CN115070998A - Sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing equipment and method - Google Patents
Sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115070998A CN115070998A CN202210788933.6A CN202210788933A CN115070998A CN 115070998 A CN115070998 A CN 115070998A CN 202210788933 A CN202210788933 A CN 202210788933A CN 115070998 A CN115070998 A CN 115070998A
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/044—Knives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing equipment and a method. The conveying screw comprises a screw body and spiral structures distributed on the screw body at intervals; the movable cutter component is arranged between the adjacent spiral structures and comprises a plurality of movable cutter heads which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the screw body; the conveying screw is arranged in the machine barrel, the machine barrel is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole is positioned at the lower side of the spiral structure; the static cutter assembly is axially arranged along the machine barrel and comprises a plurality of static cutter heads axially arranged along the inner wall of the machine barrel at intervals, and the movable cutter heads and the static cutter heads are alternately arranged; the driving mechanism is used for driving the conveying screw to rotate; and the barrel displacement adjusting assembly comprises a first lifting driving rod connected to two axial ends of the barrel. The invention can obtain plastic particles meeting the requirement of particle size by one-time feeding, thereby saving time and improving working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic waste recovery, in particular to sectional adjustable domestic plastic waste continuous crushing equipment and a sectional adjustable domestic plastic waste continuous crushing method.
Background
The plastic polymer is a great invention in modern society, and is various, and the wide use of plastic products brings convenience to the life of people. At present, the plastic industry becomes the economic support industry of China, the components change day by day with the increase of the plastic capacity, and the large accumulation of plastic wastes also presents a serious challenge to people. The wastes occupy cultivated land, pollute the environment, have long degradation period, cause a great amount of waste of resources, and people must pay attention to the wastes.
The mechanical recovery of waste plastics includes classified recovery, sorting, crushing, cleaning, granulating, injection molding/wire drawing, etc., wherein the crushing is an important process for collecting plastics, the plastic crusher is mainly used for crushing various plastic plastics for industrial reproduction, and the crushing quality of the crusher often determines the regeneration quality of plastic products. In the actual production process, the plastic crusher often drives the movable cutter head to rotate at a high speed through the motor, the movable cutter rotates at a high speed to enable the movable cutter head and the fixed cutter to move relatively, and then a cut of plastic crushing and shearing caused by a gap formed by the relative movement between the movable cutter head and the fixed cutter is utilized to crush large plastic.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing equipment and method provided by the invention can efficiently and quickly crush waste plastics, have a good crushing effect and high efficiency, and can obtain plastic particles meeting the particle size requirement through one-time feeding.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing device, which comprises a rack, wherein the rack is provided with:
the conveying screw comprises a screw body and spiral structures distributed on the screw body at intervals;
the movable cutter component is arranged between the adjacent spiral structures and comprises a plurality of movable cutter heads which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the screw body;
the conveying screw is arranged in the machine barrel, the machine barrel is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole is positioned at the lower side of the spiral structure;
the static cutter component is arranged along the axial direction of the machine barrel and comprises a plurality of static cutter heads which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner wall of the machine barrel at intervals, and the dynamic cutter heads and the static cutter heads are alternately arranged;
the driving mechanism is used for driving the conveying screw to rotate;
and the barrel displacement adjusting assembly comprises a first lifting driving rod connected to two axial ends of the barrel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a screw displacement adjusting assembly, which comprises a second lifting driving rod, an output gear connected to one end of the screw body and a shifting fork connected with the driving end of the second lifting driving rod; the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a gear box and a driving gear connected with the output end of the driving motor, the driving gear and the output gear are arranged in the gear box, the driving gear is meshed with the output gear, the two ends of the screw body are respectively provided with the second lifting driving rod, and the two ends of the screw body are respectively rotatably connected to the shifting fork.
In an embodiment of the invention, the machine barrel comprises a front barrel body, a middle barrel body and a rear barrel body which are sequentially connected, the feed port is arranged at the upper end of the front barrel body, a feed screw is arranged on the screw body at a position below the feed port, the feed port is connected with a feed hopper, the discharge port is distributed on the lower end barrel wall of the middle barrel body, the front barrel body and the rear barrel body are respectively connected with the first lifting drive rod, one end of the rear barrel body is provided with a machine barrel outlet, and a discharge screw is arranged on the screw body at a position on one side of the machine barrel outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the barrel displacement adjusting assembly further includes a barrel seat and a guide bearing, the barrel seat is provided with connecting seats at both side ends thereof, the guide bearing is rotatably connected to the connecting seats, and the front barrel is provided with moving grooves at both side ends thereof, which are engaged with the guide bearing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the plastic particle feeder further comprises a material receiving assembly distributed on the lower side of the machine barrel, the material receiving assembly comprises a plastic particle screening net, a blanking channel and a material receiving box, the blanking channel is communicated with a discharge hole in the lower side end of the machine barrel, the plastic particle screening net is arranged at the discharge hole, the material receiving box is in clearance fit with the bottom end of the blanking channel, and the material receiving box is provided with a handle for drawing the material receiving box out of the blanking channel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the movable blade assembly further comprises a movable blade connecting plate, the movable blades are distributed at one side end of the movable blade connecting plate, the conveying screw further comprises a plurality of mounting grooves formed along the circumferential direction of the screw body, and the movable blade connecting plate is connected to the mounting grooves.
In an embodiment of the invention, the static knife assembly further comprises a static knife connecting arc plate, the static knife heads are distributed on the static knife connecting arc plate, the static knife connecting arc plate is connected to the machine barrel and attached to the outer wall of the machine barrel, and the outer wall of the machine barrel is provided with a through hole for the static knife heads to pass through.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable blade is wedge-shaped, and the static blade is cuboid-shaped.
In an embodiment of the invention, a protective shell is further arranged outside the machine barrel, the protective shell is connected to the machine frame, an opening is formed in the top end of the protective shell, and slots are formed in two side ends of the protective shell.
The invention also provides a plastic continuous crushing method using the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily sorting the household garbage recycled by the garbage recycling station, and sorting out plastic solid waste in the household garbage; preliminarily cleaning and disinfecting the selected plastic solid waste, and classifying the cleaned and disinfected waste plastics according to the types of processing materials; removing excessive moisture generated in the cleaning process of the waste plastics by adopting a microwave drying method or a blowing method, primarily crushing the plastic wastes, and obtaining the waste plastics with the particle size range within 10mm after primary crushing;
s2: waste plastics obtained after primary crushing are put into a feed inlet, the waste plastics arrive at the position of a conveying screw rod through the feed inlet, power is transmitted to the conveying screw rod through a driving mechanism, the rotating speed of the screw rod 1 is 200r/min-700r/min, the waste plastics are pushed to the positions of a movable cutter assembly and a fixed cutter assembly through a spiral structure on a screw rod body, the range of a gap between the fixed cutter head and the movable cutter head is controlled to be 0.05mm-10mm through a machine barrel displacement adjusting assembly or a screw rod displacement adjusting assembly so as to control the particle size of crushed plastic particles, the particle size range of the crushed plastic particles is 0.05mm-10mm, the pore size of a plastic particle screening net at each discharge outlet is adjusted, and the pore size range is 0.05mm-10 mm;
s3: the waste plastics are crushed by the shearing force generated by the movable cutter head and the static cutter head, and the plastic particles with the diameter smaller than the diameter of the plastic particle screening net enter the blanking channel through the plastic particle screening net at the discharge port and enter the blanking box through the blanking channel;
s4: plastic particles larger than the aperture of the plastic particle screening net are continuously pushed to the positions of the next movable cutter assembly and the next static cutter assembly through a spiral structure on the screw body, the gap between the static cutter head and the movable cutter head is controlled through the machine barrel displacement adjusting assembly or the screw displacement adjusting assembly again, the range of the gap is 0.05mm-10mm, secondary crushing is carried out, and secondary screening is carried out through the plastic particle screening net at the upper end of the next blanking channel;
s5: sequentially pushing plastic particles which do not fall into the blanking channel until the positions of the last movable cutter component and the last static cutter component are subjected to plastic crushing;
s6: and taking out the plastic particles in each receiving box and recycling.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing equipment and method, plastics can be pushed forwards to the positions of the movable cutter assembly and the static cutter assembly through the spiral structure of the conveying screw rod to be crushed, plastic particles meeting the particle size requirement fall into the material receiving assembly, the plastic particles which do not meet the requirement are continuously crushed at the positions of the next movable cutter assembly and the static cutter assembly under the pushing of the spiral structure until the plastic particles meeting the particle size requirement are obtained, and the gap between the static cutter head and the movable cutter head can be controlled to control the particle size of the crushed plastic particles. The invention only needs one-time feeding, omits the complex process of multiple times of feeding, has good crushing effect and high efficiency, can obtain plastic particles meeting the requirement of particle size through one-time feeding, saves time and improves working efficiency.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the sectional adjustable plastic continuous crushing equipment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sectional adjustable type plastic continuous crushing apparatus of the present invention with a protective case omitted.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sectional adjustable type plastic continuous crushing apparatus of the present invention without a gear box.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the barrel displacement adjustment assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying screw of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the barrel structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the engagement of the moving blade assembly and the stationary blade assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the receiving assembly of the present invention.
The specification reference numbers indicate: 100. a frame; 110. a safety barrier; 120. a safety door; 200. a protective shell; 210. opening a hole; 220. grooving; 1. a conveying screw; 11. a screw body; 12. a helical structure; 13. a feed screw; 14. discharging spirally; 15. mounting grooves; 2. a moving blade assembly; 21. a movable cutter head; 22. a movable blade connecting plate; 3. a barrel; 31. a feed inlet; 32. a discharge port; 33. a front barrel; 331. a moving groove; 34. a middle cylinder body; 35. a rear cylinder body; 351. a barrel outlet; 36. a feed hopper; 37. perforating; 4. a stationary knife assembly; 41. a static cutter head; 42. the static knife is connected with the arc plate; 5. a drive mechanism; 51. a drive motor; 52. a gear case; 53. a drive gear; 6. a barrel displacement adjustment assembly; 61. a first lift drive rod; 62. a barrel support; 63. a cylinder base; 631. a connecting seat; 64. a guide bearing; 7. a screw displacement adjustment assembly; 8. a second lift drive rod; 81. an output gear; 82. a shifting fork; 9. a material receiving assembly; 91. a blanking channel; 92. a receiving box; 93. a handle.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing apparatus of the present invention comprises a frame 100, wherein the frame 100 is provided with:
the conveying screw rod 1 comprises a screw rod body 11 and spiral structures 12 distributed on the screw rod body 11 at intervals;
the movable knife component 2 is arranged between the adjacent spiral structures 12, and the movable knife component 2 comprises a plurality of movable knife heads 21 which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the screw rod body 11;
the conveying screw 1 is arranged in the machine barrel 3, the machine barrel 3 is provided with a feeding hole 31 and a discharging hole 32, and the discharging hole 32 is positioned at the lower side of the spiral structure 12;
the static cutter component 4 is arranged along the axial direction of the machine barrel 3, the static cutter component 4 comprises a plurality of static cutter heads 41 which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner wall of the machine barrel 3 at intervals, the movable cutter heads 21 and the static cutter heads 41 are alternately arranged, and the movable cutter heads 21 and the static cutter heads 41 are in clearance fit;
the driving mechanism 5 is used for driving the conveying screw rod 1 to rotate;
barrel displacement adjustment assembly 6, which includes first lift drive rods 61 connected to both axial ends of barrel 3.
Specifically, the screw rod displacement adjusting assembly 7 is further included, and comprises a second lifting driving rod 8, an output gear 81 connected to one end of the screw rod body 11, and a shifting fork 82 connected to the driving end of the second lifting driving rod 8; the driving mechanism 5 comprises a driving motor 51, a gear box 52 and a driving gear 53 connected with the output end of the driving motor 51, the driving gear 53 and the output gear 81 are arranged in the gear box 52, the driving gear 53 is meshed with the output gear 81, two ends of the screw body 11 are respectively provided with the second lifting driving rod 8, two ends of the screw body 11 are respectively connected with a shifting fork 82 in a rotating mode, and the shifting fork 82 is of a cylindrical structure.
In this embodiment, the driving motor 51 is a speed reducing motor, and is connected to the upper end of the rack 100 by a screw, and the first lifting driving rod 61 and the second lifting driving rod 8 are both hydraulic rods.
Specifically, the diameter of helical structure 12 along the direction of feed increases thick in proper order, the propelling movement and the grinding of waste plastics of being convenient for, adopts the sectional type design of material propelling movement and material cutting, can have the problem of avoiding plastics to take place the melting because of the continuous propelling movement of material in barrel 3.
Specifically, the barrel 3 includes a front barrel 33, a middle barrel 34 and a rear barrel 35 which are connected in sequence through flanges, the feed port 31 is arranged at the upper end of the front barrel 33, a feed screw 13 is arranged at a position below the feed port 31 on the screw body 11, the feed port 31 is connected with a feed hopper 36, the discharge ports 32 are distributed on the lower end barrel wall of the middle barrel 34, the front barrel 33 and the rear barrel 35 are respectively connected with the first lifting drive rod 61, the first lifting drive rod 61 is mounted on the rack 100, the front barrel 33 and the rear barrel 35 are respectively connected with a barrel support 62, the bottom ends of two sides of the barrel support 62 are respectively connected with one of the first lifting drive rod 61, one end of the rear barrel 35 is provided with a barrel outlet 351, and a discharge screw 14 is arranged at a position on one side of the barrel outlet 351 on the screw body 11. Through the setting, barrel 3 adopts the form that a plurality of parts are connected, and the later stage processing of being convenient for promotes 3 intensity of barrel.
Specifically, the feeding funnel 36 is fixed to the upper end of the barrel 3 by bolts, the upper end opening of the feeding funnel 36 is designed to be a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the middle part of the feeding funnel 36 is a cuboid shape, and the lower end of the feeding funnel 36 is a cube or a cuboid matched with the surface of the barrel 3.
Specifically, the barrel displacement adjusting assembly 6 further comprises a barrel seat 63 and a guide bearing 64, wherein two side ends of the barrel seat 63 are provided with a connecting seat 631, the guide bearing 64 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 631, and two side ends of the front barrel 33 are provided with a moving groove 331 matched with the guide bearing 64.
Specifically, still including distributing in the material receiving assembly 9 of barrel 3 downside, material receiving assembly 9 includes plastic granules screening net, blanking passageway 91 and connects material casket 92, blanking passageway 91 communicates in the discharge gate 32 of barrel 3 lower extreme, plastic granules screening net locates discharge gate 32, connect material casket 92 and blanking passageway 91 bottom clearance fit, connect material casket 92 to install and be used for receiving the handle 93 that material casket 92 took out from blanking passageway 91.
Specifically, a safety isolation plate 110 with heat dissipation holes is installed on one side of the rack 100 and is connected with the rack 100 through hinges, a safety door 120 is installed on the other side of the rack 100, a handle of the safety door 120 is installed on the safety door 120, and operation of workers is facilitated in the later period.
Specifically, move sword subassembly 2 still including moving sword connecting plate 22, move the sword head 21 and distribute in moving one side end of sword connecting plate 22, conveying screw 1 still includes a plurality of mounting grooves 15 along the screw rod body 11 circumference setting, move sword connecting plate 22 and connect in mounting groove 15, mounting groove 15 is the V type structure.
Specifically, quiet sword subassembly 4 still includes quiet sword and connects arc plate 42, quiet sword 41 distributes in quiet sword and connects arc plate 42, quiet sword 41 is the equidistance and distributes, quiet sword connect arc plate 42 connect in barrel 3 and with the laminating of barrel 3 outer wall, barrel 3 outer wall is equipped with the perforation 37 that is used for quiet sword 41 to pass.
Specifically, the movable blade 21 is wedge-shaped, and the static blade 41 is cuboid-shaped.
Specifically, the outer part of the barrel 3 is further provided with a protective shell 200, the protective shell 200 is connected to the frame 100, the top end of the protective shell 200 is provided with an opening 210, and two side ends of the protective shell 200 are provided with slots 220. The openings 210 and slots 220 are used for heat dissipation and observation of the operation of the device.
The embodiment also provides a continuous plastic crushing method by using the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily sorting the household garbage recycled by the garbage recycling station, and sorting out plastic solid waste in the household garbage; preliminarily cleaning and disinfecting the selected plastic solid waste, and classifying the cleaned and disinfected waste plastics according to the types of processing materials; in the embodiment, the microwave drying power range is 300w-800w, so that the moisture is prevented from corroding equipment and affecting the service life; primarily crushing the wastes with larger volume in the plastic wastes;
s2: waste plastics obtained after primary crushing are put into a feed inlet 31, the waste plastics arrive at the position of a conveying screw rod 1 through the feed inlet 31, power is transmitted to the conveying screw rod 1 through a driving mechanism 5, the rotating speed of the screw rod 1 is 200r/min-700r/min, the waste plastics are pushed to the positions of a movable cutter component 2 and a static cutter component 4 through a spiral structure 12 on a screw rod body 11, the range of a gap between a static cutter head 41 and a movable cutter head 21 is controlled to be 0.05mm-10mm through a machine barrel displacement adjusting component 6 or a screw rod displacement adjusting component 7 so as to control the particle size of crushed plastic particles, the particle size range of the crushed plastic particles is 0.05mm-10mm, the pore size of a plastic particle screening net at each discharge port 32 is adjusted, and the pore size range is 0.05mm-10 mm;
s3: waste plastics are crushed through shearing force generated by the movable cutter head 21 and the static cutter head 41, and plastic particles with the diameter smaller than the diameter of the plastic particle screening net enter the blanking channel 91 through the plastic particle screening net at the discharge hole 32 and enter the blanking box through the blanking channel 91;
s4: plastic particles larger than the aperture of the plastic particle screening net are continuously pushed to the positions of the next movable cutter assembly 2 and the next stationary cutter assembly 4 through the spiral structure 12 on the screw body 11, the gap between the stationary cutter head 41 and the movable cutter head 21 is controlled through the machine barrel displacement adjusting assembly 6 or the screw displacement adjusting assembly 7 again, the gap range is 0.05mm-10mm, secondary crushing is carried out, and secondary screening is carried out through the plastic particle screening net at the upper end of the next blanking channel 91;
s5: then, sequentially pushing plastic particles which do not fall into the blanking channel 91 until plastic crushing is carried out at the positions of the last movable cutter component 2 and the last static cutter component 4;
s6: the plastic granules in each receiving box 92 are taken out and recovered, and the plastic granules with different grain diameters are used for experimental research or industrial production.
Specifically, the plastic waste can be cleaned by using a combination of cleaning agent, organic solvent or ultrasonic cleaning to remove pollutants in or on the surface of the plastic waste.
Specifically, the plastic waste is classified according to the types of processing materials, so that the plastic particles can be classified in the later period conveniently, and the complex work of secondary classification is reduced.
In particular, high-temperature steam, ultraviolet rays or disinfectants and other modes are adopted when the plastic is disinfected, so that the infection sources of diseases are reduced.
Specifically, the drying method comprises mechanical extrusion dehydration, microwave drying or natural airing, and avoids the influence of redundant moisture accumulated in the plastic on the normal operation of the equipment.
In summary, according to the sectional adjustable domestic plastic garbage continuous crushing device and method provided by the invention, plastics can be pushed forward to the positions of the movable cutter assembly 2 and the stationary cutter assembly 4 through the spiral structure 12 of the conveying screw 1 to be crushed, plastic particles meeting the particle size requirement fall into the material receiving assembly 9, plastic particles which do not meet the requirement are pushed by the spiral structure 12 to continue to be crushed at the positions of the next movable cutter assembly 2 and the stationary cutter assembly 4 until plastic particles meeting the particle size requirement are obtained, and a gap between the stationary cutter head 41 and the movable cutter head 21 can be controlled to control the particle size of the crushed plastic particles. The invention only needs one-time feeding, omits the complex process of multiple times of feeding, has good crushing effect and high efficiency, can obtain plastic particles meeting the requirement of particle size through one-time feeding, saves time and improves working efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a domestic plastic refuse continuous crushing apparatus with adjustable segmentation, includes frame (100), its characterized in that, be equipped with on frame (100):
the conveying screw (1) comprises a screw body (11) and spiral structures (12) distributed on the screw body (11) at intervals;
the movable knife component (2) is arranged between the adjacent spiral structures (12), and the movable knife component (2) comprises a plurality of movable knife heads (21) which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the screw body (11);
the conveying screw rod (1) is arranged in the machine barrel (3), the machine barrel is provided with a feed inlet (31) and a discharge outlet (32), the machine barrel (3) comprises a front barrel body (33), a middle barrel body (34) and a rear barrel body (35) which are sequentially connected, the feed inlet (31) is arranged at the upper end of the front barrel body (33), a feed screw (13) is arranged at the position below the feed inlet (31) on the screw rod body (11), the discharge outlet (32) is distributed on the lower end barrel wall of the middle barrel body (34), one end of the rear barrel body (35) is provided with a machine barrel outlet (351), a discharge screw (14) is arranged at one side of the machine barrel outlet (351) on the screw rod body (11), and the discharge outlet (32) is arranged at the lower side of the screw structure (12);
the static knife assembly (4) is axially arranged along the machine barrel (3), the static knife assembly (4) comprises a plurality of static knife heads (41) axially arranged along the inner wall of the machine barrel (3) at intervals, and the movable knife heads (21) and the static knife heads (41) are alternately arranged;
the driving mechanism (5) comprises a driving motor (51), a gear box (52) and a driving gear (53) connected with the output end of the driving motor (51), one end of the screw body (11) is connected with an output gear (81), the driving gear (53) and the output gear (81) are arranged in the gear box (52), and the driving gear (53) is meshed with the output gear (81);
the machine barrel displacement adjusting assembly (6) comprises a first lifting driving rod (61), a machine barrel seat (63) and a guide bearing (64), the front cylinder body (33) and the rear cylinder body (35) are respectively connected with the first lifting driving rod (61), two side ends of the machine barrel seat (63) are provided with connecting seats (631), the guide bearing (64) is rotatably connected with the connecting seats (631), and two side ends of the front cylinder body (33) are provided with moving grooves (331) matched with the guide bearing (64);
screw displacement adjusting part (7), it includes second lift actuating lever (8), connect in and with shift fork (82) that second lift actuating lever (8) drive end links to each other, the both ends of screw rod body (11) are rotated respectively and are connected in shift fork (82).
2. The continuously crushing equipment for household plastic garbage with adjustable segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein a feeding funnel (36) is connected to the feeding port (31).
3. The continuously crushing equipment for the household plastic garbage with the adjustable segments as claimed in claim 1, further comprising material receiving components (9) distributed on the lower side of the machine barrel (3), wherein the material receiving components (9) comprise plastic particle screening nets, a blanking channel (91) and material receiving boxes (92), the blanking channel (91) is communicated with the discharge hole (32) on the lower side end of the machine barrel (3), the plastic particle screening nets are arranged on the discharge hole (32), the material receiving boxes (92) are in clearance fit with the bottom end of the blanking channel (91), and the material receiving boxes (92) are provided with handles (93) for the material receiving boxes (92) to be drawn out from the blanking channel (91).
4. The continuous crushing equipment of domestic plastic rubbish with adjustable segmentation of claim 1, characterized in that, move sword subassembly (2) still include move sword connecting plate (22), move the tool bit (21) and distribute in moving one side end of sword connecting plate (22), conveyor screw (1) still includes a plurality of mounting grooves (15) that set up along screw body (11) circumference, move sword connecting plate (22) and connect in mounting groove (15).
5. The continuously crushing equipment of domestic plastic rubbish with adjustable segmentation of claim 1, characterized in that, quiet sword subassembly (4) still includes quiet sword and connects arc plate (42), quiet sword (41) distribute in quiet sword and connect arc plate (42), quiet sword connect arc plate (42) connect in barrel (3) and with the laminating of barrel (3) outer wall, barrel (3) outer wall is equipped with perforation (37) that are used for quiet sword (41) to pass through.
6. The continuously crushing equipment of domestic plastic refuse with adjustable segmentation of claim 1, characterized in that, moving cutter head (21) is wedge-shaped, quiet cutter head (41) is cuboid.
7. The continuously crushing equipment for household plastic garbage with adjustable segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein a protective shell (200) is further arranged outside the machine barrel (3), the protective shell (200) is connected to the machine frame (100), the top end of the protective shell (200) is provided with an opening (210), and the two side ends of the protective shell (200) are provided with slots (220).
8. A method for continuous comminution of plastic material using a device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily sorting the household garbage recycled by the garbage recycling station, and sorting out plastic solid waste in the household garbage; preliminarily cleaning and disinfecting the selected plastic solid waste, and classifying the cleaned and disinfected waste plastics according to the types of processing materials; removing excessive moisture generated in the waste plastic cleaning process by adopting a microwave drying method or a blowing method, primarily crushing the plastic waste, and obtaining the waste plastic with the particle size within 10mm after primary crushing;
s2: waste plastics obtained after primary crushing are put into a feed inlet (31), the waste plastics arrive at the position of a conveying screw (1) through the feed inlet (31), the power is transmitted to the conveying screw rod (1) through the driving mechanism (5), the rotating speed of the screw rod (1) is 200r/min-700r/min, the waste plastics are pushed to the positions of the movable cutter component (2) and the static cutter component (4) through the spiral structure (12) on the screw rod body (11), controlling the range of the gap between the static cutter head (41) and the movable cutter head (21) to be 0.05mm-10mm through the machine barrel displacement adjusting component (6) or the screw displacement adjusting component (7) so as to control the particle size of the crushed plastic particles, wherein the range of the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is 0.05mm-10mm, and adjusting the aperture of a plastic particle screening net at each discharge port (32), wherein the aperture range is 0.05mm-10 mm;
s3: waste plastics are crushed by shearing force generated by the movable cutter head (21) and the static cutter head (41), and plastic particles smaller than the diameter of the plastic particle screening net enter a blanking channel (91) through a plastic particle screening net at a discharge hole (32) and enter a blanking box through the blanking channel (91);
s4: plastic particles larger than the aperture of the plastic particle screening net are continuously pushed to the position of the next movable cutter component (2) and the position of the static cutter component (4) through the spiral structure (12) on the screw body (11), the gap between the static cutter head (41) and the movable cutter head (21) is controlled through the machine barrel displacement adjusting component (6) or the screw displacement adjusting component (7) again, the gap range is 0.05mm-10mm, secondary crushing is carried out, and secondary screening is carried out through the plastic particle screening net at the upper end of the next blanking channel (91);
s5: then, plastic particles which do not fall into the blanking channel (91) are sequentially pushed until plastic crushing is carried out at the positions of the last movable cutter component (2) and the static cutter component (4);
s6: the plastic granules in each receiving box (92) are taken out and recovered.
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