CN105545583B - Wind power generation blade and lee face go out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle - Google Patents
Wind power generation blade and lee face go out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generator, go out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle more particularly, to a kind of wind power generation blade and lee face.The wind power generation blade includes windward side and lee face, with lee face to the minimum target of blade rotational resistance, by Flow continuity principle, momentum theorem and geometrical relationship, determines that lee face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle and isWherein, Va1For the wind speed that becomes a mandarin, Ve2For the linear velocity of lee face air-out point, N is the quantity of wind power generation blade, and l is the wind power generation blade width at lee face air-out point, and r is the radius of circle where lee face air-out point.The present invention makes the axis direction that air rotates to the active force of wind power generation blade along wind power generation blade, so that rotation of the air substantially not to wind power generation blade produces the moment of resistance, air force is given full play to, the ability that the energy of moving air is converted into blade rotational energy by wind power generation blade is improved, improves wind energy utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generator, goes out stream more particularly, to a kind of wind power generation blade and lee face and cuts
The determination method at line inclination angle.
Background technology
The operation principle of Wind turbines is to convert wind energy into mechanical energy by blade, then passes through wheel hub, axle and gear-box
Mechanical energy is passed to wind-driven generator etc. attachment means, finally by generator by mechanical energy change into electric energy transfer to power network for
Family uses, therefore blade is one of core component of Wind turbines.
At present, wind power generation blade is continued to use aircraft wing more and grown up, and the design process of turbines vane is by the wing
Type forms according to certain torsional angle, chord length and thickness distribution along blade exhibition vector product is folded, so the aeroperformance quality of aerofoil profile is to wind
The wind energy power of catching of group of motors has important influence, directly determines the wind energy utilization efficiency of Wind turbines.Past tens
Nian Li, wind-driven generator pool-size is small, wind energy utilization efficiency is low, then due to foozle, sandstone and dust friction, insect remains
Attachment, the factor such as corrosion of air and rainwater cause the increase of blade inlet edge surface roughness, traditional airfoil is under the big angle of attack
It is too early into turbulent flow, aerofoil profile top face boundary layer by laminar flow transition in advance with the increase aerofoil profile edge boundary layer of preceding edge roughness
Separate, cause blade maximum lift coefficient degradation.
With the continuous increase of Wind turbines capacity, traditional airfoil has been difficult the design requirement for meeting modern wind turbine,
In order to reduce energy loss, the U.S., Holland, Denmark, Sweden etc. country early in 20th century the eighties begin to carry out wind turbine
The aerofoil profile exploitation of group.External blade generally employs Special Airfoil of Wind Turbine at present, not only increases the efficiency of Wind turbines,
And reduce blade processing cost, reduce noise, the good stalling characteristics of aerofoil profile are advantageously in the control of Wind turbines.
Domestic new aerofoil design studies are started late, and lack the design data and aerodynamic data of new aerofoil, and serious have impact on the country
The design level of blade.
China is the abundant country of wind energy resources, low in 10m according to the data of China Meterological Science Research Institute's estimation, China
The wind resource developed of empty scope is about 1,000,000,000 kW, wherein land about 2.53 hundred million kW, if expanding to 50-60m
Height above, wind resource at least will expand again to be twice.And domestic wind resource is concentrated mainly on three northern areas of China and east
Coastal area, good condition is provided to large-scale development and utilization.Chinese recent decades Wind Power Generation Industry is quickly grown,
Total installation of generating capacity growth rate is held at more than 100% in continuous 3 years 2006~2008 years, and so rapidly development is also brought
Some technical urgent problems to be solved.
In the research that blade rotates wind wheel is still in the exploratory stage to air stream (wind) active role at present, it is Chinese
Wind-resources Europe and U.S. locations quality relatively is relatively poor, and most area annual mean wind speed is relatively low, and domestic wind power plant
In the unit of external import is installed extensively, have that wind turbines rotor threshold wind velocity is big, specified operating air velocity is high, wind energy profit
With the low problem of rate, the wind energy conversion system of these imports is set power coefficient all occur less than design load, annual electricity generating capacity in China
Less than the phenomenon of external testing level.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of determination method that wind power generation blade and lee face go out to flow tangent line inclination angle, fill
Air force is waved in distribution, and the ability of blade rotational energy is converted into improve blade of wind-driven generator by the energy of moving air,
Improve wind energy utilization.
Wind power generation blade provided by the invention, including windward side and lee face, it is if lee face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle
AndWherein, Va1For the wind speed that becomes a mandarin, Ve2For the linear velocity of lee face air-out point
(i.e. the velocity of following), N are the quantity of wind power generation blade, and l is the wind power generation blade width at lee face air-out point, and r is the back of the body
The radius of circle where wind face air-out point.
Further, the lee face goes out to flow the back of the body for a certain cross section end that tangent line inclination angle is the wind power generation blade
Angle between wind face air-out point tangential direction and the linear velocity opposite direction of the lee face air-out point.
Further, the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Direction perpendicular to the wind power generation blade Plane of rotation.
Further, linear velocity (velocity of following) V of the lee face air-out pointe2By the specified work(of wind-driven generator
Rate is calculated.
The lee face of the wind power generation blade provided by the invention goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, including following step
Suddenly：
Establish lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angleThe absolute discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointa2, lee face air-out point
Linear velocity (velocity of following) Ve2And the relative discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointr2Between relation；Wherein, the back of the body
The absolute discharge velocity V of wind face air-out pointa2Direction perpendicular to the wind power generation blade Plane of rotation, with eliminate wind-force hair
The air of electric blade lee face is to inhibition caused by wind power generation blade rotation；
Establish the absolute discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointa2With the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Between relation；
Establish the lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angleLinear velocity V on the lee face air-out pointe2And it is described enter
Flow wind speed Va1Equation；Due to the linear velocity V of the lee face air-out pointe2Can be by the rated power of wind-driven generator
It is calculated, the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1For rated value, you can try to achieve lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angle
Further, according to the relative motion relation of the wind power generation blade and air, it is known that the lee face air-out
The absolute discharge velocity V of pointa2For the linear velocity V of the pointe2With relative discharge velocity Vr2Vector, according to vector calculus
Relation obtains
Further, the absolute discharge velocity V of the lee face air-out pointa2With the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Between relation
According to Flow continuity establishing equation, i.e. 2 π rdrVa1=(2 π r-Nl) drVa2, wherein, N be wind power generation blade quantity, l
For the wind power generation blade width at lee face air-out point, r is the radius of circle where lee face air-out point.
Further, establish the lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angleLinear velocity on the lee face air-out point
Ve2And the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Equation：
Further, the lee face goes out to flow the back of the body for a certain cross section end that tangent line inclination angle is the wind power generation blade
Angle between wind face air-out point tangential direction and the linear velocity opposite direction of the lee face air-out point.
Further, the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Direction perpendicular to the wind power generation blade Plane of rotation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The axis direction that blade lee face air rotates to the active force of wind power generation blade along wind power generation blade, makes it
Substantially the rotation not to its wind power generation blade produces resistance and the moment of resistance, air force are given full play to, so as to improve
The energy of moving air is converted into the ability of blade rotational energy by wind power generation blade, improves wind energy utilization.
The toggle speed of wind power generation blade of the present invention is smaller, can be widely applied to most of China annual wind
Speed is in 5m/s~7.5m/s low wind speed region.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in embodiment or description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the front view of wind turbines rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the rotating speed of the lee face air-out point for the cross section that wind power generation blade radius is r and air velocity are decomposed and shown
It is intended to.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to
Be easy to the description present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction or imply signified device or element must have specific orientation,
With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" the 3rd " is only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at this
Concrete meaning in invention.
Fig. 1 is the front view of wind turbines rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 2 is that wind power generation blade radius is
The rotating speed and air velocity decomposing schematic representation of the lee face air-out point of r cross section.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, air draught blows to wind power generation blade from horizontal direction, i.e. the direction that becomes a mandarin of air is hung down
Directly in the Plane of rotation of wind power generation blade, the wind speed that becomes a mandarin is set as Va1。
Wind power generation blade 1 under the promotion of air draught in vertical plane internal rotation, i.e., it is any one on wind power generation blade 1
Point linear velocity direction with the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Direction it is vertical.Wind power generation blade 1 includes windward side 11 and leeward
Face 12, so that radius on some wind power generation blade 1 is r cross section as an example, its lee face air-out point is designated as point A, and sets
Point A linear velocity (transport motion speed or the velocity of following) is Ve2, the center of circle of circle is lee face where lee face air-out point
The intersection point of the Plane of rotation of wind power generation blade where air-out point and the rotation axis of wind power generation blade.
After air flow to the windward side 11 of wind power generation blade 1, promote wind power generation blade 1 to rotate, make lee face air-out
It is V that point A, which has linear velocity,e2, air is from lee face air-out point A outflows, and with respect to discharge velocity, (i.e. air is relative to wind-force for it
The rate of outflow of power generation blade 1) it is designated as Vr2, and Vr2There is angle with vertical planeI.e. lee face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle.It is specific next
Say, lee face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angleFor the folder between lee face air-out point A tangential directions and point A linear velocity opposite direction
Angle.
Lee face air-out point A relative discharge velocity Vr2With this transport motion speed Ve2Vector go out for lee face
The absolute discharge velocity V of wind pointa2Vector.
Because rotation of the air of the lee face 12 of wind power generation blade 1 to wind power generation blade 1 can play inhibition,
To be minimized this inhibition, it is necessary to it is vertical to flow through power caused by the air of the lee face 12 of wind power generation blade 1
In wind wheel Plane of rotation, therefore, the absolute discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointa2Perpendicular to the Plane of rotation of wind power generation blade 1
When (Va2Direction and Va1It is identical), go out to flow rotary motion of the air to wind power generation blade 1 and do not produce retardation, can be with
Improve utilization rate of the wind power generation blade 1 to wind energy.
It was found from geometrical relationship, in Δ ACD：
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2), obtained：
According to Flow continuity equation, can obtain：
2πrdrVa1=(2 π r-Nl) drVa2 (4)
Wherein, N is the quantity of wind power generation blade, and l is the wind power generation blade width at air-out point, and r is air-out point institute
In round radius.
So it can obtain：
Formula (5) is substituted into formula (3), and arranges and obtains：
So it can obtain：
Now, flowing through the active force that wind power generation blade point A air is subject to is：Wherein ρ is sky
Air tightness, q are the volume of air for flowing through wind power generation blade.
According to action and reaction law, now air is equal with F to the amount of force of wind power generation blade 1, direction
On the contrary, the wind power generation blade so designed, the air of lee face does not rotate to it substantially produces the moment of resistance (because of Va1、Va2
Along wind wheel rotor shaft direction, F is also that zero), air force obtains along wind wheel rotor shaft direction, its component in wind wheel Plane of rotation
Give full play to, the ability of wind wheel rotational energy is converted into so as to improve wind power generation blade by the energy of moving air, improve
Wind energy utilization.
Illustrated below with a specific embodiment：
The quantity N=3 of wind power generation blade, (become a mandarin rated wind speed wind speed Va1) it is 7.5m/s, the volume of wind-driven generator
It is 25kw to determine power, and each lee face air-out point goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle on a certain wind power generation bladeAs shown in table 1, wherein,
Wind power generation blade width l at each air-out point is obtained by actual measurement, the linear velocity V of air-out pointe2By wind-power electricity generation
The rated power of machine is calculated.
Table 1：Lee face air-out point goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle
The wind power generation blade designed according to upper table, relative to the existing blade under equal conditions, wind energy utilization can
Improve 9~13%.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wind power generation blade, including windward side and lee face, it is characterised in that set lee face go out to flow tangent line inclination angle as
AndWherein, the lee face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle for the wind power generation blade
Between the lee face air-out point tangential direction of a certain cross section end and the linear velocity opposite direction of the lee face air-out point
Angle；Va1For the wind speed that becomes a mandarin, Ve2For the linear velocity of lee face air-out point, N is the quantity of wind power generation blade, and l is leeward
Wind power generation blade width at face air-out point, r are the radius of circle where lee face air-out point, circle where lee face air-out point
The intersection point of the Plane of rotation of wind power generation blade of the center of circle where lee face air-out point and the rotation axis of wind power generation blade.
2. wind power generation blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Direction perpendicular to institute
State the Plane of rotation of wind power generation blade.
3. wind power generation blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the linear velocity of the lee face air-out point
Ve2It is calculated by the rated power of wind-driven generator.
4. the lee face of wind power generation blade goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
Establish lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angleThe absolute discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointa2, lee face air-out point rotation
Linear velocity Ve2And the relative discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointr2Between relation；Wherein, the lee face air-out point is exhausted
To discharge velocity Va2Direction perpendicular to the wind power generation blade Plane of rotation, to eliminate wind power generation blade lee face
Air is to inhibition caused by wind power generation blade rotation；It is the wind power generating blade that the lee face, which goes out to flow tangent line inclination angle,
The lee face air-out point tangential direction of a certain cross section end of piece and the linear velocity opposite direction of the lee face air-out point it
Between angle；
Establish the absolute discharge velocity V of lee face air-out pointa2With the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Between relation；
Establish the lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angleLinear velocity V on the lee face air-out pointe2And the wind that becomes a mandarin
Fast Va1Equation；Due to the linear velocity V of the lee face air-out pointe2It can be calculated by the rated power of wind-driven generator
Draw, the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1For rated value, you can try to achieve lee face and go out to flow tangent line inclination angle
5. lee face according to claim 4 goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, it is characterised in that
According to the relative motion relation of the wind power generation blade and air, it is known that the lee face air-out point definitely goes out flow velocity
Spend Va2For the linear velocity V of the pointe2With relative discharge velocity Vr2Vector, obtained according to vector calculus relation
6. lee face according to claim 5 goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, it is characterised in that the lee face goes out
The absolute discharge velocity V of wind pointa2With the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Between relation according to Flow continuity establishing equation, i.e. 2 π
rdrVa1=(2 π r-Nl) drVa2, wherein, N is the quantity of wind power generation blade, and l is the wind power generating blade at lee face air-out point
Piece width, r are the radius of circle where lee face air-out point, and the center of circle of circle is where lee face air-out point where lee face air-out point
Wind power generation blade Plane of rotation and wind power generation blade rotation axis intersection point.
7. lee face according to claim 6 goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, it is characterised in that establishes described leeward
Face goes out to flow tangent line inclination angleLinear velocity V on the lee face air-out pointe2And the wind speed V that becomes a mandarina1Equation：
8. the lee face according to claim any one of 4-7 goes out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle, it is characterised in that described
Become a mandarin wind speed Va1Direction perpendicular to the wind power generation blade Plane of rotation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610151248.7A CN105545583B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Wind power generation blade and lee face go out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle |
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| CN201610151248.7A CN105545583B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Wind power generation blade and lee face go out to flow the determination method at tangent line inclination angle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106837683B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-09-11 | 华北电力大学 | The optimal value for going out to flow tangent line inclination angle of windward side determines method |
| CN108397344B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-10-22 | 华北电力大学 | The determination method of wind power generation blade pitch angle |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2746189A1 (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-04-19 | Karl Friedel | Wind generator aerofoil blade mfr. - by drawing resin impregnated glass or carbon fibre woven hose over core and foaming interior with polyurethane on core removal |
| CN102072080A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-05-25 | 华北电力大学 | High-performance blade of wind turbine |
| CN102278272A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2011-12-14 | 吉林大学 | Protrusive horizontal shaft wind turbine blade |
| CN104314770A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-28 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Wind turbine blade with trailing edge flat plate |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8807940B2 (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2014-08-19 | Lm Glasfiber A/S | Wind turbine blade with lift-regulating means in form of slots or holes |
-
2016
- 2016-03-16 CN CN201610151248.7A patent/CN105545583B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2746189A1 (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-04-19 | Karl Friedel | Wind generator aerofoil blade mfr. - by drawing resin impregnated glass or carbon fibre woven hose over core and foaming interior with polyurethane on core removal |
| CN102072080A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-05-25 | 华北电力大学 | High-performance blade of wind turbine |
| CN102278272A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2011-12-14 | 吉林大学 | Protrusive horizontal shaft wind turbine blade |
| CN104314770A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-28 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Wind turbine blade with trailing edge flat plate |
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