CN115074638B - 刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法,所述刃口材料包括如下以重量百分数计的原料:墨粉1.0~1.7%;纳米铜粉1.3~1.7%;纳米锰粉0.05~0.15%;纳米钨粉0.01~0.08%;纳米钼粉0.01~0.08%;纳米碳化钨粉0.05~0.1%;钛粉0.05~0.1%;余量为铁粉。所述五金刀具的制备方法,其将传统刀身与本发明所述的刃口材料进行激光焊接,随后对刃口进行激光淬火。本发明所述的刃口材料及五金刀具硬度高、耐磨性好,满足人民群众对美好生活的追求,并且生产工艺简单,易于大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及五金刀具材料技术领域,特别是涉及刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有五金刀具通常采用3Cr13、4Cr13、5Cr15MoV等马氏体不锈钢通过经过生产工序及工艺主要有选料、开料成型、打眼冲孔、调直、热处理、打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口、手柄安装等工艺流程制成。用户在使用过程中经常出现刃口崩口,刃口磨损严重导致寿命下降严重,造成体验感不佳。
发明内容
基于此,基于此,本发明提供了刃口材料,所述刃口材料的硬度高、耐磨性好。同时提供了五金刀具及其制备方法。
本发明通过如下技术方案实现。
一种刃口材料,包括如下以重量百分数计的原料:石墨粉1.2~1.5%;纳米铜粉1.4~1.6%;纳米锰粉0.11%;纳米钨粉0.05%;纳米钼粉0.05%;纳米碳化钨粉0.08%;钛粉0.08%;余量为铁粉;
所述的纳米铜粉、纳米锰粉、纳米钨粉、纳米钼粉、纳米碳化钨粉的粒径为200~800nm;所述的石墨粉、钛粉、铁粉的粒径为5~15 μm;
所述刃口材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
原料粉末均匀混合、喂料制备、注射成型以及脱脂烧结;
所述刃口材料用于通过以下方式制备五金刀具:
将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,激光焊接的工艺参数为:光斑直径0.7~1.0 mm,扫描速度350~450 mm/min,功率1500~2000 W,得到刀具A;
将所述刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火的工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度10~15 mm/s,功率1800~2100 W,得到刀具B;
将所述刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,得到所述的五金刀具。
为达到上述目的,本发明的另一种五金刀具,包括刀身以及设置于刀身一侧的刃口,所述刀身的材质选自3Cr13、4Cr13、5Cr15MoV中的一种或多种,所述刃口由以上所述的刃口材料制备得到。
为达到上述目的,本发明提供的五金刀具的制造方法,其包含如下步骤:
将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,得到刀具A;
将所述刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,得到刀具B;
将所述刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,得到所述的五金刀具。
与现有技术相比较,本发明的刃口材料、五金刀具具有如下有益效果:
本发明将石墨粉作为碳源,提升刃口材料的碳含量;铜的加入可以使刃口材料的晶格发生畸变,阻碍形变奥氏体的再结晶,使晶粒更加细小;锰可以提激光淬火的淬透性,获得更深的淬硬层深度;钨、钼、钛为固碳元素,在刃口材料中,以碳化物形式出现,在激光淬火是迁移至刃口表面,进一步提升刃口材料的硬度和耐磨性。
进一步地,本发明采用纳米金属粉体制备刃口材料,制备工艺简单,进一步降低烧结温度,降低能耗;五金刀具制备工艺绿色环保,能够在满足人们对品质生活的追求,符合可持续发展宗旨,可工业化推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1提供的刃口材料的显微表征图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法做进一步详细的说明。以下实施例中所用的原料,如无特别说明,均为市售产品。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法,具体如下:
(一)以重量百分比计,本实施例提供的不锈钢的原料组成如下:
10μm石墨粉1.4%;500nm铜粉1.5%;500nm锰粉0.11%;500nm钨粉0.05%;500nm钼粉0.05%;500nm碳化钨粉0.08%;10μm钛粉0.08%;余量为10μm铁粉;
(二)刃口材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)将上述原料粉末均匀混合;
(2)喂料制备:将混合均匀的粉末制备获得喂料粒子;
(3)注射成型:将喂料粒子通过注射机注射成型得到胚体;
(4)脱脂烧结:对胚体进行脱脂烧结得到所述刃口材料;
(三)五金刀具刀身材质为3Cr13,五金刀具制备步骤如下:
(1)将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,激光焊接工艺参数为:光斑直径0.8mm,扫描速度400mm/min,功率1800W,得到刀具A;
(2)将刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度13mm/s,功率2000W,得到刀具B;
(3)将刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,最终得到本发明实施例1所述的五金刀具。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法,具体如下:
(一)以重量百分比计,本实施例提供的不锈钢的原料组成如下:
15μm石墨粉1.0%;200nm铜粉1.3%;200nm锰粉0.11%;200nm钨粉0.05%;200nm钼粉0.05%;200nm碳化钨粉0.08%;15μm钛粉0.08%;余量为15μm铁粉;
(二)刃口材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)将上述原料粉末均匀混合;
(2)喂料制备:将混合均匀的粉末制备获得喂料粒子;
(3)注射成型:将喂料粒子通过注射机注射成型得到胚体;
(4)脱脂烧结:对胚体进行脱脂烧结得到所述刃口材料;
(三)五金刀具刀身材质为4Cr14,五金刀具制备步骤如下:
(1)将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,激光焊接工艺参数为:光斑直径1.0mm,扫描速度440mm/min,功率1500W,得到刀具A;
(2)将刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度10mm/s,功率2100W,得到刀具B;
(3)将刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,最终得到本发明实施例2所述的五金刀具。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种不锈钢及其制备方法,具体如下:
(一)以重量百分比计,本实施例提供的不锈钢的原料组成如下:
5μm石墨粉1.7%;800nm铜粉1.6%;800nm锰粉0.11%;800nm钨粉0.05%;800nm钼粉0.05%;800nm碳化钨粉0.08%;5μm钛0.08%;余量为5μm铁粉。
(二)刃口材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)将上述原料粉末均匀混合;
(2)喂料制备:将混合均匀的粉末制备获得喂料粒子;
(3)注射成型:将喂料粒子通过注射机注射成型得到胚体;
(4)脱脂烧结:对胚体进行脱脂烧结得到所述刃口材料;
(三)五金刀具刀身材质为5Cr15MoV,五金刀具制备步骤如下:
(1)将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,激光焊接工艺参数为:光斑直径0.7mm,扫描速度350mm/min,功率2000W,得到刀具A;
(2)将刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度15mm/s,功率1800W,得到刀具B;
(3)将刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,最终得到本发明实施例3所述的五金刀具。
对比例1
采用市场购买某公司生产的不锈钢刀具,其采用激光淬火技术处理不锈钢刀具的刃口后获得。
激光淬火工艺参数为:2×10mm,扫描速度10mm/s,功率2100W。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法,具体如下:
(一)以重量百分比计,本对比例提供的不锈钢的原料组成如下:
10μm石墨粉0.8%;500nm铜粉1.5%;500nm锰粉0.11%;500nm钨粉0.05%;500nm钼粉0.05%;500nm碳化钨粉0.08%;10μm钛粉0.08%;余量为10μm铁粉。
(二)刃口材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)将上述原料粉末均匀混合;
(2)喂料制备:将混合均匀的粉末制备获得喂料粒子;
(3)注射成型:将喂料粒子通过注射机注射成型得到胚体;
(4)脱脂烧结:对胚体进行脱脂烧结得到所述刃口材料;
(三)五金刀具刀身材质为3Cr13,五金刀具制备步骤如下:
(1)将刃口材料与刀身进行激光焊接,激光焊接工艺参数为:光斑直径2.0mm,扫描速度500mm/min,功率1000W,得到刀具A;
(2)将刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度25mm/s,功率1500W,得到刀具B;
(3)将刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,最终得到对比例2所述的五金刀具。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种刃口材料、五金刀具及其制备方法,具体如下:
(一)以重量百分比计,本实施例提供的不锈钢的原料组成如下:
20μm石墨粉0.8%;5μm铜粉1.5%;5μm锰粉0.11%;5μm钨粉0.05%;5μm钼粉0.05%;5μm碳化钨粉0.08%;20μm钛粉0.08%;余量为20μm铁粉。
(二)刃口材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)将上述原料粉末均匀混合;
(2)喂料制备:将混合均匀的粉末制备获得喂料粒子;
(3)注射成型:将喂料粒子通过注射机注射成型得到胚体;
(4)脱脂烧结:对胚体进行脱脂烧结得到所述刃口材料;
(三)五金刀具刀身材质为3Cr13,五金刀具制备步骤如下:
(1)将刃口材料与刀身进行激光焊接,激光焊接工艺参数为:光斑直径1.0mm,扫描速度440mm/min,功率1500W,得到刀具A;
(2)将刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10mm,扫描速度10mm/s,功率2100W,得到刀具B;
(3)将刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,最终得到对比例3所述的五金刀具。
性能测试
对实施例1制备得到的刃口材料进行显微表征,得到的显微表征图如图1所示,将实施例1~3和对比例1~3按照GB/T230.1~2018中规定的测试方法进行硬度的性能测试,实施例1~3和对比例1~3所制备得到的17~4PH不锈钢主要性能测试结果如表1所示。
表1
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,便于具体和详细地理解本发明的技术方案,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利保护范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。应当理解,本领域技术人员在本发明提供的技术方案的基础上,通过合乎逻辑的分析、推理或者有限的试验得到的技术方案,均在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求的内容为准,说明书及附图可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (3)
1.一种刃口材料,其特征在于,包括如下以重量百分数计的原料:石墨粉1.2~1.5%;纳米铜粉1.4~1.6%;纳米锰粉0.11%;纳米钨粉0.05%;纳米钼粉0.05%;纳米碳化钨粉0.08%;钛粉0.08%;余量为铁粉;
所述的纳米铜粉、纳米锰粉、纳米钨粉、纳米钼粉、纳米碳化钨粉的粒径为200~800 nm;所述的石墨粉、钛粉、铁粉的粒径为5~15 μm;
所述刃口材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
原料粉末均匀混合、喂料制备、注射成型以及脱脂烧结;
所述刃口材料用于通过以下方式制备五金刀具:
将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,激光焊接的工艺参数为:光斑直径0.7~1.0 mm,扫描速度350~450 mm/min,功率1500~2000 W,得到刀具A;
将所述刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,激光淬火的工艺参数为:光斑大小2×10 mm,扫描速度10~15 mm/s,功率1800~2100 W,得到刀具B;
将所述刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,得到所述的五金刀具。
2.一种五金刀具,其特征在于,包括刀身以及设置于刀身一侧的刃口,所述刀身的材质选自3Cr13、4Cr13、5Cr15MoV中的一种或多种,所述刃口由权利要求1所述的刃口材料制备得到。
3.根据权利要求2所述的五金刀具的制备方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤:
将所述刃口材料激光焊接于刀身的一侧形成刃口,得到刀具A;
将所述刀具A的刃口进行激光淬火处理,得到刀具B;
将所述刀具B进行打背砂、水磨、抛光、开利口以及手柄安装,得到所述的五金刀具。
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