CN115075609B - Device and method for realizing self-cracking and crushing of concrete and recovery of aggregate by utilizing microwave heating - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for realizing self-cracking and crushing of concrete and aggregate recovery by using microwave heating, which includes an aggregate recovery device, a mechanical crushing device and a mechanical support device; the area to be constructed is positioned through the mechanical support device; the area to be constructed is positioned through the mechanical crushing device; The microwave heating device, drilling device, and water supply device perform microwave irradiation heating, wall drilling, water spraying and crushing on the concrete wall to be heated and broken; the aggregate recovery device mixes the barrel, double-layer aggregate sieve plate and aggregates The collection box collects, screens and sorts the broken waste materials for export. This device can screen reusable coarse aggregate from the waste after the concrete wall is demolished, solving the problem of recycling and reuse of engineering waste, improving construction efficiency, reducing environmental pollution, and reducing energy consumption.

Description

Device and method for realizing concrete self-cracking and crushing and aggregate recovery using microwave heating

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of concrete construction technology, and in particular is a device and method for crushing concrete walls and recycling aggregates based on microwave technology.

Background technique

At present, due to the requirements of new urbanization construction, the demolition and repair of a large number of concrete buildings have become important reasons that restrict the development of small, medium and even large cities. Therefore, the problem of rapid demolition or repair of large quantities of concrete walls has become a hot research topic.

Since the aggregate, mortar and pore water in concrete have different microwave absorption characteristics, the internal stress generated by different thermal expansions can cause intergranular and transgranular fractures within the concrete, which in turn can lead to internal damage and micro-cracks in the concrete. Reduce its uniaxial tensile strength, compressive strength and point load strength.

Existing methods for concrete wall demolition: mechanical demolition, blasting demolition, expansion agent demolition, and manual demolition with hydraulic pliers. Mechanical demolition has loud noises, high energy consumption, and serious dust pollution; blasting demolition has a certain impact on the safety of construction workers and surrounding facilities; expansion agent removal has environmental pollution problems, and the expansion agent itself can also affect personnel health; manual demolition with hydraulic clamps It places high physical demands on workers and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Solving the above technical problems has practical significance for the development of concrete wall self-cracking and aggregate recycling technology.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to improve construction efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce energy consumption during concrete demolition. After the demolition of the concrete wall is completed, reusable rough materials can be screened from the waste materials. Aggregate, solves the problem of recycling of waste materials in engineering, and provides a device and method based on microwave heating-assisted concrete self-cracking and crushing and aggregate recycling.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

On the one hand, the present invention provides a device that uses microwave heating to realize self-cracking and crushing of concrete and aggregate recovery, including an aggregate recovery device, a mechanical crushing device and a mechanical support device;

The mechanical crushing device is placed on the upper part of the aggregate recovery device and includes a microwave heating device, a drilling device, a water supply device and a control center carried by a telescopic and rotating mechanical arm;

The aggregate recovery device includes a waste collection port corresponding to the microwave heating device and drilling device, as well as a mixing barrel located on the side of the waste collection port, a double-layer aggregate screen plate and an aggregate collection box below the mixing barrel;

Mechanical support device, located at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device, including hydraulic support columns, support plates and universal wheels;

The control center is connected to the microwave heating device, drilling device and water supply device respectively, and performs microwave irradiation, wall drilling, water spraying and crushing on the concrete wall to be heated and broken;

The aggregate recovery device collects, screens, sorts and exports the crushed waste.

Preferably, the microwave heating device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the shell of the mechanical protection device. The end of the mechanical arm is connected to the microwave generator through the microwave control rotation device. The front of the microwave generator is provided with an anti-collision and anti-wave transmission medium.

Preferably, the drilling device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the shell of the mechanical protection device. The end of the mechanical arm is provided with a drilling rotation device, and the end of the drilling rotation device is connected with a mechanical drill bit.

Preferably, the water supply device includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed to the shell of the mechanical protection device. The water pipe passes through the mechanical arm and is connected to an annular water supply pipe and a wall moisture meter; the annular water supply pipe adopts an annular pipeline with holes.

Preferably, the mixing barrel is provided with five soft stirring rods with a circular cross-section, including a central stirring rod and symmetrical distribution along the outer periphery of the central stirring rod.

Preferably, the mixing barrel adopts a metal mesh hole structure, and the bottom of the mixing barrel can be opened and closed.

Preferably, the double-layer aggregate screen plate is connected to the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device through a hook, and is arranged inclined along the bottom of the mixing barrel, with the double-layer aggregate screen plate tilting in the same direction.

Preferably, sieve holes of different apertures are provided along the upper and lower sieve plates of the double-layer aggregate sieve plate, and the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than those of the lower sieve plate; the double-layer aggregate sieve plate is provided with a vibrator.

Preferably, the waste collection port is provided with a soft elastic waste collection plate, and the outer wall of the aggregate recovery device is provided with a spring plug.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for realizing concrete self-cracking and aggregate recovery using microwave heating of the device, including:

Set the construction area of the concrete surface, the drilling depth and width of the drilling device according to the thickness of the concrete wall, and set the microwave power and heating time of the microwave heating device;

Set the water supply volume of the water supply device according to the moisture content of the wall;

According to the height of the construction concrete surface, set the lifting or descending height of the hydraulic support shaft; and the mixing time of the mixing barrel in the aggregate recycling device;

The drilling device drills holes into the concrete surface, and the annular pipeline of the water supply device seeps water into the concrete in the drilled hole;

When the moisture content in the concrete reaches 5.75% and above, the water supply device stops injecting water; the microwave heating device irradiates and heats the drilling area, causing the concrete surface to self-crack, and the mechanical drill bit simultaneously crushes the self-cracked concrete surface; waste materials enter the bone through the waste collection port. Material recovery device;

After completing the concrete surface construction work in the drilling area, the waste materials are introduced into the aggregate recycling device through the waste collection plate; the mixing barrel and vibrator are started, and the mixing barrel mixes the waste materials into fine materials, and the fine materials are vibrated and screened by the double-layer aggregate screen plate Coarse aggregate is collected and cement mortar is discharged;

After completing the removal of the concrete wall in one construction area, the aggregate recycling device and mechanical protection device enter the next construction area to repeat the above process.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention uses a drill bit to drill holes in the concrete, and water pipelines to seep into the concrete holes to assist microwave heating to achieve self-cracking of the concrete. At the same time, the drill bit assists in completely crushing the concrete; the fallen concrete waste is collected into aggregate through the waste collection port and recycled In the device, waste materials are stirred through a mixing barrel and a soft stirring rod. The double-layer aggregate sieve plate screens the fine materials formed by the mixing and separates repeatable aggregates to realize the recycling of old aggregates.

2. The mechanical drill bit, microwave generator, double-layer aggregate screen plate, waste collection plate and water pipeline in the equipment can be disassembled to facilitate regular cleaning and replacement operations. The mixing barrel and water supply tank can also be disassembled and repaired regularly.

3. The aggregate recovery device and the microwave heating device cooperate synchronously to meet the requirements for waste recycling during concrete demolition.

The device has a simple structural design, is convenient for disassembly and assembly of parts, is easy to operate, has a high degree of automation and high aggregate separation efficiency, and can be applied in engineering practice.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device based on microwave heating-assisted concrete self-cracking and aggregate recycling;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the double-layer aggregate screen plate and aggregate collection box;

In the picture: 1. Microwave heating device, 2. Mechanical protection device, 3. Anti-collision and anti-wave transmission medium, 4. Microwave generator, 5. Drilling device, 6. Mechanical drill bit, 7. Annular water supply pipe, 8. Control center, 9. Water supply tank, 10. Water supply device, 11. Mixing barrel, 12. Aggregate collection box, 13. Double-layer aggregate screen plate, 14. Mortar waste discharge port, 15. Support plate, 16. Protective shell , 17. Universal wheel, 18. Spring plug, 19. Waste collection plate, 20. Water supply and drilling control line, 21. Mixing barrel control line, 22. Microwave heating control line, 23. Water pipe, 24. Soft mixing Rod, 25. Aggregate recovery device, 26. Waste collection port, 27. Hook, 28. Hydraulic support column, 29. Sieve hole, 30. Microwave control rotation device, 31. Wall moisture meter, 32. Drilling rotation device , 33. Vibrator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not used to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention is a microwave-heated concrete self-cracking crushing and aggregate recycling device, including an aggregate recycling device 25, a mechanical protection device 2 and a mechanical support device. The mechanical protection device 2 is placed on the aggregate On the upper part of the recovery device 25, the mechanical support device is located at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device. The aggregate recovery device 25 is supported and walked by a universal wheel 17. A soft material protective shell 16 is provided outside the universal wheel 17.

The mechanical crushing device 2 is placed on the upper part of the aggregate recovery device 25. The mechanical crushing device 2 is equipped with a water supply tank 9, a control center 8, a water pipe 23 and multiple control lines inside to ensure the normal progress of the concrete crushing work. A microwave heating device 1, a drilling device 5 and a water supply device 10 carried by a telescopic and rotating mechanical arm are provided on the outer shell of the mechanical crushing device 2.

The microwave heating device 1 includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed on the shell of the mechanical protection device 2. The end of the mechanical arm is connected to the microwave generator 4 through the microwave control rotation device 30. The front of the microwave generator 4 is provided with an anti-collision and anti-wave transmission medium 3 .

The drilling device 5 includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed on the shell of the mechanical protection device 2. The end of the mechanical arm is provided with a drilling rotation device 32. The end of the drilling rotation device 32 is connected with a mechanical drill bit 6. The mechanical drill bit adopts center drilling and drilling. Hole drills, center drills are used for center positioning and auxiliary crushing, and hole openers are used for wall openings.

The water supply device 10 includes a mechanical arm with one end fixed on the shell of the mechanical protection device 2. The water supply pipe 23 passes through the mechanical arm and is connected to an annular water supply pipe 7 and a wall moisture meter 31. The annular water supply pipe 7 is an annular pipeline with holes, and circulates Water seeps into the borehole. The wall moisture meter is placed inside the water supply device and is used to detect the moisture content of the concrete wall under construction.

The front side of the microwave generator 4 is provided with an anti-collision and anti-penetration medium 3. The anti-collision and anti-penetration medium is made of materials with low relative dielectric constant and loss factor. In this embodiment, polyperfluoroethylene is used. The anti-collision and anti-penetration medium has the function of protecting the microwave generator and preventing microwave leakage and microwave reflection damage. The microwave generator 4 can be disassembled and replaced. The drilling rotating device 32 at the end of the drilling device 5 is internally connected to the mechanical drill bit 6 through threads, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the mechanical drill bit. The annular water supply pipe 7 at the end of the water supply device 10 can be disassembled to facilitate regular maintenance of the water supply pipe.

The aggregate recovery device 25 includes a mixing barrel 11 , an aggregate collection box 12 and a double-layer aggregate screen plate 13 . Five soft stirring rods 24 are arranged in the mixing barrel 11 in parallel along the axial direction, and their cross-sections are circular. The five soft stirring rods 24 include a central stirring rod and four stirring rods evenly distributed along the periphery of the central stirring rod. Except for the stirring rod at the central axis, the other four stirring rods are symmetrically distributed in the mixing barrel, as shown in Figure 2; the waste material is initially processed, and the waste material is ground into fine materials through collision without damaging the aggregate; The lower side wall of the mixing barrel 11 can be opened and closed freely. The mixing barrel adopts a metal mesh hole structure. The lower part of the mixing barrel 11 is provided with a double-layer aggregate sieve plate 13, as shown in Figure 3. The upper and lower sieve plates are provided with sieve holes 29 of different apertures along the aggregate sieve plate. The sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than those of the lower sieve plate. ; The double-layer aggregate screen plate is equipped with a vibrator. The double-layer aggregate screen plate 13 is connected to the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device through hooks 27. The double-layer aggregate screen plate 13 is tilted along the bottom of the mixing barrel 11. The tilt angle is consistent with the direction. The screened fine materials can be passed through the gravity. Freely slide into the aggregate collection box 12. The bottom of the aggregate recovery device 25 is provided with a mortar particle discharge port.

The aggregate recovery device 25 is provided with a waste collection port 26 on one side of the mixing barrel 11. The waste collection port 26 is provided with a soft elastic waste collection plate 19. The waste collection plate 19 is connected to the inside of the aggregate recovery device 25 through hooks 27 on both sides. , one end of the waste collection plate 19 is connected to the mixing barrel 11 placed on the upper inner side of the aggregate recovery device 25, and the other end is hung on the side wall of the aggregate recovery device 25. A spring plug 18 is provided on the outer wall of the aggregate recovery device 25.

The bottom of the aggregate recycling device is a mechanical support device, including a hydraulic support column 28, a support plate 15 and a universal wheel 17; four liftable hydraulic support columns 28 are used as support shafts, and the bottom of the support shaft is supported on the support plate 15 , there are 6 universal wheels 17 under the support plate 15, which can move the device, and the universal wheels are protected by a soft protective shell 16.

The control center 8 is connected to the microwave heating control line 22, water supply, drilling control line 20 and mixing barrel control line 21. The control center 8 is connected to the microwave generator through the microwave heating control line 22 to control the working power and time of the microwave generator and the rotation angle of the microwave heating surface; the control center 8 controls the water supply volume, the expansion and contraction amount of the annular water supply pipe and Detect the water content of the wall; the control center 8 controls the drilling depth, drilling width and drilling angle of the mechanical drill bit by connecting the drilling control line; the control center 8 controls the working time of the mixing barrel and the opening and closing time of the mixing barrel wall by connecting the mixing barrel control line 21. The microwave heating device, drilling device and water supply device can be controlled independently, and the control lines do not interfere with each other, increasing work efficiency.

In this device, the mechanical drill bit 6, microwave generator 4, double-layer aggregate screen plate 13, soft stirring rod 24 and annular water supply pipe 7 can all be disassembled and replaced to facilitate regular inspection and cleaning operations. The mechanical protection device 2 can be opened to facilitate maintenance of the control center 8 and control lines. The aggregate screen plate can be replaced according to the remaining aggregate of the mortar waste discharge port 14 after the concrete wall is broken, so as to meet the aggregate recycling requirements of different hole sizes. The double-layer aggregate screen plate 13 is provided with a vibrator 33. When the mixing barrel 11 stops working, the vibrator 33 starts working. Both run independently and are controlled by intelligent information.

Since the demolished concrete wall is composed of aggregate and cement mortar, in order to reuse the recovered aggregate, the rotation speed and rotation time of the mixing barrel are required to be longer, and the strength and hardness of the soft mixing rod 24 are required to be much smaller than the aggregate. It is composed of rubber material; it not only protects the aggregate itself from being damaged, but also realizes the separation of aggregate and cement mortar.

Working principle of the invention:

Drilling, water seepage, microwave heating, drill-assisted crushing and aggregate recycling are performed on the concrete wall to be constructed to realize the concrete wall demolition and aggregate collection process.

Move the unit to a concrete wall indoors or outdoors and turn on the power. Set the drilling depth, width, microwave heating power and working time according to the thickness of the concrete wall and the size of the construction surface; set the water output of the water supply device according to the wall moisture content measured by the wall moisture meter; set the water output of the water supply device according to the height of the construction concrete surface The lifting or lowering height of the hydraulic support shaft.

First, the mechanical drill bit of the drilling device drills holes into the concrete wall. After drilling, the water supply device extends the annular water supply pipe into the hole to seep water into the concrete wall. When the wall moisture meter detects that the moisture content of the construction wall reaches According to the construction requirements, this embodiment detects that when the moisture content in the concrete reaches 5.75% and above, the microwave heating device performs microwave heating on the construction wall; the anti-impact and anti-penetration medium at the front end of the microwave heating device is closely attached to the construction wall to prevent Microwave leakage; during the microwave heating process, the mechanical drill bit drilled another working surface and repeated the previous operation. After the microwave heating is completed, the concrete wall will self-crack, and a mechanical drill will assist in the demolition of the concrete wall. The concrete waste enters the waste collection plate through the waste collection port and is introduced into the mixing barrel. When the waste in the mixing barrel reaches the threshold, the barrel mouth is closed, the mixing barrel and vibrator are started, and the waste begins to rotate and grind. After the mixing is completed, the lower part of the mixing barrel is opened and the grinding is completed. The fine materials are poured into the double-layer aggregate screen plate. After vibration screening, the recyclable aggregates enter the aggregate collection box under the action of gravity, and the cement mortar is discharged from the mortar discharge port at the bottom.

After completing the demolition of part of the concrete wall, the universal wheel drives the aggregate recovery device and mechanical protection device into the next construction area to repeat the above operations.

The invention realizes self-cracking of concrete by sequentially drilling, water seeping, and microwave heating the concrete wall to be treated, and realizes the recycling process of concrete through drill-assisted dismantling, waste collection, mixing, and screening, thereby improving construction efficiency and minimizing It eliminates environmental pollution and reduces energy consumption. After the demolition of the concrete wall, the reusable coarse aggregate can be screened from the waste, solving the problem of recycling of engineering waste.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without any creative work based on the disclosed technical content. Modifications, these substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The method for realizing self-cracking and crushing of concrete and recycling of aggregate by utilizing microwave heating is characterized in that the device adopted by the method comprises an aggregate recycling device, a mechanical crushing device and a mechanical supporting device;

the mechanical crushing device is arranged at the upper part of the aggregate recovery device and comprises a microwave heating device, a drilling device, a water supply device and a control center, wherein the microwave heating device is carried by a telescopic and rotating mechanical arm;

the aggregate recovery device comprises a waste collection port corresponding to the microwave heating device and the drilling device, and a stirring barrel positioned at the side of the waste collection port, a double-layer aggregate sieve plate below the stirring barrel and an aggregate collection box;

the mechanical support device is positioned at the bottom of the aggregate recovery device and comprises a hydraulic support column, a support plate and universal wheels;

the control center is respectively connected with the microwave heating device, the drilling device and the water supply device, and performs microwave irradiation, wall drilling, water spraying and crushing on the concrete wall surface to be heated and crushed;

the aggregate recovery device collects, screens and sorts out crushed waste materials;

the method comprises the following steps:

setting a construction area of the concrete surface, the drilling depth and width of the drilling device according to the thickness of the concrete wall surface, and setting the microwave power and heating time of the microwave heating device;

setting the water supply quantity of the water supply device according to the water content of the wall surface;

according to the height of the construction concrete surface, setting the lifting or descending height of the hydraulic support shaft; stirring time of a stirring barrel in the aggregate recycling device;

the drilling device is used for drilling the concrete surface, and the annular pipeline of the water supply device is used for penetrating water into the concrete in the drilling;

when the water content in the concrete reaches 5.75% or more, the water supply device stops water injection; the microwave heating device irradiates and heats the drilling area, the concrete surface is self-cracked, and the mechanical drill bit breaks the self-cracked concrete surface at the same time; waste enters the aggregate recovery device through the waste collection port;

completing the construction operation of the concrete surface in the drilling area, and introducing waste materials into the aggregate recycling device through a waste material collecting plate; starting a stirring barrel and a vibrator, stirring the waste materials into fine materials by the stirring barrel, collecting coarse aggregates by vibrating and screening the fine materials through a double-layer aggregate sieve plate, and discharging cement mortar;

after the concrete wall surface of one construction area is broken, the aggregate recycling device and the mechanical protection device enter the next construction area to repeat the above processes.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the microwave heating device comprises a mechanical arm with one end fixed to a housing of the mechanical protection device, the end of the mechanical arm is connected to a microwave generator through a microwave-controlled rotating device, and an anti-collision and anti-wave-transmission medium is arranged at the front part of the microwave generator.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the drilling device comprises a mechanical arm having one end attached to a housing of the mechanical protection device, the mechanical arm having a drilling rotation device at an end, the drilling rotation device having a mechanical drill bit attached to an end thereof.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the water supply device comprises a mechanical arm with one end fixed to a housing of the mechanical protection device, and the water delivery pipe is communicated with the annular water supply pipe and the wall surface moisture meter through the mechanical arm; the annular water supply pipe adopts an annular pipeline with holes.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein five flexible stirring bars are provided in the stirring barrel, the cross section of the stirring barrel is circular, and the stirring bars comprise a central stirring bar and are symmetrically distributed along the periphery of the central stirring bar along the central bar.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the stirring barrel adopts a metal net-shaped hole structure, and the lower part of the stirring barrel can be opened and closed.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the double-layered aggregate sieve plate is connected to the inner wall of the aggregate recovery device by a hook, and is obliquely arranged below the stirring barrel, and the oblique directions of the double-layered aggregate sieve plate are consistent.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower screen plates along the double-layer aggregate screen plate are provided with screen holes of different apertures, the screen holes of the upper screen plate being larger than the screen holes of the lower screen plate; the double-layer aggregate sieve plate is provided with a vibrator.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the waste collection port is provided with a soft elastic waste collection plate and the outer side wall of the aggregate recovery device is provided with a spring plug.