CN115085145A - Direct current system and direct current breaker - Google Patents
Direct current system and direct current breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN115085145A CN115085145A CN202210734564.2A CN202210734564A CN115085145A CN 115085145 A CN115085145 A CN 115085145A CN 202210734564 A CN202210734564 A CN 202210734564A CN 115085145 A CN115085145 A CN 115085145A
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- direct current
- circuit breaker
- energy storage
- storage capacitor
- energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/04—Arrangements for preventing response to transient abnormal conditions, e.g. to lightning or to short duration over voltage or oscillations; Damping the influence of dc component by short circuits in ac networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
Abstract
The application discloses direct current system and direct current breaker, this direct current breaker includes: a partial pressure charging unit and a base unit; the partial pressure energy charging unit is connected with the basic unit and used for charging energy for the energy storage capacitor in the basic unit, the direct-current circuit breaker can store energy for the energy storage capacitor in advance through the partial pressure energy charging unit, energy release transfer current stored by the energy storage capacitor in advance is utilized in a separating brake link, arc extinguishing is realized by manufacturing an artificial zero crossing point, compared with the prior art, one set of equipment for charging the energy storage capacitor can be omitted by utilizing partial pressure energy storage in advance, the equipment volume is reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the insulation requirement is also reduced, the product insulation structure design is simplified, the overall reliability of the equipment is ensured, the partial pressure energy charging unit is a self energy charging mechanism for the energy storage capacitor, and the system direct-current voltage can automatically charge the energy storage capacitor without additional control equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a direct current system and a direct current breaker.
Background
At present, the direct current circuit breaker meeting the requirements of a direct current power grid is mainly a traditional mechanical direct current circuit breaker based on a conventional switch, a solid-state direct current circuit breaker based on a pure power electronic device and a hybrid direct current circuit breaker based on the combination of the traditional mechanical direct current circuit breaker and the solid-state direct current circuit breaker. The solid-state circuit breaker and the hybrid circuit breaker have high on-state loss in steady-state operation due to the fact that a large number of power electronic devices are used, and meanwhile have the defects of high cost, complex control and the like.
The inventor researches and discovers that the conventional mechanical direct current circuit breaker needs an additional charging power supply and a charging control device, and the auxiliary elements are directly connected with a main loop of the direct current circuit breaker, so that the insulation requirement needs to be considered, and the cost is increased and the reliability of the whole switch equipment is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, this application provides a direct current system and direct current circuit breaker to solve current scheme and need extra charging power supply and charge controlling means, these auxiliary component and direct current circuit breaker major loop are direct to be linked to each other, need consider insulating requirement, not only increase cost and lead to the problem that switchgear's holistic reliability is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the present application provides in a first aspect a dc circuit breaker, comprising: the device comprises a partial pressure energy charging unit and a basic unit; the voltage division energy charging unit is connected with the basic unit and used for charging energy of the energy storage capacitor in the basic unit.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the voltage dividing and energy charging unit includes: a first voltage dividing device and a second voltage dividing device; one end of the first voltage divider is connected with one end of the second voltage divider, a connection point is connected to a connection point of the energy storage capacitor and the transfer inductor in the basic unit, the other end of the first voltage divider is connected to one side of the direct current bus, and the other end of the second voltage divider is connected to the other side of the direct current bus.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider are both resistors.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider are both capacitors.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the base unit includes: the energy storage capacitor, the transfer inductor, the fast switch, the lightning arrester and the power electronic suite;
one end of the quick switch, the input end of the power electronic suite and one end of the lightning arrester are connected to one side of the direct-current bus, the output end of the power electronic suite is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the other end of the quick switch and the other end of the lightning arrester through the transfer inductor.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the base unit further includes: and the anode of the diode is connected to the cathode of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the connection point of one end of the quick switch, the input end of the power electronic suite and one end of the lightning arrester.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the power electronics kit includes: thyristors, IGBTs, IGCTs, IEGTs, and diodes.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the fast switch is a mechanical switch.
Optionally, in the above dc circuit breaker, the energy storage capacitor is a high-voltage capacitor.
A second aspect of the present application provides a dc system, comprising: a control and protection device and a direct current circuit breaker as disclosed in any one of the first aspect; the direct current circuit breaker is arranged on a direct current bus in the direct current system, and the control and protection device controls the direct current circuit breaker to execute an opening/closing action by issuing an opening/closing instruction.
The application provides a direct current breaker, include: the device comprises a partial pressure energy charging unit and a basic unit; the partial pressure energy charging unit is connected with the basic unit and used for charging energy for the energy storage capacitor in the basic unit, the direct-current circuit breaker can store energy for the energy storage capacitor in advance through the partial pressure energy charging unit, energy release transfer current stored by the energy storage capacitor in advance is utilized in a separating brake link, arc extinguishing is realized by manufacturing an artificial zero crossing point, compared with the prior art, one set of equipment for charging the energy storage capacitor can be omitted by utilizing partial pressure energy storage in advance, the equipment volume is reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the insulation requirement is also reduced, the product insulation structure design is simplified, the overall reliability of the equipment is ensured, the partial pressure energy charging unit is a self energy charging mechanism for the energy storage capacitor, and the system direct-current voltage can automatically charge the energy storage capacitor without additional control equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 to fig. 4 are schematic structural diagrams of three direct current circuit breakers provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 to 8 are circuit diagrams of four dc circuit breakers provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a current flow diagram of a dc circuit breaker before opening provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a current flow diagram of a post-trip dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a current flow diagram of a dc circuit breaker after a thyristor is turned on according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a current flow diagram of a dc circuit breaker when an arrester releases energy according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In this application, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
First, the dc circuit breaker is a switching device capable of closing, carrying, and opening/closing a dc operating current in a medium-voltage dc power transmission system, and closing, carrying, and opening/closing an abnormal circuit and a current under a condition (e.g., a short-circuit condition) within a predetermined time. A fast switch is a mechanical switch that can open within milliseconds and withstand the high voltage dc breaker transient opening voltage.
The embodiment of the application provides a direct current breaker to solve current scheme and need extra charging power supply and charge controlling means, these auxiliary component and direct current breaker major loop are direct to be linked to each other, need consider insulating requirement, not only increase cost and lead to the problem that switchgear is holistic reliability is low.
Referring to fig. 1, the dc circuit breaker mainly includes: a partial pressure charging unit 10 and a base unit 20; the voltage division energy charging unit 10 is connected with the base unit 20 and is used for charging an energy storage capacitor in the base unit 20.
In some embodiments, the partial pressure charging unit 10 may be as shown in fig. 2, and mainly includes: a first voltage-dividing element 11 and a second voltage-dividing element 12. One end of the first voltage divider 11 is connected to one end of the second voltage divider 12, the connection point is connected to the connection point of the energy storage capacitor and the transfer inductor in the base unit 20, the other end of the first voltage divider is connected to one side of the dc bus, and the other end of the second voltage divider 12 is connected to the other side of the dc bus.
Specifically, the first voltage divider 11 and the second voltage divider 12 may be both resistors, as shown in fig. 6, or both capacitors, as shown in fig. 5; of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and other existing voltage dividing devices may be used, and the specific types of the first voltage dividing device 11 and the second voltage dividing device 12 are not limited in this application, and are within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the device types of the first voltage divider 11 and the second voltage divider 12 may be determined according to the specific application environment and the user requirement, and may be the same or different.
It can be understood that the first voltage divider device and the second voltage divider device are connected in series and are commonly used for dividing the positive and negative voltages of the dc bus to charge the energy storage capacitor in the base unit 20.
In some embodiments, the base unit 20 may be as shown in fig. 3, and mainly includes: energy storage capacitor 22, transfer inductor 23, fast switch 24, lightning arrester 25 and power electronics package 21. Wherein, one end of the fast switch 24, the input end of the power electronic suite 21 and one end of the lightning arrester 25 are all connected to one side of the direct current bus, the output end of the power electronic suite 21 is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 22, and the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 22 is connected to the other end of the fast switch 24 and the other end of the lightning arrester 25 through the transfer inductor 23.
In practical applications, the energy storage capacitor 22 is generally a high voltage capacitor, but it is not limited thereto and may be determined according to specific application environments and user requirements and is within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the normal operation state of the dc circuit breaker, current flows through the fast switch 24 on the main branch, and the energy storage capacitor 22 is kept in the pre-charging state through the first voltage divider 11 and the second voltage divider 12 connected to the dc bus, at which time the power electronics suite 21 is in the off state, and no current flows through the transfer branch. In practical applications, the charging requirements of different energy storage capacitors 22 can be met by setting parameters of the first voltage divider 11 and the second voltage divider 12. Wherein the transfer branch is formed by other devices than the fast switch 24.
In practical applications, the fast switch 24 may be a mechanical switch (as shown in fig. 5 to 11), and the fast switch 24 may be controlled to perform corresponding actions by issuing an opening/closing command through the control and protection device. The power electronics suite 21 may be a thyristor (as shown in fig. 5 to fig. 12), an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), an IGCT (integrated Gate Commutated thyristor), an iegt (injection Enhanced Gate thyristor), and a diode, which are determined according to the specific application environment and the user requirement, and are all within the protection scope of the present application.
On the basis of fig. 3, in some embodiments, the base unit 20 may further include, as shown in fig. 4, 7 and 8: a diode 26, the anode of the diode 26 being connected to the cathode of the energy storage capacitor 22, and the cathode of the diode 26 being connected to the junction of one end of the fast switch 24, the input of the power electronics package 21, and one end of the lightning arrester 25.
In practical applications, the diode 26 is mainly used to satisfy the requirement of bidirectional current breaking of the dc circuit breaker, that is, when the breaking current is in the opposite direction, the diode 26 provides the superposed current in the opposite direction.
Based on the above principle, the dc circuit breaker that this embodiment provided includes: a partial pressure charging unit 10 and a base unit 20; wherein, partial pressure is filled energy unit 10 and is linked to each other with basic unit 20 for energy storage capacitor in to basic unit 20 fills the energy, the direct current circuit breaker that this application provided can fill energy unit 10 through partial pressure and carry out the energy storage for energy storage capacitor in advance, utilize energy storage capacitor to store good energy release transfer current in advance in the separating brake link, thereby it extinguishes to make artifical zero crossing point realization electric arc, compared with prior art and utilized partial pressure to store energy in advance and can save one set of equipment of charging for energy storage capacitor, the equipment volume has been reduced, the cost is reduced, simultaneously also reduced insulating requirement, the product insulation structure design has been simplified, the overall reliability of equipment has been guaranteed, and partial pressure is filled energy unit 10 and is for the self-charging mechanism for energy storage capacitor, system's direct current voltage can be for energy storage capacitor automatic charging and need not extra controlgear.
Furthermore, the present application can also configure parameters of the voltage dividing device in the voltage dividing and charging unit 10, so as to meet the charging voltage requirements of different capacitors of different transfer branches. In addition, the mechanical direct current breaker needs to accurately control the quick switch and other elements to work in the breaking process, so that the requirement on the matching of devices in the current transfer process is high, the structure and the control of the mechanical direct current breaker are simple, and the mechanical direct current breaker has more reliable control performance.
Optionally, on the basis of the above-mentioned dc circuit breaker, another embodiment of the present application further provides a dc system, which mainly includes: accuse protect device and direct current breaker as any embodiment described above.
The direct current breaker is arranged on a direct current bus in a direct current system, and the control and protection device controls the direct current breaker to perform opening/closing actions by issuing opening/closing instructions.
In practical application, when a direct current system has a short circuit fault or is overhauled due to power failure, a switching-off command can be issued to the direct current breaker through the control and protection device; when the direct current system needs to be powered on normally, a closing command is issued to the direct current breaker through the control and protection device.
In some embodiments, the control and protection device may be a controller, or other existing devices with control functions, such as a host computer, etc., and the specific type of the control and protection device is not limited in this application, and is within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, for the related description of the dc circuit breaker, reference may be made to the above corresponding embodiments, and for the related description of the dc system, reference may be made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
In summary, assuming that the power electronics kit 21 of the dc circuit breaker disposed in the dc system is a thyristor, and the base unit 20 includes a diode 26 having an anode connected to the cathode of the energy storage capacitor 22 and a cathode connected to the connection point of one end of the fast switch 24, the input end of the power electronics kit 21 and one end of the arrester 25, that is, as shown in fig. 8, when the dc circuit breaker is in the normal operating state, the circuit flows through the fast switch 24 on the main branch, the energy storage capacitor 22 is kept in the pre-charging state through the first voltage divider 11 and the second voltage divider 12 connected to the dc bus, and the power electronics kit 21 is in the off state, and no current flows through the transfer branch.
However, when the dc system has a short-circuit fault or has a power failure for maintenance, the dc circuit breaker receives the opening command from the controller, and starts to perform the opening operation, which may be as follows:
step 1: when the controller opening command is received, the fast switch 24 starts the opening operation, and the current of the dc breaker before opening flows as shown in fig. 9.
Step 2: when the break of the fast switch 24 is pulled away by a certain distance, the break generates a certain arc voltage, the controller sends a conduction command to the thyristor, the thyristor is conducted, and the current flowing through the direct current circuit breaker is as shown in fig. 10.
And step 3: after the thyristor is turned on, since the energy storage capacitor 22 has already been precharged, the energy storage capacitor 22 at this time starts to discharge, and the direction of the transfer current generated by the discharge is shown in fig. 11.
And 4, step 4: after the electric arc at the fracture is extinguished, within a certain time, the dielectric insulation at the fracture of the fast switch 24 is recovered to be capable of bearing the system overvoltage, the lightning arrester 25 starts to be conducted, the system current releases the residual energy through the lightning arrester 25, as shown in fig. 12, after the action of the lightning arrester 25 is completed, the thyristor is controlled to be turned off by the controller, and the whole tripping action is completed.
It should be noted that the above example is only a specific application example of the dc circuit breaker provided by the present invention in the opening operation process, but the application example in practical application is not limited to the above example, and may be modified according to the application environment and the user requirement, and as long as the implementation manner is the same as the principle and idea provided by the present application, the present application is within the protection scope of the present application.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A direct current circuit breaker, comprising: the device comprises a partial pressure energy charging unit and a basic unit; the voltage division energy charging unit is connected with the basic unit and used for charging energy of the energy storage capacitor in the basic unit.
2. The dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein said voltage dividing and charging unit comprises: a first voltage dividing device and a second voltage dividing device; one end of the first voltage divider is connected with one end of the second voltage divider, a connection point is connected to a connection point of the energy storage capacitor and the transfer inductor in the basic unit, the other end of the first voltage divider is connected to one side of the direct current bus, and the other end of the second voltage divider is connected to the other side of the direct current bus.
3. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that said first voltage dividing means and said second voltage dividing means are both resistors.
4. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that said first voltage dividing means and said second voltage dividing means are both capacitors.
5. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said base unit comprises: the energy storage capacitor, the transfer inductor, the quick switch, the lightning arrester and the power electronic suite;
one end of the quick switch, the input end of the power electronic suite and one end of the lightning arrester are connected to one side of the direct-current bus, the output end of the power electronic suite is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the other end of the quick switch and the other end of the lightning arrester through the transfer inductor.
6. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that said base unit further comprises: and the anode of the diode is connected to the cathode of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the connection point of one end of the quick switch, the input end of the power electronic suite and one end of the lightning arrester.
7. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that said power electronics kit comprises: thyristors, IGBTs, IGCTs, IEGTs, and diodes.
8. The direct current circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that said fast switch is a mechanical switch.
9. The dc circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein said energy storage capacitor is a high voltage capacitor.
10. A direct current system, comprising: a control and protection device and a direct current circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-9; the direct current circuit breaker is arranged on a direct current bus in the direct current system, and the control and protection device controls the direct current circuit breaker to execute an opening/closing action by issuing an opening/closing instruction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210734564.2A CN115085145A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Direct current system and direct current breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210734564.2A CN115085145A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Direct current system and direct current breaker |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115085145A true CN115085145A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210734564.2A Pending CN115085145A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Direct current system and direct current breaker |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115085145A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-06-27 CN CN202210734564.2A patent/CN115085145A/en active Pending
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