CN115108782A - Side slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as main material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Side slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as main material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115108782A CN115108782A CN202210794771.7A CN202210794771A CN115108782A CN 115108782 A CN115108782 A CN 115108782A CN 202210794771 A CN202210794771 A CN 202210794771A CN 115108782 A CN115108782 A CN 115108782A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/13—Zeolites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
Abstract
The invention provides a slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as a main material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the base material comprises the following components in parts by weight: dried and deodorized lake sediment, surface soil, a base material binder, wood fiber, a base material structure conditioner, organic materials, a common compound fertilizer, a long-acting compound fertilizer, a water-retaining agent, a pH regulator and a compound microbial inoculum. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking the lake sediment as the main material and the preparation method thereof realize the harmless treatment of the existing lake sediment, fully utilize the nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the lake sediment and achieve the purpose of resource utilization of the lake sediment. The invention effectively utilizes various industrial byproducts and wastes, has simple and reliable preparation method, low production cost, good physical and mechanical properties of the prepared base material, strong fertility continuous supply capability and good plant growth effect, and solves the problem of 'one year green, two years yellow and three years dead light' of slope ecological restoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope ecological protection, in particular to a slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the gradual enhancement of environmental protection consciousness and the continuous increase of environmental protection strength in China, large-scale water environment treatment projects such as dredging and excavating of lakes and rivers, water system communication and the like are developed for improving the water quality of lakes and rivers, so that a large amount of lake sediment is generated. The sediment contains a large amount of organic matters and various pollutants, and due to disturbance during excavation construction, the sediment can be scattered to form a slurry state with extremely high water content, so that the sediment belongs to solid polluted waste with high water content essentially, and serious harm can be caused to the environment.
At present, the main disposal method of the lake sediment comprises (1) arranging a landfill to carry out landfill accumulation or curing treatment on the excavated lake sediment, wherein the disposal method is simple and convenient, but occupies a large amount of land resources, and even causes secondary pollution to the landfill. (2) Because lake sediment often contains a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen phosphorus, regard sediment as the fertilizer in crops production place such as farmland, orchard, simultaneously, because the pollution of rivers and lakes, also contain a large amount of heavy metal pollutants in the sediment, can lead to the internal heavy metal content of crops to exceed standard, cause harm to human health. Therefore, how to utilize lake sediment in a harmless and resource manner is a research focus in recent years.
The method combines the resource utilization idea and the ecological slope protection idea, and utilizes the lake sediment in the ecological slope protection, so that the technology can avoid the defect of harm to human health, achieve the purpose of reduction treatment of the sediment, solve the problem of scarcity of earth and stone resources in China, and become a stable and effective sediment disposal mode in China. Meanwhile, the lake sediment contains a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, the ecological restoration base material prepared by the lake sediment has a good restoration effect, and the problem of insufficient fertility continuous supply of the base material can be solved by combining the microbial agent added in the ecological restoration base material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as a main material and a preparation method thereof, which can realize harmless and resource utilization of the lake sediment and solve the problem of insufficient fertility persistence of the existing ecological restoration base material.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a side slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as a main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of lake sediment, 25-35 parts of surface soil, 6-10 parts of base material binder, 4-8 parts of wood fiber, 2-6 parts of base material conditioner, 2-4 parts of organic material, 1-2 parts of common compound fertilizer, 0.4-0.6 part of long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.2-0.4 part of water-retaining agent, 3.5-4.5 parts of pH regulator and 0.4-0.6 part of composite microbial inoculum.
The base material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of lake sediment, 30 parts of surface soil, 8 parts of a base material binder, 6 parts of wood fiber, 4 parts of a base material conditioner, 3 parts of an organic material, 1.5 parts of a common compound fertilizer, 0.5 part of a long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.3 part of a water-retaining agent, 4 parts of a pH regulator and 0.5 part of a compound microbial inoculum.
The lake sediment drying treatment mode is that slaked lime and sodium thiosulfate are added into the sediment, anaerobic fermentation is carried out, oxygen is introduced for aeration treatment, and finally dehydration and pressure drying are carried out, wherein the water content of the treated lake sediment is not more than 10%.
The surface soil is soil, is taken from a surface soil layer with the depth of more than 3m on the earth surface, has the particle size of not more than 10mm and the water content of not more than 10 percent.
The base material binder consists of Portland cement, fly ash and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2:3: 2.
The wood fiber is pine or poplar fiber, is prepared by wood through the steps of peeling, washing and chipping and combining an air heating method, and is easy to mix and spray during construction.
The base material conditioner consists of zeolite powder, biochar and crystalline silicon in a mass ratio of 5:2:1, wherein the biochar is one or a mixture of wood biochar and mineral biochar;
the organic material is one or a mixture of more of rice hulls, crushed straws and sawdust.
The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the common compound fertilizer is 1-2:1-2: 2-3; the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the long-acting compound fertilizer is 2-3: 4-5;
the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
The pH regulator consists of phosphogypsum powder, humic acid powder and ferrous sulfate powder in a mass ratio of 5:1: 1;
the composite microbial inoculum is a mixture of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, the proportion of each component is 18-20:8-10:14-16, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 4 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g。
The preparation method of the slope ecological restoration base material with the lake sediment as the main material comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing the Portland cement, the fly ash and the polyvinyl alcohol in parts by weight to prepare a base material binder;
step 2: mixing the zeolite powder, the biochar and the crystalline silicon in parts by weight to prepare a base material structure conditioner;
and step 3: mixing the phosphogypsum powder, the humic acid powder and the ferrous sulfate powder in parts by weight to prepare a pH regulator;
and 4, step 4: mixing the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria in parts by weight to obtain a composite microbial inoculum;
and 5: mixing the common compound fertilizer, the long-acting compound fertilizer, the biochar and the water-retaining agent in parts by weight to prepare a mixture A;
step 6: uniformly mixing the base material conditioner prepared in the step 2, the pH regulator prepared in the step 3, the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step 4 and the mixture prepared in the step 5 to prepare a mixture B;
and 7: and (2) fully mixing and stirring the lake sediment, the surface soil and the wood fiber in parts by weight for 4-5 minutes by using water, sequentially adding the base material binder prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (6), mixing and stirring for 2-5 minutes again, adding the plant seeds and the water, and stirring uniformly to obtain the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material, which comprises the following components:
the lake sediment and the surface soil form a framework of the base material, the sediment is single in particle size distribution, mainly comprises particles, is good in water permeability and good in grading of planting soil particles, the particle structure of the base material is improved, and the problem that the lake sediment is single in particle size distribution is solved; the substrate binder is a cementing material of each component of the substrate, the portland cement and the fly ash are difficult to degrade and can keep the cementing effect for a long time, the polyvinyl alcohol has strong cementing effect but is easy to degrade, the use amount of the portland cement and the fly ash is reduced, and the pore structure of the substrate is improved; the wood fibers have a reinforcement effect on the base material, the internal stress of the soil body is dispersed, and the stress concentration is reduced, so that the expansion and contraction strain is inhibited, the number of cracks and the width of the cracks are reduced, the decomposed wood fibers can provide nutrients for the base material, and the poplar or pine fibers are easy to disperse and stir; the base material structure conditioner improves the physical structure of the base material and holds nutrients; organic materials, common compound fertilizers and long-acting compound fertilizers provide nutrients for plants; the water retention agent enhances the water retention of the base material, and creates a good environment for plant growth; the pH regulator neutralizes the alkalinity of the portland cement and the fly ash in the base material binder, and regulates the pH value of the base material to be in the most suitable range for the growth of plants; the composite microbial inoculum increases the number of microorganisms in the base material, ensures the continuous circulation and release of nutrients, and improves the microenvironment of soil.
According to the slope ecological restoration substrate taking the lake sediment as the main material and the preparation method thereof, the harmlessness and the resource utilization of the lake sediment can be realized, the resource utilization concept and the ecological slope protection concept are combined, the prepared ecological restoration substrate is good in physical and mechanical properties, moderate in pH and strong in slope adhesion, the problem that the existing ecological restoration substrate is insufficient in fertility persistence is solved, and the ecological restoration effect is good.
Detailed Description
The following is a further description with reference to the embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a side slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as a main material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
65kg of lake sediment, 25kg of surface soil, 6kg of base material binder, 4kg of wood fiber, 2kg of base material structure conditioner, 2kg of organic material, 1kg of common compound fertilizer, 0.4kg of long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.2kg of water-retaining agent, 3.5kg of pH regulator and 0.4kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing and stirring the portland cement, the fly ash and the polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2 for 3-5 minutes to obtain the base material binder in parts by weight.
Step 2: uniformly mixing and stirring the zeolite powder, the biochar and the crystalline silicon according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1 for 2-3 minutes to prepare the base material structure conditioner in parts by weight.
And step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the phosphogypsum powder, the humic acid powder and the ferrous sulfate powder according to the mass ratio of 5:1:1 for 3-5 minutes to prepare the pH regulator in parts by weight.
And 4, step 4: the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria are uniformly mixed and stirred for 1-2 minutes according to the mass ratio of 18-20:6-10:15-18, and the composite microbial inoculum is prepared.
And 5: mixing the common compound fertilizer, the long-acting compound fertilizer and the water-retaining agent in parts by weight to prepare a mixture A;
step 6: uniformly mixing the base material structure conditioner prepared in the step 2, the pH regulator prepared in the step 3, the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step 4 and the mixture A prepared in the step 5 to prepare a mixture B;
and 7: and (2) fully mixing and stirring the lake sediment, the surface soil and the wood fiber in parts by weight for 4-5 minutes by using 25kg of water, sequentially adding the base material binder prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (6), mixing and stirring for 2-5 minutes again, adding the plant seeds and 15kg of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material.
Example two:
a slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70kg of lake sediment, 30kg of surface soil, 8kg of base material binder, 6kg of wood fiber, 3kg of base material structure conditioner, 3kg of organic material, 1.5kg of common compound fertilizer, 0.5kg of long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.3kg of water-retaining agent, 4.0kg of pH regulator and 0.5kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing and stirring the portland cement, the fly ash and the polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2 for 3-5 minutes to obtain the base material binder in parts by weight.
Step 2: uniformly mixing and stirring the zeolite powder, the biochar and the crystalline silicon according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1 for 2-3 minutes to prepare the base material structure conditioner in parts by weight.
And step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the phosphogypsum powder, the humic acid powder and the ferrous sulfate powder according to the mass ratio of 5:1:1 for 3-5 minutes to prepare the pH regulator in parts by weight.
And 4, step 4: the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria are uniformly mixed and stirred for 1-2 minutes according to the mass ratio of 18-20:6-10:15-18, and the composite microbial inoculum is prepared.
And 5: mixing the common compound fertilizer, the long-acting compound fertilizer and the water-retaining agent in parts by weight to prepare a mixture A;
and 6: uniformly mixing the base material structure conditioner prepared in the step 2, the pH regulator prepared in the step 3, the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step 4 and the mixture A prepared in the step 5 to prepare a mixture B;
and 7: and (2) fully mixing and stirring the lake sediment, the surface soil and the wood fiber in parts by weight for 4-5 minutes by using 25kg of water, sequentially adding the base material binder prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (6), mixing and stirring for 2-5 minutes again, adding the plant seeds and 15kg of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material.
Example three:
a slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
75kg of lake sediment, 35kg of surface soil, 10kg of base material binder, 8kg of wood fiber, 6kg of base material structure conditioner, 4kg of organic material, 2kg of common compound fertilizer, 0.6kg of long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.4kg of water-retaining agent, 4.5kg of pH regulator and 0.6kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing and stirring the portland cement, the fly ash and the polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2 for 3-5 minutes to obtain the base material binder in parts by weight.
Step 2: uniformly mixing and stirring the zeolite powder, the biochar and the crystalline silicon according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1 for 2-3 minutes to prepare the base material structure conditioner in parts by weight.
And step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the phosphogypsum powder, the humic acid powder and the ferrous sulfate powder according to the mass ratio of 5:1:1 for 3-5 minutes to prepare the pH regulator in parts by weight.
And 4, step 4: the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria are uniformly mixed and stirred for 1-2 minutes according to the mass ratio of 18-20:6-10:15-18, and the composite microbial inoculum is prepared.
And 5: mixing the common compound fertilizer, the long-acting compound fertilizer and the water-retaining agent in parts by weight to prepare a mixture A;
step 6: uniformly mixing the base material structure conditioner prepared in the step 2, the pH regulator prepared in the step 3, the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step 4 and the mixture A prepared in the step 5 to prepare a mixture B;
and 7: and (2) fully mixing and stirring the lake sediment, the surface soil and the wood fiber in parts by weight for 4-5 minutes by using 25kg of water, sequentially adding the base material binder prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (6), mixing and stirring for 2-5 minutes again, adding the plant seeds and 15kg of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material.
The ecological slope protection base material obtained by the embodiment is used for monitoring and measuring indexes such as total porosity, pH, organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, unconfined compressive strength, erosion modulus, vegetation coverage and the like of the ecological slope protection base material after being covered and maintained for 7d, 15d and 30d, and the results are as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the second embodiment:
the third embodiment is as follows:
Claims (10)
1. the slope ecological restoration base material taking lake sediment as a main material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of lake sediment, 25-35 parts of surface soil, 6-10 parts of base material binder, 4-8 parts of wood fiber, 2-6 parts of base material conditioner, 2-4 parts of organic material, 1-2 parts of common compound fertilizer, 0.4-0.6 part of long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.2-0.4 part of water-retaining agent, 3.5-4.5 parts of pH regulator and 0.4-0.6 part of composite microbial inoculum.
2. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the base material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of lake sediment, 30 parts of surface soil, 8 parts of a base material binder, 6 parts of wood fiber, 4 parts of a base material conditioner, 3 parts of an organic material, 1.5 parts of a common compound fertilizer, 0.5 part of a long-acting compound fertilizer, 0.3 part of a water-retaining agent, 4 parts of a pH regulator and 0.5 part of a compound microbial inoculum.
3. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lake sediment drying treatment mode is that slaked lime and sodium thiosulfate are added into the sediment, anaerobic fermentation is carried out, oxygen is introduced for aeration treatment, and finally dehydration and pressure drying are carried out, wherein the water content of the treated lake sediment is not more than 10%.
4. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the surface soil is soil, is taken from a surface soil layer with the depth of more than 3m on the earth surface, has the particle size of not more than 10mm and the water content of not more than 10 percent.
5. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake bottom sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the base material binder consists of Portland cement, fly ash and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2:3: 2.
6. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wood fiber is pine or poplar fiber, is prepared by wood through the steps of peeling, washing and chipping and combining an air-blast heating method, and is easy to mix and spray during construction.
7. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the base material conditioner consists of zeolite powder, biochar and crystalline silicon in a mass ratio of 5:2:1, wherein the biochar is one or a mixture of wood biological carbon and mineral biological carbon;
the organic material is one or a mixture of more of rice hulls, crushed straws and sawdust.
8. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the common compound fertilizer is 1-2:1-2: 2-3; the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the long-acting compound fertilizer is 2-3: 4-5;
the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
9. The slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pH regulator consists of phosphogypsum powder, humic acid powder and ferrous sulfate powder in a mass ratio of 5:1: 1;
the composite microbial inoculum is a mixture of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, the proportion of each component is 18-20:8-10:14-16, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 4 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g。
10. A method for preparing a slope ecological restoration substrate taking lake sediment as a main material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: mixing the Portland cement, the fly ash and the polyvinyl alcohol in parts by weight to prepare a base material binder;
step 2: mixing the zeolite powder, the biochar and the crystalline silicon in parts by weight to prepare a base material structure conditioner;
and step 3: mixing the phosphogypsum powder, the humic acid powder and the ferrous sulfate powder in parts by weight to prepare a pH regulator;
and 4, step 4: mixing the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria in parts by weight to obtain a composite microbial inoculum;
and 5: mixing the common compound fertilizer, the long-acting compound fertilizer, the biochar and the water-retaining agent in parts by weight to prepare a mixture A;
step 6: uniformly mixing the base material conditioner prepared in the step 2, the pH regulator prepared in the step 3, the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step 4 and the mixture prepared in the step 5 to prepare a mixture B;
and 7: and (2) fully mixing and stirring the lake sediment, the surface soil and the wood fiber in parts by weight for 4-5 minutes by using water, sequentially adding the base material binder prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (6), mixing and stirring for 2-5 minutes again, adding the plant seeds and the water, and stirring uniformly to obtain the slope ecological restoration base material taking the lake sediment as the main material.
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| JP2006214145A (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Dai Nippon Construction | Reinforcing structure of levee and reinforcing method |
| CN102229485A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-11-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Dredged sediment based plant adaptability matrix and ecological restoration method of bare slope |
| CN105507333A (en) * | 2016-01-01 | 2016-04-20 | 三峡大学 | Vegetation brick for realizing slope reinforcement and ecological restoration functions and making method thereof |
| CN105970979A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 河海大学 | Ecological slope protection method based on sludge solidification soil |
| CN114477937A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Low-alkalinity curing agent and plant growth base material for slope ecological restoration and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006214145A (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Dai Nippon Construction | Reinforcing structure of levee and reinforcing method |
| CN102229485A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-11-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Dredged sediment based plant adaptability matrix and ecological restoration method of bare slope |
| CN105507333A (en) * | 2016-01-01 | 2016-04-20 | 三峡大学 | Vegetation brick for realizing slope reinforcement and ecological restoration functions and making method thereof |
| CN105970979A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 河海大学 | Ecological slope protection method based on sludge solidification soil |
| CN114477937A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Low-alkalinity curing agent and plant growth base material for slope ecological restoration and preparation method thereof |
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