CN115074612B - Cast iron cylinder sleeve and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Cast iron cylinder sleeve and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115074612B CN115074612B CN202210836184.XA CN202210836184A CN115074612B CN 115074612 B CN115074612 B CN 115074612B CN 202210836184 A CN202210836184 A CN 202210836184A CN 115074612 B CN115074612 B CN 115074612B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/06—Casting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides ferrite alloy cast iron, a cast iron cylinder sleeve and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve. The ferritic alloy cast iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 3.5 percent of C, less than 0.05 percent of S, less than 2.5 to 4.0 percent of Si, less than 0.1 percent of P, less than 0.5 percent of Mn, 25 to 30 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 1.0 percent of Cu0, less than 1.0 percent of Ti, and the balance of Fe. The cast iron cylinder sleeve is made of the ferrite alloy cast iron. The invention provides a method for manufacturing a cast iron cylinder sleeve, which comprises the following steps: smelting scrap steel, foundry returns, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron to be qualified, deoxidizing, modifying, centrifugally casting to obtain a blank, and then cooling, roughly machining, annealing and finely machining to obtain the cast iron cylinder sleeve. The invention greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the cast iron cylinder sleeve and reduces the manufacturing cost of the cast iron cylinder sleeve of the methanol fuel engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy cast iron, in particular to ferrite alloy cast iron, a cast iron cylinder sleeve and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve.
Background
One of the core parts of an internal combustion engine is a cylinder liner, a cylinder head, a piston and a piston ring, which form a combustion chamber and are the power source of the internal combustion engine. As engines of trucks and buses develop towards high power, low oil consumption and low pollution, the requirements on cylinder sleeves are higher and higher.
The traditional cylinder sleeve is generally made of cast iron and has the advantages of good toughness, high strength and good wear resistance. However, in the process of testing and assembling, it is found that the traditional cylinder sleeve only meeting the mechanical performance can not meet the working requirement of the engine because when methanol gasoline is used as fuel, methanol and its combustion products can be mixed into lubricating oil during the use process, and serious corrosive wear is caused to the cylinder sleeve of the engine, namely, the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve is in contact with corrosive products (such as formic acid) generated by the combustion of the methanol to cause acid corrosion of the cylinder sleeve, and further the cylinder sleeve is corroded and fails, so that the engine can not work.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve in the prior art is contacted with corrosive products generated by methanol combustion to cause acid corrosion of the inner wall, so that the cylinder sleeve is corroded and loses efficacy, and an engine cannot work.
Therefore, the invention provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C 0.5-3.5％
S＜0.05％
Si 2.5-4.0％
P＜0.1％
Mn＜0.5％
Cr 25-30％
Cu 0.1-1.0％
Ti＜1.0％
the balance being Fe.
Optionally, the mass percentage of the Cu is 0.1-0.4%.
Optionally, the ferritic alloy cast iron further comprises nickel in a mass percentage of less than 1.0%, and the content of Fe is relatively reduced when the nickel is added, i.e. the reduced mass of Fe is the same as the mass of nickel added when the nickel is added.
Optionally, the structure of the ferritic alloy cast iron comprises austenite less than or equal to 5%.
The invention provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve which is made of the ferrite alloy cast iron.
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a cast iron cylinder sleeve, which comprises the following manufacturing steps:
s1, smelting raw materials to obtain molten iron, and adjusting the components of the molten iron to be the components of the ferrite alloy cast iron; deoxidizing the molten iron, heating the molten iron to 1600-1650 ℃, and modifying by using a modifier;
s2, centrifugally casting the molten iron subjected to the modification treatment by the modifier to obtain a blank, and cooling, roughly processing, annealing and finely processing the blank to obtain the cast iron cylinder sleeve.
Optionally, the alterant comprises 3-5% of rare earth elements, 12-15% of V, 10-12% of Ti, 5-7% of B, less than 10% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
Optionally, the addition amount of the alterant is 0.5-0.8wt% of the molten iron.
Optionally, in the step S1, aluminum scraps are used for deoxidation when molten iron is deoxidized, and the adding amount of the aluminum scraps is 0.5 to 1.0wt% of the mass of the molten iron.
Optionally, the annealing temperature is 430 to 480 ℃.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a ferrite alloy cast iron, the metallographic structure of which consists of ferrite and carbide; the high-content chromium element and silicon element are coordinated with other elements, so that on one hand, the electrode potential of the ferrite matrix can be improved to be basically close to that of the carbide, and thus, under the electrolyte environment, the formation of a primary battery can be basically avoided, and the electrochemical corrosion is reduced; on the other hand, after the chromium element and the silicon element in the formula are oxidized, a layer of thin silicon dioxide and chromium oxide film can be formed on the surface of the alloy cast iron, so that the alloy cast iron is further prevented from being oxidized and corroded, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy cast iron is greatly improved.
In addition, according to the formula, through the mutual matching of the elements and the contents thereof, the corrosion resistance can be obviously improved, meanwhile, the fluidity of molten iron is improved, and the casting process difficulty of later-stage alloy cast iron is reduced.
2. The cast iron cylinder liner manufactured by the process has high corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the tensile strength of the cast iron cylinder liner can be obviously improved, and the manufacturing cost of the corrosion-resistant cast iron cylinder liner is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to better understand the present invention, not to limit the best mode, and not to limit the content and protection scope of the present invention, and any product that is the same or similar to the present invention and is obtained by combining the present invention with other features of the prior art and the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
The waste steel used in the invention is from the leftovers of common low-carbon steel purchased in the market;
the foundry returns used in the invention are high-chromium foundry returns in casting production;
the low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium used in the invention are all common alloys which are purchased in the market and meet the national standard requirements.
Example 1
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.78wt%, S:0.008wt%, si:3.70wt%, P:0.026wt%, mn:0.211wt%, cr:25.21wt%, cu:0.255wt%, ti:0.017wt%, and the balance Fe and a small amount of inevitable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to 1550 ℃ or higher until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier which accounts for 0.5wt% of the molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Example 2
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.19wt%, S:0.007wt%, si:3.41wt%, P:0.027wt%, mn:0.193wt%, cr:29.3wt%, cu:0.245wt%, ti:0.167wt%, and the balance Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace to smelt and remove slag to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to be more than 1550 ℃, and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier with the mass of 0.5wt% of molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Example 3
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.62wt%, S:0.007wt%, si:2.87wt%, P:0.025wt%, mn:0.22wt%, cr:28.4wt%, cu:0.23wt%, ti:0.524wt%, and the balance Fe and small amounts of unavoidable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to 1550 ℃ or higher until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier with the mass of 0.5wt% of molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 8% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Example 4
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:2.52wt%, S:0.006wt%, si:2.66wt%, P:0.025wt%, mn:0.18wt%, cr:29.8wt%, cu:0.13wt%, ti:0.332wt%, and the balance Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to 1550 ℃ or higher until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier with the mass of 0.5wt% of molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Example 5
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.78wt%, S:0.008wt%, si:3.70wt%, P:0.026wt%, mn:0.211wt%, cr:25.21wt%, cu:0.4wt%, ti:0.017wt%, and the balance Fe and a small amount of inevitable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace to smelt and remove slag to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to be more than 1550 ℃, and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier which accounts for 0.5wt% of the molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron subjected to modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron subjected to slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, preserving the temperature for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing into the cylinder sleeve.
Example 6
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:3.49wt%, S:0.02wt%, si:2.5wt%, P:0.02wt%, mn:0.2wt%, cr:25wt%, cu:0.97wt%, ti:0.05wt%, and the balance of Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to 1550 ℃ or higher until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 0.5wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier with the mass of 0.5wt% of molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 3% of Ce, 15% of V, 12% of Ti, 5% of B, 9% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron subjected to the modification treatment by the alterant, then centrifugally casting the slagging-off molten iron to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, the blank is naturally cooled, softened and annealed, rough machining is carried out, the rough machined blank is heated to 480 ℃ in an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for three hours, then the blank is cooled along with the furnace, and the cylinder sleeve is finished.
Example 7
The embodiment provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.5wt%, S:0.049wt%, si:2.5wt%, P:0.09wt%, mn:0.49wt%, cr:30wt%, cu:0.1wt%, ti:0.99wt%, and the balance of Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The embodiment provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and a manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon and electrolytic copper into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron after the temperature of the molten iron rises to 1550 ℃ or higher, and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 0.5wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier which accounts for 0.8wt% of the molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 3% of Ce, 15% of V, 12% of Ti, 5% of B, 9% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 430 ℃ in an annealing furnace, preserving heat for three hours, and then cooling along with the furnace to obtain the cast iron cylinder sleeve.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.80wt%, S:0.008wt%, si:1.81wt%, P:0.025wt%, mn:0.210wt%, cr:25.32wt%, cu:0.256wt%, ti:0.019wt%, and the balance of Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The comparative example provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace to smelt and remove slag to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to be more than 1550 ℃, and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier with the mass of 0.5wt% of molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides ferritic alloy cast iron which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.52wt%, S:0.008wt%, si:2.89wt%, P:0.026wt%, mn:0.24wt%, cr:19.25wt%, cu:0.25wt%, ti:0.033wt%, the balance being Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
The comparative example provides a cast iron cylinder sleeve, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, foundry returns, low-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, electrolytic copper and ferrotitanium into a smelting furnace in sequence, smelting and slagging off to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron is raised to 1550 ℃ or higher until the components of the molten iron are the components of the ferritic alloy cast iron; adding aluminum scraps accounting for 1.0wt% of the molten iron into the molten iron to deoxidize the molten iron;
the temperature of the furnace is raised to 1600-1650 ℃, and then a modifier which accounts for 0.5wt% of the molten iron is added in a flow-following mode, wherein the modifier comprises 5% of Ce, 12% of V, 10% of Ti, 7% of B, 5% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
S2, slagging off the molten iron after modification treatment by the alterant, then carrying out centrifugal casting on the molten iron after slagging off to obtain a blank, wherein the casting temperature is 1520-1540 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 900-950 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, heating the roughly processed blank to 450 ℃ in an annealing furnace, carrying out heat preservation for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
Comparative example 3
The manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon and a nickel plate into a smelting furnace in sequence to be smelted and deslagged to obtain molten iron, adding ferroalloy to adjust the components of the molten iron after the temperature of the molten iron rises to 1550 ℃ or higher, and carrying out spectrum detection on the molten iron until the molten iron is qualified;
raising the temperature of the furnace to 1500-1550 ℃, then inoculating along with the stream, wherein the inoculation amount is 0.6wt% of the molten iron amount, centrifugally casting to obtain a blank after inoculation, wherein the casting temperature is 1450-1500 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed during casting is 1360r/min, the blank is discharged at 850-900 ℃, naturally cooling and roughly processing the blank, raising the temperature of the roughly processed blank to 550 ℃ in an annealing furnace, preserving the heat for three hours, then cooling along with the furnace, and finely processing to obtain the cylinder sleeve.
The cylinder sleeve of the comparative example comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:2.0wt%, si:1.8wt%, P:0.11wt%, S:0.04wt%, mn:1.0wt%, cr:3.2wt%, ni:22.3wt%, the balance being Fe and minor unavoidable impurities.
Test example 1
And (3) corrosion resistance testing:
preparing a sample: preparing samples according to the examples and the comparative examples, wherein the size of the sample is 25 multiplied by 15 multiplied by 5mm, all surfaces of the sample are subjected to wet grinding polishing by a plane grinder, all edges of the sample cannot be chamfered, all surfaces of the sample cannot be marked, after the sample is processed, the sample is washed by water and then cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone respectively, and after the sample is dried rapidly, the sample is packaged in a cow leather bag and is stored in a drier; if the test sample is placed for more than one week or the surface of the test sample rusted, all the surfaces of the test sample are polished again by using water sand paper with the grain size of No. 240, then the test sample is washed clean by using water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence, and the test sample is packaged into a cowhide bag and stored in a dryer after being dried quickly; the samples of the comparative example and example should be processed simultaneously;
preparing a standard corrosive liquid: pouring 50mL of concentrated formic acid into 500mL of water, adding 2.5g of sodium chloride to dissolve, diluting to 1000mL, and shaking up;
the specific test steps are as follows:
1. the sample size was measured with a vernier caliper and recorded as a × b × c (mm); weighing the weight M1 of the sample, and calculating the specific gravity of the sample;
2. pouring standard corrosive liquid into a 500mL round-bottom flask in a fume hood, placing the flask in a constant-temperature water bath, heating to 60 ℃, inclining the flask after the temperature of the corrosive liquid reaches, sliding a sample into the flask along the wall, starting timing, and taking out after 60 min;
and immediately washing all the surfaces of the taken sample by absolute ethyl alcohol to remove corrosive liquid residues, drying the sample by hot air, putting the sample into a dryer, drying the sample for 30min, taking the dried sample out, immediately weighing the sample on a ten-thousandth balance in the presence of a drying agent, and recording the weight as M2.
4. Calculating the corrosion rate according to the M1 and the M2 and the sizes a, b and c of the samples;
at least three parallel tests were performed for each example or comparative example, and the results were averaged for the corrosion rate, and if the test specimens were locally severely corroded, the test results should be discarded, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Test example 2
The tensile strengths of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-4 were tested according to GB 228.1-2010 Metal tensile test method-Room temperature method, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results and material costs for examples 1-7, comparative examples 1-4
As shown in Table 1, the corrosion rate of the ferritic alloy cast iron prepared by the invention is not higher than 0.06 mu m/h, the tensile strength is more than 550MPa, and the cost is only about 25% compared with the cost of the conventional high-nickel alloy cast iron.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the cast iron cylinder sleeve is characterized by comprising the following manufacturing steps:
s1, smelting raw materials to obtain molten iron, and adjusting the components of the molten iron to be the components of ferrite alloy cast iron; deoxidizing the molten iron, heating the molten iron to 1600-1650 ℃, and performing modification treatment by using a modifier;
s2, centrifugally casting the molten iron subjected to the modification treatment by the modifier to obtain a blank, and cooling, roughly processing, annealing and finely processing the blank to obtain the cast iron cylinder sleeve;
the ferritic alloy cast iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C 0.5-3.5％
S＜0.05％
Si 2.5-4.0％
P＜0.1％
Mn＜0.5％
Cr 25-30％
Cu 0.1-1.0％
Ti＜1.0％
the balance of Fe;
the alterant comprises 3-5% of rare earth elements, 12-15% of V, 10-12% of Ti, 5-7% of B, less than 10% of Si and the balance of iron by mass percent.
2. The method for manufacturing the cast iron cylinder liner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the alterant is 0.5-0.8wt% of the molten iron.
3. The method for manufacturing the cast iron cylinder liner according to claim 1, wherein aluminum scraps are used for deoxidation in the step S1 when molten iron is deoxidized, and the adding amount of the aluminum scraps is 0.5-1.0wt% of the mass of the molten iron.
4. A method for manufacturing a cast iron cylinder liner as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the annealing temperature is 430-480 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing the cast iron cylinder sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Cu is 0.1-0.4%.
6. The method for manufacturing the cast iron cylinder liner according to claim 1 or 5, characterized by further comprising nickel with mass percent less than 1.0%, wherein the content of Fe is relatively reduced when the nickel is added.
7. The method for manufacturing the cast iron cylinder liner according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the ferritic alloy cast iron comprises austenite less than or equal to 5%.
8. A cast iron cylinder liner, characterized in that, it is made by the method of any claim 1-7.
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