CN115093077B - Floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment - Google Patents
Floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115093077B CN115093077B CN202210747068.0A CN202210747068A CN115093077B CN 115093077 B CN115093077 B CN 115093077B CN 202210747068 A CN202210747068 A CN 202210747068A CN 115093077 B CN115093077 B CN 115093077B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4631—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
- B01D24/4652—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air by using gasbumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower or fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment, which comprises a ship body, wherein the ship body is internally provided with: the water inlet system comprises a water pumping assembly, a coarse filtration mechanism and an aeration mechanism; the coarse filtration mechanism is communicated with the aeration mechanism, a filtration assembly is arranged in the coarse filtration mechanism, and the water pumping assembly is used for pumping water into the coarse filtration mechanism; the aeration system comprises a power generation and storage mechanism and an aeration pressurizing mechanism; the aeration pressurizing mechanism is used for circularly aerating the aeration mechanism at intervals between the filtering component and the check valve; the wetland system is internally provided with a plurality of matrix layers, and wetland plants are planted on the matrix layers; the matrix in the matrix layer comprises magnesium salt and biochar. The invention not only can effectively improve the water quality, reduce the eutrophication degree of the water body and improve the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, but also can recycle the wetland substrate as a slow-release fertilizer, and the later recycling of the substrate and wetland plants can produce economic benefit, thereby reducing the cost and the resource consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water ecological environment treatment, in particular to a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment.
Background
The existing sewage treatment methods comprise a floating wetland treatment method, a solar aeration treatment method, an organism treatment method, a struvite treatment method, a solar aeration treatment method and the like. Floating wetland, also called ecological floating bed, has been used as a novel artificial wetland model for treating eutrophic sewage. The whole wetland system is operated on the polluted water surface by utilizing the floating body, and pollutants in the polluted water are removed through the combined action of plants, matrixes and microorganisms. The floating wetland technology has the characteristics of low construction and operation cost, simple and convenient operation and strong adaptability, can be used for in-situ restoration of polluted water bodies, and is widely applied to water pollution treatment of lakes and river channels at present. Solar aeration: research has shown that the improvement of the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body of the floating wetland is beneficial to the removal of pollutants, and the aeration needs energy consumption, so that the solar energy is convenient and easy to obtain, safe and pollution-free, and is widely applied in the energy industry. The Chinese patent with the application number of CN204918305U discloses a solar aeration wetland sewage treatment device convenient to maintain, which applies solar aeration to the aspect of the wetland, but the structure is also applicable to the land, and the proportion of matrixes is not recorded. The biochar is a fine-grained and porous carbon material formed by high-temperature pyrolysis (< 700 ℃) of biomass with rich carbon content under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, has the characteristics of high cation exchange capacity, large specific surface area, multiple functional groups on the surface and the like, has stronger adsorption performance and biodegradability, and has been widely applied to carbon fixation and emission reduction, water quality purification, heavy metal adsorption, soil improvement and the like. The struvite principle has certain research and application in the prior treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage. James et al find that guanite crystals exist on the surface of the magnesium salt modified biochar after adsorption in the application research of magnesium salt modified biomass charcoal in the nitrogen and phosphorus recycling of wastewater, namely, the aim of co-recycling nitrogen and phosphorus is achieved by combining magnesium ions with ammonium ions and phosphate ions.
The following problems exist in the prior art: 1. the operation mode of the floating wetland is basically based on horizontal surface flow, and the purification efficiency of pollutants in the water body is general. 2. The improvement of the floating wetland at present is more in terms of the selection of floating plate materials, plant preference and matrix materials, and the form is single. 3. The existing solar aeration device has the defects of complex structure, huge size, difficult application to in-situ restoration of river and lake water bodies and higher cost. 4. The water purifying capacity of the vertical flow constructed wetland is undoubted, but the blocking problem of the vertical flow constructed wetland exists throughout the year. For the wetland which has long-term operation, the water treatment efficiency is reduced, and maintenance can be performed by replacing plants and matrixes, but for the replaced matrixes and plants, the treatment method is less, and resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment, which aims to solve or improve at least one of the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment, which comprises a ship body, wherein an air cushion is arranged outside the ship body, and the ship body is internally provided with:
the water inlet system comprises a water pumping assembly, a coarse filtration mechanism and an aeration mechanism; the bottom of the rough filtering mechanism is communicated with the aeration mechanism through a check valve, a filtering component is arranged in the rough filtering mechanism, and the water pumping component is used for pumping water into the rough filtering mechanism;
the aeration system comprises a power generation and storage mechanism and an aeration pressurizing mechanism; the power generation and storage mechanism is electrically connected with the aeration and pressurization mechanism and the water pumping assembly, and the aeration and pressurization mechanism is used for circularly spacing aeration to the aeration mechanism, the filtering assembly and the check valve;
the wetland system is internally provided with a plurality of matrix layers, a water distribution pipe assembly is arranged between the bottom of the wetland system and the plurality of matrix layers, the water distribution pipe assembly is communicated with the aeration mechanism, and wetland plants are planted on the matrix layers; the matrix in the matrix layer comprises magnesium salt and biochar.
Preferably, the wetland system comprises a wetland pool, wherein the substrate layer is provided with three layers, and the three substrate layers are respectively a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer and a third substrate layer which are sequentially paved in the wetland pool from top to bottom; the water distribution pipe assembly is positioned between the third matrix layer and the bottom wall of the wetland tank;
the first substrate layer comprises sand, biochar and magnesium salt; the second substrate layer comprises vermiculite, biochar and magnesium salt; the third matrix layer includes waste bricks.
Preferably, the rough filtering mechanism comprises a rough filtering tank arranged in the ship body, and the bottom of the rough filtering tank is provided with the check valve; the top of the coarse filter tank is provided with a net cover; the top of the rough filter tank is provided with a back flushing water outlet communicated with the outside of the ship body, the filtering component is arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the rough filter tank, and a sponge filler is filled between the filtering component and the net cover; the water pumping assembly is used for pumping water into the space between the net cover and the sponge filler.
Preferably, the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration tank arranged in the ship body, the aeration tank is positioned at the bottom of the rough filter tank and is communicated with the aeration tank through the check valve; the bottom of the aeration tank is fixedly connected with the water distribution pipe assembly through a pipeline.
Preferably, the power generation and storage mechanism includes:
the solar photovoltaic panel is positioned above the ship body and is mounted on the ship body through a support frame;
the power supply assembly comprises a storage battery and an inverter; the storage battery and the inverter are both hermetically arranged in the ship body; the solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the charging end of the storage battery through the electric quantity monitoring unit, and the output end of the storage battery is electrically connected with the aeration pressurizing mechanism and the pumping assembly through the inverter.
Preferably, the aeration pressurizing mechanism includes:
the aeration pump is arranged in the ship body, and the air inlet end of the aeration pump stretches into the air; the aeration pump is electrically connected with the storage battery through the inverter;
the two aeration discs are respectively arranged in the aeration tank, between the check valve and the filtering component, and are respectively fixedly connected with an aeration pipeline;
the timing switch is electrically connected with the aeration pump, and is respectively connected with the two aeration pipelines and used for alternately opening the two aeration pipelines at intervals.
Preferably, the water distribution pipe assembly comprises:
the water distribution pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the pipeline;
the branch pipes are fixedly connected to one end of the water distribution pipe at equal intervals and are communicated with the water distribution pipe, a plurality of rows of water distribution holes are formed in the branch pipes, and the water distribution holes are staggered.
Preferably, the filter assembly comprises a filter layer arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the coarse filter tank, and the aeration disc is arranged between the filter layer and the check valve.
Preferably, the water pumping assembly comprises a water pumping pump which is arranged in the ship body in a sealing way, two ends of the water pumping pump are fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively, the tail end of the water inlet pipe extends out of the bottom wall of the ship body, a filter screen is arranged in the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe extends into the space between the mesh enclosure and the sponge filler; the water suction pump is electrically connected with the storage battery through the inverter, and a timer is arranged on the water suction pump.
Preferably, the top of the wetland tank is provided with an overflow weir communicated with the outside of the ship body.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the matrix in the matrix layer in the wetland system comprises the magnesium salt and the biochar, so that the matrix composition of the wetland is enriched, and after the matrix layer fully absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, struvite can be generated under the action of the biochar and the magnesium salt, so that the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is effectively improved, the wetland matrix can be recycled as a slow-release fertilizer, economic benefits can be generated due to the matrix and the later recycling of wetland plants, the materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the cost and the resource consumption are reduced.
The invention increases the dissolved oxygen in the water body by using the aeration pressurizing mechanism, and improves the purifying efficiency; the aeration pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the water body of the aeration mechanism, and is discharged to the bottom of the matrix layer through the water distribution pipe assembly under the action of water pressure to pressurize the water inlet of the wetland system, so that the blockage problem of the wetland system is effectively relieved; the aeration pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the aeration between the filtering component and the non-return valve in the rough filtering mechanism, so that the back flushing function of the rough filtering mechanism and the filtering component can be realized, the consumption of consumable materials is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the invention can generate electricity through the electricity generation and storage mechanism, and reduces the running cost of the device.
According to the invention, the water body is pumped into the rough filtering mechanism through the water pumping assembly, filtered and filtered by the filtering assembly and discharged into the aeration mechanism along the check valve, and the water flows through the water distribution pipe assembly and the plurality of matrix layers from bottom to top under the action of water pressure and passes through the wetland system, wherein the water inlet mode is vertical flow, so that the contact area of the water body and the matrix layers is improved, the utilization rate of the matrix layers and the purification efficiency of the wetland system are improved, the whole structure of the wetland system is compact, the volume is smaller, and the wetland system is convenient to place and recover; after nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body are removed through a plurality of matrix layers, the water body seeps out of the surface of the wetland system and finally is discharged out of the ship body.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake remediation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water distribution pipe assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the opening of water distribution holes in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
1, a solar photovoltaic panel; 2. a support frame; 3. a water inlet pipe; 4. a water pump; 5. a water outlet pipe; 6. a coarse filter tank; 7. a sponge filler; 8. a filter layer; 9. an aeration disc; 10. a non-return valve; 11. an aeration tank; 12. an aeration pump; 13. a power supply assembly; 14. a water distribution pipe assembly; 141. a water distribution pipe; 142. a branch pipe; 143. a water distribution hole; 15. a third substrate layer; 16. a second substrate layer; 17. a first substrate layer; 18. a wetland plant; 19. an overflow weir; 20. back flushing the water outlet; 21. a hull; 22. and an aeration pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a floating wetland water treatment device for river and lake treatment, which comprises a hull 21, wherein an air cushion is arranged outside the hull 21, the whole device is of a ship structure, and the air cushion is additionally arranged to enhance buoyancy, so that the floating wetland water treatment device is more convenient to float in a water body, and the use of floating materials is saved; the hull 21 is provided with:
the water inlet system comprises a water pumping assembly, a coarse filtration mechanism and an aeration mechanism; the bottom of the rough filtering mechanism is communicated with the aeration mechanism through a check valve 10, a filtering component is arranged in the rough filtering mechanism, and a water pumping component is used for pumping water into the rough filtering mechanism;
the aeration system comprises a power generation and storage mechanism and an aeration pressurizing mechanism; the power generation and storage mechanism is electrically connected with the aeration and pressurization mechanism and the water pumping assembly, and the aeration and pressurization mechanism is used for circularly and alternately aerating the aeration mechanism, the filtering assembly and the check valve 10; the aeration pressurizing mechanism is utilized to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body, so that the purification efficiency is improved; the aeration pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the water body of the aeration mechanism, and is discharged to the bottom of the matrix layer through the water distribution pipe assembly 14 under the action of water pressure to pressurize the water inlet of the wetland system, so that the blockage problem of the wetland system is effectively relieved; the aeration pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the air between the filtering component in the rough filtering mechanism and the check valve 10, so that the back flushing function of the rough filtering mechanism and the filtering component can be realized, the consumption of consumable materials is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the invention can generate electricity through the electricity generation and storage mechanism, and reduces the running cost of the device.
The wetland system is internally provided with a plurality of matrix layers, a water distribution pipe assembly 14 is arranged between the bottom of the wetland system and the matrix layers, the water distribution pipe assembly 14 is communicated with the aeration mechanism, and wetland plants 18 are planted on the matrix layers; the matrix in the matrix layer comprises magnesium salt and biochar; in the embodiment, the wetland plants are canna, the local gas candidates can be combined for planting in different areas, and for plant selection, the selection of the water-loving plants capable of being used as silage is also suggested, and the plants can be recovered when the substrate is recovered, so that the cost is further reduced;
the matrix in the matrix layers in the wetland system comprises the magnesium salt and the biochar, so that the matrix composition of the wetland is enriched, and after the matrix layers fully absorb nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, struvite can be generated under the action of the biochar and the magnesium salt; simultaneously, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect of the water body is effectively improved, the water quality is effectively improved, and the eutrophication degree of the water body is reduced; according to the invention, the water body is pumped into the rough filtering mechanism through the water pumping assembly, filtered and filtered by the filtering assembly, and then discharged into the aeration mechanism along the check valve 10, and water flows through the water distribution pipe assembly 14 and the plurality of matrix layers from bottom to top under the action of water pressure to pass through the wetland system, wherein the water inlet mode is vertical flow, so that the contact area of the water body and the matrix layers is improved, the utilization rate of the matrix layers and the purification efficiency of the wetland system are improved, and the overall structure of the wetland system is compact, small in volume and convenient to place and recover; after nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body are removed through a plurality of matrix layers, the water body seeps out of the surface of the wetland system and finally is discharged out of the ship body 21.
The wetland system comprises a wetland pool, wherein three matrix layers are arranged, and each matrix layer is a first matrix layer 17, a second matrix layer 16 and a third matrix layer 15 which are sequentially paved in the wetland pool from top to bottom; the water distribution pipe assembly 14 is positioned between the third matrix layer 15 and the bottom wall of the wetland tank;
the first matrix layer 17 comprises sand, biochar, magnesium salts; the second substrate layer 16 comprises vermiculite, biochar, magnesium salts; the third matrix layer 15 comprises waste bricks; the type of magnesium salt can be set according to the specific use environment, and in this embodiment, the magnesium salt is magnesium oxide, and the magnesium oxide can obtain better effect as a magnesium source. The invention comprehensively considers that the evolution efficiency of the wetland is improved to the greatest extent when the addition amount of the magnesium oxide in the matrix is about 1.6g/L in practical application.
The invention selects the matrix proportion as follows:
first substrate layer 17: 900ml of sand, 60g of biochar and 1.2g of magnesia;
second substrate layer 16: 900ml of vermiculite, 60g of biochar and 1.2g of magnesia;
third substrate layer 15: paving a layer of waste bricks.
Further optimizing scheme, the rough filtering mechanism comprises a rough filtering tank 6 arranged in a ship body 21, and a check valve 10 is arranged at the bottom of the rough filtering tank 6; the top of the coarse filter tank 6 is provided with a net cover; the top of the coarse filter tank 6 is provided with a back flushing water outlet 20 communicated with the outside of the ship body 21, a filter assembly is arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the coarse filter tank 6, and a sponge filler 7 is filled between the filter assembly and the net cover; the water pumping assembly is used for pumping water into the space between the net cover and the sponge filler 7; in the embodiment, the rough filter 6 is in a funnel shape as a whole, and a check valve 10 is arranged at the bottom opening; the net cover can prevent the sponge filler 7 from drifting, and the sponge filler 7 adopts scattered blocky sponge to filter the coarse filter tank 6.
Further optimizing scheme, the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration tank 11 arranged in a ship body 21, wherein the aeration tank 11 is positioned at the bottom of the rough filter 6 and is communicated with the aeration tank 11 through a check valve 10; the bottom of the aeration tank 11 is fixedly connected with a water distribution pipe assembly 14 through a pipeline; so set up, the water flows into aeration tank 11 through check valve 10 after the filtering of sponge packing 7, filter unit, under the circumstances that aeration tank 11 is sealed relatively, the water outlet only has the water distribution pipe subassembly 14 that gets into wetland system, in aeration tank 11 can be beaten into to the air in the aeration tank 11 to aeration pressurization mechanism, aeration tank 11 atmospheric pressure rises, the check valve 10 of coarse filtration pond 6 can be closed because of atmospheric pressure, thereby the water after the aeration can be by atmospheric pressure "into water distribution pipe subassembly 14, and the bottom of entering wetland system realizes the aeration pressurization water supply to wetland system.
Further, the power generation and storage mechanism includes:
the solar photovoltaic panel 1, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is located above the ship body 21, and the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is installed on the ship body 21 through the support frame 2;
a power supply unit 13 including a battery and an inverter; the storage battery and the inverter are hermetically arranged in the ship body 21; the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is electrically connected with the charging end of the storage battery through the electric quantity monitoring unit, and the output end of the storage battery is electrically connected with the aeration pressurizing mechanism and the pumping assembly through the inverter; the electric quantity monitoring unit is used for protecting the battery, when the electric quantity of the storage battery reaches 100%, the electric quantity monitoring unit can block the connection between the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and the storage battery so as to prevent the battery from being damaged by overcharge, and when the electric quantity of the battery is lower than 20%, the battery is connected again so as to charge the storage battery; the device is arranged in such a way that the electric energy stored in the storage battery provides stable alternating current (generally 220V,50Hz sine wave) for the aeration pressurizing mechanism and the pumping assembly through the inverter, and the device utilizes solar energy to generate power and supplies power for equipment in the device, is clean and pollution-free, and reduces the running cost of the equipment.
Further optimizing scheme, aeration pressurization mechanism includes:
an aeration pump 12 installed in the hull 21 with an air intake end extending into the air; the aeration pump 12 is electrically connected with the storage battery through an inverter; the invention utilizes the principle of communicating vessels and the aeration pump 12 to pressurize and aerate;
the two aeration discs 9 are respectively arranged at the bottom in the aeration tank 11, between the check valve 10 and the filtering component, and the two aeration discs 9 are respectively fixedly connected with an aeration pipeline 22;
the timing switch is electrically connected with the aeration pump 12 and is provided with two aeration ports A/B, and the aeration ports A and B are respectively connected with two aeration pipelines 22 and are used for alternately opening the two aeration pipelines 22 at intervals; the aeration pump 12 is started for 24 hours; the time interval can be set according to a specific use environment, and in this embodiment, the time interval is two hours; an aeration disc 9 arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank 11 is a disc-row aeration disc and is connected with an aeration port B; an aeration disc 9 arranged between the check valve 10 and the filtering component is a rectangular aeration disc and is connected with the aeration port A; the timing switch controls the aeration openings A/B to be alternately opened at intervals of two hours, when the aeration openings A are communicated, the back flushing effect is achieved on the filter assembly, and meanwhile, the water body is not blocked from entering the aeration tank 11;
the aeration pump 12 is arranged in the rough filter tank 6 through the aeration opening A and the corresponding aeration disc 9, the aeration disc 9 is positioned between the check valve 10 and the filter assembly, and can backwash the filter assembly and the sponge filler 7 in the rough filter tank 6, so that the filter assembly is prevented from being blocked, and the filtering effect of the filter assembly and the sponge filler 7 is improved; the aeration pump 12 aerates and aerates the aeration tank 11 through the aeration port B and the corresponding aeration disk 9, water in the aeration tank 11 enters the wetland from the bottom of the vertical flow wetland system through the water distribution pipe assembly 14 after pressurization, and the water distribution pipe assembly has certain pressure, can form a back flushing effect, and can relieve the blockage problem of the vertical flow wetland.
Further preferably, the water distribution pipe assembly 14 includes:
the water distribution pipe 141 is fixedly connected and communicated with the pipeline;
the branch pipes 142 are fixedly connected to one end of the water distribution pipe 141 at equal intervals, and are communicated with the water distribution pipe 141, the branch pipes 142 are provided with a plurality of rows of water distribution holes 143, and the water distribution holes 143 are staggered; referring to fig. 2-3, in this embodiment, the water distribution holes 143 are in 4 rows (the number can be set according to the specific use environment) on the branch pipe 142; the water distribution holes 143 are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical line of the branch pipe 142.
In a further optimized scheme, the filter assembly comprises a filter layer 8 arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the coarse filter tank 6, and an aeration disc 9 is arranged between the filter layer 8 and a check valve 10; the filter element type of the filter layer 8 may be set according to a specific use environment, for example, may be a full-sponge filter element, a sand core, or the like, and is used for filtering fine particles such as sand in a water body, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment.
Further optimizing scheme, the water pumping assembly comprises a water pump 4 which is arranged in the hull 21 in a sealing way, two ends of the water pump 4 are fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe 3 and a water outlet pipe 5 respectively, the tail end of the water inlet pipe 3 extends out of the bottom wall of the hull 21, a filter screen is arranged in the water inlet pipe 3, and the water outlet pipe 5 extends between the mesh enclosure and the sponge filler 7; the water pump 4 is electrically connected with the storage battery through an inverter, and a timer is arranged on the water pump 4; in the embodiment, the filter screen is a 4mm caliber filter screen and is used for filtering sundries such as branches, leaves and the like with larger volume in the water body; the timer stops for 1 minute per hour, so that the large-volume impurities on the surface of the filter screen can naturally fall off; the back flushing of the filter screen is performed at regular time through a timing mechanical means, so that the cost is saved and the working efficiency is improved.
Further optimizing scheme, the top of the wetland pool is communicated with an overflow weir 19 outside the ship body 21; the overflow weir 19 is a structure for overflowing the liquid on the ship body 21, and has the functions of maintaining the upper liquid layer and uniformly overflowing the liquid; the type and shape of the overflow weir 19 can be set according to specific use environments, for example, the overflow weir 19 can be a triangular weir, a trapezoidal weir, a rectangular weir and the like, and in the embodiment, the overflow weir 19 is a trapezoidal weir, is suitable for the condition of large water quantity, and has a relatively fixed structural size; the water in the wetland system is pressurized by aeration, the liquid level finally rises to be higher than the external horizontal plane, and then returns to the external water through the overflow weir 19 to finish water purification and backflow.
Working principle:
according to the invention, a water suction pump 4 pumps polluted water into a coarse filter tank 6 along a water inlet pipe 3 and a water outlet pipe 5, after preliminary adsorption and filtration of a sponge filler 7, fine particles are filtered through a filter layer 8 under the action of gravity, and then enter an aeration tank 11 through a check valve 10, when an aeration pump 12 operates, the coarse filter tank 6 is influenced by the aeration pump 12 to form a back flushing effect, and the sponge filler 7 and the filter layer 8 of the coarse filter tank 6 are flushed; the aeration tank 11 is pressurized up under the aeration effect, and the check valve 10 is closed under the air pressure effect; at the moment, in the coarse filter tank 6, the aeration back flushing is not stopped while water inflow, so that the back flushing water of the coarse filter tank 6 flows out from the back flushing water outlet 20 and takes away part of back flushing sundries;
the aerated water in the aeration tank 11 is pressed into the wetland water distribution pipe assembly 14 under the action of air pressure and enters the wetland system, and is further purified from bottom to top through the third matrix layer 15, the second matrix layer 16 and the first matrix layer 17, and the purified water oozes out of the surface of the wetland, and the pressure is provided by the aeration tank 11, so that the water oozes out of the surface of the wetland, the final liquid level is higher, and the water can conveniently return to the external water through the overflow weir 19.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a river lake is administered floats wetland water treatment facilities, includes hull (21), install the air cushion, its characterized in that outside hull (21): the hull (21) is internally provided with:
the water inlet system comprises a water pumping assembly, a coarse filtration mechanism and an aeration mechanism; the bottom of the rough filtering mechanism is communicated with the aeration mechanism through a check valve (10), a filtering component is arranged in the rough filtering mechanism, and the water pumping component is used for pumping water into the rough filtering mechanism;
the aeration system comprises a power generation and storage mechanism and an aeration pressurizing mechanism; the power generation and storage mechanism is electrically connected with the aeration and pressurization mechanism and the water pumping assembly, and the aeration and pressurization mechanism is used for circularly aerating the aeration mechanism at intervals between the filtering assembly and the check valve (10);
the wetland system is internally provided with a plurality of matrix layers, a water distribution pipe assembly (14) is arranged between the bottom of the wetland system and the plurality of matrix layers, the water distribution pipe assembly (14) is communicated with the aeration mechanism, and wetland plants (18) are planted on the matrix layers; the matrix in the matrix layer comprises magnesium salt and biochar;
the rough filtering mechanism comprises a rough filtering tank (6) arranged in the ship body (21), and the check valve (10) is arranged at the bottom of the rough filtering tank (6); the top of the coarse filter tank (6) is provided with a net cover; the top of the rough filter (6) is provided with a back flushing water outlet (20) communicated with the outside of the ship body (21), the filtering component is arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the rough filter (6), and a sponge filler (7) is filled between the filtering component and the net cover; the water pumping assembly is used for pumping water into the space between the net cover and the sponge filler (7);
the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration tank (11) arranged in the ship body (21), wherein the aeration tank (11) is positioned at the bottom of the rough filter tank (6) and is communicated with the aeration tank (11) through the check valve (10); the bottom of the aeration tank (11) is fixedly connected with the water distribution pipe assembly (14) through a pipeline;
the power generation and storage mechanism includes:
a solar photovoltaic panel (1), wherein the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is positioned above the ship body (21), and the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is installed on the ship body (21) through a support frame (2);
a power supply module (13) including a battery and an inverter; the storage battery and the inverter are hermetically arranged in the ship body (21); the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is electrically connected with the charging end of the storage battery through the electric quantity monitoring unit, and the output end of the storage battery is electrically connected with the aeration pressurizing mechanism and the pumping assembly through the inverter;
the aeration pressurizing mechanism comprises:
an aeration pump (12) installed in the hull (21) with an air inlet end extending into the air; the aeration pump (12) is electrically connected with the storage battery through the inverter;
the two aeration discs (9), the two aeration discs (9) are respectively arranged in the aeration tank (11) and between the check valve (10) and the filter assembly, and the two aeration discs (9) are respectively fixedly connected with an aeration pipeline (22);
the timing switch is electrically connected with the aeration pump (12), is respectively connected with the two aeration pipelines (22) and is used for alternately opening the two aeration pipelines (22) at intervals; the wetland system comprises a wetland pool, wherein the substrate layer is provided with three layers, and the three substrate layers are respectively a first substrate layer (17), a second substrate layer (16) and a third substrate layer (15) which are sequentially paved in the wetland pool from top to bottom; the water distribution pipe assembly (14) is positioned between the third matrix layer (15) and the bottom wall of the wetland tank; the first substrate layer (17) comprises sand, biochar and magnesium salt, and the proportion is 900ml of sand, 60g of biochar and 1.2g of magnesium oxide; the second substrate layer (16) comprises vermiculite, biochar and magnesium salt, and the proportion is 900ml of vermiculite, 60g of biochar and 1.2g of magnesium oxide; the third matrix layer (15) comprises waste bricks; the wetland plant is canna.
2. The river and lake treated floating wetland water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the water distribution pipe assembly (14) comprises:
a water distribution pipe (141) fixedly connected and communicated with the pipeline;
the branch pipes (142) are fixedly connected to one end of the water distribution pipe (141) at equal intervals, and are communicated with the water distribution pipe (141), a plurality of rows of water distribution holes (143) are formed in the branch pipes (142), and the water distribution holes (143) are staggered.
3. The river and lake treated floating wetland water treatment device according to claim 2, wherein: the filter assembly comprises a filter layer (8) arranged at the middle lower part of the inner wall of the coarse filter tank (6), and an aeration disc (9) is arranged between the filter layer (8) and the check valve (10).
4. The river and lake treated floating wetland water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the water pumping assembly comprises a water pumping pump (4) which is hermetically arranged in the ship body (21), two ends of the water pumping pump (4) are fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe (3) and a water outlet pipe (5) respectively, the tail end of the water inlet pipe (3) extends out of the bottom wall of the ship body (21), a filter screen is arranged in the water inlet pipe (3), and the water outlet pipe (5) extends into the space between the mesh cover and the sponge filler (7); the water suction pump (4) is electrically connected with the storage battery through the inverter, and a timer is arranged on the water suction pump (4).
5. The river and lake treated floating wetland water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: and the top of the wetland pool is communicated with an overflow weir (19) outside the ship body (21).
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