and aluminum blocks in sequence for deoxidation in the converter tapping process; micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, a nickel plate and carbon are adopted for molten steel alloying; lime is added into the steel ladle to melt synthetic slag, the amount of the molten synthetic slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage content of the molten synthetic slag are 45 percent to 60 percent of CaO, less than or equal to 3 percent of SiO2 and 35 percent to 45 percent of Al2O 3;
an LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of the bottom-blown argon of the steel ladle to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added in two times in the early stage of LF smelting; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining process: the vacuum degree is 67Pa-110Pa, the RH vacuum processing time is 35min-45min, the rare earth alloy is added after the repression, the RE content is controlled to be 0.0050% -0.015%, and the soft blowing time is controlled to be 25min-50 min;
a casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting billet or a steel ingot by adopting a protective casting mode.
Optionally, in the initial tapping process of the converter, adding carbon for pre-deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the carbon is 0.15kg/t-0.25 kg/t.
Optionally, in the converter tapping process, the content of lime added into the steel ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0 kg/t.
Optionally, in the converter smelting process, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double-slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount of tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0 kg/t; and removing not less than half of the slag in the ladle furnace by slag dragging or slag removing, and continuously adding lime to melt and synthesize slag, wherein the amount of the molten and synthesized slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0 kg/t.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the steel for the main bearing of the tunneling machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the principle that Mn and Cr can effectively improve the hardenability of steel materials is well known in the industry, Mn/Cr alloy elements enhance the stability of super-cooled austenite, therefore, the hardenability of the material is improved, the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine has the advantages that because the main bearing of the heading machine has large size (the diameter of a main bearing ring is generally 3m-10m), the requirement on the hardenability of the raw material is higher, so that after the material is subjected to subsequent quenching and tempering (quenching and high-temperature tempering), all the matrix tissues of the core of the material are tempered sorbite tissues, if the hardenability is insufficient, abnormal tissues such as troostite or ferrite can appear in the core, the impact property of the material is reduced, the bearing is fatigue-failed in the service process, however, Mn element can increase the overheating sensitivity in steel, and cause abnormal growth of crystal grains in the quenching process; in the invention, Mn and Cr are respectively set to be 0.85-1.15% and 1.20-1.40% so as to achieve the purposes of improving the hardenability of the material and improving the matrix structure of the bearing core part; in addition, the invention can make up the adverse effect brought by increasing the Mn content to a certain extent by adding a small amount of V and RE; and because the Cr element is too high, the residual austenite in the quenching process is increased, and the hardness of the material is reduced; harmful elements such as P/S and the like are segregated in the grain boundary, and the bonding force of the grain boundary is reduced, so that the impact toughness of the material is reduced, the influence is more serious in a low-temperature environment, the expansion rate of cracks in the material is reduced by the Ni element, the notch sensitivity of the material is reduced, and the impact performance of the material is improved; v, RE can improve the low temperature impact toughness of the material by refining the grain size.
(2) The production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the contents of Ca, Ti and O in the steel are greatly reduced, the contents of oxides, titanium nitride and other non-metallic inclusions are reduced, the number of large-particle inclusions is reduced by controlling the smelting-refining-continuous casting process, and the fatigue life of the material is prolonged.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention is described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following components:
C：0.41％-0.46％Si：0.15％-0.35％Mn：0.85％-1.15％Cr：1.20％-1.40％
Al：0.01％-0.05％Mo：0.15％-0.35％Cu≤0.15％V：0.05％-0.10％
ni: 0.30% -0.50% RE: 0.0050-0.015% and the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
The invention also provides a production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
a converter smelting process: in the converter process, the P content of molten iron entering the converter is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.09 percent, the S content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent, the scrap ratio is controlled to be less than or equal to 20 percent, the oxygen content of tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0350 percent, and the carbon content of tapping is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.12 percent; sequentially adding carbon and aluminum blocks for deoxidation in the converter tapping process; micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, a nickel plate and carbon are adopted for molten steel alloying; lime is added into a steel ladle to melt synthetic slag, the amount of the molten synthetic slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage content of the molten synthetic slag are 45-60 percent of CaO, less than or equal to 3 percent of SiO2 and 35-45 percent of Al2O 3;
an LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of argon bottom blowing of the steel ladle to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added in two times in the early stage of LF smelting; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining process: the vacuum degree is 67Pa-110Pa, the RH vacuum processing time is 35min-45min, the rare earth alloy is added after the repression, the RE content is controlled to be 0.0050% -0.015%, and the soft blowing time is controlled to be 25min-50 min;
a casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting billet or a steel ingot by adopting a protective casting mode.
Optionally, in the smelting process of the converter, the addition amount of deoxidized carbon is 0.15kg/t-0.25 kg/t.
Optionally, in the smelting process of the converter, the content of lime added into the steel ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0 kg/t.
Optionally, in the smelting process of the converter, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double-slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount in steel tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0 kg/t.
Optionally, in the smelting process of the converter, a slag dragging or slag removing mode is adopted, after no less than half of slag in the ladle furnace is removed, lime is continuously added to melt synthetic slag, and the amount of the molten synthetic slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0 kg/t.
Example 1:
the invention provides a production method of steel for a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
a converter smelting process: controlling the molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.09%, S: 0.005 percent, the scrap steel ratio is controlled to be 20 percent, the tapping oxygen content is 0.0250 percent, and the tapping carbon content is 0.15 percent; after about 5t of tapping, sequentially adding 100kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks for deoxidation; after about 30t of steel tapping, sequentially adding micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, a nickel plate and carbon to perform molten steel alloying operation; in the later tapping period, lime (the adding amount of the lime is 2.5kg/t) is added into a steel ladle for carrying out high-alkalinity low-melting-point molten synthetic slag (the amount of the molten synthetic slag is 1.5 kg/t); a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount during tapping is about 1.5 kg/t; and removing half of the slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag dragging or slagging-off mode, and adding lime (the adding amount of the lime is 2.5kg/t) to carry out high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the amount of the fused synthetic slag is 2.0 kg/t).
An LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of argon bottom blowing of the ladle to be 2.5L/min t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, 30kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time in the early stage of LF smelting, and 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the second time; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 30kg of quartz and 200kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5.
RH vacuum refining process: vacuum degree of 67Pa, RH vacuum treatment time of 45min, adding rare earth alloy after RE-pressing, RE content in steel of 0.0050%, and soft blowing time of 25 min.
A casting procedure: casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting billet by adopting a protective casting mode; the components and weight percentages of the refined molten steel are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition (I) | 0.41％ | 0.15％ | 0.85％ | 1.20％ | 0.01％ | 0.15％ | 0.06％ | 0.05％ | 0.30％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition (I) | 0.005％ | 0.008％ | 0.002％ | 0.0001％ | 0.0012％ | 0.0006％ | 0.0024％ | 94.2507％ |
Example 2:
a converter smelting process: controlling the molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.075%, S: 0.004%, the scrap steel ratio is controlled to be 15%, the tapping oxygen content is 0.0350%, and the tapping carbon content is 0.12%; after about 5t of steel tapping, adding 125kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks in sequence for deoxidation; after about 30t of steel tapping, sequentially adding micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and a nickel plate to perform molten steel alloying operation; in the later period of tapping, lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5kg/t) is added into a steel ladle for carrying out high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the synthetic slag amount is 1.5 kg/t); a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount during tapping is about 2.0 kg/t; and removing two thirds of slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag dragging or slag removing mode, and adding lime (the adding amount of the lime is 2.5kg/t) to perform high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the amount of the synthetic slag is 2.0 kg/t).
An LF refining process: controlling the flow of argon bottom blowing of the steel ladle to be 5.0L/min t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time in the early stage of LF smelting, and 10kg of aluminum particles are added for the second time; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 50kg of quartz and 400kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 4.0.
RH vacuum refining process: the vacuum degree is 110Pa, the RH vacuum processing time is 35min, the rare earth alloy is added after the RE-pressing, the RE content in the steel is 0.015 percent, and the soft blowing time is 50 min.
A casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protective casting mode, wherein the components and the weight percentage of the refined molten steel are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition (A) | 0.46％ | 0.35％ | 0.95％ | 1.25％ | 0.05％ | 0.18％ | 0.12％ | 0.10％ | 0.35％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition (I) | 0.015％ | 0.007％ | 0.001％ | 0.0002％ | 0.0008％ | 0.0005％ | 0.0032％ | 96.1623％ |
Example 3:
a converter smelting process: controlling the molten iron P entering the furnace: 0.085%, S: 0.003 percent, the scrap ratio is controlled to be 18 percent, the oxygen content of tapping is 0.0230 percent, the carbon content of tapping is 0.14 percent, and 100kg of carbon electrode particles and aluminum blocks are sequentially added for deoxidation after about 5t of tapping; adding the materials in sequence after tapping for about 30 t; carrying out molten steel alloying operation on the micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, the low-carbon ferromanganese, the low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, the ferrovanadium and the nickel plate; in the later stage of tapping, lime (the lime addition is 2.5kg/t) is added into a steel ladle to carry out high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the synthetic slag amount is 1.5 kg/t); a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount during tapping is about 1.0 kg/t; and removing about half of the slag in the ladle furnace by adopting a slag dragging or slag removing mode, and adding lime (the adding amount of the lime is 2.5kg/t) to carry out high-alkalinity low-melting-point synthetic slag (the amount of the synthetic slag is 2.0 kg/t).
An LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of argon bottom blowing of the steel ladle to be 3.0L/min t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, and 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time and 20kg of aluminum particles are added for the second time in the early stage of LF smelting; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 40kg of quartz and 300kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 3.5.
RH vacuum refining process: vacuum degree of 80Pa, RH vacuum treatment time of 45min, adding rare earth alloy after RE-pressing, RE content of 0.012% in steel, and soft blowing time of 40 min.
A casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protective casting mode, wherein the components and the weight percentage of the refined molten steel are shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | V | Ni |
| Composition (I) | 0.43％ | 0.28％ | 1.15％ | 1.40％ | 0.03％ | 0.35％ | 0.15％ | 0.08％ | 0.50％ |
| Element(s) | RE | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition (I) | 0.012％ | 0.009％ | 0.001％ | 0.0001％ | 0.0009％ | 0.0007％ | 0.0028％ | 95.6035％ |
Comparative example:
a converter smelting process: controlling charging molten iron P: 0.12%, S: 0.025%, the scrap ratio was controlled to 25%, the tapping oxygen content was 0.0450%, and the tapping carbon content was 0.08%; the aluminum blocks are deoxidized in the tapping process, and a carburant, high-quality alloy micro-aluminum silicon iron, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and a nickel plate are sequentially added after about 30t of tapping to perform molten steel alloying operation; and at the later stage of tapping, lime (the lime addition amount is 2.5kg/t) is added into a steel ladle to carry out high-alkalinity low-melting-point molten synthetic slag (the molten synthetic slag amount is 3.5kg/t), and a sliding plate double-slag-blocking mode is adopted.
An LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of bottom-blown argon of the ladle to be 3.0L/min t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a In the early stage of LF smelting, 50kg of aluminum particles are added at one time; and in the middle stage of LF smelting, 300kg of lime is added, and the alkalinity of the refining slag is controlled to be 5.5-6.5.
RH vacuum refining process: the vacuum degree is 70Pa, the RH vacuum treatment time is 45min, and the soft blowing time is 40 min.
A casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting blank by adopting a protective casting mode, wherein the components and the weight percentage of the refined molten steel are shown in the table 4:
TABLE 4
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | Mo | Cu | Ni |
| Composition (I) | 0.42％ | 0.30％ | 0.80％ | 1.05％ | 0.04％ | 0.30％ | 0.10％ | 0.60％ |
| Element(s) | P | S | Ca | Ti | O | N | Fe | |
| Composition (I) | 0.015％ | 0.004％ | 0.0004％ | 0.0019％ | 0.0008％ | 0.0044％ | 96.3635％ |
The cleanliness control levels achieved by the examples 1-3 and comparative examples are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
The properties of the heading machine ferrules produced by forging, machining and heat treatment using the steels produced in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6
| Impact toughness/J(-20℃，KV2) | Service time/h | Remarks to note | |
| Example 1 | 98、102、105 | 14360 | Running normally, and off-line |
| Example 2 | 103、105、99 | 12860 | Running normally, and off-line |
| Example 3 | 100、104、103 | 13560 | Running normally, and off-line |
| Comparative example | 86、92、88 | 12440 | Failure of the ferrule raceway and inserting the ferrule into the production line |
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The steel for the main bearing of the heading machine is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.41％-0.46％ Si：0.15％-0.35％ Mn：0.85％-1.15％ Cr：1.20％-1.40％
Al：0.01％-0.05％ Mo：0.15％-0.35％ Cu≤0.15％ V：0.05％-0.10％
ni: 0.30% -0.50% RE: 0.0050-0.015% and the balance Fe.
2. The steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 1, comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.41％ Si：0.15％ Mn：0.85％ Cr：1.20％
Al：0.01％ Mo：0.15％ Cu：0.06％ V：0.05％
ni: 0.30% RE: 0.005% and the balance Fe.
3. The steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 2, further comprising the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.008％ S：0.002％ Ca：0.0001％ Ti：0.0012％
O：0.0006％ N：0.0024％。
4. the steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 1, comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.46％ Si：0.35％ Mn：0.95％ Cr：1.25％
Al：0.05％ Mo：0.18％ Cu：0.12％ V：0.10％
ni: 0.35% RE: 0.015% and the balance Fe.
5. The steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 4, further comprising the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.007％ S：0.001％ Ca：0.0002％ Ti：0.0008％
O：0.0005％ N：0.0032％。
6. the steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 1, comprising the following components in mass ratio:
C：0.43％ Si：0.28％ Mn：1.15％ Cr：1.40％
Al：0.03％ Mo：0.35％ Cu：0.15％ V：0.08％
ni: 0.50% RE: 0.012% and the balance Fe.
7. The steel for a main bearing of a heading machine according to claim 6, further comprising the following components in mass ratio:
P：0.009％ S：0.001％ Ca：0.0002％ Ti：0.0009％
O：0.0007％ N：0.0028％。
8. the production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a converter smelting process: controlling P in molten iron in the converter to be less than or equal to 0.09%, S to be less than or equal to 0.003% and controlling the scrap ratio to be less than or equal to 20% in the converter process; controlling the tapping oxygen content to be less than or equal to 0.0350%, controlling the tapping carbon content to be more than or equal to 0.12%, and adding carbon and aluminum blocks in sequence for deoxidation in the converter tapping process; micro-ferro-silicon-aluminum, low-carbon ferromanganese, low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, a nickel plate and carbon are adopted for molten steel alloying; lime is added into the steel ladle to melt synthetic slag, the amount of the molten synthetic slag is 1.0kg/t-1.5kg/t, and the main components and the weight percentage content of the molten synthetic slag are 45 percent to 60 percent of CaO, less than or equal to 3 percent of SiO2 and 35 percent to 45 percent of Al2O 3;
an LF refining procedure: controlling the flow of argon bottom blowing of the steel ladle to be 2.5-5.0L/min.t in the LF treatment process -1 (ii) a Micro-positive pressure operation is adopted in the whole refining process, and 30kg-50kg of aluminum particles are added in two times in the early stage of LF smelting; in the middle stage of LF smelting, 30kg-50kg of quartz and 200kg-400kg of lime are added, and the alkalinity of refining slag is controlled to be 2.5-4.0;
RH vacuum refining process: vacuum degree of 67Pa-110Pa, RH vacuum treatment time of 35min-45min, adding rare earth alloy after RE-pressing, controlling RE content at 0.0050% -0.015%, and soft blowing time at 25min-50 min;
a casting process: and casting the refined molten steel into a continuous casting billet or a steel ingot by adopting a protective casting mode.
9. The method for producing the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine according to claim 8, wherein carbon is added for pre-deoxidation during the initial tapping period of the converter, and the addition amount of carbon is 0.15kg/t to 0.25 kg/t;
the lime content added into the steel ladle is 1.5kg/t-3.0 kg/t.
10. The production method of the steel for the main bearing of the heading machine according to claim 9, wherein in the converter smelting process, a slag blocking cone and sliding plate double slag blocking mode is adopted, and the slag amount during steel tapping is controlled to be less than or equal to 2.0 kg/t; and removing not less than half of the slag in the ladle furnace by slag dragging or slag removing, and continuously adding lime to melt and synthesize slag, wherein the amount of the molten and synthesized slag is 1.5kg/t-2.0 kg/t.
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