CN115061511A

CN115061511A - Water surface floating power station and control method

Info

Publication number: CN115061511A
Application number: CN202210713581.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨宗军; 陈朋朋; 于涛
Original assignee: Sungrow Renewables Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sungrow Renewables Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-22
Filing date: 2022-06-22
Publication date: 2022-09-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a water surface floating power station and a control method, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the power generation amount corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles of the water surface floating power station at different moments in a preset time period; determining a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each preset time period according to the power generation amounts corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles at different moments; and in different preset time periods, controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount. Specifically, a floating square matrix is arranged as a whole, the azimuth angle of the square matrix under the maximum power generation at different moments is calculated, time is segmented, and different azimuth angles of the square matrix are adopted to track the light in different time periods, so that the water surface floating power station obtains the maximum power generation.

Description

Water surface floating power station and control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a water surface floating power station and a control method.

Background

At present, a water surface floating power station is a typical scene of a photovoltaic power station applied on the water surface, and is characterized in that a pile foundation is not arranged, a photovoltaic module is fixed on a floating body, and a photovoltaic square matrix integrally floats on the water surface. For the existing water surface floating power station (northern hemisphere), the photovoltaic modules are basically installed in a fixed south-south inclination angle mode, and illumination is not tracked, so that the maximum power generation amount cannot be achieved. However, if the component tracking system is provided on the floating body with reference to the tracking system of the ground power station, the system is limited by factors such as unstable fluctuation of the water level, heavy load, and high cost, and is difficult to apply.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a water surface floating power station and a control method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the power generation amount of the water surface floating power station is low in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control method of a water surface floating power station, comprising:

acquiring the power generation amount corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles of the water surface floating power station at different moments in a preset time period;

determining a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each preset time period according to the power generation amounts corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles at different moments;

and controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different preset time periods so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

Optionally, the preset time period is one day, or a preset number of months in succession.

Optionally, when the preset time period is one day, after the step of determining the square matrix azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in the preset time period, the method includes:

determining irradiation azimuth angles corresponding to maximum irradiation in different time periods of a day;

determining a linear time period and a reciprocating time period according to an irradiation azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation and a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount;

in the linear time period, the irradiation azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation is the same as the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount;

and in the reciprocating time period, the irradiation azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation is different from the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation.

Optionally, the step of controlling the whole floating photovoltaic array of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the array azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different time periods includes:

linearly adjusting the azimuth angle of the floating photovoltaic square matrix according to the irradiation azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum irradiation or the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation within a linear time period;

and in the reciprocating time period, the azimuth angle of the floating photovoltaic array is adjusted in a reciprocating manner according to the array azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation.

Optionally, the step of adjusting the floating photovoltaic array to the array azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount includes:

determining the step size for adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix, and gradually adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix according to the step size in different time periods;

or determining a target time period corresponding to a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount, and controlling the floating photovoltaic square matrix to be fixed as the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in the target time period;

or gradually adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix according to the step length in a linear time period, and controlling the floating photovoltaic square matrix to be fixed as the azimuth angle of the square matrix corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in a reciprocating time period.

Optionally, the method for controlling a surface floating power plant further comprises:

and after the illumination tracking in the preset time period is finished, automatically resetting the azimuth angle of the square matrix to the initial azimuth angle of the water surface floating power station.

determining the maximum adjustable angle range of the water surface floating power station;

and tracking illumination according to the actual boundary angle if the azimuth angle of the square matrix corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each time period is determined to exceed the actual boundary angle of the maximum adjustable angle range.

Further, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a water surface floating power station including: the device comprises a floating photovoltaic square matrix, a square matrix driving mechanism, an angle acquisition unit and a controller;

the controller controls the square matrix driving mechanism to control the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount according to the square matrix azimuth angle of the floating photovoltaic square matrix collected by the angle collecting unit so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

Optionally, the floating photovoltaic array comprises a floating support and a photovoltaic module arranged on the floating support.

Optionally, the matrix driving mechanism comprises a traction mechanism in the length or width direction of the floating photovoltaic matrix, and a traction rope matched with the traction mechanism;

two ends of the traction rope are fixedly connected with two ends of the floating photovoltaic array in the length direction or the width direction;

the two traction mechanisms rotate in the same direction, and the traction ropes are pulled simultaneously to adjust the azimuth angle of the floating photovoltaic square matrix.

Optionally, the angle acquisition unit is an angle sensor or a GPS positioning device.

Optionally, the controller comprises: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on said memory and executable on said processor, said computer program being configured to implement the steps of the method of controlling a surface floating power plant as described above.

The embodiment of the invention provides a water surface floating power station and a control method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the power generation amount corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles of the water surface floating power station at different moments in a preset time period; determining a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each preset time period according to the power generation amounts corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles at different moments; and controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different preset time periods so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

The embodiment provides a control method for adjusting the azimuth angle of a square matrix in a segmented manner so as to improve the power generation amount of a water surface floating power station. Specifically, a floating square matrix is arranged as a whole, the azimuth angle of the square matrix under the maximum power generation at different moments is calculated, time is segmented, and different azimuth angles of the square matrix are adopted to track the light in different time periods, so that the water surface floating power station obtains the maximum power generation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware execution environment execution device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a control method of a water surface floating power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a projection of the sun on the ground at a certain moment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the orientation of a photovoltaic array of a conventional floating power plant in accordance with an embodiment of the method for controlling a surface floating power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array attitude of an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a maximum irradiation azimuth change trajectory in an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of blocking of a photovoltaic square matrix according to an embodiment of the control method for the water surface floating power station;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array after rotation according to an embodiment of the control method for the water surface floating power station of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of actual power curves at different azimuth angles of a square matrix according to an embodiment of the method for controlling a water surface floating power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a change track of an azimuth angle of a square matrix corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station according to the invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an adjusting azimuth angle of a square matrix by a square matrix driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the control method of the water surface floating power station of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a sectional strategy tracking of an embodiment of a control method of a water surface floating power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array at different angles of a sectional strategy according to an embodiment of the control method for the water surface floating power station of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a power curve diagram under a section strategy of an embodiment of the control method of the water surface floating power station of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of azimuth angle of a square matrix with fixed adjustment times according to an embodiment of the method for controlling a water surface floating power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a power curve with fixed adjustment times according to an embodiment of the method for controlling a floating power plant on a water surface;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comprehensive change of azimuth angles of a square matrix according to an embodiment of a method for controlling a water surface floating power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a system diagram of an embodiment of a method for controlling a surface floating power plant of the present invention.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating device in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the operation device may include: a processor 1001, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display (Display), an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a WIreless interface (e.g., a WIreless-FIdelity (WI-FI) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a Random Access Memory (RAM) Memory, or may be a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may alternatively be a storage device separate from the processor 1001.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in FIG. 1 does not constitute a limitation of the operating device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.

As shown in fig. 1, a memory 1005, which is a kind of storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a data storage module, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a computer program.

In the operating device shown in fig. 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with other devices; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the execution apparatus of the present invention may be provided in an execution apparatus that calls a computer program stored in the memory 1005 by the processor 1001 and performs the following operations:

Further, the processor 1001 may call the computer program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

the preset time period is one day or a preset number of months in succession.

when the preset time period is one day, after the step of determining the square matrix azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in the preset time period, the method includes:

in different time periods, the step of controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount comprises the following steps:

and in the reciprocating time period, the azimuth angle of the floating photovoltaic array is adjusted in a reciprocating mode according to the array azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

the step of adjusting the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount comprises the following steps:

determining a step size for adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix, and gradually adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix according to the step size in different time periods;

the control method of the water surface floating power station further comprises the following steps:

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a power station floating on water, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a first embodiment of the method for controlling a power station floating on water according to the present invention.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic projection view of the sun shining on the ground at a certain moment. In fig. 3, FO represents light rays, and an included angle θ (& lt DOF) formed on the OADE plane is called a solar altitude angle, and the sun shuttles back and forth in the north and south directions all the year round to form different altitude angles. Meanwhile, the projection OD of FO on the OADE plane and the included angle β (angle DOA) formed by OA are called the solar azimuth angle. With the earth as a reference, it can be considered that the sun rises and falls during the day, and the solar azimuth angle varies from 0 ° to 180 ° on the OADE plane. These 2 angles will affect the tilt angle design of the photovoltaic module in the east-west and north-south 2 directions, respectively. For north and south directions, in order to obtain maximum power generation, light rays with the plane perpendicular to the height angle direction of the component are ensured as much as possible. For the solar azimuth angle, because the solar azimuth angle is changed all the time during the day, under the condition of no tracking system, the conventional design is that the azimuth angle is directly set in the south (corresponding to the solar azimuth angle of 90 degrees), and if the azimuth angle is a flat single axis, the azimuth angle can be dynamically tracked within the range of +/-60 degrees.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view of the orientation setting of a photovoltaic square matrix of a conventional floating power station according to an embodiment of the control method of the water surface floating power station of the present invention. In a typical application scenario of a floating-on-water power plant, the photovoltaic array shown in fig. 3 adopts a fixed-positive-south-inclination-angle manner, that is, each photovoltaic module has an inclination angle in the north-south direction, for example, 15 °, but the east-west direction is 0 °. The photovoltaic module and the floating body are fixed to form a square matrix which is a whole and can float on the water surface movably, so that the azimuth angle (the angle of rotating the photovoltaic array) of the floating square matrix can be integrally changed, and power generation tracking is realized.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic matrix attitude according to an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention. The simplest way of generating power tracking by integrally changing the azimuth angle of the floating square matrix in the prior art is shown in fig. 5: and in the morning, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix is deflected towards the east side, in the noon, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix is directly opposite to the south direction, and in the afternoon, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix is deflected towards the west side.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a maximum irradiation azimuth change trajectory in an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention. In the conventional way of calculating the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix in the maximum irradiation mode in fig. 5, the optimal azimuth angle (i.e. alpha in fig. 6, which represents the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix) will show continuous linear change with time. The general process is that at 7 a.m., the azimuth angle is oriented to the-60 position, and as time goes on, the steering wheel slowly turns to the south and then slowly turns to the west, and finally stops at the position after sunset. For the acquisition of the actual azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array, the actual azimuth angle can be captured through a preset angle sensor, and the azimuth angle can also be acquired by using the coordinate calculation between 2 points in a GPS positioning mode. The method comprises the steps of collecting positions of two points at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of a photovoltaic square matrix in a GPS (global positioning system) positioning mode, connecting the two points to obtain a first straight line, rotating the photovoltaic square matrix to obtain positions of the two points after the two points are changed, connecting the two points to obtain a second straight line, and taking an included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line as an actual azimuth angle of the photovoltaic square matrix.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of blocking a photovoltaic square matrix according to an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention. The above-mentioned fig. 4, 5 and 6 show theoretical conditions, and in the theoretical conditions, it is considered that the distance between the photovoltaic modules is large and is not blocked, and the maximum irradiation basically corresponds to the maximum power generation. In practice, the azimuth angle of the sun is relatively low at the early and late moments, and the photovoltaic module is over against the azimuth angle of the sun, so that the shielding between the front row and the rear row of the photovoltaic module is relatively serious. At this time, although the irradiation perpendicular to the solar azimuth is large, the power generation amount does not reach the maximum. That is, some times, especially early-late times, the maximum irradiation angle perpendicular to the solar azimuth, does not represent an angle equivalent to the maximum power generation. As shown in fig. 7, taking 9 am as an example, assuming that the maximum azimuth angle of irradiation corresponding to the position of the sun at this time is-60 °, only the first row of modules can receive all the illumination, and the other modules are greatly lost due to the shielding of the front row. Therefore, simply obtaining maximum irradiation directly to the sun does not represent that maximum power production can be obtained, because at lower solar altitude, directly below the sun, the front and rear module shadow losses are large, and instead the power generation is reduced.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array after rotation according to an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention. If the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array is adjusted towards the south, direct illumination received by the photovoltaic modules can be reduced naturally, but the loss caused by shielding of a large number of photovoltaic modules in the rear row can be reduced, and finally the two parts of generated energy need to be integrated together for measurement and calculation.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of actual power curves of different azimuth angles of a square matrix according to an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention. In order to further analyze the relationship between the power generation amount and the azimuth angle of the square matrix, according to the above scenario, power curves of several typical azimuth angles at different time points are simulated, and the result is shown in fig. 9. Looking from the middle to both sides according to the graph in fig. 9, the azimuth power is maximal at 0 ° during 11 p-13 pm, at-30 ° during 9 p-11 pm, at-45 ° during 8 p-9 am, and at-60 ° during 7 p-8 m, instead of going to-60 ° but going back to-30 ° again, the power is maximal. In the afternoon part, the symmetry is not stated one by one. As can be seen here, the azimuth of the square matrix does not change linearly with increasing and decreasing succession as the time of day changes, but there is a break.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a square matrix azimuth angle change trajectory corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in the embodiment of the control method for the water surface floating power station of the present invention. After the azimuth angles of the square matrix corresponding to the maximum power generation amounts at different times of the day are measured, the azimuth angles are plotted in time series, and the variation locus is shown in fig. 10. It can be seen that the azimuth angles of the maximum irradiation and the maximum power generation are substantially the same around noon, while at the morning and evening, the azimuth angle has a reciprocating course and is not always directed to the sun.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the method for controlling a surface floating power plant includes:

step S10: and acquiring the generated energy corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles of the water surface floating power station at different moments in a preset time period.

Step S20: and determining the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each preset time period according to the power generation amounts corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles at different moments.

Step S30: and controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different preset time periods so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

According to data such as weather, the square matrix azimuth angle setting and strategy of the next day can be updated every day. The adjustment is made from step values per minute to a fixed number of times per hour according to the same square matrix azimuth. The time scale can be further enlarged in order to reduce the number of adjustments. The adjustment can be carried out according to the monthly (or continuous 2 months, 3 months and the like), namely, the time-angle sequence is updated once a month, and the same set of adjustment strategy and angle are fixed within a month. In the selected long period of one month, optimization is required to be carried out, and the angle of the azimuth angle of the square matrix is set by integrating the maximum power generation amount of one month. The control method for the preset time period being one day or a preset number of consecutive months is the same, and in this embodiment, the preset time period is taken as one day for example.

The power generation amounts of the water surface floating power station at different time and different square matrix azimuth angles in one day can be obtained from fig. 8, and the square matrix azimuth angles (solid line curves) corresponding to the maximum power generation amounts in different time periods shown in fig. 10 are determined, so that the water surface floating power station is controlled to track illumination according to the square matrix azimuth angles corresponding to the maximum power generation amounts in different time periods. Referring to fig. 9, the present invention controls the azimuth angle of the square matrix with reference to maximizing the power in fig. 9, that is, maximizing the area surrounded by the power curves in fig. 9.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the azimuth angle of the square matrix by the square matrix driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the method for controlling a water surface floating power station of the present invention. The matrix drive mechanism may be a traction mechanism as shown in fig. 11. Specifically, a group of traction ropes is arranged on each of two sides of the photovoltaic square matrix and is used for simultaneously traction, so that the angle adjustment of the azimuth angle of the square matrix is realized. In addition, in order to facilitate rotation, the load of the square matrix driving mechanism is reduced, and the capacity of the photovoltaic square matrix can be planned in advance.

In the embodiment, the power generation amount corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles of the water surface floating power station at different moments in a preset time period is obtained; determining a square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in each preset time period according to the power generation amounts corresponding to different square matrix azimuth angles at different moments; and controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different preset time periods so as to adjust the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount.

The embodiment provides a control method for adjusting the azimuth angle of a square matrix in a segmented manner so as to improve the power generation amount of a water surface floating power station. Specifically, a floating square matrix is set as a whole, square matrix azimuth angles of illumination at different moments under maximum power generation capacity are calculated, time is segmented, and different square matrix azimuth angles are adopted for tracking illumination in different time periods, so that the water surface floating power station obtains the maximum power generation capacity.

Optionally, the step of controlling the whole floating photovoltaic square matrix of the water surface floating power station to rotate according to the square matrix azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different time periods includes:

Optionally, the step of adjusting the floating photovoltaic square matrix to the square matrix azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount includes:

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a sectional strategy tracking of an embodiment of a control method of a water surface floating power station of the present invention. Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic square matrix under different angles of a section strategy according to an embodiment of the control method of the water surface floating power station of the present invention. Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a power curve diagram under a section strategy of an embodiment of the control method of the water surface floating power station of the invention.

In this embodiment, when the accuracy requirement is high, the optimal [ time-azimuth ] correspondence relationship with the maximum power generation amount can be obtained from the power generation amount measurement. First the turn time and angle of the segment are determined. Referring to fig. 10, the azimuth angles of irradiation (shown as dashed lines in fig. 10) corresponding to the maximum irradiation over different time periods are determined. In a linear period in which the irradiation azimuth angle and the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount (indicated by the solid line in fig. 10) are equal (a portion where the solid line and the broken line coincide), the irradiation azimuth angle or the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount is taken as the target azimuth angle. And in a reciprocating time period in which the irradiation azimuth angle and the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount are not equal (a part where the solid line and the dotted line are separated), taking the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount as a target azimuth angle. And tracking the illumination according to the target azimuth angle in different time periods.

In the case of low accuracy requirement, during the morning, find (start time t0, start angle α 0) and another time (time t1, start angle α 0) that is the same as the start angle, i.e. A, B two points in fig. 12. In the time interval, the angle is adjusted in a reciprocating tracking mode, namely the angle is gradually increased from the current position, then gradually reduced and reset to the initial angle, so that the power generation influence of the shadow is reduced. And outside the time, the linear change is tracked according to a conventional irradiation maximization method, and the method is simple and direct. The morning part is illustrated in fig. 12, as is the afternoon time period, and will not be described again.

By adopting the tracking measurement strategy, the effect of the power generation curve is shown in fig. 14: in the reciprocating tracking interval, a larger power curve can be obtained, and in the normal tracking interval, the maximum power envelope of different angles can be obtained. The generated power obtained as a whole at this time is maximum. Within the three segments, the dynamic real-time adjustment is carried out in each interval.

Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the change of the azimuth angle of the square matrix with fixed adjustment times according to an embodiment of the control method for the water surface floating power station of the present invention. Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a power curve diagram of a fixed adjustment time in an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the minimum step size for the adjustment is determined by the actually achievable step size. Theoretically, the smaller the step size, the finer the tracking, but the number of adjustments will be large. Another way is to simplify the tracking procedure, fixing a preset number of adjustments per day, such as a preset seven-adjustment-per-day, i.e. corresponding to 7 angles. This arrangement sacrifices a portion of the power generation output, but reduces the number and complexity of square-matrix azimuth angle adjustments.

At this time, in order to ensure that a good power generation amount still exists under a fixed adjustment number, the angle of the azimuth angle of the square matrix is not arbitrary, but needs to be set for optimization.

Referring to fig. 9, target time periods with the same square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the maximum power generation amount at different times in a day are determined, and in each target time period, the illumination is tracked according to the same square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the target time period. Instead of changing the azimuth angle of the square matrix by step size and tracking the illumination by a constantly changing angle, referring to fig. 15, the adjustment times and complexity of the photovoltaic square matrix are reduced by tracking the illumination by the same azimuth angle of the square matrix within the target time period, and the final generated power is shown in fig. 16.

The method comprises the following specific steps: and measuring all the generated energy data at different times under different square matrix azimuth angles in one day, and then performing combination sequencing to find out the time combination and the corresponding angle of the maximum generated energy. Such as finally obtained in the ranges [ (7:00-8:00), -30 ° ], [ (8:00-9:00), -45 ° ], [ (9:00-10:00), -30 ° ], [ (10:00-14:00),0 ° ], [ (14:00-15:00),30 ° ], [ (15:00-16:00),45 ° ], [ (16:00-17:00),30 ° ]. As shown in fig. 9, the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the generated power at one time is not taken as the criterion, otherwise, in the (7:00-8:00) time period, the generated power at the 8:00 time is obviously the maximum, but the square matrix azimuth angle corresponding to the generated power at the 7:00 time is taken as the square matrix azimuth angle of the whole (7:00-8:00) time period. And determining the square array azimuth angle of the time period (7:00-8:00) based on the maximum area and the maximum total generated power surrounded by the curves in the time period (7:00-8:00), wherein the maximum total generated power corresponds to-45 degrees in the time period (7:00-8:00), and therefore-45 degrees is taken as the square array azimuth angle of the time period.

The 7 time-angle sequences are optimal, the power generation amount in the respective target time periods is maximum, and then tracking is performed with reference to the time and the angle. Similarly, between 7 and 10 points, the reciprocating tracking mode is still adopted.

Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating comprehensive changes of azimuth angles of a square matrix according to an embodiment of a control method for a water surface floating power station.

Because the azimuth changes simply and tends to be linear in the normal unshielded interval range, the two ends can adopt fixed times of reciprocating tracking and the middle part still adopts a linear tracking mode during segmentation, and the angle change and the power change are shown in fig. 17.

The angle change from morning to evening is not necessarily a complete closed loop, for example, as shown in fig. 10, the angle changes continuously from-30 ° in the sequence of 7:00 to 17:00, and finally changes to 30 ° in the evening, and does not return to the initial position of-30 ° after one day. Therefore, it is desirable to provide that after the end of one day, the tracking system automatically resets to the optimal initial azimuth position on the next day.

The matrix drive mechanism may be a traction mechanism as shown in fig. 11. Specifically, a group of traction ropes is arranged on each of two sides of the photovoltaic square matrix and is used for simultaneously traction, so that the angle adjustment of the azimuth angle of the square matrix is realized.

Considering a surface floating power station with a rope anchoring system, the expansion allowance of the rope and the water level of the surface floating power station affect the maximum rotatable angle of the photovoltaic array. Therefore, the maximum adjustable angle range needs to be set as a control boundary for measuring and calculating the angle when a tracking strategy is formulated. And if the calculated theoretical angle exceeds the actual adjustable angle range, tracking the illumination according to the actual boundary angle of the maximum adjustable angle range by taking the actual adjustable angle range as a boundary.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a water surface floating power station, referring to fig. 18, and fig. 18 is a system schematic diagram of an embodiment of a control method of a water surface floating power station according to the present invention. The surface floating power station comprises: the device comprises a floating photovoltaic square matrix, a square matrix driving mechanism, an angle acquisition unit and a controller;

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.

Through the description of the foregoing embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the method of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly may also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (e.g., ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above and includes instructions for enabling a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a surface floating power plant, the method comprising the steps of:

2. The method of controlling a surface floating power plant of claim 1, characterized in that said preset period of time is one day, or a preset number of months in succession.

3. The method for controlling a surface floating power plant according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining the azimuth of the square matrix corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in the preset time period when the preset time period is one day, is followed by:

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of controlling the floating photovoltaic array of the surface floating power plant to rotate as a whole according to the array azimuth corresponding to the maximum power generation amount in different time periods comprises:

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of adjusting the floating photovoltaic array to a corresponding array azimuth angle for maximum power generation comprises:

6. The method of controlling a surface floating power plant of claim 1, further comprising:

7. The method of controlling a surface floating power plant of claim 1, further comprising:

8. A surface floating power plant, characterized in that it comprises: the device comprises a floating photovoltaic square matrix, a square matrix driving mechanism, an angle acquisition unit and a controller;

9. The surface floating power plant of claim 8, wherein the floating photovoltaic array comprises a floating support, and a photovoltaic module disposed on the floating support.

10. The surface floating power plant of claim 8 wherein the matrix drive mechanism comprises a traction mechanism in the length or width direction of the floating photovoltaic matrix and a traction rope associated with the traction mechanism;

11. The surface floating power plant of claim 8 wherein the angle acquisition unit is an angle sensor or a GPS positioning device.

12. The surface floating power plant of claim 8 wherein the controller comprises: memory, a processor and a computer program stored on said memory and executable on said processor, said computer program being configured to implement the steps of the control method of a surface floating power plant according to any of the claims 1 to 7.