CN115095475A - Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation - Google Patents

Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115095475A
CN115095475A CN202210727326.9A CN202210727326A CN115095475A CN 115095475 A CN115095475 A CN 115095475A CN 202210727326 A CN202210727326 A CN 202210727326A CN 115095475 A CN115095475 A CN 115095475A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blade
wind turbine
vertical axis
main shaft
blades
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Pending
Application number
CN202210727326.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李寿图
何坤雲
杨福爱
马彦平
马玉龙
万芳
杨从新
李晔
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Application filed by Lanzhou University of Technology filed Critical Lanzhou University of Technology
Priority to CN202210727326.9A priority Critical patent/CN115095475A/en
Publication of CN115095475A publication Critical patent/CN115095475A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/061Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation, which comprises compound blades, a support connecting rod and a wind turbine main shaft, wherein the compound blades are uniformly distributed in the rotating circumferential direction of the wind turbine main shaft; the convex surface of the outer layer blade faces the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the concave surface of the inner layer blade faces the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine; the outer layer blade is fixedly connected with the inner layer blade through two parallel blade-shaped components, one end of a support connecting rod which is arranged in parallel from top to bottom is fixedly connected on the inner layer blade, and the other end of the support connecting rod is connected with a main shaft of the wind driven generator. The vertical axis wind turbine composed of the compound blades can effectively inhibit the separation of the boundary layer of the blades, improve the self-starting capability of the vertical axis wind turbine and enlarge the working wind speed interval of the vertical axis wind turbine; the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine is obviously improved.

Description

Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind energy utilization in new energy, in particular to a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation.
Background
Wind energy is one of important renewable energy sources, and wind turbines are widely used as a conversion device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, electric energy or heat energy. The wind turbines may be classified into a horizontal axis wind turbine and a vertical axis wind turbine. Compared with a horizontal axis wind turbine, the vertical axis wind turbine does not need to face the wind and is more suitable for complex environments. However, in the conventional lift type vertical axis wind turbine, under the condition of low wind speed, the torque generated by the blades is very small, the self-starting is difficult, and the wind energy utilization rate of the conventional vertical axis wind turbine is generally low. The factors influencing the working efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine are numerous, wherein dynamic stall and boundary layer separation are inherent characteristics of the vertical axis wind turbine and are one of the main factors influencing the starting performance of the vertical axis wind turbine and the low wind energy utilization rate.
Patent CN202900530U proposes a novel vertical axis wind turbine, the number of blades on the wall beam of the wind turbine is plural, compared with the traditional lift force type vertical axis wind turbine, the wind turbine of this type improves the output of the total torque by increasing the number of blades without considering the aerodynamic mechanism of interaction between the blades, and does not achieve the function of improving the starting performance and the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine by inhibiting the separation of the blade boundary layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation so as to solve the problems in the prior art. The invention can effectively inhibit the separation of the boundary layer of the blade, improves the inherent characteristics of the vertical axis wind turbine, reduces the resistance of the wind wheel, reduces the loss of the blade tip, improves the self-starting capability and enlarges the working wind speed interval of the vertical axis wind turbine; the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine is obviously improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation, which comprises compound blades, a support connecting rod and a wind turbine main shaft,
the compound blades are uniformly distributed on the rotating circumference of the main shaft of the wind turbine respectively, and the compound blades are all asymmetric airfoil-shaped; the convex surface of the outer layer blade of the compound blade faces the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the concave surface of the inner layer blade is over against the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine; the outer-layer blades are fixedly connected with the inner-layer blades through two parallel blade connecting pieces, one ends of the supporting connecting rods are fixedly connected to the inner-layer blades and arranged in parallel up and down, and the other ends of the supporting connecting rods are connected with a main shaft of the wind turbine.
Preferably, the inner blade and the outer blade of the compound blade are longitudinally arranged in parallel at a distance of 0.3-0.9 times of the chord length of the airfoil, and the compound blade is parallel to the main shaft of the wind turbine.
Preferably, the maximum relative blade thickness (relative to the chord length of the airfoil) of the inner blade and the outer blade of the compound blade is below 15%.
Preferably, the fixed connection points of the two parallel blade connecting plates are respectively arranged at 0.2 and 0.8 of the depth of the inner-layer blade or the outer-layer blade, and the appearance of the blade connecting plates is also airfoil-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the inner and outer asymmetric wing blades are oppositely arranged at a chord length distance of 0.3 to 0.9 times, so that the flow area between the blades is firstly reduced and then increased, the convex surface of the blade obtains higher wind speed, and the pressure difference which is larger than that of the concave and convex surface of the traditional lift type vertical axis wind turbine is obtained, thereby effectively inhibiting the separation of a boundary layer, achieving the purpose of improving the lift force and obviously improving the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine.
2. When the wind turbine runs at low wind speed, the outer blade can provide positive and large lifting force, so that the wind turbine meets the requirement of starting the lifting force at lower wind speed, the self-starting capability is improved, and the working wind speed interval of the vertical axis wind turbine is expanded.
3. Under high wind speed, the rotating speed of the wind turbine is increased, the speed among the compound blades is obviously increased, the Reynolds number is increased, the lift coefficient of the blades is increased, the boundary layer separation is delayed, and the dynamic stall is better overcome.
4. The blade connecting plate with the wing-shaped structure can effectively reduce the resistance of a wind wheel in working, and the improvement of the self-starting capability and the increase of the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine after the asymmetric wing-shaped double-blade vertical axis wind turbine is adopted can effectively promote the large-scale and large-scale development of a single machine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a vertical axis wind turbine based on suppression of boundary layer separation;
FIG. 2 is a layout top view of a vertical axis wind turbine based on boundary layer separation suppression;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vertical axis wind turbine blade structure capable of suppressing boundary layer separation
FIG. 4 is a diagram of wind energy utilization coefficient improvement of a vertical axis wind turbine capable of suppressing boundary layer separation
FIG. 5 is a CFD (flow chart) of vertical axis wind turbine capable of suppressing boundary layer separation
Wherein, 1 is a compound blade; 1-1 outer layer blade; 1-2 inner layer blades; 1-3 blade attachments; 2, a connecting rod is supported; 3, a main shaft of the wind turbine.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, effectively inhibit boundary layer separation, obviously reduce wind wheel resistance and blade tip loss, improve self-starting capability and enlarge the working wind speed interval of a vertical axis wind turbine; the wind energy utilization rate of the vertical axis wind turbine is obviously improved.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of suppressing boundary layer separation, which is composed of a compound blade 1, an inner layer blade 1-2, an outer layer blade 1-1, a blade connecting member 1-3, a support connecting rod 2, a wind turbine main shaft 3, and the like.
The inner layer blade 1-2 and the outer layer blade 1-1 are uniformly distributed on the inner layer and the outer layer on the rotating circumference of a wind turbine main shaft 3, the inner layer blade and the outer layer blade are in asymmetric wing shapes, the convex surface of the outer layer blade 1-1 faces the direction of the wind turbine main shaft 3, the outer layer blade 1-1 is fixedly connected with the inner layer blade 1-2 through two parallel blade connecting pieces 1-3, the blade fixed connecting points are arranged at the positions of 0.2 and 0.8 of the blade height, and the appearance of the blade connecting pieces 1-3 is close to the wing shapes, so that the resistance generated in the rotating process of a wind wheel is reduced. The concave surface of the inner layer blade 1-2 faces the direction of the main shaft 3 of the wind turbine, and when the wind turbine works normally, the inner layer blade 1-2 provides main power for the wind turbine. The supporting connecting rods 2 which are arranged in parallel up and down are fixedly connected to the 1\4 to 1\3 chord length part of the inner layer blade 1-2 from the front edge, the other end of the supporting connecting rod 2 is connected with the main shaft 3 of the wind machine, and the moment of the lifting force generated by the inner and outer blades is transmitted to the main shaft 3 of the wind machine through the supporting connecting rods 2 to rotate, so that the conversion of wind energy and mechanical energy is realized.
In the practical use process, the airfoil shapes of the inner-layer blade and the outer-layer blade can be different, the chord lengths of the blades can be different, and the inner-layer blade 1-2 can adopt an asymmetric airfoil shape or a symmetric airfoil shape.
The inner layer blade and the outer layer blade are fixedly connected by the blade connecting pieces 1-3 with the appearance similar to an airfoil shape and are coaxially, uniformly and equidistantly arranged, and the blade connecting pieces 1-3 with the streamline structure can reduce the rotating resistance of the impeller and reduce the blade tip loss. The wind machine main shaft 3 is driven to rotate by the supporting connecting rod 2, and the wind machine main shaft 3 is connected with the generator. The inner and outer blades in the structure are asymmetric wing profiles, the maximum relative thickness of the blades is below 15%, the thinner wing profiles are adopted to reduce the resistance in work, the inner and outer blades are distributed at a distance of 0.3-0.9 times of chord length, the longitudinal direction of the blades is parallel to a main shaft 3 of a wind turbine, the 1-2 concave surface of the inner blade faces the main shaft 3 of the wind turbine, the 1-1 convex surface of the outer blade faces the main shaft 3 of the wind turbine, namely, the convex surface and the concave surface of the inner and outer blades are oppositely arranged, so that the wind speed between the inner and outer blades is improved.
Furthermore, the inner and outer asymmetric airfoil blades are longitudinally parallel and opposite in direction, when the inner and outer blades are fixedly connected with the blade connecting pieces 1-3, the connecting points are arranged at the positions of 0.2 and 0.8 times of the height of the blades, the blade connecting pieces 1-3 adopt a symmetric airfoil structure, a streamline structure is used for reducing the vorticity generated by the rotation of the wind wheel, the resistance of the wind wheel can be effectively reduced, the blade tip loss can be effectively reduced, the inner and outer blades are longitudinally arranged in parallel at the interval of 0.3 to 0.9 times of chord length, and the inflow wind can be sufficiently accelerated by proper blade interval, so that the effect of improving the lift force is achieved. When the inflow wind reaches the vicinity of a leading edge point at a relative wind speed, a similar neck opening is formed due to the fact that the thickness of the blades is increased gradually and the blades have a certain small attack angle, the flow area between the inner blade and the outer blade is reduced gradually, the wind speed between the blades is increased gradually, a throat part is formed near the maximum thickness of the blades when the ventilation area is the minimum, the wind speed reaches the maximum when the inflow wind reaches the throat part, the pressure reaches the minimum, then the thickness of the blades is reduced, the flow area is increased to form an expansion pipe, the wind speed of flowing through is reduced gradually, the pressure is increased gradually, and the pressure reaches the maximum at a trailing edge. Compared with the traditional lift vertical axis wind turbine, the convex surface and the concave surface of the blade can obtain higher pressure difference under the same wind condition, namely the blade obtains higher lift, and the wind energy utilization rate is obviously improved (the specific effect is shown in figure 4).
Under the same wind condition, the blades can enable the wind wheel to meet the requirement of starting lift force under the lower wind condition under the action of the outer blades, and the problem that the starting wind speed of the traditional vertical axis wind turbine is high is solved. Along with the increase of the wind speed, the internal wind speed between the inner blade and the outer blade is obviously increased, the Reynolds number is increased, the position of a fluid separation point of an airfoil suction force or a pressure surface is moved backwards, the boundary layer separation is delayed, and the dynamic stall is better overcome (the specific effect is shown in figure 5), so that the development of the single machine large-scale vertical axis wind turbine is effectively improved, and the large-scale development of the vertical axis wind turbine group is promoted.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation is characterized in that: comprises compound blades, blade connecting pieces and supporting connecting rods;
the compound blades are uniformly distributed on the rotating circumference of the main shaft of the wind turbine respectively, and the compound blades are asymmetric airfoil profiles or symmetric airfoil profiles; the convex surface of the outer layer blade of the compound blade faces the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the concave surface of the inner layer blade faces the direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine; the outer-layer blade is fixedly connected with the inner-layer blade through two parallel blade connecting pieces, one end of each supporting connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner-layer blade, and the other end of each supporting connecting rod is connected with a main shaft of the wind driven generator.
2. The vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of suppressing boundary layer separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance value between the inner layer blade and the outer layer blade of the compound blade is a numerical value of 0.3-0.9 times of the chord length of the blade, and the compound blade is arranged in parallel with the main shaft of the wind turbine.
3. The vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of suppressing boundary layer separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the maximum relative thickness of the blades of the inner blade and the outer blade of the compound blade is below the value of 15% of the chord length of the airfoil blade.
4. The vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of suppressing boundary layer separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed connection points of the two parallel blade connecting pieces are respectively arranged at the positions of 0.2 and 0.8 of the height of the inner-layer blade or the outer-layer blade, and the appearance of each blade connecting piece is airfoil-shaped.
CN202210727326.9A 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation Pending CN115095475A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210727326.9A CN115095475A (en) 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210727326.9A CN115095475A (en) 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine structure capable of inhibiting boundary layer separation

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CN115095475A true CN115095475A (en) 2022-09-23

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005002962A (en) * 2003-06-13 2005-01-06 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Vertical shaft type wind power generation device
US20070224029A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2007-09-27 Tadashi Yokoi Blades for a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, and the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
JP2011052657A (en) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-17 Hiroki Miyoshi Vertical axis windmill
CN102269121A (en) * 2011-08-19 2011-12-07 李荣江 Vertical-axis wind driven rotating power generation system
KR20120061264A (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-13 (주)알파쏠라테크 Vertical axis wind turbine having cascaded mutiblade
KR20120088958A (en) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 에너진(주) a rotor for wind power generator
CN105545602A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-04 南通大学 Vertical axis wind turbine with rotating cylinders on front edge
CN111852758A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-10-30 兰州理工大学 Vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel structure based on horizontal axis wind turbine blade reuse

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005002962A (en) * 2003-06-13 2005-01-06 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Vertical shaft type wind power generation device
US20070224029A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2007-09-27 Tadashi Yokoi Blades for a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, and the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
JP2011052657A (en) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-17 Hiroki Miyoshi Vertical axis windmill
KR20120061264A (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-13 (주)알파쏠라테크 Vertical axis wind turbine having cascaded mutiblade
KR20120088958A (en) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 에너진(주) a rotor for wind power generator
CN102269121A (en) * 2011-08-19 2011-12-07 李荣江 Vertical-axis wind driven rotating power generation system
CN105545602A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-04 南通大学 Vertical axis wind turbine with rotating cylinders on front edge
CN111852758A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-10-30 兰州理工大学 Vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel structure based on horizontal axis wind turbine blade reuse

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