CN115109607A - Indirect heating process and device for oil shale powder ore or coal - Google Patents
Indirect heating process and device for oil shale powder ore or coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN115109607A CN115109607A CN202210789619.XA CN202210789619A CN115109607A CN 115109607 A CN115109607 A CN 115109607A CN 202210789619 A CN202210789619 A CN 202210789619A CN 115109607 A CN115109607 A CN 115109607A
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- dry distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/06—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
An indirect heating process and device for oil shale fine ore or coal comprises the following steps: 1) the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged alternately, inclined air holes are reserved on a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber, an indirect heating mode is adopted between the combustion chamber and the dry distillation chamber, heat is transferred to materials through a heat radiation and heat conduction mode, and dry distillation of oil shale powder ore or coal is realized; 2) sending shale oil gas generated in the dry distillation process to a condensation recovery system; 3) high-temperature flue gas of the combustion chamber enters a flue gas main pipe of the combustion chamber from a flue branch pipe of the combustion chamber below the combustion chamber; 4) the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered to heat the combustion-supporting air and send the air to the combustion chamber. According to the invention, the heat of the combustion chamber is transferred to the oil shale fine ore or coal in the dry distillation chamber in an indirect mode, and the oil shale fine ore or coal is dry distilled, because the heating gas is not in contact with the powder, the oil gas system is an independent system, and the heating gas does not carry dust in the fine ore, the oil recovery system and the smoke treatment system are simple and efficient to set, and the investment is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dry distillation process of oil shale or coal, in particular to an indirect heating process and an indirect heating device of oil shale powder ore or coal.
Background
At present, in the process of extracting shale oil from oil shale in the petrochemical industry at home and abroad, a shaft furnace direct heating process is basically adopted, shale oil ore is directly contacted with heating gas in the shaft furnace, under the general condition, the oil shale ore is loaded from the top of the furnace, the heating gas is blown in from the lower part of the shaft furnace, the oil shale ore reversely flows with ascending hot gas flow in the descending process, the ore is directly contacted with the hot gas flow and is heated by the hot gas flow, the oil shale ore is subjected to dry distillation along with the rise of the temperature of the oil shale ore, the ore dry distillation process is completed when the temperature of the ore reaches 650 ℃ and is kept for a certain time, the shale oil in the oil shale ore enters the circulating heating gas in a gas form, and the shale oil entering the circulating gas is condensed and recovered through an oil recovery system. This manner in which the ore is directly contacted with a heated gas stream and heated is referred to as a direct heating process.
The process requires that the particle size of the oil shale ore is as uniform as possible, so that the rising heating gas is uniformly distributed in the shaft furnace, the oil shale ore is fully contacted with the heating gas and heated, and the full carbonization is realized. When the process is adopted, the particle size of oil shale ore entering a furnace is larger than 10mm, namely the ore is screened before entering the furnace, the oil shale ore smaller than 10mm is screened out, the part of the ore is called oil shale powder ore, the oil shale ore accounts for 30-50 percent and is stacked and abandoned, the oil content of the part of the oil shale powder ore is higher than that of lump ore above 10mm, the powder ore is stacked and abandoned, resources are wasted, the environment is polluted, the oil shale ore reserves in China are abundant, the oil shale ore, particularly the powder ore, is fully developed and utilized, and the process has strategic significance for the country with relatively poor energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indirect heating process and an indirect heating device for oil shale fine ore or coal. Because high-temperature flue gas or other heat-carrying gases do not directly contact with the powder, the problem that the dry distillation is uneven or cannot be performed due to uneven airflow distribution or incapability of passing through powder columns in the dry distillation chamber is solved. Meanwhile, oil gas generated in the dry distillation process is not mixed with heat-carrying gas (the flow of the heat-carrying gas is about 20 times of the flow of oil gas), so that a simplified and efficient oil gas recovery system can be realized, and the investment is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal, comprising:
1) the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber are of cuboid refractory brick masonry structures and are arranged alternately, the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber have bearing and heat conducting properties, inclined air holes are reserved in a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is controlled to be in micro-positive pressure, the dry distillation chamber is controlled to be in micro-negative pressure, partial flue gas flows into the dry distillation chamber from the combustion chamber through the inclined air holes by controlling the pressure difference between the two chambers, heat is directly brought into the dry distillation chamber, the inclined air holes also increase the radiation intensity of the flue gas in the combustion chamber, and the flue gas also contributes to forming a gas channel in a material layer in the dry distillation chamber and helps oil gas to escape. The inclined air holes have double functions of increasing the temperature of the dry distillation chamber (flexibly adjusting the temperature of the dry distillation chamber) and helping oil gas to escape. An indirect heating mode is adopted between the combustion chamber and the dry distillation chamber, namely heat-carrying gas generated by combustion of the combustion chamber is not directly contacted with the ore, and heat is transferred to the material through a phase partition wall in a heat radiation and heat conduction mode, so that dry distillation of the oil shale powder ore or coal is realized;
2) shale oil gas or coal dry distillation oil gas generated in the dry distillation process is converged in a gas collection chamber above a material layer of the dry distillation chamber, is converged to a dry distillation gas guide main pipe through a dry distillation gas guide branch pipe, and is sent to a condensation recovery system through the dry distillation gas guide main pipe;
3) partition walls are arranged between the burners in the combustion chamber, the burners are controlled to burn at intervals, the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas is from bottom to top, then the high-temperature flue gas flows from top to bottom, and the high-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas main pipe of the combustion chamber from a flue branch pipe of the combustion chamber below the combustion chamber;
4) and the waste heat recovery system is used for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas, reheating combustion-supporting air and sending the air to the combustion chamber.
And carrying out oil-gas separation on the shale oil gas or the coal dry distillation oil gas in the condensation recovery system, feeding the purified dry distillation gas into a dry distillation gas storage cabinet, and sending the dry distillation gas to a combustor in the combustion chamber through an outlet pipe of the gas cabinet to be used as fuel of the combustor.
The particle size of the oil shale powder ore or coal is less than 10 mm.
The device comprises a feeding mechanism, a fine ore dry distillation system, a waste heat recovery system and a discharge mechanism, wherein the fine ore dry distillation system comprises a combustion chamber and a dry distillation chamber, the combustion chamber and the dry distillation chamber are arranged at intervals, inclined air holes are reserved in a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber, a combustor is arranged in the combustion chamber, the feeding mechanism feeds materials to the dry distillation chamber, the dry distillation chamber discharges materials to the discharge mechanism, and flue gas in the combustion chamber is fed into the waste heat recovery system.
The device is characterized in that a dry distillation gas outlet branch pipe communicated with a dry distillation gas outlet main pipe is arranged above the dry distillation chamber, a slag discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the dry distillation chamber, and a combustion chamber flue gas branch pipe communicated with a combustion chamber flue gas main pipe is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber.
An exhaust steel pipe is arranged in the dry distillation chamber and inserted into the materials, the exhaust steel pipe is fixed in a brick wall above the dry distillation chamber, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the exhaust steel pipe, the exhaust holes incline downwards, and an annular baffle plate for preventing furnace burden from entering is arranged above the exhaust holes.
And a partition wall is arranged between the burners in the combustion chamber.
The feeding mechanism comprises a belt conveyor, a movable material receiving and discharging vehicle and an upper material bin, the belt conveyor feeds the material to the movable material receiving and discharging vehicle, the movable material receiving and discharging vehicle feeds the material to the upper material bin, and a discharge hole of the upper material bin extends into the dry distillation chamber.
The bottom of the discharge port of the upper storage bin is connected with a material distribution chute which is obliquely arranged downwards, and a plurality of chute discharge holes are formed in the length direction of the material distribution chute.
The waste heat recovery system is a plate heat exchanger or an air heating furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention transfers the heat of the combustion chamber to the oil shale fine ore or coal in the dry distillation chamber in an indirect mode to dry distill the oil shale fine ore or coal, but other direct heating processes can not dry distill the oil shale fine ore at present. Because the heating gas does not contact with the powder, the oil gas system is an independent system, and the heating gas does not carry dust in the powder ore, so that the oil recovery system and the flue gas treatment system are simple and efficient to arrange, and the investment is saved.
The invention can effectively recycle the oil shale powder ore and has the effects of saving resources and protecting the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the dry distillation chamber of FIG. 1 in position;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the combustion chamber location of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of section II of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion iii in fig. 2.
In the figure: 1-belt conveyor, 2-mobile receiving and discharging vehicle, 3-upper storage bin, 4-oil shale powder ore, 5-material flow adjusting valve, 6-discharging pipe, 7-dry distillation gas guide branch pipe, 8-dry distillation gas guide main pipe, 9-oil-gas separator, 10-dry distillation gas storage cabinet, 11-gas cabinet outlet pipe, 12-shale oil, 13-combustion chamber, 14-refractory brick partition wall, 15-dry distillation chamber, 16-combustion chamber flue gas branch pipe, 17-combustion chamber flue gas main pipe, 18-combustor, 19-slag discharging and cooling system, 20-slag, 21-slag conveying belt conveyor, 22-slag discharging valve, 23-slag yard, 24-heating furnace air inlet pipeline, 25-heating furnace flue gas outlet pipeline, 26-a heating furnace flue header pipe, 27-a chimney, 28-a combustion air header pipe, 29-a space above the heating furnace, 30-an air heating furnace, 31-a heat storage checker brick, 32-a hot air header pipe, 33-a heating furnace flue gas inlet pipe, 34-a hot air outlet branch pipe, 35-a space below the heating furnace, 36-a combustion fan, 37-a distribution chute, 38-a chute discharge hole, 39-an exhaust steel pipe, 40-an annular baffle, 41-an exhaust hole and 42-an inclined air hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention.
An indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal, comprising:
1) the dry distillation chamber 15 and the combustion chamber 13 are cuboid refractory brick masonry structures which are arranged alternately and have bearing and heat conduction performances, inclined air holes 42 are reserved in a refractory brick partition wall 14 between the dry distillation chamber 15 and the combustion chamber 13, the combustion chamber 13 is controlled to be in micro-positive pressure, the dry distillation chamber 15 is controlled to be in micro-negative pressure, partial flue gas flows into the dry distillation chamber 15 from the combustion chamber 13 through the inclined air holes 42 by controlling the pressure difference between the two chambers, heat is directly brought into the dry distillation chamber 15, the inclined air holes 42 also increase the radiation intensity of the flue gas in the combustion chamber 13, and the flue gas also contributes to forming a gas channel in a material layer in the dry distillation chamber 15 and helps oil gas to escape. These inclined vents 42 serve a dual purpose of increasing the temperature of the retort 15 (flexible adjustment of retort temperature) and of assisting in the escape of oil and gas. An indirect heating mode is adopted between the combustion chamber 13 and the dry distillation chamber 15, namely heat-carrying gas is not directly contacted with ore, and heat is transferred to materials in a heat radiation and heat conduction mode, so that dry distillation of oil shale powder ore or coal is realized;
2) shale oil gas generated in the dry distillation process is converged in a gas collection chamber above a material layer of the dry distillation chamber 15, is converged to a dry distillation gas guide main pipe 8 through a dry distillation gas guide branch pipe 7, and is sent to a condensation recovery system through the dry distillation gas guide main pipe 8;
3) partition walls are arranged among the burners 18 in the combustion chamber 13, the burners 18 are controlled to burn at intervals, the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas is from bottom to top, then from top to bottom, and the high-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas main pipe 17 of the combustion chamber from a flue branch pipe 16 of the combustion chamber below the combustion chamber 13;
4) and the waste heat recovery system is used for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas, reheating combustion-supporting air and sending the air to the combustion chamber 13.
Shale oil gas or coal dry distillation oil gas is subjected to oil-gas separation in the condensation recovery system, and the purified dry distillation gas enters the dry distillation gas storage cabinet 10 and is sent to a combustor 18 in a combustion chamber 13 through a gas cabinet outlet pipe 11 to be used as fuel of the combustor 18.
The particle size of the oil shale powder ore or coal is less than 10 mm.
A device adopted by an indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal comprises a feeding mechanism, a fine ore dry distillation system, a waste heat recovery system and a discharge mechanism, wherein the fine ore dry distillation system comprises a combustion chamber 13 and a dry distillation chamber 15, the combustion chamber 13 and the dry distillation chamber 15 are arranged at intervals, an inclined air hole 42 is reserved on a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber 15 and the combustion chamber 13, a combustor 18 is arranged in the combustion chamber 13, the feeding mechanism feeds materials to the dry distillation chamber 15, the dry distillation chamber 15 discharges materials to the discharge mechanism, and the smoke of the combustion chamber 13 is fed into the waste heat recovery system.
The upper part of the dry distillation chamber 15 is provided with a dry distillation gas guide branch pipe 7 communicated with a dry distillation gas guide main pipe 8, the bottom of the dry distillation chamber is provided with a slag discharge valve 22, and the bottom of the combustion chamber 13 is provided with a combustion chamber flue gas branch pipe 16 communicated with a combustion chamber flue gas main pipe 17.
An exhaust steel pipe 39 is arranged in the dry distillation chamber 15 and inserted into the materials, the exhaust steel pipe 39 is fixed in a brick wall above the dry distillation chamber 15, a plurality of exhaust holes 41 are formed in the exhaust steel pipe 39, the exhaust holes 41 incline downwards, and an annular baffle 40 for preventing furnace burden from entering is arranged above the exhaust holes 41.
A partition wall is provided between the burners 18 in the combustion chamber 13.
Feeding mechanism includes belt feeder 1, removal material receiving and discharging car 2, upper portion feed bin 3, belt feeder 1 receives the material discharging car 2 pay-off to removing, remove and receive the material discharging car 2 to the 3 pay-off of upper portion feed bin, the discharge gate of upper portion feed bin 3 stretches into dry distillation chamber 15.
The bottom of the discharge hole of the upper storage bin 3 is connected with a material distribution chute 37 which is obliquely arranged downwards, and a plurality of chute discharge holes 38 are arranged along the length direction of the material distribution chute 37. A material flow adjusting valve 5 is arranged on the discharge pipe 6 above the distribution chute 37.
The waste heat recovery system is a plate heat exchanger or an air heating furnace 30.
Shale oil fine ore smaller than 10mm is loaded into an upper material bin 3 through a belt conveyor 1 and a movable material receiving and discharging vehicle 2, the oil shale oil fine ore 4 in the upper material bin 3 is periodically or continuously discharged into a dry distillation chamber 15 through a material discharging pipe 6 and a material flow adjusting valve 5 below the material bin, the dry distillation chamber 15 and a combustion chamber 13 are both of cuboid structures and are formed by building high-heat-conduction and high-strength refractory bricks in parallel and spaced arrangement.
In order to realize stable structure and uniform material distribution of the retort furnace, the material distribution of the retort chamber 15 adopts a fixed hopper, single-tube material distribution and multipoint material distribution. The oil shale powder ore 4 in the upper part feed bin 3 flows to the distribution chute 37 above the dry distillation chamber 15 through the blanking pipe 6 and the material flow adjusting valve 5, a plurality of chute discharge holes 38 are formed in the distribution chute 37, as shown in fig. 4, the powder ore uniformly enters the dry distillation chamber 15 through the chute discharge holes 38 to form a smooth material surface, and the high-efficiency utilization and good dry distillation effect of the inner space of the dry distillation chamber are achieved.
The partition wall between the dry distillation chamber 15 and the combustion chamber 13 is built by high-strength high-heat-conductivity refractory bricks, bosses or grooves are arranged on 4 building surfaces of the non-working surface of a single brick, the adjacent bricks are embedded and built, and the partition wall has good overall stability.
In order to ensure that the dry distillation oil gas is smoothly discharged from the material layer, an exhaust steel pipe 39 is arranged in the dry distillation chamber 15 and inserted into the powder ore, the exhaust steel pipe 39 is fixed in the brick wall above, a plurality of exhaust holes 41 are arranged on the exhaust steel pipe 39, see fig. 5, the shape of the exhaust holes 41 which are inclined downwards is beneficial to discharging the oil gas, a ring-shaped baffle 40 for preventing charging materials from entering is arranged above the exhaust holes 41, high-pressure nitrogen is periodically adopted to be cleaned and swept from the inside of the exhaust steel pipe 39, the swept nitrogen is discharged from the exhaust holes 41, and air gaps are also beneficial to forming in the material layer to assist in discharging the shale oil gas.
The lower part of each combustion chamber 13 is provided with a group of burners 18 and flue gas channels which are arranged in a row, the burners 18 are provided with an automatic ignition device and a flame monitoring device, when the system is started, the ignition device is started firstly, the ignition device provides flame for ignition, and then coal gas and air are introduced to turn into a normal combustion process.
As shown in fig. 3, a partition wall is provided between the burners 18, and the burners 18 are alternately ignited (adjacent burners 18 are ignited when they are different), and when one of the adjacent burners is ignited, the flue gas flows in a forward direction, and when the other burner is ignited, the flue gas flows in a reverse direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the flue gas channel of the combustion chamber 13 is in an inverted U shape, the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas is from bottom to top, then from top to bottom, and from the flue gas branch pipe 16 of the combustion chamber below the combustion chamber into the flue gas main pipe 17 of the combustion chamber. In order to realize uniform temperature in the dry distillation chamber 15, the flue gas flow direction of the combustion chamber 13 adopts an automatic alternate reversing mode.
The high-temperature flue gas generated by mixing and burning the gas fuel and the preheated air in the combustion chamber 13 is heating gas, and the dry distillation temperature of the dry distillation chamber 15 is controlled by controlling the gas flow, the air flow and the flue gas flow rate. The heat of the high-temperature flue gas is transmitted to oil shale powder ore or other powder ore in the dry distillation chamber in a conduction and radiation mode through the partition wall, the oil shale powder ore realizes the dry distillation process through indirect heating, the oil-containing dry distillation gas is sent to the oil-gas separator 9 through the dry distillation gas guide branch pipe 7 and the dry distillation gas guide main pipe 8 above the dry distillation chamber, the shale oil and the dry distillation gas are separated, then the purified dry distillation gas enters the dry distillation gas storage cabinet 10 and is sent to the combustor 18 below the combustion chamber 13 through the dry distillation gas storage cabinet outlet pipeline to be used as the fuel of the combustor. The dry distillation gas at the outlet of the burner and the heated combustion-supporting air are uniformly mixed and combusted to provide heat for the dry distillation chamber
The discharging mechanism comprises a slag conveyor belt 21, the powdered ore after dry distillation is slag, and the slag is discharged into the slag conveyor belt 21 below the dry distillation chamber 15 through a discharging pipe and a slag discharging valve 22 after being cooled by a water seal below the dry distillation chamber and is transported to a slag storage yard 23 through the slag conveyor belt 21.
Explosion-proof measures such as a rupture membrane are arranged in a system flue chamber, and once the system explodes and detonates, the rupture membrane automatically ruptures and releases pressure.
Because the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the combustion chamber flue gas main pipe 17 is higher, the flue gas waste heat needs to be recovered, the plate heat exchanger or the air heating furnace is adopted to recover the flue gas waste heat, the combustion air is heated, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.
The embodiment adopts an air heating furnace to recover the waste heat of the flue gas: the flue gas generated by the combustion chamber enters the air heating furnace 30 through the combustion chamber flue gas branch pipe 16, the combustion chamber flue gas header pipe 17 and the air heating furnace flue gas inlet pipe 33, the heat storage checker bricks 31 are heated, the flue gas after heating the heat storage checker bricks 31 enters the heating furnace flue header pipe 26 through the heating furnace flue gas outlet pipe 25, and is discharged through the chimney 27.
Combustion air from a combustion fan 36 enters the space above the heating furnace 29 at the end of the heat accumulation period through a combustion air main pipe 28 and a heating furnace combustion air inlet pipeline 24, the air is heated through a heat accumulation checker brick 31, the heated combustion air enters the space below the heating furnace 35, the combustion air is collected to a hot air main pipe 32 through a hot air outlet branch pipe 34 and is sent to a combustor 18 below a combustion chamber 13 to be mixed and combusted with the dry distillation gas, and high-temperature flue gas is generated and used for dry distillation of the fine ore oil shale ore.
In the direct heating process, oil gas generated by dry distillation enters high-temperature circulating dry distillation gas (heat carrier), the flow rate of the circulating dry distillation gas is about 20 times of that of the oil gas, a large-scale oil recovery system is required to recover a small amount of shale oil, and the indirect heating process is adopted in the invention, because the oil gas is an independent system and is not mixed with heated flue gas, the oil recovery system is dry and efficient, and the investment is obviously reduced. In addition, the heated flue gas does not contact with the ores, and the heated flue gas does not carry the dust of the fine ores, so that the flue gas can be discharged without removing the dust, and a dust removal system and investment can be eliminated.
Claims (10)
1. An indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged alternately, inclined air holes are reserved on a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is controlled to be in positive pressure, the dry distillation chamber is controlled to be in negative pressure, partial smoke flows into the dry distillation chamber from the combustion chamber through the inclined air holes by controlling the pressure difference between the two chambers, an indirect heating mode is adopted between the combustion chamber and the dry distillation chamber, heat-carrying gas generated by combustion of the combustion chamber is not in direct contact with ore, but heat is transferred to the material in the dry distillation chamber through the partition wall in a heat radiation and heat conduction mode, and dry distillation of oil shale powder ore or coal is realized;
2) shale oil gas or coal dry distillation oil gas generated in the dry distillation process is converged above a material layer of the dry distillation chamber, is converged to a dry distillation gas guide main pipe through a dry distillation gas guide branch pipe, and is sent to a condensation recovery system through the dry distillation gas guide main pipe;
3) partition walls are arranged between the burners in the combustion chamber to control the burners to burn at intervals, the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas is from bottom to top, then from top to bottom, and the high-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas main pipe of the combustion chamber from a flue branch pipe of the combustion chamber below the combustion chamber;
4) and the waste heat recovery system is used for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas, reheating combustion-supporting air and sending the air to the combustion chamber.
2. The indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein shale oil gas or coal dry distillation oil gas is subjected to oil-gas separation in the condensation recovery system, and the purified dry distillation gas enters a dry distillation gas storage cabinet and is sent to a burner in the combustion chamber through a gas cabinet outlet pipe to serve as fuel of the burner.
3. The indirect heating process of oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the oil shale fine ore or coal is less than 10 mm.
4. The device for the indirect heating process of the oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a fine ore dry distillation system, a waste heat recovery system and a discharge mechanism, wherein the fine ore dry distillation system comprises a combustion chamber and a dry distillation chamber, the combustion chamber and the dry distillation chamber are arranged at intervals, an inclined air hole is reserved on a partition wall between the dry distillation chamber and the combustion chamber, a burner is arranged in the combustion chamber, the feeding mechanism feeds materials to the dry distillation chamber, the dry distillation chamber discharges materials to the discharge mechanism, and flue gas in the combustion chamber is fed into the waste heat recovery system.
5. The apparatus for indirect heating of oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in claim 4, wherein the dry distillation chamber is provided with a dry distillation gas outlet branch pipe above and communicated with the dry distillation gas outlet main pipe, the dry distillation chamber is provided with a slag discharge valve at the bottom, and the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber flue gas branch pipe at the bottom and communicated with the combustion chamber flue gas main pipe.
6. The apparatus for indirect heating of oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein an exhaust steel pipe is provided in the retort chamber and inserted into the material, the exhaust steel pipe is fixed in the brick wall above the retort chamber, the exhaust steel pipe is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, the exhaust holes are inclined downwards and an annular baffle is provided above the exhaust holes.
7. The apparatus for indirect heating of oil shale fine ore or coal as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein a partition wall is provided between the burners in the combustion chamber.
8. The device for indirect heating of oil shale fine ore or coal according to claim 4, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a belt conveyor, a movable receiving and discharging vehicle and an upper bin, the belt conveyor feeds materials to the movable receiving and discharging vehicle, the movable receiving and discharging vehicle feeds materials to the upper bin, and a discharge hole of the upper bin extends into the dry distillation chamber.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a material distribution chute is connected to a bottom of a discharge port of the upper bin, and a plurality of chute discharge holes are formed along a length direction of the material distribution chute.
10. The apparatus for indirect heating of oil shale fine ore or coal according to claim 4, wherein the waste heat recovery system is a plate heat exchanger or an air heating furnace.
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| CN202210789619.XA CN115109607B (en) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | Indirect heating process and device for oil shale powder ore or coal |
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