CN115069385A - Processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder - Google Patents
Processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN115069385A CN115069385A CN202210627381.0A CN202210627381A CN115069385A CN 115069385 A CN115069385 A CN 115069385A CN 202210627381 A CN202210627381 A CN 202210627381A CN 115069385 A CN115069385 A CN 115069385A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000719836 Anoectochilus formosanus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder. The invention carries out operations such as drying, crushing and the like at low temperature, and can prevent the nutrient substances in the edible fungi from being damaged; the mode of jet milling avoids the abrasion of the device main body and the mixing of foreign matters in the grinding process, thereby not only improving the purity of the product, but also obtaining particles with uniform and finer granularity; superfine powder with various different particle sizes can be obtained by superfine processing of multistage airflow crushing, so that different requirements are met, the application range of the process is expanded, the practicability is enhanced, the crushing speed is obviously accelerated, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder.
Background
The edible fungi in China are abundant in resources and are one of the earliest countries for cultivating and utilizing the edible fungi. The edible fungi are rich in protein and amino acid, and also have the effects of reducing cholesterol in blood and treating hypertension, and are often called as health foods. The superfine powder technology is a new technology, and substances after superfine grinding have good surface properties such as dispersibility, dissolubility and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of electricians, medicines, chemical engineering and the like at present. The combination of edible fungi and the superfine powder technology can exert better health care effect, and how to efficiently and quickly prepare the edible fungi superfine powder becomes a hotspot of research.
The processing of the superfine powder comprises a physical preparation method, wherein the main method is a mechanical crushing mode, the preparation method ensures that materials do not have chemical reaction, keeps the original chemical properties of the materials, and has the advantages of simple integral process, high yield, low cost and difficult agglomeration, thereby being popular with people. At present, people usually clean and dry coarse powder to be processed and then directly add the coarse powder into an ultrafine pulverizer to pulverize until ultrafine powder with a required particle size is obtained, for example, in the prior art, "a purple sweet potato solid beverage and a preparation method thereof" with patent number CN102631000A, "compound blood sugar-reducing anoectochilus formosanus ultrafine powder and a processing method thereof" with patent number CN103127390B, "a preparation process of radish sprout ultrafine powder" with patent number CN103190578A, and the like, it can be seen that although ultrafine powder with a required particle size can be obtained after a certain time of pulverization treatment, the ultrafine powder can be directly pulverized by one-time feeding, the particle size distribution of the obtained ultrafine powder is not very uniform, and the pulverization efficiency is limited to a certain extent, so that the pulverization efficiency and the pulverization effect have a certain optimization space. In addition, it can be seen that, in the prior art, the most commonly adopted mechanical pulverization methods are cutting type ultrafine pulverization, impact type ultrafine pulverization and grinding type ultrafine pulverization, so that main body abrasion is easy to occur in the pulverization process, the service life of the device is influenced, and other impurities are easy to be mixed in the pulverization process, so that the product is impure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder, which has small superfine powder particle size, uniform particle size, high purity and high crushing efficiency. In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: selecting fresh edible fungi, cleaning for 2-3 times, draining, and cutting into 1-3cm segments;
(2) and (3) vacuum low-temperature drying: drying the edible fungi pretreated in the step (1) at low temperature in vacuum until the water content is less than 5% to obtain dry edible fungi;
(3) coarse grinding: putting the dried edible fungi in the step (2) into a common grinder to grind to obtain coarse powder;
(4) and (3) superfine processing: putting the coarse powder in the step (3) into a low-temperature jet mill for superfine processing to obtain superfine powder;
(5) sieving: collecting the superfine powder in the step (4), and performing microwave sterilization and sieving to obtain edible fungus superfine powder with uniform particle size;
wherein, the superfine processing adopts a multi-stage crushing mode, the temperature of the superfine processing is 2-10 ℃, and the pressure of the superfine processing is 110-180 MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of the vacuum low-temperature drying in the step (2) is 50-70 ℃, and the pressure of the vacuum low-temperature drying is 1-2 kPa.
Preferably, the temperature of the coarse grinding in the step (3) is normal temperature.
Preferably, the coarse grinding in step (3) is carried out by one-time feeding or continuous feeding.
Preferably, the particle size of the coarse powder is 2 to 5 mm.
Preferably, the ultrafine processing comprises primary crushing and secondary crushing, wherein primary superfine powder is obtained after the primary crushing, and secondary superfine powder is obtained after the secondary crushing.
Preferably, the pressure of the primary crushing is 110-150MPa, and the feeding speed of the primary crushing is 3-10 kg/min.
Preferably, the particle size of the first-order ultrafine powder is 10 to 30 μm.
Preferably, the pressure of the secondary crushing is 150-180MPa, and the feeding rate of the secondary crushing is 1-5 kg/min.
Preferably, the secondary ultrafine powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 5 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the low-temperature condition for superfine processing, can prevent the nutrient substances in the edible fungi from being damaged, and ensures the nutritive value of the edible fungi superfine powder.
The invention adopts the airflow crushing mode to carry out superfine processing, can obtain superfine powder with smaller particle size, namely the particle size can reach below 1 mu m, has the action principle that compressed air generated by an air compressor is sprayed out from a nozzle, powder is crushed by mutual collision in the sprayed airflow, the crushing efficiency is high, the abrasion of a main body and the mixing of foreign matters can not occur, the purity of the product is high, the product does not pollute the environment, the product does not agglomerate, and the particle size distribution of the obtained particles is uniform and ideal.
The invention also adopts a multi-stage crushing mode to carry out superfine processing so as to obtain various superfine powders with different grain sizes, thereby meeting different requirements, expanding the application range of the process, obviously improving the crushing speed, obtaining the superfine powder with uniform grain size, having strong practicability and being beneficial to popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the processing technology of edible fungi ultra-fine powder, and it can be seen that the processing technology of edible fungi ultra-fine powder comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: selecting fresh edible fungi, cleaning for 2 times, draining, and cutting into 1cm segments for use.
Step S2: and (3) vacuum low-temperature drying: and (5) drying the edible fungi pretreated in the step (S1) at low temperature in vacuum until the water content is 4% to obtain dry edible fungi. In this step, the temperature of the vacuum low-temperature drying is 50 ℃ and the pressure is 2 kPa.
Step S3: coarse grinding: and (4) putting the dry edible fungi in the step S2 into a common grinder, grinding at normal temperature to obtain coarse powder with the particle size of 2mm, wherein the coarse grinding adopts a one-time feeding mode to accelerate the grinding efficiency of coarse grinding and shorten the process.
Step S4: and (3) superfine processing: and (4) putting the coarse powder in the step S3 into a low-temperature jet mill for superfine processing to obtain superfine powder. In this embodiment, the temperature of the superfine processing is 2 ℃, and the superfine processing adopts a multi-stage crushing mode, specifically, a first-stage crushing mode and a second-stage crushing mode, wherein the first-stage crushing mode obtains a first-stage superfine powder, and the second-stage crushing mode obtains a second-stage superfine powder: wherein the pressure of the primary crushing is 110MPa, the feeding rate is 3kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained primary ultrafine powder is 10 μm; the pressure of the secondary crushing is 150MPa, the feeding speed is 1kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained secondary superfine powder is 0.5 mu m, so that superfine powder with different grain diameters is obtained to meet different requirements.
Step S5: sieving: and (5) collecting the corresponding ultra-micro powder in the step S4, sterilizing by microwave, and sieving to obtain the edible fungus ultra-micro powder with uniform granularity and ideal size.
Specific example 2
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder, and it can be seen that the processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: selecting fresh edible fungi, cleaning for 3 times, draining, and cutting into 3cm segments for use.
Step S2: and (3) vacuum low-temperature drying: and (5) drying the edible fungi pretreated in the step (S1) at low temperature in vacuum until the water content is 3% to obtain dry edible fungi. In this step, the temperature of the vacuum low-temperature drying was 70 ℃ and the pressure was 1 kPa.
Step S3: coarse grinding: and (4) putting the dry edible fungi in the step S2 into a common grinder, grinding at normal temperature to obtain coarse powder with the particle size of 5mm, wherein the coarse grinding adopts a continuous feeding mode to accelerate the grinding efficiency of coarse grinding and shorten the process.
Step S4: and (3) superfine processing: and (4) putting the coarse powder in the step S3 into a low-temperature jet mill for superfine processing to obtain superfine powder. In this embodiment, the temperature of the ultrafine processing is 10 ℃, and the ultrafine processing adopts a multi-stage pulverization mode, specifically, a first-stage pulverization and a second-stage pulverization, wherein the first-stage pulverization results in a first-stage ultrafine powder, and the second-stage pulverization results in a second-stage ultrafine powder: wherein the pressure of the primary crushing is 150MPa, the feeding rate is 10kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained primary ultrafine powder is 30 mu m; the pressure of the secondary crushing is 180MPa, the feeding speed is 5kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained secondary superfine powder is 5 mu m, so that superfine powder with different grain diameters is obtained to meet different requirements.
Step S5: sieving: and (5) collecting the corresponding ultra-micro powder in the step S4, sterilizing by microwave, and sieving to obtain the edible fungus ultra-micro powder with uniform granularity and ideal size.
Specific example 3
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder, and it can be seen that the processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: selecting fresh edible fungi, cleaning for 3 times, draining, and cutting into 2cm segments for use.
Step S2: and (3) vacuum low-temperature drying: and (5) drying the edible fungi pretreated in the step (S1) at low temperature in vacuum until the water content is 35% to obtain dry edible fungi. In this step, the temperature of the vacuum low-temperature drying is 60 ℃ and the pressure is 2 kPa.
Step S3: coarse grinding: and (4) putting the dry edible fungi in the step S2 into a common grinder, grinding at normal temperature to obtain coarse powder with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the coarse grinding adopts a one-time feeding mode to accelerate the grinding efficiency of coarse grinding and shorten the process.
Step S4: and (3) superfine processing: and (4) putting the coarse powder in the step S3 into a low-temperature jet mill for superfine processing to obtain superfine powder. In this embodiment, the temperature of the superfine processing is 8 ℃, and the superfine processing adopts a multi-stage crushing mode, specifically, a first-stage crushing mode and a second-stage crushing mode, wherein the first-stage crushing mode obtains a first-stage superfine powder, and the second-stage crushing mode obtains a second-stage superfine powder: wherein the pressure of the primary crushing is 120MPa, the feeding rate is 8kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained primary ultrafine powder is 20 μm; the pressure of the secondary crushing is 160MPa, the feeding speed is 2kg/min, and the grain diameter of the obtained secondary ultrafine powder is 1 mu m, so that ultrafine powder with different grain diameters is obtained to meet different requirements.
Step S5: sieving: and (5) collecting the corresponding ultra-micro powder in the step S4, sterilizing by microwave, and sieving to obtain the edible fungus ultra-micro powder with uniform granularity and ideal size.
As can be seen from the above embodiments of the invention, the invention adopts the low temperature condition to carry out the superfine processing, can prevent the nutrient substances in the edible fungi from being damaged, and ensure the nutritive value of the edible fungi superfine powder; superfine processing is carried out by adopting a jet milling mode, superfine powder with smaller grain diameter can be obtained, namely the grain diameter can reach below 1 mu m, the action principle is that compressed air generated by an air compressor is sprayed out from a nozzle, powder is crushed by mutual collision in jet air flow, the crushing efficiency is high, the abrasion of a main body and the mixing of foreign matters cannot occur, the purity of a product is high, the environment is not polluted, the agglomeration is avoided, and the obtained particles have uniform and ideal grain size distribution; and the superfine powder is subjected to superfine processing in a multi-stage crushing mode so as to obtain various superfine powders with different particle sizes, meet different requirements, expand the application range of the process, remarkably improve the crushing speed, obtain the superfine powder with uniform particle size, have strong practicability and are favorable for popularization and application.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: selecting fresh edible fungi, cleaning for 2-3 times, draining, and cutting into 1-3cm segments;
(2) and (3) vacuum low-temperature drying: drying the edible fungi pretreated in the step (1) at low temperature in vacuum until the water content is less than 5% to obtain dry edible fungi;
(3) coarse grinding: putting the dried edible fungi in the step (2) into a common grinder to grind to obtain coarse powder;
(4) and (3) superfine processing: putting the coarse powder in the step (3) into a low-temperature jet mill for superfine processing to obtain superfine powder;
(5) sieving: collecting the superfine powder in the step (4), and performing microwave sterilization and sieving to obtain edible fungus superfine powder with uniform particle size;
wherein, the superfine processing adopts a multi-stage crushing mode, the temperature of the superfine processing is 2-10 ℃, and the pressure of the superfine processing is 110-180 MPa.
2. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the vacuum low-temperature drying in the step (2) is 50-70 ℃, and the pressure of the vacuum low-temperature drying is 1-2 kPa.
3. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) the temperature of the coarse grinding in the step (3) is normal temperature.
4. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: the feeding mode adopted by the coarse grinding in the step (3) is one-time feeding or continuous feeding.
5. The processing technology of the edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the coarse powder is 2-5 mm.
6. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the superfine processing comprises primary crushing and secondary crushing, wherein primary superfine powder is obtained after the primary crushing, and secondary superfine powder is obtained after the secondary crushing.
7. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: the pressure of the primary crushing is 110-150MPa, and the feeding speed of the primary crushing is 3-10 kg/min.
8. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the first-level superfine powder is 10-30 μm.
9. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that: the pressure of the secondary crushing is 150-180MPa, and the feeding speed of the secondary crushing is 1-5 kg/min.
10. The processing technology of edible fungus superfine powder as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that: the grain diameter of the secondary ultrafine powder is 0.5-5 μm.
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| US20100213293A1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2010-08-26 | Marlow Foods Limited | Edible fungi |
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2022
- 2022-06-06 CN CN202210627381.0A patent/CN115069385A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20220920 |