CN115058673B - Heat treatment method for regulating and controlling mechanical property matching and consistency of TC11 titanium alloy - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for regulating and controlling mechanical property matching and consistency of TC11 titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115058673B CN115058673B CN202210701927.2A CN202210701927A CN115058673B CN 115058673 B CN115058673 B CN 115058673B CN 202210701927 A CN202210701927 A CN 202210701927A CN 115058673 B CN115058673 B CN 115058673B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a method for preparing a metal alloyThe heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the mechanical property matching and consistency of TC11 titanium alloy includes the steps of processing TC11 titanium alloy forging stock in two-phase area in T β And (3) carrying out solution treatment at the temperature of (10-50), discharging from a furnace after the solution treatment is completed, cooling to room temperature by air, carrying out aging treatment at the temperature of (500-650) ℃ for 240-480 min, cooling to 300-450 ℃ along with the furnace after the heat preservation is completed, and discharging from the furnace and cooling to room temperature by air. The invention can accurately regulate and control the comprehensive performance matching properties of TC11 alloy strength, plasticity, hardness and the like in a wider range aiming at TC11 titanium alloy forgings with different specifications so as to solve the problem of high difficulty in matching the comprehensive performance matching properties of strength, plasticity, toughness and the like caused by a conventional heat treatment mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of titanium alloy materials, in particular to a heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy.
Background
The TC11 titanium alloy is a martensite type (alpha+beta) two-phase heat-strength titanium alloy. The alloy has the characteristics of high specific strength, good medium temperature performance, corrosion resistance, excellent weldability and the like, can be used for a long time in an environment below 500 ℃, and is widely applied to important parts such as aeroengine compressor disks, blades, drums, aircraft structural members and the like.
The conventional TC11 titanium alloy forging technical standard generally requires that the room temperature strength of the forging be more than 1030 MPa, and strict requirements on the plasticity, toughness, surface hardness and the like of the forging are provided. However, the mechanical properties of the TC11 titanium alloy product are greatly influenced by the heat treatment cooling rate, the size of the heat treatment blank and other factors, for example, when the whole TC11 alloy forging is subjected to heat treatment, the strength of the forging can be reduced along with the increase of the size of the heat treatment section under the same heat treatment system condition. The conventional heat treatment process of solid solution, air cooling and aging often causes that the strength of the forging is difficult to meet the standard requirement, and the treatment mode of solid solution, water cooling (quenching) and aging is adopted, and particularly, the quenching treatment is carried out after the solid solution, so that the strength of the forging can be remarkably improved, but the plasticity and the toughness of the forging can be greatly reduced, and the hardness of the product is too high, so that the plasticity, the toughness of the forging are reduced, and the surface hardness of the forging cannot meet the standard requirement; moreover, under the same heat treatment condition, the mechanical properties of forgings with different specifications can greatly fluctuate due to the influence of the cross section size.
Therefore, a simple and reliable heat treatment system is explored to accurately regulate and control each mechanical property of the TC11 titanium alloy forging, ensure the optimal comprehensive performance matching property and consistency, and have important theoretical and engineering practical significance for guiding the formulation of the production process parameters of the TC11 forging and ensuring the stability of the forging quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching property and consistency of the mechanical properties of the TC11 titanium alloy so as to accurately regulate and control each mechanical property of the TC11 titanium alloy forging, ensure the optimal comprehensive matching property and have simple and reliable operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of the mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy is characterized in that a TC11 titanium alloy forging stock obtained by processing a two-phase region is subjected to T-shaped treatment β And (3) carrying out solution treatment at the temperature of (10-50), discharging from a furnace after the solution treatment is completed, cooling to room temperature by air, carrying out aging treatment at the temperature of (500-650) ℃ for 240-480 min, cooling to 300-450 ℃ along with the furnace after the heat preservation is completed, and discharging from the furnace and cooling to room temperature by air.
Further, the heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of the mechanical properties of the TC11 titanium alloy is realized by the following steps:
step 1): the TC11 titanium alloy forging stock obtained by processing the two-phase region is processed in T β Carrying out solid solution treatment at the temperature of (10-50), discharging from a furnace after the solid solution is completed, and carrying out air cooling; air cooling time is t 1 =k 1 Calculation is performed in x h, where k 1 Is the air cooling coefficient, k 1 The value is controlled to be 0.05-0.3 min/mm, and h is the maximum section thickness of the blank; water cooling to room temperature after air cooling is completed;
step 2): and (3) heating the titanium alloy cooled to room temperature in the step (1) to 500-650 ℃ for aging treatment for 240-480 min, cooling to 300-450 ℃ along with a furnace after heat preservation is finished, and then discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
Further, the solid solution heat preservation time in the step 1) is according to t 2 =k 2 Calculation is performed in x h, where k 2 K is the solid solution heat preservation coefficient 2 The value is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 min/mm. The forging stock section thickness is different, and the time required for the solid solution completion is also different, and the solid solution heat preservation coefficient is the heat preservation time required under the solid solution temperature condition is determined, and the specific solid solution heat preservation time calculation method is as follows: solid solution heat preservation time = solid solution heat preservation coefficient x maximum section thickness of the forging stock.
Further, the cooling speed along with the furnace in the step 2) is controlled to be 2-10 ℃/min.
Further, the maximum cross-sectional thickness h of the forging stock is in the range of not more than 350mm.
The main innovation points and the action principle of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention adopts a heat treatment mode of 'solid solution, air cooling, water cooling, aging, furnace cooling and air cooling', and can accurately regulate and control the solid solution effect and aging precipitation of TC11 titanium alloy. The simple solid solution air cooling has poor solid solution effect, the metastable phase which is preserved by solid solution at high temperature is difficult to preserve in the air cooling process, the reinforced phase which is precipitated by aging is insufficient, the solid solution effect of solid solution water cooling is relatively best, the metastable phase can be preserved to the maximum extent, and a large number of dispersion reinforced phases are decomposed and precipitated by the metastable phase in the subsequent aging process, so that the strength and hardness of the alloy are greatly improved. Based on the current situation that strength is easy to be disqualified after solid solution and plasticity is easy to be lower and hardness is easy to be disqualified after direct air cooling is easy to be carried out after solid solution, and performance fluctuation is extremely large after a single solid solution cooling mode is adopted for forging stocks with different section thicknesses;
2. the aging temperature and the cooling speed of the follow-up furnace are controlled after the aging is completed, so that the consistency of aging precipitation processes of forgings of different specifications is ensured, the content and the morphology of a metastable phase decomposed precipitation dispersion strengthening phase in the aging process are accurately controlled, and the purpose of accurately controlling the comprehensive mechanical property matching and consistency of the TC11 forgings of different specifications is achieved. Under the condition of consistent solid solution effect, the aging precipitation behaviors of TC11 forgings with different section thicknesses under the same aging temperature condition are consistent, but after aging is finished, the cooling speeds of forging stocks with different section thicknesses are inconsistent, and the aging precipitation behaviors also exist in the forging stocks within a certain temperature range in the cooling process, if the cooling speeds are inconsistent, the aging precipitation behaviors are inconsistent, and finally the performance is fluctuated. Experiments find that the temperature interval above 450 ℃ has a larger influence on the aging precipitation behavior of TC11, and the aging precipitation behavior of TC11 is not influenced basically below 300 ℃, so that the temperature interval is cooled to 300-450 ℃ along with a furnace at a constant speed after aging is controlled, the difference of the aging precipitation behavior caused by inconsistent cooling speeds of different section thicknesses is avoided, the consistency of heat treatment effects of forging billets of different section thicknesses is guaranteed to the maximum extent, and the purpose of controlling the consistency of mechanical properties of forging billets of different section thicknesses is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can accurately regulate and control the comprehensive performance matching properties of TC11 alloy strength, plasticity, hardness and the like in a wider range aiming at TC11 titanium alloy forgings with different specifications so as to solve the problem of high difficulty in comprehensive performance matching of strength, plasticity, toughness and the like caused by a conventional heat treatment mode;
2. according to the invention, the consistency of solid solution effects of the forgings with different specifications is ensured by controlling the air cooling time before solid solution and water cooling of the forgings with different specifications, the consistency of ageing precipitation effects of the forgings with different specifications is ensured by controlling the cooling speed along with the furnace after ageing heat preservation, and finally the purpose of realizing the consistency of mechanical properties of the forgings with different specifications of TC11 titanium alloy is achieved;
3. the treatment mode of the invention does not increase the heating treatment cost additionally, and has the characteristics of simple operation and control, strong practicability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a corresponding microstructure obtained by a conventional heat treatment method and a heat treatment method according to the first embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is a forging 1 and a scheme 1; (b) is a forging 1 and a scheme 2; (c) is a forging 1 and a scheme 3; (d) is a forging 2 and a scheme 1; (e) forging 2, scheme 2; (f) forging 2 and scheme 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and unambiguous the scope of the present invention. Any identical or similar solution without departing from the inventive concept shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. And not described in detail herein, all in a manner conventional in the art.
Materials: TC11, phase transition point temperature 1000 ℃. Forging 1 size is phi 650 x 180mm, forging 2 size: phi 320 x 100mm. The forgings are obtained by forging and processing an alpha+beta two-phase region, and the phase transition points are 1000 ℃ by adopting a metallographic method. The requirements of the room temperature mechanical property index of the forging are shown in the following table 1:
watch (watch)
Room temperature mechanical property requirement of TC11 titanium alloy forging
The heat treatment mode of the invention is compared with the treatment modes of solid solution, air cooling, aging, solid solution, water cooling and aging which are commonly used in the prior art.
1. Existing heat treatment method 1 (scheme 1 for short)
The method adopts a mode of solid solution, air cooling and aging to carry out heat treatment on the TC11 titanium alloy forging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution on the forging 1 and the forging 2 at 960 ℃ for 120min by using an electric furnace, discharging after the solid solution is completed, and air-cooling to room temperature;
step 2: and (3) heating the two forgings subjected to the step (1) to 530 ℃ by using an electric furnace, performing aging treatment for 6 hours, discharging, performing air cooling to room temperature, and then performing various mechanical property tests (more than two data are measured for each test item) by taking chord direction samples from the rim parts of the two forgings according to requirements.
2. Existing heat treatment method II (scheme 2 for short)
The method adopts a mode of solid solution, water cooling and aging to carry out heat treatment on the TC11 titanium alloy forging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution on the forging 1 and the forging 2 at 960 ℃ for 120min by using an electric furnace, discharging after the solid solution is completed, and immediately cooling to room temperature by water;
step 2: and (3) heating the two forgings subjected to the step (1) to 530 ℃ by using an electric furnace, performing aging treatment for 6 hours, discharging, performing air cooling to room temperature, and then taking chord-wise samples from the rim parts of the two forgings according to requirements to perform various mechanical property tests (more than two data are measured in each test item).
3. Embodiment 1 of the heat treatment method of the invention (scheme 3 for short)
The method adopts a mode of solid solution, air cooling, water cooling, aging, furnace cooling and air cooling to carry out heat treatment on the TC11 titanium alloy forging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution on the forge piece 1 and the forge piece 2 at 960 ℃ for 120min by using an electric furnace, discharging and air-cooling after the solid solution is completed, and calculating the air-cooling time according to t=k×h, wherein k is an air-cooling coefficient, k is controlled to be 0.05-0.3 min/mm, h is the maximum section thickness of the blank, and cooling to room temperature after the air cooling is completed;
step 2: and heating the titanium alloy cooled to room temperature by using an electric furnace to 530 ℃, carrying out aging treatment for 360min, cooling to 350 ℃ along with the furnace after heat preservation is finished, cooling at a speed of 5 ℃/min along with the furnace, discharging from the furnace, cooling to room temperature by air, and finally taking chordwise samples from rim parts of two forgings according to requirements to carry out various mechanical property tests (more than two data are measured for each test item).
The final mechanical properties and typical high-power tissue photographs of the forging 1 and the forging 2 obtained by adopting the three heat treatment methods are shown in table 2 and fig. 1:
table 2: mechanical property comparison of traditional heat treatment method and heat treatment method of the patent
As can be seen from the table 2 and the figure 1, the microstructure of the TC11 titanium alloy forging obtained by the heat treatment method is more uniform, and the consistency degree of the mechanical properties of the TC11 forging with two different specifications obtained by the heat treatment method is high.
Claims (4)
1. A heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of the mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): carrying out solution treatment on a TC11 titanium alloy forging stock obtained by processing in a two-phase region at T beta- (10-50) DEG C, discharging from a furnace after the solution treatment is completed, and carrying out air cooling; the air cooling time is calculated according to the air cooling time and t1=k1×h, wherein k 1 is an air cooling coefficient, the k 1 value is controlled to be 0.05-0.3 min/mm, and h is the maximum section thickness of the blank; water cooling to room temperature after air cooling is completed;
step 2): and (3) heating the titanium alloy cooled to room temperature in the step (1) to 500-650 ℃ for aging treatment for 240-480 min, cooling to 300-450 ℃ along with a furnace after heat preservation, and then discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
2. The heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of the mechanical properties of the TC11 titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the solid solution heat preservation time in the step 1) is calculated according to t2=k2×h, wherein k 2 is a solid solution heat preservation coefficient, the k 2 value is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 min/mm, and h is the maximum section thickness of the blank.
3. The heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of the mechanical properties of the TC11 titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the cooling speed along with the furnace in the step 2) is controlled to be 2-10 ℃/min.
4. The heat treatment method for regulating and controlling the matching and consistency of mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the range of the maximum section thickness h of the forging stock is not more than 350mm.
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| US6190473B1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-20 | The Boenig Company | Titanium alloy having enhanced notch toughness and method of producing same |
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Address after: 415000 No. 97, Qianming Road, Qingshan community, Deshan street, Changde economic and Technological Development Zone, Changde City, Hunan Province Applicant after: Hunan Xiangtou Jintian Titanium Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 415000 No. 97, Qianming Road, Qingshan community, Deshan street, Changde economic and Technological Development Zone, Changde City, Hunan Province Applicant before: HUNAN GOLDSKY TITANIUM INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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