CN115075609A - Device and method for realizing concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recovery by utilizing microwave heating - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing self-cracking and breaking of concrete and recycling of aggregate by utilizing microwave heating, wherein the device comprises an aggregate recycling device, a mechanical breaking device and a mechanical supporting device; positioning a region to be constructed through a mechanical supporting device; performing microwave irradiation heating, wall surface drilling, water spraying and crushing on the concrete wall surface to be heated and crushed through a microwave heating device, a drilling device and a water supply device of the mechanical crushing device; the crushed waste materials are collected, screened and classified and guided out through an aggregate recovery device stirring barrel, a double-layer aggregate sieve plate and an aggregate collecting box. The device can screen recyclable coarse aggregate from waste materials after the concrete wall is dismantled, solves the problem of recycling engineering waste materials, improves the construction efficiency, reduces the environmental pollution and reduces the energy consumption.

Description

Device and method for realizing self-cracking and crushing of concrete and aggregate recovery by microwave heating

technical field

The invention belongs to the concrete construction technology and field, in particular to a concrete wall crushing and aggregate recycling device and method based on microwave technology.

Background technique

At present, the requirements of new urbanization construction, and the demolition and restoration of a large number of concrete buildings have become an important reason for restricting the development of small and medium-sized cities and even large cities. Therefore, the problem of rapid demolition or repair of a large number of concrete walls has become a hot research topic.

Due to the difference in microwave absorption characteristics of aggregate, mortar and pore water in concrete, the internal stress generated by different thermal expansion can cause intergranular fracture and transgranular fracture inside the concrete, which in turn leads to internal damage and micro-cracks in the concrete. Reduce its uniaxial tensile strength, compressive strength and point load strength.

Existing methods for demolition of concrete walls: mechanical demolition, blasting demolition, expansion agent demolition, manual demolition with hydraulic clamps. Mechanical demolition has high noise, high energy consumption and serious dust pollution; blasting demolition has a certain impact on the safety of construction workers and the safety of surrounding facilities; the demolition of expansion agent has environmental pollution problems, and the expansion agent itself will also affect the health of personnel; manual demolition of hydraulic pliers Physical requirements for workers are high, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Solving the above technical problems has practical significance for the development of concrete wall self-cracking and aggregate recycling technologies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to improve construction efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce energy consumption in concrete demolition, and after the completion of the demolition of concrete walls, reusable crude materials can be screened from waste materials. Aggregates solve the problem of recycling and reuse of wastes in engineering, and provide a microwave heating-assisted concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recycling device and method thereof.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

In one aspect of the present invention, a device for realizing self-cracking and crushing of concrete and an aggregate recovery device by microwave heating is provided, including an aggregate recovery device, a mechanical crushing device and a mechanical support device;

Mechanical crushing device, placed on the upper part of the aggregate recovery device, including a microwave heating device, a drilling device, a water supply device and a control center carried by a retractable and rotating mechanical arm;

Aggregate recovery device, including a waste collection port corresponding to the microwave heating device and the drilling device, a mixing barrel located on the side of the waste collection port, a double-layer aggregate sieve plate and an aggregate collection box below the mixing barrel;

Mechanical support device, located at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device, including hydraulic support columns, support plates and universal wheels;

The control center is respectively connected to the microwave heating device, the drilling device and the water supply device, and the concrete wall to be heated and broken is subjected to microwave irradiation and wall drilling, water spraying and crushing;

The aggregate recovery unit collects, screens and sorts the broken waste.

Preferably, the microwave heating device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the shell of the mechanical protection device, the end of the mechanical arm is connected to the microwave generator through the microwave control rotation device, and the front of the microwave generator is provided with an anti-collision and anti-wave-transmitting medium.

Preferably, the drilling device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device, the end of the mechanical arm is provided with a drilling rotation device, and the end of the drilling rotation device is connected with a mechanical drill bit.

Preferably, the water supply device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the shell of the mechanical protection device, and the water delivery pipe passes through the mechanical arm and is connected with an annular water supply pipe and a wall moisture meter; the annular water supply pipe adopts an annular pipeline with holes.

Preferably, there are five soft stirring rods in the stirring barrel, the cross section is circular, including a central stirring rod and symmetrically distributed along the outer circumference of the central stirring rod.

Preferably, the stirring barrel adopts a metal mesh hole structure, and the bottom of the stirring barrel can be opened and closed.

Preferably, the double-layered aggregate sieve plate is connected to the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device through hooks, and is inclined along the bottom of the mixing barrel, and the double-layered aggregated sieve plate is inclined in the same direction.

Preferably, sieve holes with different apertures are arranged along the upper and lower sieve plates of the double-layer aggregate sieve plate, and the sieve holes of the upper layer sieve plate are larger than those of the lower layer sieve plate; the double-layer aggregate sieve plate is provided with a vibrator.

Preferably, the waste collection port is provided with a soft elastic waste collection plate, and the outer side wall of the aggregate recovery device is provided with a spring plug.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for realizing self-cracking and aggregate recovery of concrete by utilizing microwave heating of the device, comprising:

According to the thickness of the concrete wall, set the construction area of the concrete surface, the drilling depth and width of the drilling device, and set the microwave power and heating time of the microwave heating device;

Set the water supply volume of the water supply device according to the moisture content of the wall;

According to the height of the construction concrete surface, set the lifting or lowering height of the hydraulic support shaft; and the mixing time of the mixing tank in the aggregate recycling device;

The drilling device drills holes on the concrete surface, and the annular pipeline of the water supply device sees water into the concrete in the drilled hole;

When the moisture content in the concrete reaches 5.75% or more, the water supply device stops water injection; the microwave heating device irradiates and heats the drilling area, the concrete surface self-cracks, and the mechanical drill bit simultaneously crushes the self-cracked concrete surface; the waste enters the bone through the waste collection port. material recovery device;

After completing the construction of the concrete surface in the drilling area, the waste is introduced into the aggregate recycling device through the waste collection plate; the mixing bucket and the vibrator are started, and the mixing bucket mixes the waste into fine materials, and the fine materials are vibrated and screened by the double-layer aggregate sieve plate. The coarse aggregate is collected and the cement mortar is discharged;

After the concrete wall in one construction area is broken, the aggregate recycling device and mechanical protection device enter the next construction area to repeat the above process.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects due to taking the above technical solutions:

1. The present invention uses a drill bit to drill holes in the concrete, and the water pipelines penetrate the concrete holes to assist microwave heating to realize self-splitting of the concrete. At the same time, the drill bit assists in completely crushing the concrete; the dropped concrete waste is collected through the waste collection port to collect aggregates and then recycled. In the device, the waste is stirred by the mixing bucket and the soft stirring rod, and the double-layered aggregate sieve plate screens the fine material formed by stirring, and separates the repeatable aggregate to realize the recycling and reuse of the old aggregate.

2. The mechanical drill bit, microwave generator, double-layer aggregate sieve plate, waste collection plate and water pipeline in the equipment can be disassembled to facilitate regular cleaning and replacement operations. The mixing bucket and water supply tank can also be disassembled and maintained regularly.

3. The aggregate recovery device cooperates with the microwave heating device synchronously to meet the requirements of waste recycling when concrete is demolished.

The device has a simple structure design, is easy to disassemble and assemble, easy to operate, has a high degree of automation, and has high aggregate separation efficiency, and can be applied to engineering practice.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave heating-assisted concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recycling device;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer aggregate sieve plate and an aggregate collection box;

In the figure: 1. Microwave heating device, 2. Mechanical protection device, 3. Anti-collision, anti-wave-transmitting medium, 4. Microwave generator, 5. Drilling device, 6. Mechanical drill bit, 7. Annular water supply pipe, 8. Control Center, 9, Water Supply Tank, 10, Water Supply Device, 11, Mixing Tank, 12, Aggregate Collection Box, 13, Double-layer Aggregate Screen, 14, Mortar Waste Discharge Port, 15, Support Plate, 16, Protective Shell , 17, universal wheel, 18, spring plug, 19, waste collection plate, 20, water supply, drilling control line, 21, mixing barrel control line, 22, microwave heating control line, 23, water pipe, 24, soft stirring Rod, 25, Aggregate recovery device, 26, Waste collection port, 27, Hook, 28, Hydraulic support column, 29, Screen hole, 30, Microwave controlled rotary device, 31, Wall moisture meter, 32, Drilling rotary device , 33, vibrator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention is a concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recycling device based on microwave heating, including an aggregate recycling device 25, a mechanical protection device 2 and a mechanical support device. The mechanical protection device 2 is placed on the aggregate On the upper part of the recovery device 25, the mechanical support device is located at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device. The aggregate recovery device 25 is supported by the universal wheel 17, and the universal wheel 17 is provided with a soft material protective shell 16.

The mechanical crushing device 2 is placed on the upper part of the aggregate recovery device 25. The mechanical crushing device 2 is provided with a water supply tank 9, a control center 8, a water delivery pipe 23 and a plurality of control lines respectively to ensure the normal operation of concrete crushing. A microwave heating device 1 , a drilling device 5 and a water supply device 10 carried by a retractable and rotatable mechanical arm are arranged on the shell of the mechanical crushing device 2 .

The microwave heating device 1 includes a mechanical arm whose one end is fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device 2. The end of the mechanical arm is connected to a microwave generator 4 through a microwave control rotation device 30. The front of the microwave generator 4 is provided with an anti-collision and anti-wave-transmitting medium 3. .

The drilling device 5 includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device 2. The end of the mechanical arm is provided with a drilling rotation device 32, and the end of the drilling rotation device 32 is connected with a mechanical drill bit 6. The mechanical drill bit adopts a center drill and a drill. Hole drill, center drill is used for center positioning and auxiliary crushing, and hole opener is used for wall opening.

The water supply device 10 includes a mechanical arm whose one end is fixed to the outer casing of the mechanical protection device 2. The water delivery pipe 23 passes through the mechanical arm and is connected to an annular water supply pipe 7 and a wall moisture meter 31. The annular water supply pipe 7 adopts an annular pipeline with holes to circulate. Water seeps into the borehole. The wall moisture meter is placed inside the water supply device to detect the moisture content of the concrete wall under construction.

The front side of the microwave generator 4 is provided with an anti-collision and anti-penetration medium 3, and the anti-collision and anti-penetration medium is made of materials with relatively low relative permittivity and loss factor, and polyperfluoroethylene is used in this embodiment. The anti-collision and anti-penetration medium has the function of protecting the microwave generator and preventing microwave leakage and microwave reflection damage. The microwave generator 4 can be disassembled and replaced. The inside of the drilling rotation device 32 at the end of the drilling device 5 is connected with the mechanical drill bit 6 through threads, which facilitates disassembly and replacement of the mechanical drill bit. The annular water supply pipe 7 at the end of the water supply device 10 can be disassembled to facilitate regular maintenance of the water supply pipe.

The aggregate recovery device 25 includes a mixing drum 11 , an aggregate collection box 12 and a double-layered aggregate screen plate 13 . Five soft stirring rods 24 are arranged in parallel along the axial direction in the stirring barrel 11, and their cross sections are circular. The five soft stirring rods 24 include a central stirring rod and four stirring rods evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the central stirring rod. Except for the stirring rod at the center axis, the remaining four stirring rods are symmetrically distributed in the mixing barrel, as shown in Figure 2; the waste is preliminarily processed, and the waste is ground into fine materials by collision without damaging the aggregate; The lower side wall of the mixing barrel 11 can be freely opened and closed. The mixing barrel adopts a metal mesh hole structure. The lower part of the mixing barrel 11 is provided with a double-layered aggregate sieve plate 13, as shown in Figure 3, along the upper and lower sieve plates of the aggregate sieve plate are provided with sieve holes 29 with different apertures, and the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than those of the lower sieve plate ; Double-layer aggregate sieve plate with vibrator. The double-layer aggregate sieve plate 13 is connected with the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device through the hook 27. The double-layer aggregate sieve plate 13 is inclined along the bottom of the mixing barrel 11, and the inclination angle is consistent with the direction. Freely slide into the aggregate collection box 12 . The bottom of the aggregate recovery device 25 is provided with a mortar particle discharge port.

In the aggregate recovery device 25, a waste collection port 26 is provided on one side of the mixing barrel 11, and a soft elastic waste collection plate 19 is arranged on the waste collection port 26. The waste collection plate 19 is connected to the inner side of the aggregate recovery device 25 through hooks 27 on both sides. One end of the waste collection plate 19 is connected with the mixing barrel 11 placed on the inner upper part of the aggregate recovery device 25 , and the other end is hung on the side wall of the aggregate recovery device 25 . The outer side wall of the aggregate recovery device 25 is provided with a spring plug 18 .

The bottom of the aggregate recycling device is a mechanical support device, including a hydraulic support column 28, a support plate 15 and a universal wheel 17; four hydraulic support columns 28 that can be raised and lowered are used as support shafts, and the bottom of the support shaft is supported on the support plate 15. , there are 6 universal wheels 17 under the support plate 15, which can move the device, and the universal wheels are protected by a soft protective shell 16.

The control center 8 is connected with a microwave heating control line 22 , a water supply, drilling control line 20 and a mixing barrel control line 21 . The control center 8 is connected to the microwave generator through the microwave heating control line 22 to control the working power and time of the microwave generator and the rotation angle of the microwave heating surface; the control center 8 controls the water supply amount, the expansion and contraction of the annular water supply pipe and the The water content of the wall is detected; the control center 8 controls the drilling depth, drilling width and drilling angle of the mechanical drill bit by connecting the drilling control line; the control center 8 controls the working time of the mixing tank and the opening and closing time of the mixing tank wall by connecting the control line 21 of the mixing tank. The microwave heating device, the drilling device and the water supply device can be independently controlled, and the control lines do not interfere with each other, which increases the work efficiency.

In this device, the mechanical drill 6, microwave generator 4, double-layer aggregate sieve plate 13, soft stirring rod 24 and annular water supply pipe 7 can all be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for regular inspection and cleaning operations. The mechanical protection device 2 can be opened to facilitate the maintenance of the control center 8 and the control lines. The aggregate sieve plate can be replaced according to the aggregate surplus of the mortar waste discharge port 14 after the concrete wall is broken, so as to meet the aggregate recovery requirements of different aperture sizes. A vibrator 33 is provided on the double-layer aggregate screen plate 13. When the mixing barrel 11 stops working, the vibrator 33 starts to work. The two operate independently and are controlled by intelligent information.

Since the broken concrete wall is composed of aggregate and cement mortar, in order to reuse the recovered aggregate, the rotation speed and rotation time of the mixing drum are required to be longer, and the strength and hardness of the soft mixing rod 24 are much smaller than those of the aggregate. It not only ensures that the aggregate itself is not damaged, but also realizes the separation of aggregate and cement mortar.

The working principle of the present invention:

Drilling, water seepage, microwave heating, drill-assisted crushing and aggregate recycling are performed on the concrete wall to be constructed to realize the process of concrete wall removal and aggregate collection.

Move the unit to an indoor or outdoor concrete wall and turn on the power. Set the drilling depth, width, microwave heating power and working time according to the thickness of the concrete wall and the size of the construction surface; set the water output of the water supply device according to the wall moisture content measured by the wall moisture meter; Raise or lower height of the hydraulic support shaft.

First, the mechanical drill bit of the drilling device drills the concrete wall. After the drilling is completed, the water supply device extends the annular water supply pipe into the hole to seep water into the concrete wall. When the wall moisture meter detects that the water content of the construction wall reaches Construction requirements, in this example, when the moisture content in the concrete is detected to reach 5.75% and above, the microwave heating device microwaves the construction wall; Microwave leakage; during the microwave heating process, the mechanical drill drills the other working face and repeats the previous operation. After the microwave heating is completed, the concrete wall self-cracks, and the mechanical drill bit assists the demolition of the concrete wall. The concrete waste enters the waste collection plate through the waste collection port and is introduced into the mixing barrel. When the waste in the mixing barrel reaches the threshold, the barrel mouth is closed, the mixing barrel and the vibrator are started, and the waste is rotated and ground. After the mixing is completed, the lower part of the mixing barrel is opened and the grinding is done The fine material is poured into the double-layer aggregate sieve plate. After vibrating and screening, the recyclable aggregate enters the aggregate collection box under the action of gravity, and the cement mortar is discharged from the mortar discharge port at the bottom.

After completing the removal of part of the concrete wall, the universal wheel drives the aggregate recovery device and the mechanical protection device into the next construction area to repeat the above operation.

The invention realizes the self-splitting of concrete by performing drilling, water seepage and microwave heating in sequence on the concrete wall to be treated, and realizes the recycling process of concrete through the auxiliary dismantling, waste collection, stirring and screening by the drill bit, which improves the construction efficiency and reduces the size of the concrete. It reduces environmental pollution and reduces energy consumption. After the concrete wall is demolished, the reusable coarse aggregate can be screened from the waste, which solves the problem of recycling and reuse of engineering waste.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features according to the disclosed technical contents without creative work. Modifications, replacements and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Utilize microwave heating to realize concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recovery device, it is characterized in that, comprise aggregate recovery device, mechanical crushing device and mechanical support device; Mechanical crushing device, placed on the upper part of the aggregate recovery device, including a microwave heating device, a drilling device, a water supply device and a control center carried by a retractable and rotating mechanical arm; Aggregate recovery device, including a waste collection port corresponding to the microwave heating device and the drilling device, a mixing barrel located on the side of the waste collection port, a double-layer aggregate sieve plate and an aggregate collection box below the mixing barrel; Mechanical support device, located at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device, including hydraulic support columns, support plates and universal wheels; The control center is respectively connected to the microwave heating device, the drilling device and the water supply device, and the concrete wall to be heated and broken is subjected to microwave irradiation and wall drilling, water spraying and crushing; The aggregate recovery unit collects, screens and sorts the broken waste. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the microwave heating device comprises a mechanical arm whose one end is fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device, and the end of the mechanical arm is connected to a microwave generator through a microwave control rotation device, and the microwave generator The front part is provided with anti-collision and anti-wave medium. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the drilling device comprises a mechanical arm whose one end is fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device, the end of the mechanical arm is provided with a drilling rotation device, and the end of the drilling rotation device is provided with a drilling rotation device. A mechanical drill is attached. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the water supply device comprises a mechanical arm whose one end is fixed to the casing of the mechanical protection device, and the water delivery pipe passes through the mechanical arm and communicates with an annular water supply pipe and a wall moisture meter; the annular water supply pipe Use annular piping with holes. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, five soft stirring rods are arranged in the stirring barrel, and the cross section is circular, including a central stirring rod and a central stirring rod along the outer circumference of the central stirring rod. symmetrical distribution. 6 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring barrel adopts a metal mesh hole structure, and the bottom of the stirring barrel can be opened and closed. 7 . 7 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the double-layered aggregate sieve plate is connected to the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device through hooks, and is inclined along the bottom of the mixing barrel, and the double-layered aggregate sieve plate is inclined in the same direction. 8 . 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower sieve plates of the double-layer aggregate sieve are provided with sieve holes of different apertures, and the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than the sieve holes of the lower sieve plate; The sieve plate is provided with a vibrator. 9 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the waste collection port is provided with a soft elastic waste collection plate, and the outer side wall of the aggregate recovery device is provided with a spring plug. 10 . 10. a method of utilizing microwave heating to realize concrete self-cracking and crushing and aggregate recovery of the device according to any one of claims 1-9, is characterized in that, comprising: According to the thickness of the concrete wall, set the construction area of the concrete surface, the drilling depth and width of the drilling device, and set the microwave power and heating time of the microwave heating device; Set the water supply volume of the water supply device according to the moisture content of the wall; According to the height of the construction concrete surface, set the lifting or lowering height of the hydraulic support shaft; and the mixing time of the mixing tank in the aggregate recycling device; The drilling device drills holes on the concrete surface, and the annular pipeline of the water supply device sees water into the concrete in the drilled hole; When the moisture content in the concrete reaches 5.75% or more, the water supply device stops water injection; the microwave heating device irradiates and heats the drilling area, the concrete surface self-cracks, and the mechanical drill bit simultaneously crushes the self-cracked concrete surface; the waste enters the bone through the waste collection port. material recovery device; After completing the construction of the concrete surface in the drilling area, the waste is introduced into the aggregate recycling device through the waste collection plate; the mixing bucket and the vibrator are started, and the mixing bucket mixes the waste into fine materials, and the fine materials are vibrated and screened by the double-layer aggregate sieve plate. The coarse aggregate is collected and the cement mortar is discharged; After the concrete wall in one construction area is broken, the aggregate recycling device and mechanical protection device enter the next construction area to repeat the above process.

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