CN115075278B - Progressive soil sampling sinking construction system and method for oversized open caisson step in water - Google Patents
Progressive soil sampling sinking construction system and method for oversized open caisson step in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN115075278B CN115075278B CN202210710226.5A CN202210710226A CN115075278B CN 115075278 B CN115075278 B CN 115075278B CN 202210710226 A CN202210710226 A CN 202210710226A CN 115075278 B CN115075278 B CN 115075278B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
Abstract
The application discloses a progressive soil sampling sinking construction system for an oversized open caisson step in water, which comprises the following steps: open caisson, multi-functional barge, soil sampling platform, pipeline and broken equipment of getting earth, multi-functional barge is located open caisson side, integrated water supply equipment and air supply equipment on the multi-functional barge, soil sampling platform set up in open caisson top, the pipeline includes air supply pipe and delivery pipe, broken equipment of getting earth set up in on the soil sampling platform and including air suction dredge, double-end reamer equipment and the coaxial jet equipment of air and water, it corresponds respectively through air supply pipe and delivery pipe connection water supply equipment and air supply equipment, air suction dredge is connected with the mud pipe. The application also discloses a progressive soil taking and sinking construction method for the oversized open caisson step in water. The system integrates the equipment and the pipelines to ensure that the equipment and the pipelines are not interfered with each other, the pipeline arrangement is regular, the method adopts step progressive soil sampling, the construction efficiency is high, and the construction safety is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of open caisson construction. More particularly, the application relates to a progressive soil sampling sinking construction system and method for an oversized open caisson step in water.
Background
The open caisson is a tubular structure, which is formed by excavating soil in the well, overcoming the friction resistance of the well wall by self gravity, sinking to the designed elevation, sealing the bottom by concrete and filling the well hole, so that the open caisson becomes the foundation of bridge abutment or other structures. With the major direction of bridge development of large-span and heavy-load bridges, open caisson foundation application is becoming wider and wider.
But the large open caisson has large plane size and deep soil entering depth, the open caisson is very complicated in soil taking and sinking construction, particularly, the open caisson is used for taking out soil in water, various soil taking devices and lifting devices are needed, power supply, water supply and air supply are needed, and soil is conveyed out of the open caisson through a mud discharge pipeline after being taken out through the soil taking devices, and is transported to the shore after being treated. The traditional open caisson soil sampling equipment, pipelines and the like are disordered, equipment operation is interfered with each other, and soil sampling construction efficiency is affected. The mud discharge lines are arranged randomly, so that the mud water is difficult to collect and treat in a concentrated manner, and suspended matter pollution is very easy to cause to the water body. In addition, in the soil sampling process of the large open caisson construction, the risks of sand burst, sudden settlement and structural cracking are large, and the conventional soil sampling construction method of the large open caisson cannot meet the requirements of high efficiency and safe soil sampling and settlement of the large open caisson.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a progressive soil sampling sinking construction system and method for a step of an oversized open caisson in water, wherein all equipment and pipelines are highly integrated in the system, so that the equipment is not interfered with each other, the pipelines are distributed regularly, the progressive soil sampling is adopted in the method, the construction efficiency is high, and the construction safety is high.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the application, there is provided a system for progressively taking earth and sinking a step of an open caisson in water, comprising: open caisson, multi-functional barge, soil sampling platform, pipeline and broken equipment of getting earth, multi-functional barge is located open caisson side, integrated water supply equipment and air supply equipment on the multi-functional barge, soil sampling platform set up in open caisson top, the pipeline includes air supply pipe and delivery pipe, broken equipment of getting earth set up in on the soil sampling platform and including air suction dredge, double-end reamer equipment and the coaxial jet equipment of air and water, it corresponds respectively through air supply pipe and delivery pipe connection water supply equipment and air supply equipment, air suction dredge is connected with the mud pipe.
Preferably, the water supply equipment comprises a multistage centrifugal pump and a water supply main pipe, the air supply equipment comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank and the air supply main pipe, the water supply main pipe is communicated with each water supply pipe, and the air compressor is communicated with the air storage tank and then is communicated with each air supply pipe through the air supply main pipe.
Preferably, the soil sampling platform comprises a track beam and a gantry crane, wherein the track beam is arranged along the top of the open caisson, the gantry crane is arranged on the track beam, and the soil breaking and sampling equipment is hung and installed on the gantry crane.
Preferably, the air supply pipe, the water supply pipe and the mud discharge pipe are all steel pipes and are arranged in parallel and side by side, and the air supply pipe, the water supply pipe and the mud discharge pipe are arranged into a plurality of modularized units after being integrated side by side, and are assembled and installed on the soil sampling platform.
Preferably, the sludge-water separation system further comprises a sludge-water separation ship, a sludge barge, a sludge water tank, a vibrating screen and a sedimentation tank, wherein the sludge water tank, the vibrating screen and the sedimentation tank are arranged on the sludge water separation ship, the sludge water separation ship is arranged on the outer side of the open caisson, the sludge water tank is symmetrically provided with a pair of vibrating screens in order to separate sludge water in a vibrating manner, the bottom of the sludge water tank is provided with a sludge discharge port communicated with the sludge barge, the sedimentation tank is communicated between the pair of sludge water tanks, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is provided with a water discharge port, and the lower part of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a sludge discharge port communicated with the sludge barge.
Preferably, the multifunctional barge is provided with a pair and is positioned at both ends of the diagonal line of the open caisson, respectively.
Preferably, the mud-water separation system is symmetrically arranged along two sides of the open caisson.
The application also provides a progressive soil taking and sinking construction method for the oversized open caisson step in water, which comprises the following steps:
step one: the first stage of soil taking is that the inner ring soil taking is carried out, the soil is taken in the inner ring well hole of the open caisson through an air suction dredge, the soil in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson is not taken, and the sinking amount of the open caisson is small at the moment;
step two: the second stage of soil taking is that the outer ring soil taking is performed, soil is taken in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson through an air suction dredge, but soil near the outer edge foot part in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson is reserved, the soil taking depth of the outer ring is smaller than the soil taking depth of the inner ring, and the open caisson begins to sink at the moment;
step three: the third stage of soil taking, namely, the dead zone is broken, and the dead zone is broken in the partition wall and the shear key soil taking dead zone through the gas-water coaxial jet equipment, so that the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson forms a step;
step four: and in the fourth stage, taking out soil, namely taking out broken soil in a full section, taking out soil or breaking the soil in a well hole of an inner ring of the open caisson through an air suction dredge and an air-water coaxial jet device at the same time after the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson forms a step, and taking out the soil in a well hole of an outer ring of the open caisson, wherein the open caisson keeps a stable sinking state until the open caisson sinks to a preset depth.
Preferably, the depth of soil taken from the inner ring well hole of the open caisson in the step one is not more than 2m.
The application at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the application, the soil taking equipment and the lifting equipment, namely the gantry crane, are highly integrated, so that the problems of messy operation and mutual interference of equipment in the traditional soil taking equipment and pipelines are solved, meanwhile, the concentrated collection of the muddy water is realized, the muddy water is discharged after the precipitation is separated, the pollution of the water body by the muddy water suspension is avoided, and the environmental protection sinking of the open caisson is realized.
(2) The application adopts a plurality of soil taking processes to cooperate, can realize progressive soil taking (blind areas) of steps, adopts a gas lift soil taking process as a whole, adopts an electric reamer, gas-water coaxial jet equipment and the like to damage soil aiming at special soil layers such as clay layers, cemented sand layers and the like and soil taking blind areas, and then lifts soil again after the soil is damaged, thereby improving the soil taking efficiency and the soil taking depth control precision.
(3) Compared with large bottom soil sampling, the step progressive soil sampling adopted by the application strictly controls the excessive digging depth of the open caisson, simultaneously reserves the soil body of the well hole part of the outer ring of the open caisson, and avoids the sand burst and sudden sinking risks of the open caisson; compared with the small pot bottom for taking out soil, the soil body support of the dead zone of the inner ring part of the open caisson is effectively relieved, the condition that the open caisson is difficult to sink or sinks slowly is avoided, and the sinking speed of the open caisson is greatly improved. Compared with the fine soil sampling methods such as a cross slot-pulling method, the soil sampling method has the advantages that after the steps are formed, the soil can be sampled synchronously and massively at the inner ring and part of the outer ring of the open caisson, and the soil sampling efficiency is greatly improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a progressive soil sampling sinking construction system for an oversized open caisson step in water;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-functional barge according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view of the soil sampling platform according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the soil sampling platform according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pipeline layout of the soil sampling platform according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the soil sampling platform according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a soil breaking and taking apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the mud-water separation system of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic elevation view of a progressive soil sampling construction method for steps according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a progressive soil pick-up construction method for steps according to the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the inner ring soil pick-up according to the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the outer ring soil pick-up according to the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the inner ring blind zone earth breaking according to the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a full section earth breaking according to the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-open caisson; 2-an inner ring well; 3-outer ring well bore; 4-a soil sampling blind area; 5-an outer blade leg; 6, partition walls; 7, a shear key;
10-a multi-functional barge; 11-a multistage centrifugal pump; 12-an air compressor; 13, a gas storage tank; 14-a main air supply pipe; 15-a water supply main pipe;
20-a soil taking platform; 21-an air supply pipe; 22-a water supply pipe; 23-a mud pipe; 24-construction of a cable bridge; 25-track beams; 26-a gantry crane;
30-an air suction dredge; 31-double-ended reamer apparatus; 32-gas-water coaxial jet equipment;
40-a mud-water separation ship; 41-a mud water tank; 42-vibrating screen; 43-a sedimentation tank; 44-a water drain; 45-a mud discharging port; 50-mud barge.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the application by referring to the description.
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; in the description of the present application, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present application provides a progressive soil sampling sinking construction system for an oversized open caisson step in water, comprising: the multifunctional barge 10 is located beside the open caisson 1, water supply equipment and air supply equipment are integrated on the multifunctional barge 10, the open caisson 1 is provided with the soil sampling platform 20, the pipeline comprises an air supply pipe 21 and a water supply pipe 22, the soil sampling equipment is arranged on the soil sampling platform 20 and comprises an air suction dredge 30, a double-head reamer device 31 and an air-water coaxial jet device 32, the air suction dredge 30 is correspondingly connected with the water supply equipment and the air supply equipment through the air supply pipe 21 and the water supply pipe 22, and the air suction dredge 30 is connected with a mud discharge pipe 23.
In the above technical solution, the multifunctional barge 10 is correspondingly integrated with a power supply device, which is used for supplying power to each device corresponding to the sinking and soil taking of the open caisson 1, and the pipeline also includes a power supply pipe, which is identical to the water supply pipe 22 and the air supply pipe 21 in both arrangement and connection modes. The traditional construction method for sinking and taking out soil of the open caisson 1 is different from the construction method of the application, the traditional construction method generally only needs an air suction dredge 30, only needs to arrange an air supply pipe 21 and a power supply pipe, and the application carries out reasonable configuration of soil taking equipment aiming at different soil layer distribution in the soil taking and sinking stage of the open caisson 1: each well hole is provided with a set of air dredge 30 which is used as main soil taking equipment and is mainly responsible for taking soil in the vertical direction of the well hole of the open caisson 1; for special soil layers such as powdery clay and cemented sand layers, a modularized electric double-head reamer device 31 capable of being quickly disassembled and assembled is arranged on the basis of an air dredger 30, and every two modularized electric double-head reamer devices are fixed on one gas lift soil taking device to cut the clay and cemented sand layers in a mechanical damage mode; when the dead zone soil taking is needed, the air-water coaxial jet device 32 is installed and is mainly responsible for breaking the soil in the dead zone 4 of the soil taking, and the high-pressure air curtain is used for boosting the high-pressure water to finish the cutting of the clay in a mode of air-water mixing. The water supply pipe 22 and the air supply pipe 21 for hydraulic breaking and air lifting soil taking are intensively supplied to the soil taking platform 20 on the top surface of the open caisson 1 by the multifunctional barge 10 arranged along the upper and downstream of the open caisson 1. Each soil breaking and taking device is connected with a corresponding air supply pipe 21 and a corresponding water supply pipe 22 according to the requirement.
In another technical scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the water supply device comprises a multistage centrifugal pump 11 and a water supply main pipe 15, the air supply device comprises an air compressor 12, an air storage tank 13 and a water supply main pipe 14, the water supply main pipe 15 is communicated with each water supply pipe 22, and the air compressor 12 is communicated with the air storage tank 13 and then is communicated with each air supply pipe 21 through the water supply main pipe 14. The air supply main pipe 14 and the water supply main pipe 15 are connected with the corresponding air supply pipe 21 and water supply pipe 22 on the soil sampling platform 20 on the top surface of the open caisson 1, and the multifunctional barge 10 is used for leading shore power to the top surface of the open caisson 1, and is used for supplying water and air for the soil sampling equipment on the top surface of the open caisson 1 through the integrated arrangement of the air compressor 12, the multistage centrifugal pump 11 and other equipment, so that the soil sampling and sinking construction safety of the open caisson 1 is effectively ensured.
In another technical scheme, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the soil sampling platform 20 comprises a track beam 25 and a gantry crane 26, the track beam 25 is arranged along the top of the open caisson 1, the gantry crane 26 is arranged on the track beam 25, and the soil breaking and sampling devices are all hung and installed on the gantry crane 26. The soil taking platform 20 and the pipeline are arranged at the top of the open caisson 1, and the track of the gantry crane 26, namely the track beam 25, the gantry crane 26, the power supply/water/gas pipeline, the mud discharging pipeline 23 and the like are arranged on the soil taking platform 20, so that the soil taking platform is mainly used for providing a platform for the soil taking operation of the open caisson 1.
In another technical solution, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the air supply pipe 21, the water supply pipe 22 and the mud discharging pipe 23 are all steel pipes and are arranged in parallel and side by side, and the air supply pipe 21, the water supply pipe 22 and the mud discharging pipe 23 are integrated side by side and then are arranged into a plurality of modularized units, which are assembled and mounted on the soil sampling platform 20.
In the above technical scheme, the conventional open caisson 1 is sunk to remove soil without water, so that water supply equipment is not needed, an integrated water supply pipe 22 is not needed, only an air supply pipe 21 and a power supply pipe are needed, each pipeline in the conventional construction method is required to be manufactured and installed on the soil removing platform 20 by a single section, and the conventional pipeline uses a hose, and a flexible wire is pulled up to be disordered, so that the installation is complicated, and the construction efficiency is low. The application adopts modularization, each pipeline is connected on the shore to form an integrated module, and then the integrated module is directly assembled on the soil sampling platform 20, so that rapid assembly is realized, and the pipelines are not interfered with each other and are regular. The water supply pipe and the air supply pipe 21 are arranged in parallel, and can convey high-pressure water and high-pressure air generated by the multistage centrifugal pump 11 and the air compressor 12 on the multifunctional barge 10 to each well hole of the open caisson 1. The dredge pipe 23 can drain all the earth removed from the well bores and concentrate it to the mud-water separator vessel 40. The soil sampling platform 20 is integrated with the air supply pipe 21, the water supply pipe 22, the sludge discharge pipe 23, the construction cable bridge 24, the track beam 25 and the like, meets the modularized design and installation requirements, is installed on the top of the open caisson 1, and the gantry crane 26 is arranged on the track beam 25.
In another technical scheme, as shown in fig. 8, the sludge-water separation system further comprises a sludge-water separation ship 40, a sludge-water barge 50, a sludge-water tank 41 arranged on the sludge-water separation ship 40, a vibrating screen 42 and a sedimentation tank 43, wherein the sludge-water separation ship 40 is arranged on the outer side of the open caisson 1, the sludge-water tank 41 is symmetrically provided with a pair of the sludge-water separation ships 40, the vibrating screen 42 is arranged in the sludge-water tank 41 to separate sludge in a vibrating manner, a sludge discharge port 45 is arranged at the bottom of the sludge-water tank 41 and communicated with the sludge-water barge 50, the sedimentation tank 43 is communicated between the pair of the sludge-water tanks 41, a water discharge port 44 is arranged at the upper part of the sedimentation tank 43, and a sludge discharge port 45 is also arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation tank 43 and communicated with the sludge-water barge 50.
In the technical scheme, the traditional construction method has the defects that muddy water is directly discharged from the river, and pollution is serious. The mud-water separation ship 40 mainly comprises a mud-water tank 41, a vibrating screen 42 and a sedimentation tank 43, and can separate mud and water taken out by the soil taking equipment, and the mud and water are discharged from the river and transported to the shore by a mud ship. When the open caisson 1 is used for taking out soil, the mud-water mixture discharged from each well hole is gathered and enters the mud-water tank 41 of the mud-water separation vessel 40 through the mud discharging pipe 23. The mud-water mixture is distributed to two vibrating screens 42 by a mud-water tank 41, slag with the grain diameter of more than 1mm is separated by screening by the vibrating screens 42, and is discharged to a mud barge 50 through a mud discharge port 45 arranged at the bottom of the mud-water tank 41. The mud-water mixture with the grain size smaller than 1mm is discharged into a sedimentation tank 43, after physical sedimentation, surface clean water is discharged into the river through a water drain port 44, and bottom slag is transferred into an adjacent mud barge 50 through a bottom mud discharge port 45.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional barge 10 is provided with a pair of the multifunctional barges at both ends of the diagonal line of the open caisson 1. The mud-water separation system is symmetrically arranged along two sides of the open caisson 1.
The application also provides a construction method for progressively taking out soil and sinking the step of the oversized open caisson 1 in water, as shown in figures 9 to 14, the progressive soil taking out of the step of the open caisson 1 can take out soil at the same time on the premise of retaining part of soil body of the outer ring well hole 3, meanwhile, the soil body support of the soil taking dead zone 4 of the open caisson 1 is relieved by utilizing dead zone breaking equipment, and the safe, controllable and stable sinking of the open caisson 1 can be realized on the premise of ensuring the soil taking and sinking efficacy of the open caisson 1, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: the first stage of soil taking is that the inner ring is used for taking the soil, as shown in fig. 11, the soil is taken in the inner ring well hole 2 of the open caisson 1 through the air suction dredge 30, the soil body in the outer ring well hole 3 of the open caisson 1 is not taken, the soil taking depth is determined according to calculation, the soil taking depth is generally not more than 2m (particularly determined according to calculation), and at the moment, the open caisson 1 sinks less under the supporting action of the soil bodies of the outer well wall and the inner partition wall 6;
step two: the second stage of soil taking is outer ring soil taking, as shown in fig. 12, the soil is taken in the outer ring well hole 3 of the open caisson 1 through an air suction dredge 30, but partial soil close to the outer cutting edge 5 in the outer ring well hole 3 of the open caisson 1 is reserved, and the outer ring soil taking depth is smaller than the inner ring soil taking depth; the width and depth of the steps are comprehensively determined according to the state, geological conditions and the like of the open caisson 1, and the open caisson 1 begins to sink at the moment;
step three: in the third stage, the earth is taken out, namely the earth is broken in a blind area, as shown in fig. 13, by blind hole in the earth taking blind area 4 of the partition wall 6 and the shear key 7 through the air-water coaxial jet equipment 32, the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson 1 forms a step;
step four: fourth stage is to take out soil, namely full section is to take out broken soil, as shown in fig. 14, after the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson 1 forms a step, the soil or the broken soil is taken out in the inner ring well hole 2 of the open caisson 1 through the air suction dredge 30 and the air-water coaxial jet device 32 at the same time, the soil is taken out in the outer ring well hole 3 of the open caisson 1, and the open caisson 1 keeps a stable sinking state until the open caisson 1 sinks to a preset depth.
Although embodiments of the present application have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the application would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The progressive soil sampling and sinking construction method for the extra-large open caisson step in water is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the multifunctional barge is positioned beside the open caisson, the multifunctional barge is integrated with water supply equipment and air supply equipment, the soil taking platform is arranged at the top of the open caisson, the pipeline comprises an air supply pipe and a water supply pipe, the soil breaking and taking equipment is arranged on the soil taking platform and comprises an air suction dredge, a double-head reamer device and an air-water coaxial jet device, the air suction dredge is correspondingly connected with the water supply equipment and the air supply equipment through the air supply pipe and the water supply pipe respectively, and the air suction dredge is connected with a mud discharge pipe;
the soil taking platform comprises a track beam and a gantry crane, wherein the track beam is arranged along the top of the open caisson, the gantry crane is arranged on the track beam, and the soil breaking and taking equipment is hung and installed on the gantry crane;
the air supply pipe, the water supply pipe and the mud discharge pipe are all steel pipes and are arranged in parallel and side by side, and are arranged into a plurality of modularized units after being integrated side by side and are assembled and installed on the soil sampling platform;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the first stage of soil taking is that the inner ring soil taking is carried out, the soil is taken in the inner ring well hole of the open caisson through an air suction dredge, the soil in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson is not taken, and the sinking amount of the open caisson is small at the moment;
step two: the second stage of soil taking is that the outer ring soil taking is performed, soil is taken in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson through an air suction dredge, but soil near the outer edge foot part in the outer ring well hole of the open caisson is reserved, the soil taking depth of the outer ring is smaller than the soil taking depth of the inner ring, and the open caisson begins to sink at the moment;
step three: the third stage of soil taking, namely, breaking the soil in a dead zone, namely, breaking the soil in the dead zone of the soil taking of the partition wall and the shear key through the air-water coaxial jet equipment, so that the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson forms a step;
step four: and in the fourth stage, taking out soil, namely taking out broken soil in a full section, taking out soil or breaking the soil in a well hole of an inner ring of the open caisson through an air suction dredge and an air-water coaxial jet device at the same time after the mud surface at the bottom of the open caisson forms a step, and taking out the soil in a well hole of an outer ring of the open caisson, wherein the open caisson keeps a stable sinking state until the open caisson sinks to a preset depth.
2. The method for progressively taking out and sinking soil for the step of an oversized open caisson in water according to claim 1, wherein the depth of soil taken out from the inner well bore of the open caisson in the first step is not more than 2m.
3. The method for progressively taking out soil and sinking in water for the ultra-large open caisson step according to claim 1, wherein the water supply equipment comprises a multistage centrifugal pump and a main water supply pipe, the main water supply pipe is communicated with each water supply pipe, and the air compressor is communicated with the air storage tank and then is communicated with each air supply pipe through the main air supply pipe.
4. The construction method for progressively taking out and sinking soil of the ultra-large open caisson step in water according to claim 3, further comprising a mud-water separation system, wherein the mud-water separation system comprises a mud-water separation ship, a mud barge, a mud water tank, a vibrating screen and a sedimentation tank, the mud-water separation ship is arranged on the outer side of the open caisson, the mud water tanks are symmetrically arranged on the mud-water separation ship and are internally provided with the vibrating screen to separate mud from water in a vibrating manner, a mud discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the mud water tank and is communicated with the mud barge, the sedimentation tank is communicated between the pair of mud water tanks, a water drain port is arranged at the upper part of the sedimentation tank, and a mud discharge port is also arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation tank and is communicated with the mud barge.
5. A method of progressively taking earth and sinking a step of a sunk well in water as claimed in claim 3, wherein the multifunctional barge is provided with a pair of barges respectively located at both ends of the diagonal of the sunk well.
6. The method for progressively taking out and sinking soil for a step of an oversized open caisson in water according to claim 4, wherein the mud-water separation system is symmetrically provided with a pair along both sides of the open caisson.
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