CN115093990A - 一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用 - Google Patents

一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用 Download PDF

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CN115093990A
CN115093990A CN202210629520.3A CN202210629520A CN115093990A CN 115093990 A CN115093990 A CN 115093990A CN 202210629520 A CN202210629520 A CN 202210629520A CN 115093990 A CN115093990 A CN 115093990A
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lactobacillus plantarum
product
aspergillus
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bacteria
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张娟
彭政
杨欣宇
陈坚
吴巧茵
堵国成
李江华
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Jiangnan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用,属于生物工程技术领域。本发明提供了一株植物乳杆菌,所述植物乳杆菌保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62351,保藏日期为2022年04月01日。本发明筛选得到了一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的植物乳杆菌,并通过琼脂扩散法检测其抑菌效果,结果表明本发明提供的乳酸菌菌株对多种食品腐败菌及致病菌具有很好的抑菌作用,可抑制革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌、霉菌等,在食品领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用,属于生物工程技术领域。
背景技术
目前售卖的食品大多经过长时间的制作、贮存和运输,在微生物滋生和氧化下,食品极易发生腐败变质。为抑制有害微生物的生长,防止食品腐败变质,达到延长食品的保质期的目的,往往会在食品中添加防腐剂。然而研究表明,现阶段广泛应用的大多数化学防腐剂如长期食用,会对人体健康造成危害。相比较而言,微生物防腐剂因其天然、安全、健康而受到食品界的青睐,目前各国学者对其展开了广泛的研究。
以往的研究表明乳酸菌可以作为微生物防腐剂代替化学防腐剂应用在食品行业中。例如, Muhialdin等人从食物中筛选出4株具有抗真菌活性的乳酸菌,实验证明所筛选出的菌株的上清液可使乳酪的保质期在4℃时延长19-29d,在20-30℃时延长6-12d。Adesokan等人从家禽肉中筛选出了一株对烟熏肉制品中主要腐败菌有明显抑制性的植物乳杆菌,在6d内测定发酵液喷洒前后对烟熏肉的微生物影响,发现乳酸菌处理后的肉中大肠杆菌,葡萄球菌,霉菌和酵母菌数显著降低,抑菌效果明显。
植物乳杆菌是乳酸菌的一种,属于革兰氏阳性菌。植物乳杆菌是可用于食品的菌种之一,同时,作为益生菌也具有一定的保健作用:①有一定的免疫调节作用;②对致病菌有抑制作用;③降低血清胆固醇含量和预防心血管疾病;④维持肠道内菌群平衡;⑤促进营养物质吸收;⑥缓解乳糖不耐症;⑦抑制肿瘤细胞的形成等。
目前所报道的乳酸菌大多是对某一种或某一个属的腐败菌有抑制作用,同时对多种属有抑制效果的乳酸菌研究较少,由此可见,筛选具有优良广谱抑菌效果的乳酸菌菌株,特别是植物乳杆菌,可减少食品变质造成的损失,具有重要的社会意义和经济意义。
发明内容
本发明提供了一株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8,所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62351,保藏日期为2022年04月01日。
本发明的植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8来源于东北酸菜样品,使用细菌通用引物27F和1492R对筛选出的菌株进行菌落PCR,将得到的PCR产物送上海Songon公司测序之后,使用BLAST在NCBI上进行16S rRNA序列比对,同源度为99.86%,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,将该菌种经鉴定为植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum,已保藏在广东省菌种保藏中心,保藏号为GDMCC No:62351,命名为Lactobacillus plantarum D8。
所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8选用的培养基为MRS培养基。
所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的培养温度为37℃。
所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8具有如下形态特征:革兰氏阳性菌,呈直或弯的杆状,无鞭毛,不生芽孢;
所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8在37℃下培养24h后,其菌落形态特征为菌落直径为1.5~3.0mm,光滑,圆形,乳白色。
本发明还提供了一种微生物菌剂,所述微生物菌剂中含有权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌 (Lactobacillus plantarum)D8。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物菌剂中,植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum) D8的含量至少为:1×106CFU/mL。
本发明还提供了一种产品,所述产品中含有上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum) D8。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品中,植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum)D8的含量至少为:1×106CFU/mL。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品为:食品、保健品或化学品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述食品为保健食品;或所述食品为使用含有上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的发酵剂生产得到的乳制品、豆制品或果蔬制品;或所述食品为含有上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的饮料或零食。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述化学品包括但不限于药品、抑菌剂、食品防腐剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述抑菌剂抑制的细菌包括但不限于:单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、荧光假单胞菌 (Pseudomonas fluorescens)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)、副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、红色沙雷氏菌(Serratia rubidaea)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)、链格孢霉(Alternaria sp.)、指状青霉 (Penicilliumdigitatum)。
本发明还提供了上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8,或上述微生物菌剂,或含有上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的化学品在抑制环境中食品腐败菌及致病菌中的应用,所述环境为非生物体内的环境。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述食品腐败菌及致病菌包括但不限于:单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、荧光假单胞菌 (Pseudomonas fluorescens)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)、副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、黄曲霉 (Aspergillus flavus)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、红色沙雷氏菌(Serratia rubidaea)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)、链格孢霉(Alternaria sp.)、指状青霉 (Penicilliumdigitatum)。
本发明还提供了上述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8,或上述微生物菌剂在制备抑菌产品中的应用。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述抑菌剂抑制的细菌包括但不限于:单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、荧光假单胞菌 (Pseudomonas fluorescens)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)、副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、黄曲霉 (Aspergillus flavus)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、红色沙雷氏菌(Serratia rubidaea)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)、链格孢霉(Alternaria sp.)、指状青霉 (Penicilliumdigitatum)。
有益效果
本发明提供了一株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8,经鉴定,该植物乳杆菌D8 可广谱抑制食品腐败菌,具体体现在:将该植物乳杆菌D8的发酵液通过琼脂扩散法检测抑菌效果,结果表明本发明提供的植物乳杆菌D8对多种容易引起食物腐败和具有致病性的革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌及霉菌等均具有抑制作用,其中对单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)、副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、红色沙雷氏菌(Serratiarubidaea)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacterfreundii)、指状青霉(Penicillium digitatum)的抑菌圈可到达15mm以上。可见,植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8在抑制环境中食品腐败菌及致病菌中具有巨大的应用前景。
生物材料保藏
一株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8,分类学命名为Lactobacillusplantarum,已于2022年04月01日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCCNo:62351,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼,广东省科学院微生物研究所。
附图说明
图1:本发明植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的16SrDNA序列扩增片段电泳结果。
图2:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8菌株形态图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的阐述。
下述实施例中所涉及的指示剂单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、荧光假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、屎肠球菌、红色沙雷氏菌、恶臭假单胞菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌购自广东省微生物菌种保藏中心。下述实施例中所涉及的植物乳杆菌1-3、植物乳杆菌3-9为本发明同期筛选菌株。
下述实施例中所涉及的指示剂的信息如表1所示。
表1:实验指示菌株
Figure BDA0003674633320000041
Figure 1
注:G+:革兰氏阳性菌;G-:革兰氏阴性菌。
下述实施例中所涉及的培养基配制方法如下:
MRS液体培养基:蛋白胨10.0g/L,牛肉浸粉8.0g/L,酵母浸粉4.0g/L,葡萄糖20.0g/L,磷酸氢二钾2.0g/L,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g/L,乙酸钠5.0g/L,硫酸镁0.2g/L,硫酸锰0.04g/L,吐温-80 1.0g/L。
MRS固体培养基:蛋白胨10.0g/L,牛肉浸粉8.0g/L,酵母浸粉4.0g/L,葡萄糖20.0g/L,磷酸氢二钾2.0g/L,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g/L,乙酸钠5.0g/L,硫酸镁0.2g/L,硫酸锰0.04g/L,吐温-80 1.0g/L,琼脂粉15g/L。
TSB培养基:胰蛋白胨17.0g/L,大豆蛋白胨3.0g/L,氯化钠5.0g/L,磷酸氢二钾2.5g/L,葡萄糖2.5g/L。
TSA培养基:胰蛋白胨17.0g/L,大豆蛋白胨3.0g/L,氯化钠5.0g/L,磷酸氢二钾2.5g/L,葡萄糖2.5g/L,琼脂粉15g/L。
3%氯化钠营养肉汤培养基(NB):蛋白胨10.0g/L,牛肉浸膏3.0g/L,氯化钠30.0g/L。
3%氯化钠营养琼脂培养基(NA):蛋白胨10.0g/L,牛肉浸膏3.0g/L,氯化钠30.0g/L,琼脂粉15.0g/L。
LB液体培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母粉5g/L,氯化钠10g/L。
LB固体培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母粉5g/L,氯化钠10g/L,琼脂粉15g/L。
PDA固体培养基:马铃薯浸出粉12.0g/L,葡萄糖20.0g/L,琼脂粉15.0g/L,氯霉素0.2 g/L。
实施例1:抑菌乳酸菌的筛选
具体步骤如下:
1、指示菌的制备
曲霉菌具有繁殖能力强、生长范围广、可产生毒素等特点,是导致多种食品腐败的原因,但目前有关乳酸菌抑制霉菌的研究相对较少,因此选择黑曲霉、黄曲霉、米曲霉、杂色曲霉作为筛选的指示菌并制备相应的霉菌孢子悬液,调节孢子浓度至1×106CFU/mL,4℃保存,备用。
2、乳酸菌发酵液的制备
将东北酸菜中筛选得到的48株乳酸菌菌株的单菌落接种于50mL的MRS液体培养基中, 37℃,静置培养24h,获得的发酵液液为抑菌实验备用,4℃保存。
3、发酵液抑菌活性筛选
将步骤1中制备的霉菌孢子悬液100μL涂布在MRS培养基上,取10μL乳酸菌种子液点加至培养基上,置于30℃恒温箱中静置培养2d,观察乳酸菌抑菌性能,结果见表2。
表2:发酵液抑菌活性筛选实验结果
Figure BDA0003674633320000061
Figure BDA0003674633320000071
注:+:有抑制作用;-:无抑制作用
实施例2:乳酸菌的鉴定
具体步骤如下:
(1)对实施例1中筛选得到的菌株D8使用通用细菌引物27F和1492R扩增菌株16SrRNA 基因。其中通用细菌引物27F序列为5’-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3’,通用细菌引物1492R序列为5’-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’。
(2)使用50μL反应混合物进行PCR,选择Taq DNA Polymerase(Takara公司)酶进行, PCR条件为预变性95℃,3min;扩增阶段34个循环,按照95℃,15s;50℃,15s;72℃,15s,72℃,5min进行,得到PCR产物。
(3)将步骤(2)得到的PCR产物通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行分析(图1)并送上海Songon 公司进行测序。
(4)使用BLAST在NCBI数据库中将序列与先前发布的细菌16S rRNA序列比对,同源度为99.86%,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。所述菌株B在LB固体培养基中,其菌落特征为:菌落直径为2.0-3.5mm,光滑,圆形,黄白,如图2所示。
(5)经鉴定,菌株D8为Lactobacillus plantarum,属于乳杆菌属,并保藏于广东省菌种保藏中心,保藏号为GDMCC No:62351,将其命名为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum) D8。
实施例3:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的广谱抑菌活性
具体步骤如下:
1、指示菌的制备
选择常见的食品腐败菌作为指示菌,菌株信息见表1。
细菌:
分别将单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、荧光假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、红色沙雷氏菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、屎肠球菌、恶臭假单胞菌接种于表1所述的相应的液体培养基中,培养条件如表1,培养时间为:12h,分别制备得到单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌悬液、金黄色葡萄球菌菌悬液、荧光假单胞菌菌悬液、大肠杆菌菌悬液、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌悬液、副溶血性弧菌菌悬液、红色沙雷氏菌悬液、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌悬液、屎肠球菌悬液、恶臭假单胞菌悬液;分别将上述指示菌用生理盐水调节浓度至1×106CFU/mL, 4℃保存,备用。
霉菌:分别将黑曲霉、黄曲霉、米曲霉、杂色曲霉、链格孢霉、指状青霉接种于PDA固体培养基上,培养条件如表1,培养时间为:7d,待其长出大量孢子后,向培养基中加入10 mL生理盐水,刮洗孢子并分别过滤除去菌丝体,分别得到黑曲霉孢子悬液、黄曲霉孢子悬液、米曲霉孢子悬液、杂色曲霉孢子悬液、链格孢霉孢子悬液、指状青霉孢子悬液,分别用生理盐水调节浓度至1×106CFU/mL,4℃保存,备用。
2、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8发酵液的制备
挑取植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8单菌落接种于50mL的MRS液体培养基中,37℃,静置培养8h至OD600为1.2~1.5作为种子液;
将1mL种子液接种于100mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃,静置培养24h,培养至菌体浓度为6×109CFU/mL,获得的发酵液为抑菌实验备用,4℃保存。
3、广谱抑菌活性测定
广谱抑菌活性的测定采用琼脂扩散法。
细菌:
(1)分别在各个培养皿中倒入10mL表1所述的培养单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、荧光假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、红色沙雷氏菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、屎肠球菌、恶臭假单胞菌的相应的培养基做下层平板;
(2)凝固后用镊子将无菌牛津杯放置于平板上;
(3)分别向上述平板中,每皿倒入10mL含有指示菌的培养基做上层平板;含有指示菌的培养基为:每100mL相应培养基中加入1mL步骤1中制备的指示菌悬液;
(4)待培养基凝固后取出牛津杯,即形成孔洞。向每个孔洞中加入100μL步骤2制备的植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8发酵液,分别按照表1的培养条件培养12h,测量抑菌圈直径,结果如表3所示。
霉菌:
(1)分别在各个培养皿中倒入10mL MRS琼脂做下层平板,将100μL步骤1中制备的霉菌孢子悬液涂布于平板上;
(2)分别用镊子将无菌牛津杯放置于平板上;
(3)分别向每只牛津杯中加入200μL步骤2制备的植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum) D8发酵液,分别按照表1的培养条件培养48h,测量抑菌圈直径,结果如表3所示。
表3:Lactobacillus plantarum D8发酵液的广谱抑菌活性分析
Figure BDA0003674633320000091
Figure BDA0003674633320000101
结果显示:植物乳杆菌D8对多种革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌及霉菌均具有抑制效果。其中对革兰氏阴性菌及部分霉菌如米曲霉、指状青霉具有较强的抑制作用,所产生的抑菌圈均在17mm以上;对革兰氏阳性菌也具有较好的抑菌效果,产生的抑菌圈可到达15mm以上;对可产生毒素的霉菌如黑曲霉、黄曲霉、杂色曲霉及链格孢霉同样具有一定的抑制作用,但效果相对其他指示菌较差。
对比例1:
具体实施方式同实施例3,区别在于,调整植物乳杆菌为:植物乳杆菌1-3、植物乳杆菌 3-9,结果如表4所示:
表4:植物乳杆菌1-3、3-9发酵液的抑菌活性
Figure BDA0003674633320000102
Figure BDA0003674633320000111
结果显示:尽管植物乳杆菌1-3及植物乳杆菌3-9也对上述指示菌有抑制效果。但其抑菌效果相对植物乳杆菌D8较差。
实施例4:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的应用
具体步骤如下:
植物乳杆菌D8可用于制备菌粉,菌粉的具体制备过程如下:
将植物乳杆菌D8在MRS固体培养基上划线进行活化,37℃培养24h,得到单菌落,连续活化两代;挑取单菌落接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养12h,得到种子液;将种子液按1%(v/v)的接种量接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养24h,得到菌液;将菌液在4℃条件下6000rpm离心15min,得到菌泥;用0.9%生理盐水清洗菌泥3次,加入保护剂重悬,调整菌悬液浓度至1×1010CFU/mL;将菌悬液在37℃下预培养1h后冻干,得到植物乳杆菌 D8菌粉;
其中,MRS培养基的制备方法为:称取蛋白胨10.0g,牛肉浸粉8.0g,酵母浸粉4.0g,葡萄糖20.0g,磷酸氢二钾2.0g,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g,乙酸钠5.0g,硫酸镁0.2g,硫酸锰0.04g,吐温-80 1.0g,加去离子水定容至1L;
保护剂的成分包含:奶粉20%,海藻糖10%,甘油2%,低聚木糖5%。
实施例5:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的应用
植物乳杆菌D8可用于制备发酵果汁,具体制备过程如下:
将植物乳杆菌D8在MRS固体培养基上划线进行活化,37℃培养24h,得到单菌落,连续活化两代;挑取单菌落接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养12h,得到种子液;将种子液按1%(v/v)的接种量接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养24h,得到菌液;将菌液在4℃条件下6000rpm离心15min,得到菌泥;用0.9%生理盐水清洗菌泥3次,加入保护剂重悬,调整菌悬液浓度至1×1010CFU/mL;将菌悬液在37℃下预培养1h后冻干,得到植物乳杆菌 D8菌粉;
其中,MRS培养基的制备方法为:称取蛋白胨10.0g,牛肉浸粉8.0g,酵母浸粉4.0g,葡萄糖20.0g,磷酸氢二钾2.0g,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g,乙酸钠5.0g,硫酸镁0.2g,硫酸锰0.04g,吐温-80 1.0g,加去离子水定容至1L;
保护剂的成分包含:奶粉20%,海藻糖10%,甘油2%,低聚木糖5%。
将成熟、新鲜水果洗净后打浆制汁,过滤除去沉淀;将去除沉淀后的果汁加热至90-95℃进行瞬时灭菌;将杀菌后的果汁降温至30-35℃后添加植物乳杆菌D8菌粉(浓度为不低于 1×106CFU/mL)及其他发酵菌株,发酵得到发酵果汁。
实施例6:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的应用
植物乳杆菌D8可用于制备酸奶,具体制备过程如下:
将植物乳杆菌D8在MRS固体培养基上划线进行活化,37℃培养24h,得到单菌落,连续活化两代;挑取单菌落接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养12h,得到种子液;将种子液按1%(v/v)的接种量接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养24h,得到菌液;将菌液在4℃条件下6000rpm离心15min,得到菌泥;用0.9%生理盐水清洗菌泥3次,加入保护剂重悬,调整菌悬液浓度至1×1010CFU/mL;将菌悬液在37℃下预培养1h后冻干,得到植物乳杆菌 D8菌粉;
其中,MRS培养基的制备方法为:称取蛋白胨10.0g,牛肉浸粉8.0g,酵母浸粉4.0g,葡萄糖20.0g,磷酸氢二钾2.0g,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g,乙酸钠5.0g,硫酸镁0.2g,硫酸锰0.04g,吐温-80 1.0g,加去离子水定容至1L;
保护剂的成分包含:奶粉20%,海藻糖10%,甘油2%,低聚木糖5%。
将植物乳杆菌D8菌粉与商业干粉发酵剂保加利亚乳杆菌和商业干粉发酵剂嗜热链球菌按照质量比1:1:1的比例混合,得到发酵剂;将糖按照添加量50g/L添加至鲜奶中,而后采用巴氏消毒法灭菌,得到发酵原料;将发酵原料降温至35℃后以2-3%(v/v)的接种量将发酵剂接种至发酵原料中,于35℃下保温发酵24h,得到酸奶;将酸奶在室温下冷却,然后转移至2-6℃下冷藏过夜,得到发酵乳成品。
实施例7:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)D8的应用
植物乳杆菌D8可用于制备发酵香肠,具体制备过程如下:
将植物乳杆菌D8在MRS固体培养基上划线进行活化,37℃培养24h,得到单菌落,连续活化两代;挑取单菌落接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养12h,得到种子液;将种子液按1%(v/v)的接种量接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养24h,得到菌液;将菌液在4℃条件下6000rpm离心15min,得到菌泥;用0.9%生理盐水清洗菌泥3次,加入保护剂重悬,调整菌悬液浓度至1×1010CFU/mL;将菌悬液在37℃下预培养1h后冻干,得到植物乳杆菌 D8菌粉;
其中,MRS培养基的制备方法为:称取蛋白胨10.0g,牛肉浸粉8.0g,酵母浸粉4.0g,葡萄糖20.0g,磷酸氢二钾2.0g,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g,乙酸钠5.0g,硫酸镁0.2g,硫酸锰0.04g,吐温-80 1.0g,加去离子水定容至1L;
保护剂的成分包含:奶粉20%,海藻糖10%,甘油2%,低聚木糖5%。
将原料肉绞碎搅拌制馅,将植物乳杆菌D8菌粉按接种量2%(g/g)接种于肉馅中,搅拌均匀,加入辅料低温腌制2-3d,将腌制好的肉馅灌装入肠衣中,置于32-35℃,相对湿度为 80-85%的发酵室内发酵20-24h,将发酵后的肠体55-60℃下烘烤8-10h。取出后挂于稍干燥的温度为10℃储藏室内,待冷却后,用塑料袋真空包装即为成品。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 江南大学
<120> 一株可广谱抑制食品腐败菌的乳酸菌及其应用
<130> BAA220490A
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 1472
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 1
caaattgggg gtgcctatac tgcaagtcga acgaactctg gtattgattg gtgcttgcat 60
catgatttac atttgagtga gtggcgaact ggtgagtaac acgtgggaaa cctgcccaga 120
agcgggggat aacacctgga aacagatgct aataccgcat aacaacttgg accgcatggt 180
ccgagtttga aagatggctt cggctatcac ttttggatgg tcccgcggcg tattagctag 240
atggtgaggt aacggctcac catggcaatg atacgtagcc gacctgagag ggtaatcggc 300
cacattggga ctgagacacg gcccaaactc ctacgggagg cagcagtagg gaatcttcca 360
caatggacga aagtctgatg gagcaacgcc gcgtgagtga agaagggttt cggctcgtaa 420
aactctgttg ttaaagaaga acatatctga gagtaactgt tcaggtattg acggtattta 480
accagaaagc cacggctaac tacgtgccag cagccgcggt aatacgtagg tggcaagcgt 540
tgtccggatt tattgggcgt aaagcgagcg caggcggttt tttaagtctg atgtgaaagc 600
cttcggctca accgaagaag tgcatcggaa actgggaaac ttgagtgcag aagaggacag 660
tggaactcca tgtgtagcgg tgaaatgcgt agatatatgg aagaacacca gtggcgaagg 720
cggctgtctg gtctgtaact gacgctgagg ctcgaaagta tgggtagcaa acaggattag 780
ataccctggt agtccatacc gtaaacgatg aatgctaagt gttggagggt ttccgccctt 840
cagtgctgca gctaacgcat taagcattcc gcctggggag tacggccgca aggctgaaac 900
tcaaaggaat tgacgggggc ccgcacaagc ggtggagcat gtggtttaat tcgaagctac 960
gcgaagaacc ttaccaggtc ttgacatact atgcaaatct aagagattag acgttccctt 1020
cggggacatg gatacaggtg gtgcatggtt gtcgtcagct cgtgtcgtga gatgttgggt 1080
taagtcccgc aacgagcgca acccttatta tcagttgcca gcattaagtt gggcactctg 1140
gtgagactgc cggtgacaaa ccggaggaag gtggggatga cgtcaaatca tcatgcccct 1200
tatgacctgg gctacacacg tgctacaatg gatggtacaa cgagttgcga actcgcgaga 1260
gtaagctaat ctcttaaagc cattctcagt tcggattgta ggctgcaact cgcctacatg 1320
aagtcggaat cgctagtaat cgcggatcag catgccgcgg tgaatacgtt cccgggcctt 1380
gtacacaccg cccgtcacac catgagagtt tgtaacaccc aaagtcggtg gggtaacctt 1440
ttaggaacca gccgcctaag tgacaagagt tg 1472

Claims (10)

1.一株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),其特征在于,所述植物乳杆菌保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏日期为:2022年04月01日,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62351。
2.一种微生物菌剂,其特征在于,所述微生物菌剂中含有权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌或其培养液,或其冻干粉,或其裂解物。
3.如权利要求2所述的微生物菌剂,其特征在于,所述微生物菌剂中,植物乳杆菌的含量至少为:1×106CFU/mL。
4.一种产品,其特征在于,所述产品中含有权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌或权利要求2或3所述的微生物菌剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品中,植物乳杆菌的含量至少为:1×106CFU/mL。
6.如权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品为:食品、保健品或化学品。
7.如权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述食品为保健食品;或所述食品为使用含有权利要求1所述植物乳杆菌的发酵剂生产得到的乳制品、豆制品或果蔬制品;或所述食品为含有权利要求1所述植物乳杆菌的饮料或零食。
8.权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌,或权利要求2所述的微生物菌剂,或含有权利要求1所述植物乳杆菌的化学品在抑制环境中食品腐败菌及致病菌中的应用,其特征在于,所述环境为非生物体内的环境。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述食品腐败菌及致病菌包括但不限于:单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)、副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、红色沙雷氏菌(Serratia rubidaea)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)、链格孢霉(Alternaria sp.)、指状青霉(Penicilliumdigitatum)。
10.权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌,或权利要求2所述的微生物菌剂在制备抑菌产品中的应用。
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