CN115075308A - Deep settlement displacement monitoring system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Deep settlement displacement monitoring system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115075308A CN115075308A CN202210771691.XA CN202210771691A CN115075308A CN 115075308 A CN115075308 A CN 115075308A CN 202210771691 A CN202210771691 A CN 202210771691A CN 115075308 A CN115075308 A CN 115075308A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2253—Mounting poles or posts to the holder
- E04H12/2269—Mounting poles or posts to the holder in a socket
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
- H01T19/04—Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a deep settlement displacement monitoring system and a construction method thereof, wherein the system comprises: the device comprises an inclinometer pipe, a suspension assembly arranged at the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe, a guide wheel type fixed inclinometer which is sequentially and uniformly suspended on the suspension assembly through a steel wire rope, a water level detection sensor suspended at the lower end of the steel wire rope, a settlement sensor arranged at the lower end of the water level detection sensor, a digital signal acquisition instrument electrically connected with the sensor, a monitoring terminal electrically connected with the digital signal acquisition instrument and an early warning module electrically connected with the monitoring terminal. The invention realizes the three-in-one online monitoring, analysis and comparison of the settlement and displacement of deep geology and the change of underground water level in real time through the high-precision settlement sensor, the horizontal displacement sensor and the water level detection sensor, and can send out early warning prompts when the data are abnormal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological change monitoring, in particular to a deep settlement displacement monitoring system and a construction method thereof.
Background
The occurrence of geological disasters can bring serious threats to lives and property, so that how to make effective early warning for possible geological disasters by monitoring the change of geological data in a normalized mode (particularly the change of deep geological data) becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep layer settlement displacement monitoring system and a construction method thereof, which can realize the three-in-one online monitoring, analysis and comparison of settlement and displacement of deep layer geology and the change of underground water level in real time and can send out early warning prompts when data are abnormal.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a deep settlement displacement monitoring system, the system comprising:
the device comprises an inclinometer pipe which is longitudinally embedded in a foundation to be monitored, wherein the inclinometer pipe comprises a pipe body and 4 guide grooves which are uniformly distributed along the inner side of the pipe body in the circumferential direction;
the suspension component is arranged at the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe;
the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer is arranged in the inclinometer and sequentially and uniformly suspended on the suspension assembly through a steel wire rope;
the water level detection sensor is suspended at the lower end of the steel wire rope;
the sedimentation sensor is arranged at the lower end of the water level detection sensor;
the digital signal acquisition instrument is respectively and electrically connected with the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer, the water level detection sensor and the settlement sensor through cables;
the monitoring terminal is electrically connected with the digital signal acquisition instrument and is used for analyzing data acquired by the water level detection sensor, the sedimentation sensor and the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer and sending a control signal to the early warning module when judging that abnormal data occur in the acquired data;
and the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal.
As an optimization, be equipped with first pier in being close to the ground of deviational survey pipe mouth of pipe part, the deviational survey pipe runs through first pier is buried underground in the ground, and the deviational survey pipe mouth of pipe is equipped with the drill way safety cover, is equipped with the second pier in the ground on one side of first pier, is equipped with ground cage in the second pier, is equipped with the signal frame through the ground cage is fixed in the second pier, one side of signal frame is equipped with the cable protection tube that holds the cable to run through and is used for placing digital signal acquisition appearance's outdoor guard box, and the opposite side passes through the fixed solar panel that is equipped with of solar panel support, the top of signal frame is equipped with global navigation satellite system, is equipped with the lightning rod on the global navigation satellite system.
A construction method of the deep settlement displacement monitoring system as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
1) selecting an inclinometer pipe made of a corresponding material according to the type of a foundation, determining the specification of the inclinometer pipe according to the installation mode and the aperture, and determining the length of a steel wire rope for hoisting and the length of a cable of the inclinometer according to the hole depth and the installation height, wherein the hole depth is determined according to the depth of a sliding slope surface measured by field exploration, and the hole depth is determined by ensuring that a guide wheel type fixed inclinometer at the lowest part of the inclinometer pipe is positioned at the depth below the sliding slope surface;
2) fixedly connecting the inclinometer pipes in sequence through pipe connectors, installing the inclinometer pipe at the lowest end on an upper pipe bottom cover, coating glue at the joint of the inclinometer pipes, and winding and sealing by using an adhesive tape;
3) putting the inclinometer pipe with the joint into a drill hole section by section, when the inclinometer pipe is put down in sections, clamping the inclinometer pipe by a clamp at the top of an orifice to prevent the inclinometer pipe from falling into the hole, tying a cable at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe when the inclinometer pipe is installed deeply, tightening the cable to prevent the joint of the inclinometer pipe from being sheared by stress when the inclinometer pipe is installed, and in the process of sinking the inclinometer pipe, paying attention to prevent the inclinometer pipe guide groove from being spiral due to a gap during installation, keeping the guide groove vertically aligned, and aligning the direction of the orifice guide groove to the observation direction, and paying attention to prevent the inclinometer pipe from being too large in torsion angle to influence the measurement direction during installation and preventing the inclinometer pipe from being too large in bending angle during installation and exceeding the measurement range of an inclinometer;
4) when the inclinometer is confirmed to be installed well, the backfilling can be carried out, water is injected once when the inclinometer is filled to 3-5 m in the backfilling process, the guide groove of the inclinometer can be twisted with the original direction in the installation and backfilling processes, if the inclinometer is twisted with the original direction, and the inclinometer can rotate freely, the orientation of the inclinometer is adjusted, wherein the method comprises the steps of slightly pulling up the inclinometer, slowly rotating the inclinometer and then putting down the inclinometer;
5) firstly, trial placing by using an inclinometer simulator after the installation of the inclinometer pipe is finished, placing two pairs of guide grooves which form an angle of 90 degrees with each other of the inclinometer pipe during trial placing, and requiring the inclinometer simulator to stably and smoothly pass through the guide grooves of the inclinometer pipe from top to bottom and from bottom to top in a trial placing mode and taking the guide grooves as a standard for checking the complete installation of the inclinometer pipe;
6) the installation instrument specifically includes:
6.1) cutting the steel wire rope according to the designed installation depth;
6.2) according to the designed installation depth of each inclination measuring point position, marking the inclination measuring points on the steel wire rope;
6.3) connecting the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole of the cable which is customized in advance with the steel wire rope mark points end to end by using steel wire ropes according to the mounting depth, and assembling the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole and the steel wire rope mark points into measuring units according to the quantity required by a design drawing;
7) the measuring units are put into the inclinometer in sequence, the directions of all guide wheels of all the measuring units are required to be consistent, when the inclinometer is installed, according to the displacement direction to be observed of a measured body, the positive direction of a measuring rod guide wheel is aligned to the main direction of a measuring plane of the inclinometer, the measuring rod guide wheel is slowly slid into the measuring tube, cables of the instrument are straightened, the cables and hoisting steel wire ropes are wound together by a self-locking binding belt at each section of depth without being bound on equipment parts, the hoisting steel wire ropes are fixed on a transverse shaft of an orifice device and locked by a lock catch after being placed to a designed height, the cables are buried according to the design trend, each set of sensors are required to be numbered and recorded in sequence, all the cables are required to be loosened and not tensioned, whether the elevation of the instrument is accurate after the instrument is checked, the hoisting steel wire ropes are pulled, whether the work of each sensor is normal or not is checked by a reading instrument, and then stable initial reading is recorded, if a problem is found, the sensor can be pulled out for reinstallation;
8) an orifice protective cover is arranged at an orifice of the inclinometer pipe;
9) connecting an output cable of the sensor to a digital signal acquisition instrument;
10) and connecting the digital signal acquisition instrument to a computer through a serial port line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the three-in-one online monitoring, analysis and comparison of the settlement and displacement of deep geology and the change of underground water level in real time through the high-precision settlement sensor, the horizontal displacement sensor and the water level detection sensor, and can send out early warning prompts when the data are abnormal.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in the figure:
1-a lightning rod; 2-global navigation satellite system; 3-a solar panel support; 4-a solar panel; 5-outdoor protective box; 6-a signal frame; 7-cable protection tube; 8-ground cage; 9-a second abutment; 10-port protection cap; 11-a suspension assembly; 12-a sedimentation sensor; 13-a first abutment; 14-a inclinometer tube; 15-steel wire rope; 16-a fixed inclinometer with a guide wheel; 17-water immersion sensor; 18-sedimentation probe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a deep settlement displacement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises an inclinometer 14 embedded in a foundation to be monitored along the longitudinal direction, wherein the inclinometer 14 comprises a pipe body and 4 guide grooves which are uniformly distributed along the inner side of the pipe body in the circumferential direction; the suspension component 11 is arranged at the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe 14; a guide wheel type fixed inclinometer 16 which is arranged in the inclinometer tube 14 and sequentially and uniformly suspended on the suspension component 11 through a steel wire rope 15; a water sensor 17 suspended from the lower end of the wire rope 15; the settlement probe 18 is arranged at the lower end of the water sensor 17 and is electrically connected with the settlement sensor 12 arranged on the suspension component 11 through a cable; the digital signal acquisition instrument is respectively and electrically connected with the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer 16, the water sensor 17 and the settlement probe 18 through cables; the monitoring terminal is electrically connected with the digital signal acquisition instrument and is used for analyzing data acquired by the water immersion sensor 17, the sedimentation sensor 12 and the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer 16 and sending a control signal to the early warning module when judging that abnormal data occur in the acquired data; the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal;
in this embodiment, be equipped with first pier 13 in the ground that is close to 14 pipe orifice parts of deviational survey pipes, deviational survey pipe 14 runs through in first pier 13 buries underground in the ground, the 14 pipe orifice of deviational survey pipes is equipped with drill way safety cover 10, is equipped with second pier 9 in the ground on one side of first pier 13, is equipped with ground cage 8 in the second pier 9, is equipped with signal frame 6 through the ground cage 8 is fixed in the second pier 9, one side of signal frame 6 is equipped with holds cable protection tube 7 that the cable runs through and is used for placing digital signal acquisition appearance's outdoor guard box 5, and the opposite side passes through the fixed solar panel 4 that is equipped with of solar panel support 3, the top of signal frame 6 is equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)2, is equipped with lightning rod 1 on the global navigation satellite system 2.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
high accuracy subsides sensor: the device consists of a photoelectric acquisition unit and a mechanical shell device, can record linear distance of 0-450mm of measurement length, and has measurement precision of 0.1 mm. The shell is hard and wear-resistant, pressure-resistant and shock-proof, and is suitable for various severe use occasions such as high temperature, high pressure and the like.
Horizontal displacement sensor (guide wheel type fixed inclinometer): a plurality of displacement sensors are connected in series and hung in the inclinometer, and the inclination angle or displacement of the structure to be measured is measured through the displacement sensors in the measuring rods at different elevations. The sensors can be assembled in series, can also be arranged as a measuring unit to work independently, and can be recycled.
Water level detection sensor: the water level sensor comprises a contact water level sensor and a non-contact water level sensor. The contact type water level sensor is based on the liquid conduction principle, detects whether water exists by using an electrode, and converts the water into switching value output by using the sensor; the non-contact water level sensor detects by utilizing the refraction and reflection principles of light on different medium sections, and the sensor consists of an LED and a photoelectric receiver.
The underground electromagnetic emission head is packaged in the stainless steel cylinder to ensure the control of directionality and divergence and more concentrate the emission energy, and the stainless steel cylinder can be well pressed on the underground medium because the self weight of the stainless steel cylinder is 3000 g. The method adopts a profile method to measure, and transmits high-frequency pulse electromagnetic waves to a detection target to detect. Wave polarization is an important characteristic of electromagnetic waves, when anisotropy exists in different geological environment (rocks, sand gravel, soil texture and water content) media, reflection echo time of plane waves incident in a linear polarization mode can be changed in different ways, and data related to density and settlement of underground media can be obtained by measuring initial reflection time and current reflection time change of reflected radar waves. The underground settlement monitoring composite device is formed by skillfully using the tensile cable as a columnar receiving antenna and connecting the tensile cable with a metering sensor on the ground, and then a whole set of deep displacement settlement monitoring equipment is formed by using the GNSS earth surface measurement base station for assistance.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the deep settlement displacement monitoring system, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting an inclinometer pipe made of a corresponding material according to the type of the foundation, determining the specification of the inclinometer pipe according to the installation mode and the aperture, and determining the length of a steel wire rope for hoisting and the length of a cable of an inclinometer according to the hole depth and the installation height. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1.1) the common inclinometer pipe types comprise an aluminum alloy pipe, an ABS engineering plastic pipe and a PVC polyvinyl chloride plastic pipe, and the inclinometer pipe is provided with a 4-direction positioning groove; the aluminum alloy pipe is generally applied to rock-soil slopes and harder foundations, and has the defect of poor corrosion resistance. The plastic pipe is generally applied to soil foundations and soft foundations, and has the defect that the plastic pipe is easy to warp when exposed to sunlight at high temperature for a long time, so that the plastic pipe is prevented from being placed at the sunlight at high temperature for a long time;
1.2) the installation mode mainly comprises a drilling and burying method, a pre-buried installation method (suitable for earth and rockfill dams) and a binding method (suitable for foundation piles), and the common installation mode is the drilling and burying method, and the specification of the inclinometer pipe is determined according to the aperture of the drilled hole. Such as: and (3) drilling a hole with the aperture of 110mm, adopting the specification of an inclinometer: the outer diameter is less than or equal to 70 mm;
1.3) determining the hole depth according to the depth of the landslide surface measured by field exploration, wherein the hole depth is determined by ensuring that a guide wheel type fixed inclinometer at the lowest part of an inclinometer pipe is positioned at the depth below the landslide surface, preferably entering rock, and determining the length of a cable of the inclinometer needs to be customized in advance by a manufacturer.
2) Installation inclinometer pipe joint
2.1) installing an upper pipe bottom cover (with a hole) on the inclinometer pipe, and fixing the inclinometer pipe by using screws or glue;
2.2) the inclinometer pipe is connected with the inclinometer pipe through a pipe joint, the inclinometer pipe joint is usually 180mm in standard length, and a reserved mounting screw hole is formed in the joint. Aligning the inclinometer pipe with the chute of the connecting pipe when the joint is installed, and screwing the joint tightly by using a rivet (aluminum alloy pipe) or a self-tapping screw (PVC pipe) with attention paid to the fact that the screw does not pierce through the inner wall of the pipe;
2.3) after the joint is fixed, coating glue (glass cement) on the joint, and winding and sealing by using an adhesive tape to prevent slurry from entering;
when installing the inclinometer pipe in a foundation with greater settlement, a sliding joint may be used, as such a joint leaves a sliding channel for settlement, the length of the joint pipe being adapted to slide with greater settlement.
3) The method includes the steps that an inclinometer pipe provided with a joint is placed in a drill hole section by section, when the inclinometer pipe is placed in a section mode, a clamp is used for clamping the inclinometer pipe on an orifice top to prevent the inclinometer pipe from falling into the hole, when the inclinometer pipe is installed in a deep layer, a cable is tied to the bottom of the inclinometer pipe, the cable is tightened to prevent the joint of the inclinometer pipe from being cut off under stress during installation, and in addition, in many cases, in order to overcome the buoyancy of the inclinometer pipe installed in water or a drill hole made of slurry, the inclinometer pipe needs to be filled with water to increase the gravity of the inclinometer pipe to overcome the buoyancy, so that the inside pressure and the outside pressure are consistent and external slurry can be prevented from entering. In the process of sinking the inclinometer, attention is paid to prevent the inclinometer from generating a spiral guide groove of the inclinometer due to a gap during installation, the guide groove is kept aligned up and down, the direction of the guide groove of the orifice is aligned with the observation direction, attention is paid to prevent the inclination angle of the inclinometer from being too large in the installation process to influence the measurement direction, and meanwhile, the bending angle of the inclinometer during installation is prevented from being too large to exceed the measurement range of the inclinometer.
4) When the inclinometer is determined to be installed well, the inclinometer can be backfilled, and the backfilling is generally carried out by using bentonite balls or original soil sand. The backfill materials which can be adopted by the inclinometer pipe arranged in the soft soil foundation or the earth and rockfill dam are as follows: bentonite balls, sandy soil and in-situ materials. The inclinometer pipe arranged in the rock-soil slope or the concrete dam can be backfilled by adopting expansive cement
When the backfill is carried out, water is injected once when the backfill is carried out to 3-5 meters, the guide groove of the inclinometer pipe can be twisted with the original direction in the installation and backfill processes, if the situation occurs, and the inclinometer pipe can rotate freely, the orientation of the inclinometer pipe is adjusted by slightly pulling up the inclinometer pipe, slowly rotating the inclinometer pipe and then putting down the inclinometer pipe.
5) After the installation of the inclinometer pipe is finished, firstly, trial placing is carried out by using an inclinometer simulator, two pairs of guide grooves which form an angle of 90 degrees with each other of the inclinometer pipe are placed in trial placing, and trial placing requires that the inclinometer simulator can stably and smoothly pass through the guide grooves of the inclinometer pipe from top to bottom and from bottom to top, and the inclinometer simulator is used as a standard for checking the complete installation of the inclinometer pipe.
6) The installation instrument specifically includes:
6.1) adopting a stainless steel wire rope with the diameter of 4mm, and cutting the wire rope according to the designed installation depth (the designed depth is 25 cm);
6.2) according to the designed installation depth of each inclination measuring point, marking on the steel wire rope. The thickness of the soil layer is generally 5 meters, and an inclinometer is also arranged at the boundary of the soil layer and the boundary of the pattern layer and the rock;
6.3) connecting the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole of the cable which is customized in advance with the steel wire rope mark points end to end by using the steel wire rope according to the mounting depth, and assembling the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole and the steel wire rope mark points into individual measuring units according to the quantity required by the design drawing.
7) The measuring units are put into the inclinometer in sequence, the directions of all guide wheels of all the measuring units are required to be consistent, when the inclinometer is installed, according to the displacement direction to be observed of a measured body, the positive direction of a measuring rod guide wheel is aligned to the main direction of a measuring plane of the inclinometer, the measuring rod guide wheel is slowly slid into the measuring tube, cables of the instrument are straightened, the cables and hoisting steel wire ropes are wound together by a self-locking binding belt at each section of depth without being bound on equipment parts, the hoisting steel wire ropes are fixed on a transverse shaft of an orifice device and locked by a lock catch after being placed to a designed height, the cables are buried according to the design trend, each set of sensors are required to be numbered and recorded in sequence, all the cables are required to be loosened and not tensioned, whether the elevation of the instrument is accurate after the instrument is checked, the hoisting steel wire ropes are pulled, whether the work of each sensor is normal or not is checked by a reading instrument, and then stable initial reading is recorded, if a problem is found, the sensor can be pulled out for reinstallation;
8) the orifice of the inclinometer pipe is provided with an orifice protective cover. In order to prevent impurities from entering, a protective cover is arranged at the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe. The pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe exposed on the ground can be provided with a steel pipe protection device with a cover to prevent artificial damage. Mortar is poured between the inclinometer pipe and the steel pipe protection pipe, and the distance between the inclinometer pipe orifice and the solidified mortar surface and the distance between the inclinometer pipe orifice and the top cover of the steel pipe protection pipe are both about 100 mm. The peripheral ground of the steel pipe protection device can be made into a concrete pier to enhance the stability of the pipe orifice, the inclinometer pipe protection pier should stretch into the ground for less than 0.5 m, and displacement and settlement observation punctuations can be arranged on the pier.
9) The equipment is measured and is used ACI-D32 type digital signal collection appearance, and the output cable of sensor is four-core shielded cable, and black, red are the power end, and white, green are the signal end, inserts the output cable of equipment on the draw-in groove that digital collection appearance corresponds, then disposes digital collection appearance on IOT thing networking platform, inputs the information such as the address of inclinometer, can gather equipment's reading.
10) And installing configuration software on the computer, connecting the inclinometer and the computer by using a serial port line after the installation is finished, supplying power to the equipment and then opening the software, wherein the configuration software can be used for modifying the serial number and the address of the sensor and checking the data of the inclinometer in unit degree.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A deep settlement displacement monitoring system, the system comprising:
the device comprises an inclinometer pipe which is longitudinally embedded in a foundation to be monitored, wherein the inclinometer pipe comprises a pipe body and 4 guide grooves which are uniformly distributed along the inner side of the pipe body in the circumferential direction;
the suspension component is arranged at the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe;
the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer is arranged in the inclinometer and sequentially and uniformly suspended on the suspension assembly through a steel wire rope;
the water level detection sensor is suspended at the lower end of the steel wire rope;
the sedimentation sensor is arranged at the lower end of the water level detection sensor;
the digital signal acquisition instrument is respectively and electrically connected with the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer, the water level detection sensor and the settlement sensor through cables;
the monitoring terminal is electrically connected with the digital signal acquisition instrument and is used for analyzing data acquired by the water level detection sensor, the sedimentation sensor and the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer and sending a control signal to the early warning module when judging that abnormal data occur in the acquired data;
and the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a first abutment is arranged in a foundation close to the pipe orifice portion of the inclinometer, the inclinometer penetrates through the first abutment and is buried in the foundation, the pipe orifice of the inclinometer is provided with an orifice protecting cover, a second abutment is arranged in the foundation beside the first abutment, a ground cage is arranged in the second abutment, a signal frame is fixedly arranged in the second abutment through the ground cage, a cable protecting pipe for accommodating the through cable and an outdoor protecting box for placing a digital signal acquisition instrument are arranged on one side of the signal frame, a solar panel is fixedly arranged on the other side of the signal frame through a solar panel support, a global navigation satellite system is arranged at the top of the signal frame, and a lightning rod is arranged on the global navigation satellite system.
3. A method of constructing a deep settlement displacement monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
1) selecting an inclinometer pipe made of a corresponding material according to the type of a foundation, determining the specification of the inclinometer pipe according to the installation mode and the aperture, and determining the length of a steel wire rope for hoisting and the length of a cable of the inclinometer according to the hole depth and the installation height, wherein the hole depth is determined according to the depth of a sliding slope surface measured by field exploration, and the hole depth is determined by ensuring that a guide wheel type fixed inclinometer at the lowest part of the inclinometer pipe is positioned at the depth below the sliding slope surface;
2) fixedly connecting the inclinometer pipes in sequence through pipe connectors, installing the inclinometer pipe at the lowest end on an upper pipe bottom cover, coating glue at the joint of the inclinometer pipes, and winding and sealing by using an adhesive tape;
3) putting the inclinometer pipe with the joint into a drill hole section by section, when the inclinometer pipe is put down in sections, clamping the inclinometer pipe by a clamp at the top of an orifice to prevent the inclinometer pipe from falling into the hole, tying a cable at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe when the inclinometer pipe is installed deeply, tightening the cable to prevent the joint of the inclinometer pipe from being sheared by stress when the inclinometer pipe is installed, and in the process of sinking the inclinometer pipe, paying attention to prevent the inclinometer pipe guide groove from being spiral due to a gap during installation, keeping the guide groove vertically aligned, and aligning the direction of the orifice guide groove to the observation direction, and paying attention to prevent the inclinometer pipe from being too large in torsion angle to influence the measurement direction during installation and preventing the inclinometer pipe from being too large in bending angle during installation and exceeding the measurement range of an inclinometer;
4) when the inclinometer is confirmed to be installed well, the backfilling can be carried out, water is injected once when the inclinometer is filled to 3-5 m in the backfilling process, the guide groove of the inclinometer can be twisted with the original direction in the installation and backfilling processes, if the inclinometer is twisted with the original direction, and the inclinometer can rotate freely, the orientation of the inclinometer is adjusted, wherein the method comprises the steps of slightly pulling up the inclinometer, slowly rotating the inclinometer and then putting down the inclinometer;
5) firstly, trial placing by using an inclinometer simulator after the installation of the inclinometer pipe is finished, wherein two pairs of guide grooves which form an angle of 90 degrees with each other of the inclinometer pipe are placed in the trial placing process, and the trial placing requires that the inclinometer simulator can stably and smoothly pass through the guide grooves of the inclinometer pipe from top to bottom and from bottom to top, and the guide grooves are used as a standard for detecting the good installation of the inclinometer pipe;
6) the installation instrument specifically includes:
6.1) cutting the steel wire rope according to the designed installation depth;
6.2) according to the designed installation depth of each inclination measuring point position, marking the inclination measuring points on the steel wire rope;
6.3) connecting the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole of the cable which is customized in advance with the steel wire rope mark points end to end by using steel wire ropes according to the mounting depth, and assembling the guide wheel type fixed inclinometer top mounting hole and the steel wire rope mark points into measuring units according to the quantity required by a design drawing;
7) the measuring units are put into the inclinometer in sequence, the directions of all guide wheels of all the measuring units are required to be consistent, when the inclinometer is installed, according to the displacement direction to be observed of a measured body, the positive direction of a measuring rod guide wheel is aligned to the main direction of a measuring plane of the inclinometer, the measuring rod guide wheel is slowly slid into the measuring tube, cables of the instrument are straightened, the cables and hoisting steel wire ropes are wound together by a self-locking binding belt at each section of depth without being bound on equipment parts, the hoisting steel wire ropes are fixed on a transverse shaft of an orifice device and locked by a lock catch after being placed to a designed height, the cables are buried according to the design trend, each set of sensors are required to be numbered and recorded in sequence, all the cables are required to be loosened and not tensioned, whether the elevation of the instrument is accurate after the instrument is checked, the hoisting steel wire ropes are pulled, whether the work of each sensor is normal or not is checked by a reading instrument, and then stable initial reading is recorded, if a problem is found, the sensor can be pulled out for reinstallation;
8) an orifice protective cover is arranged at an orifice of the inclinometer pipe;
9) connecting an output cable of the sensor to a digital signal acquisition instrument;
10) and connecting the digital signal acquisition instrument to a computer through a serial port line.
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