CN115082274A - Earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method and system based on satellite remote sensing - Google Patents
Earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method and system based on satellite remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out quantitative estimation and calculation on earth surface vegetation carbon sink (comprising forest carbon sink, crop carbon sink, grassland carbon sink and wetland carbon sink) based on an earth observation satellite remote sensing observation technology, using ground point location observation carbon sink data to correct and verify a carbon sink result inverted by satellite remote sensing big data, and directly submitting vegetation carbon sink in a specific area to a carbon trading market for carbon emission enterprises to purchase. The method can quickly and efficiently estimate the carbon accumulation and carbon emission of the earth surface vegetation on the scale of the month, the season and the year, and unify carbon transaction links related to the estimation demand of the carbon sink of the vegetation to a complete frame to form a business closed loop from carbon sink estimation to carbon transaction, thereby activating the carbon transaction market, improving the carbon transaction efficiency and increasing the carbon transaction transparency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for realizing carbon sink estimation of surface vegetation to improve carbon transaction efficiency and transparency, in particular to a method and a system for estimating and trading the carbon sink of the surface vegetation based on satellite remote sensing.
Background
With the formal online trade of the carbon emission right trading market in China, the overall design of the carbon emission trading system in China is marked to be basically finished. In the carbon trading market volume situation, the volume of the carbon trading market is changed by rapid initial acceleration, reduced market popularity in the middle period and recent growth, but the volume of the carbon trading market keeps continuously increasing in the trial stage. The reasons for this are due in part to the disjunction of carbon pricing methods, carbon taxes, and carbon trading market systems with carbon sink carbon source estimation. In order to fully exert the function of a carbon trading market as a marketized core policy tool for low-cost carbon emission reduction, a carbon pricing mechanism must be perfected; and the foundation of the carbon pricing mechanism is perfected, and a scientific and effective carbon sink carbon source evaluation technology is used as a support. The satellite remote sensing earth observation technology which is rapidly developed in recent years and the wide application thereof in the aspect of dynamic monitoring of a land ecosystem undoubtedly provide irreplaceable technical guarantee for perfecting a carbon pricing mechanism, improving carbon transaction efficiency and transparency.
In a global climate change research frame, a series of carbon sink carbon source researches of a land ecosystem and a marine ecosystem are carried out on an observation technology by adopting a satellite remote sensing ground, remarkable progress is achieved in the aspect of quantitatively inverting carbon accumulation and carbon emission of the ecosystem, and the carbon cycle theoretical frame and the analysis method based on the satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model can accurately estimate the carbon accumulation and carbon accumulation amount of an earth biosphere at a specific position, a specific ecosystem, a specific area and a specific time period. Therefore, the invention combines a quantitative remote sensing inversion model which is scientifically verified and developed, integrates a satellite remote sensing scientific data set with long-time sequence and high reliability, and forms a whole set of system and method for realizing the carbon sink estimation of the surface vegetation by adopting a satellite remote sensing means to improve the carbon trading efficiency and the transparency according to the requirement of the current carbon trading market on accurate carbon sink estimation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem, the invention provides a method and a system for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing.
The invention provides a method for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, completing radiometric calibration between the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite data, and performing earth surface reflectivity product normalization of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
step S2, estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems (forests, crops, grasslands and wetlands) in specific geographic positions (low latitude, medium latitude and high latitude), specific habitat conditions (flood, humidity and drought) and specific time periods (day by day, month and year) based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
step S3, verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon cycle (including a carbon source and a carbon sink) observation station and correcting input parameters of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
step S4, taking the image of the current earth observation remote sensing satellite as an input variable, and estimating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period by using a corrected remote sensing satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation aiming at different land ecosystems;
step S5, the carbon sink estimation result based on the earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation is submitted to a national carbon trade registration system of a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right trade market;
and step S6, completing quota collection together with market carbon emission quota, and participating in carbon emission right market trading.
In this scheme, in step S1, generating a unified satellite radiometric calibration system specifically includes:
preprocessing earth observation remote sensing satellite data, converting satellite original data into radiance values by using satellite sensor radiometric calibration parameters, removing irregular noise and bright spots on satellite images by methods such as Gaussian filtering and the like;
establishing key point links between different earth observation remote sensing satellite images by using histogram matching and a ground radiation correction field;
constructing a relative radiation correction model between every two satellites through the radiation brightness values of key points of different satellite images, and acquiring model coefficients to realize the unification of the radiation brightness physical quantities of different satellite remote sensing images;
and converting the radiance of different satellite remote sensing images into normalized earth surface reflectivity by using an atmospheric radiance transmission model, and generating an earth surface reflectivity product of the multi-source remote sensing satellite with a long-time sequence.
In this scheme, in step S2, estimating the carbon accumulation of the specific terrestrial ecosystem in the specific time period by using the multi-source satellite remote sensing surface reflectance product specifically includes:
selecting a bottom-up quantitative remote sensing inversion model suitable for different ecosystems as a carbon sink estimation model according to a global and regional scale carbon cycle research framework;
and (3) using the satellite remote sensing images after radiation correction, atmospheric correction and relative radiation correction of different sensors as input variables, and using a carbon sink estimation model to finish preliminary estimation of the carbon accumulation amount of a specific area in a specific time period.
In this embodiment, in step S4, estimating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period by using the corrected remote sensing quantitative inversion model, specifically:
acquiring satellite remote sensing images with different spatial resolutions and spectral resolutions according to specific requirements and the convenience degree of data acquirement, preprocessing the image data, and performing relative radiation correction on the image data and remote sensing images of other satellite sensors;
driving a satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation by using the processed satellite remote sensing image as an input parameter, and calculating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period;
and comparing the carbon accumulation amount in the specific area and the specific time period obtained by calculation with other available sites and actually measured carbon accumulation amounts, and calculating the carbon accumulation amount of the area in the specific area and the specific time period.
In this scheme, in step S6, the communication between the satellite remote sensing carbon sequestration and the national carbon transaction registration system is specifically:
the carbon sink amount in a specific area and a specific time period estimated by satellite remote sensing is input into a national carbon transaction registration system after carbon sink accounting and authentication are completed;
and (4) completing quota summarization of the incremental carbon sink input into the national carbon transaction registration system and the market carbon emission quota together, and selecting and trading enterprises having requirements on carbon emission rights in the national carbon emission right transaction market.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a system for estimating and trading the carbon sink of the earth surface vegetation based on satellite remote sensing, which comprises: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, and when the processor executes the satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, the following steps are realized:
completing radiometric calibration between the data of the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite, and normalizing the earth surface reflectivity product of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems in specific geographic positions, under specific habitat conditions and in specific time periods based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon circulation observation station and correcting an input parameter of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
estimating the carbon accumulation amount in a specific area and a specific time period by taking the image of the current earth observation remote sensing satellite as an input variable and using a corrected remote sensing satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation aiming at different land ecosystems;
the national carbon transaction registration system submits the carbon sink estimation result based on the earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation to a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right transaction market;
and completing quota collection together with the market carbon emission quota, and participating in market trading of the carbon emission rights.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) based on a mature satellite earth observation remote sensing technology, a land ecosystem carbon sink model which is commonly recognized by the academic and industrial fields is driven by relying on satellite remote sensing data which is reliable in quality, traceable in accounting and long-time sequence, and carbon sink estimation and accounting are carried out;
(2) verifying the carbon sink result after the verification and the verification by using the data of the ground observation station, confirming by an ecological environment department, registering the carbon sink increment verified by the satellite remote sensing technology into a medium carbon register system for a carbon emission enterprise to select, and trading in a national carbon emission right trading market;
(3) the annual carbon sink increment of the land ecosystem is marketized, monetized and capitalized to the maximum extent in the implementation of the system
(4) The tradable amount of the national carbon emission right trading market is increased on the market level; in the whole market carbon pricing mechanism level, the carbon trading scientific pricing mechanism is promoted, so that the carbon trading efficiency and transparency of the national carbon emission right trading market are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for estimating and trading carbon sink of earth surface vegetation based on satellite remote sensing according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of the present invention for integrating terrestrial ecosystem accounted carbon sequestration into the national carbon emission trading market;
fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction system based on satellite remote sensing.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing.
As shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing, including:
step S1, completing radiometric calibration between the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite data, and performing earth surface reflectivity product normalization of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
step S2, estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems (forests, crops, grasslands and wetlands) in specific geographic positions (low latitude, medium latitude and high latitude), specific habitat conditions (flood, humidity and drought) and specific time periods (day by day, month and year) based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
step S3, verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon cycle (including a carbon source and a carbon sink) observation station and correcting input parameters of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
step S4, taking the image of the current earth observation remote sensing satellite as an input variable, and estimating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period by using a corrected remote sensing satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation aiming at different land ecosystems;
step S5, submitting the carbon sink estimation result based on earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation to a national carbon trade registration system of a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right trading market;
and step S6, completing quota collection together with the market carbon emission quota, and participating in market trading of carbon emission rights.
In step S1, according to the parameter settings of the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite sensor, the radiometric calibration and normalization of different satellite sensors are required to be implemented, and a unified satellite radiometric calibration system is generated and used for the production of long-time sequence satellite earth reflectivity products, which specifically includes:
preprocessing earth observation remote sensing satellite data, converting satellite original data into radiance values by using satellite sensor radiometric calibration parameters, removing irregular noise and bright spots on satellite images by methods such as Gaussian filtering and the like;
establishing key point links between different earth observation remote sensing satellite images by using histogram matching and a ground radiation correction field;
constructing a relative radiation correction model between every two satellites through the radiation brightness values of key points of different satellite images, and acquiring model coefficients to realize the unification of the radiation brightness physical quantities of different satellite remote sensing images;
and converting the radiances of the remote sensing images of different satellites into normalized earth surface reflectivity by using an atmospheric radiance transmission model, and generating an earth surface reflectivity product of the multisource remote sensing satellite of a long-time sequence.
In step S2, estimating the carbon accumulation of the specific land ecosystem in a specific time period by using a multi-source satellite remote sensing surface reflectance product, wherein the quantitative remote sensing inversion model is one of the satellite remote sensing surface reflectance products, and the quantitative remote sensing inversion model can select a normalized vegetation index, a difference vegetation index, a ratio vegetation index, a soil adjustment vegetation index and the carbon accumulation for correlation analysis to obtain the correlation of the specific land ecosystem, and establish a regression model according to the significance of the correlation to reflect the land utilization condition and the vegetation coverage condition;
selecting a Bottom-up (Bottom-up) quantitative remote sensing inversion model suitable for different ecosystems as a carbon sink estimation model according to a global and regional scale carbon cycle research framework;
and (3) using the satellite remote sensing images after radiation correction, atmospheric correction and relative radiation correction of different sensors as input variables, and using a carbon sink estimation model to finish preliminary estimation of the carbon accumulation amount of a specific area in a specific time period.
In step S3, the carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion is verified by using the ground point carbon cycle observation station record, and is used for correcting the input parameters of the remote sensing quantitative inversion model, specifically:
according to specific needs, according to the type of a terrestrial ecosystem to which a specific area belongs, a long-term carbon cycle observation station to which a China flux observation research alliance (China flux) belongs is preferentially selected as a ground verification station, and if no similar type of a terrestrial ecosystem China flux observation station exists in the specific area, a carbon cycle monitoring station established by a local provincial ecological environment monitoring department is recommended to be selected as the ground verification station;
after the carbon cycle ground verification station is selected, the carbon sink estimation model coefficients used in step S2 are gradually corrected by using the long-term observation data of the land ecosystem where the station is located as a true value, so as to obtain the update (correction) coefficients of the carbon sink estimation model for the specific land ecosystem, the specific area, and the specific habitat mode.
In step S4, the time-series earth observation remote sensing satellite images are collected, the corrected and updated satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation for different terrestrial ecosystems is driven, and the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period is calculated, specifically:
acquiring satellite remote sensing images with different spatial resolutions and spectral resolutions according to specific requirements and the convenience degree of data acquirability, preprocessing image data such as geometric correction, radiation correction and atmospheric correction, and performing relative radiation correction on the image data and other satellite sensor remote sensing images;
driving a satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation by using the processed satellite remote sensing image as an input parameter, and calculating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period;
and comparing the carbon accumulation amount in the specific area and the specific time period obtained by calculation with other available sites and actually measured carbon accumulation amounts, and calculating the carbon accumulation amount of the area in the specific area and the specific time period.
In step S5, the obtained carbon sequestration/accounting result is incorporated as a tradable carbon sequestration amount into a national certification resource emission reduction (CCER), and is submitted to a registration and settlement center (national carbon trading registration system, medium carbon registration) of the national carbon emission trading market, specifically:
carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period obtained by satellite remote sensing estimation is determined as a tradeable carbon sink amount after carbon accounting is carried out by a third-party organization authenticated by the ecological environment protection;
and (3) the identified tradable carbon exchange credit is counted into the national certification resource emission reduction (CCER), and a registration and settlement center (national carbon transaction registration system, medium carbon registration) of the national carbon emission trading market is submitted.
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of the present invention for integrating terrestrial ecosystem accounted carbon sequestration into the national carbon emission trading market.
In step S6, the communication between the satellite remote sensing carbon sink accounting and the national carbon transaction registration system is specifically:
the carbon sink amount in a specific area and a specific time period estimated by satellite remote sensing is input into a national carbon transaction registration system after carbon sink accounting and authentication are completed;
the incremental carbon sink entered into the national carbon transaction registration system and market carbon emission quota (CEA) are together completed quota summary, and enterprises with requirements on carbon emission rights are selected and transacted in the national carbon emission rights transaction market;
the carbon exchange process realizes the monetization and the assets of the natural world (the annual carbon exchange increment of the land ecosystem) in partial areas (such as southwest provinces), and does not finish the processes of the land ecosystem, the carbon exchange increment, the carbon exchange estimation, the carbon exchange accounting, the carbon market registration and the carbon market exchange.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction system based on satellite remote sensing.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides a land cover carbon sink estimation and transaction system 3 based on satellite remote sensing, which comprises: the device comprises a memory 31 and a processor 32, wherein the memory comprises a satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, and when the processor executes the satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, the following steps are realized:
completing radiometric calibration between the data of the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite, and normalizing the earth surface reflectivity product of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems in specific geographic positions, under specific habitat conditions and in specific time periods based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon circulation observation station and correcting an input parameter of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
estimating the carbon accumulation amount in a specific area and a specific time period by taking the image of the current earth observation remote sensing satellite as an input variable and using a corrected remote sensing satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation aiming at different land ecosystems;
the national carbon transaction registration system submits the carbon sink estimation result based on the earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation to a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right transaction market;
and completing quota collection together with the market carbon emission quota, and participating in market trading of the carbon emission rights.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the models used may be "bottom-up" (i.e., bottom-up) or "top-down" (i.e., top-down), and different model methods are respectively used to implement the embodiments according to specific land ecosystem types and specific requirements of carbon sink/source estimation. The division of the cell is only a logic function division, and there may be another division way in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, all the functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Alternatively, the integrated unit of the present invention may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be essentially implemented or a part contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic or optical disk, or various other media that can store program code.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for estimating and trading surface vegetation carbon sink based on satellite remote sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, completing radiometric calibration between the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite data, and performing earth surface reflectivity product normalization of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
step S2, estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems in specific geographic positions and specific habitat conditions and in specific time periods based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
step S3, verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon circulation observation station and correcting an input parameter of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
step S4, taking the current earth observation remote sensing satellite image as an input variable, using the corrected carbon sink estimation satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model aiming at different land ecosystems, and estimating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period;
step S5, the carbon sink estimation result based on the earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation is submitted to a national carbon trade registration system of a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right trade market;
and step S6, completing quota collection together with market carbon emission quota, and participating in carbon emission right market trading.
2. The method for estimating and trading the carbon sink of the earth surface vegetation based on the satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, a unified satellite radiometric calibration system is generated, specifically:
preprocessing earth observation remote sensing satellite data, converting satellite original data into radiance values by using a satellite sensor radiometric calibration parameter, and removing irregular noise and bright spots;
establishing key point links between different earth observation remote sensing satellite images by using histogram matching and a ground radiation correction field;
constructing a relative radiation correction model between every two satellites through the radiation brightness values of key points of different satellite images, and acquiring model coefficients to realize the unification of the radiation brightness physical quantities of different satellite remote sensing images;
and converting the radiance of different satellite remote sensing images into normalized earth surface reflectivity by using an atmospheric radiance transmission model, and generating an earth surface reflectivity product of the multi-source remote sensing satellite with a long-time sequence.
3. The satellite remote sensing-based land cover carbon sink estimation and transaction method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the carbon accumulation of the specific land ecosystem in a specific time period is estimated through a multisource satellite remote sensing surface reflectivity product, specifically:
selecting a bottom-up quantitative remote sensing inversion model suitable for different ecosystems as a carbon sink estimation model according to a global and regional scale carbon cycle research framework;
and (3) using the satellite remote sensing images after radiation correction, atmospheric correction and relative radiation correction of different sensors as input variables, and using a carbon sink estimation model to finish preliminary estimation of the carbon accumulation amount of a specific area in a specific time period.
4. The method for estimating and trading carbon sink of earth surface vegetation based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period is estimated by using the corrected remote sensing quantitative inversion model, specifically:
acquiring satellite remote sensing images with different spatial resolutions and spectral resolutions according to specific requirements and the convenience degree of data acquirement, preprocessing the image data, and performing relative radiation correction on the image data and remote sensing images of other satellite sensors;
driving a satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation by using the processed satellite remote sensing image as an input parameter, and calculating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period;
and comparing the carbon accumulation amount in the specific area and the specific time period obtained by calculation with other available sites and actually measured carbon accumulation amounts, and calculating the carbon accumulation amount of the area in the specific area and the specific time period.
5. The method for estimating and trading carbon sink of earth surface vegetation based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the communication between satellite remote sensing carbon sink accounting and national carbon trade registration system is specifically:
the carbon sink amount in a specific area and a specific time period estimated by satellite remote sensing is input into a national carbon transaction registration system after carbon sink accounting and authentication are completed;
and (4) completing quota summarization of the incremental carbon sink input into the national carbon transaction registration system and the market carbon emission quota together, and selecting and trading enterprises having requirements on carbon emission rights in the national carbon emission right transaction market.
6. A land cover carbon sink estimation and transaction system based on satellite remote sensing is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, and when the processor executes the satellite remote sensing-based earth surface vegetation carbon sink estimation and transaction method program, the following steps are realized:
completing radiometric calibration between the data of the multi-source earth observation remote sensing satellite, and normalizing the earth surface reflectivity product of the satellite data product to generate a satellite earth observation data product with a long-time sequence and a uniform radiometric calibration system;
estimating carbon accumulation of different land ecosystems in specific geographic positions, under specific habitat conditions and in specific time periods based on the quantitative remote sensing inversion model;
verifying a carbon sink result obtained by satellite remote sensing inversion by using a ground point carbon circulation observation station and correcting an input parameter of a remote sensing quantitative inversion model;
estimating the carbon accumulation amount in a specific area and a specific time period by taking the image of the current earth observation remote sensing satellite as an input variable and using a corrected remote sensing satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation aiming at different land ecosystems;
the national carbon transaction registration system submits the carbon sink estimation result based on the earth observation remote sensing satellite inversion estimation to a registration and settlement center of a national carbon emission right transaction market;
and completing quota collection together with the market carbon emission quota, and participating in market trading of the carbon emission rights.
7. The satellite remote sensing-based land cover carbon sink estimation and transaction system according to claim 6, wherein the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period is estimated by using the corrected remote sensing quantitative inversion model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring satellite remote sensing images with different spatial resolutions and spectrum resolutions according to specific requirements and the convenience degree of data acquirable, preprocessing the image data, and performing relative radiation correction on the image data and remote sensing images of other satellite sensors;
driving a satellite remote sensing quantitative inversion model for carbon sink estimation by using the processed satellite remote sensing image as an input parameter, and calculating the carbon accumulation in a specific area and a specific time period;
and comparing the carbon accumulation amount in the specific area and the specific time period obtained by calculation with other available sites and actually measured carbon accumulation amounts, and calculating the carbon accumulation amount of the area in the specific area and the specific time period.
8. The satellite remote sensing-based land cover carbon sink estimation and transaction system according to claim 6, wherein the communication between the satellite remote sensing carbon sink accounting and the national carbon transaction registration system is specifically:
the carbon sink amount in a specific area and a specific time period estimated by satellite remote sensing is input into a national carbon transaction registration system after carbon sink accounting and authentication are completed;
and (4) completing quota summarization of the incremental carbon sink input into the national carbon transaction registration system and the market carbon emission quota together, and selecting and trading enterprises having requirements on carbon emission rights in the national carbon emission right transaction market.
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